JP5490832B2 - Silica alumina catalyst for waste treatment, waste treatment method and waste treatment apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment, a waste treatment apparatus using the silica-alumina catalyst, and a waste treatment method. More specifically, the present invention can decompose a treatment object (waste) in a short time, and The present invention relates to a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment capable of remarkably reducing the intensity of radioactivity contained in a treated material, a waste treatment method and a waste treatment apparatus using the same.

  In recent years, organic waste such as sewage sludge containing animal and vegetable residues such as waste produced in the production process of food such as fermentation residues, food waste, and waste in agriculture and animal husbandry is usually incinerated and landfilled. Has been disposed of in the way. The organic waste is processed by various apparatuses including a garbage disposal machine.

  However, methods such as incineration and landfill are not desirable in the current situation where effective use of resources is desired. In particular, the incineration is problematic because it requires a lot of energy.

  On the other hand, the apparatus called garbage processing machine includes a drying furnace, a drying / carbonizing apparatus using a carbonization furnace, a fermentation apparatus using microorganisms, and the like. In the case of using a drying furnace or a carbonization furnace, the processing time is short, but energy is required because a fairly high temperature furnace is used. On the other hand, the method of fermenting using microorganisms does not require much energy. Moreover, there exists a merit that a processed material can be reused as a fertilizer. For this reason, methods for fermentation using various microorganisms have been developed.

  However, conventional fermenters using microorganisms can decompose organic wastes simultaneously with resins other than vinyl chloride, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) that cannot be decomposed at high temperatures. There was a problem that it could not be done.

  As an invention for solving such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-119355 (Patent Document 1) discloses that a treated product and a treated bacterial group composed of a plurality of types of bacteria are agitated to decompose the treated product. A decomposition method is disclosed. In the decomposition method, PCB can be decomposed by appropriately utilizing the treated bacteria group.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-36616 (Patent Document 2) discloses a method for decomposing raw garbage, characterized in that a composite bio-organism is transplanted and inhabited in a porous countless number of ceramic compounds to decompose waste garbage. Is disclosed. As a result, various garbage (waste) can be decomposed.

JP 2009-119355 A JP 2008-36616 A

  By the way, in recent years, research on decomposing / removing (detoxifying) waste containing radioactive materials emitted by nuclear power generation has been actively conducted, but there is still no device that can efficiently decompose / remove. There is.

  Here, if the waste containing the radioactive substance can be efficiently decomposed and removed by the above-described microorganisms, there are many merits such as excellent safety and not enormous cost. Of course, the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot solve such a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and can disassemble the object to be processed in a short time and significantly increase the radioactivity of the radioactive substance contained in the object to be processed. An object is to provide a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment that can be reduced, a waste treatment method using the same, and a waste treatment apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the silica-alumina catalyst according to the present invention is premised on a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment.

  The inventor grows Bacillus, which is a soil fungus collected from soil, by a specific growth method, supports it on a porous silica-alumina catalyst, and contacts the silica-alumina catalyst with an object to be treated (waste). It has been found that the decomposition efficiency of the object to be treated can be dramatically improved, and the radioactivity intensity (concentration) of the radioactive substance contained in the object to be treated can be remarkably reduced.

That is, the silica-alumina catalyst of the present invention repeatedly supplies a predetermined amino acid by a predetermined supply amount at a predetermined growth temperature to a bacterial cell solution containing Bacillus bacteria which are soil bacteria collected from soil. As the amino acid to be supplied, a residue obtained by distilling and concentrating a mixture of shochu, vinegar and sugar is used as the amino acid to be supplied. By impregnating the alumina catalyst, it is a silica alumina catalyst supporting the Bacillus bacteria. With this configuration, the object to be processed can be decomposed into water and carbon dioxide in a short time, and the radioactivity of the radioactive material contained in the object to be processed is significantly reduced, making the object to be processed almost harmless. Can be realized.

  The growth temperature can be configured to be within a range of 25 degrees to 50 degrees.

  The amino acid may be supplied intermittently at any time interval of 0.5 to 6 hours.

  Moreover, the supply amount of one amino acid can be configured to be within a range of 30 ml to 50 ml with respect to 1000 ml of the bacterial cell solution.

Further, the silica alumina catalyst contains 40 to 45% by weight of SiO ₂ , 13 to 17% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ and 36 to 45% by weight of CaO with respect to 100% by weight of the silica alumina catalyst. The total of the three components contained may be 89-100% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the alumina catalyst.

  The present invention can also be provided as a waste treatment method using the silica alumina catalyst. That is, a predetermined amount of a processing object is charged into a processing portion filled with a predetermined amount of the silica-alumina catalyst, and the processing object is stirred while being in contact with the silica-alumina catalyst, and the atmosphere in the processing portion Provided is a waste processing method comprising: maintaining a temperature at a predetermined temperature to maintain the object to be processed at a predetermined temperature; and spraying a predetermined amino acid intermittently in predetermined amounts in the processing unit. I can do it.

  The present invention can also be provided as a waste treatment apparatus using the silica alumina catalyst. That is, a processing unit filled with a predetermined amount of the silica-alumina catalyst is charged with a predetermined amount of processing object, and a stirring unit is provided in the processing unit, while the processing target is in contact with the silica-alumina catalyst. A stirring unit, a temperature control unit for maintaining the object to be processed at a predetermined temperature by maintaining an atmospheric temperature in the processing unit at a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined amino acid is intermittently sprayed in predetermined amounts in the processing unit. It is possible to provide a waste treatment apparatus including a supply unit that performs the above-described operation.

  According to the present invention, an object to be processed can be decomposed in a short time, and the intensity of radioactivity of a radioactive substance contained in the object to be processed can be remarkably reduced.

1 is a schematic view of a waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. The present invention is a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment, and the material to be treated is decomposed by bringing the material to be treated (waste) into contact with the silica-alumina catalyst.

  More specifically, the silica-alumina catalyst according to the present invention intermittently supplies a predetermined amino acid by a predetermined supply amount at a predetermined growth temperature to a cell fluid containing Bacillus bacteria which are soil bacteria collected from soil. Is repeated for a predetermined growth period, and the Bacillus bacteria are supported by impregnating a porous silica-alumina catalyst with a bacterial cell solution of the grown Bacillus bacteria.

<Soil fungus (Bacillus, mycelium)>
There are generally four types of soil fungi (Bacillus), spoilage-type soil fungi, bacteria-purifying soil fungi, fermentation-type soil fungi, and synthetic-type soil fungi. The spoilage-type soil fungus is fusarium or the like, and emits a bad odor when the organic matter contained in the object to be treated is decomposed. The sterilized soil fungus is penicillium, Trichoderma, Streptomyces, or the like, and generates an antibacterial substance or the like when an organic substance contained in the object to be processed is decomposed. Furthermore, the fermentative soil fungi are lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and the like, which promote solubilization of inorganic substances and produce physiologically active substances such as amino acids, polysaccharides, and vitamins in the soil. The synthetic soil bacteria are photosynthetic bacteria, algae, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and the like, and decompose organic substances contained in the object to be treated under a predetermined amount of moisture.

  An aggregate (composite fungus) of soil fungi that combines the fermented soil fungus and the synthetic soil fungus described above has a function of decomposing the material to be treated into water and carbon dioxide. That is, when the complex (the organic matter) is decomposed by the complex fungus, the fermented soil fungus of the complex is rapidly propagated mainly using the treated substance as a nutrient source (proteolysis). Decomposed into carbon dioxide, amino acids, alcohol, cellulose, and carbohydrates. Then, the synthetic soil fungus of the complex bacterium is rapidly propagated using as a nutrient source amino acids, alcohol, cellulose, and carbohydrates (fermentative decomposition), and these are decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. Such a mutual decomposition action of the complex bacteria makes it possible to decompose the object to be processed mainly into water and carbon dioxide. That is, the complex bacteria can be said to be the most suitable bacteria for the decomposition treatment of the object to be treated.

  The inventor of the present invention has devised a method for preferentially growing the above-mentioned complex bacteria from soil bacteria collected from normal soil. That is, a soil fungus (Bacillus) collected from soil is put into a predetermined cell solution, and a predetermined amino acid is intermittently supplied in a predetermined supply amount at a predetermined growth temperature to grow for a predetermined growth period. Then, the above-mentioned complex bacteria can be preferentially grown.

  Here, the soil fungus used in the present invention is a general Bacillus fungus, and any soil may be used as the soil from which the soil fungus is collected, and examples thereof include fertile field soil near Kansai. Further, in order to grow the above-mentioned complex bacteria more effectively, only a predetermined number of types of soil bacteria (fermented soil bacteria, synthetic soil bacteria) are selected from the soil bacteria collected from the soil, and the selection is made. Only the soil fungi that have been used may be targeted for cultivation. Moreover, although the said microbial cell liquid does not have limitation in particular, For example, it is the physiological saline etc. (medium) generally used.

  In addition, the type of amino acid is not particularly limited as long as it is an amino acid that is generally a nutrient source for soil fungi, and it is cultivated by placing common soil fungi in an environment that supplies relatively excessive amino acids. Thus, the above-described complex bacteria are preferentially grown. Examples of the amino acids include neutral glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, proline, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, acidic aspartic acid, glutamic acid, basic Is one or more amino acids selected from lysine, arginine, and histidine. The amino acids used for the growth of the soil fungi are preferably a plurality of amino acids obtained from a distillation residue obtained by distilling and concentrating a mixture of shochu, vinegar and sugar. Since the distillation residue contains an abundance of a plurality of types of amino acids suitable for the growth of the aforementioned complex bacteria, it is preferable for promoting the proliferation of the complex bacteria. The type of shochu is not particularly limited and may be one or more shochu selected from straw, wheat, rice and brown sugar. For example, barley shochu alone, rice shochu alone, wheat If a combination of shochu and shochu is selected, it is more preferable for growing the multifunction machine. The type of the sugar is not particularly limited, but for example, brown sugar is preferable for promoting the growth of the complex bacteria. The mixing ratio (volume) of the mixed solution is not particularly limited as long as each component is included. For example, shochu: vinegar: sugar = 0.5 to 2.0: 0.5 to 2.0: It is preferable that it is 0.5-2.0, and it is especially preferable for the growth of the composite machine that shochu: vinegar: sugar = 1: 1: 1.

  In addition, the growth temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature generally employed for the growth of soil fungi. For example, it is preferably in the range of 25 degrees to 70 degrees, and preferably 35 degrees to 45 degrees. More preferably within the range. If comprised in this way, the complex microbe mentioned above will propagate preferentially.

  The method of intermittently supplying the amino acid to the bacterial cell liquid includes, for example, a method of supplying the amino acid to the bacterial cell liquid at a predetermined time interval. For example, any time of 0.5 to 6 hours may be used. A method of supplying intermittently at intervals is preferable, and a method of supplying intermittently at any time interval of 1 hour to 3 hours is more preferable. If comprised in this way, the proliferation of the complex bacteria mentioned above will be accelerated | stimulated.

  In addition, the supply amount of the amino acid is appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the bacterial cell liquid. For example, the supply amount of one amino acid is within a range of 30 ml to 50 ml with respect to 1000 ml of the bacterial cell liquid. And preferred. If comprised in this way, it will become possible to supply an amino acid to the said composite microbe without excess and deficiency.

  The growing period is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 month to 6 months, for example, and more preferably in the range of 2 months to 4 months. If comprised in this way, while the proliferated soil microbe turns into the composite microbe utilized for this invention, it can prevent that a growing period becomes uselessly long.

  The Bacillus cultivated by the above-described method corresponds to a complex bacterium in which a fermented soil bacterium and a synthetic soil bacterium are combined. Therefore, if this is supported on a porous silica-alumina catalyst, the object to be treated is It is easy to handle at the time of processing, increases the frequency of contact with the object to be processed, and contributes to the improvement of decomposition efficiency.

<Silica alumina catalyst (bacteria bed)>
The silica-alumina catalyst used in the present invention is used as the above-mentioned Bacillus bacteria bed. Here, the silica alumina catalyst is not particularly limited as long as it is a silica alumina catalyst containing silica (SiO ₂ ), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), and calcium (CaO) as main components.

If the silica-alumina catalyst is a silica-alumina catalyst containing silica, alumina, and calcium in a well-balanced quantity, it may be comfortable as the cultivated bed of Bacillus bacterium, or the Bacillus bacterium may decompose the object to be treated. The processing function is demonstrated remarkably. The silica alumina catalyst is, for example, 40 wt% -45 wt% of SiO ₂ , 13 wt% -17 wt% of Al ₂ O _{3 and} 36 wt% -45 wt of CaO with respect to 100 wt% of the silica alumina catalyst. %, And the total of the three components contained is 100% by weight to 100% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the silica-alumina catalyst.

  The silica-alumina catalyst is naturally porous. However, when the porosity of the silica-alumina catalyst is 52% -57%, it becomes possible to carry a large amount of the aforementioned Bacillus bacteria on the inner wall surface of the hole. preferable. Further, it is preferable that the silica alumina catalyst has a pore diameter (pore diameter, average pore diameter) of 20 μm to 150 μm because a large amount of Bacillus bacteria can be easily supported in the pore diameter. Here, the volume within the pore diameter of the silica-alumina catalyst needs to be sufficient to maintain the supporting effect, and the supporting effect can be appropriately maintained when the specific porosity and the specific pore diameter described above are used. It becomes.

  The shape of the silica-alumina catalyst is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. For example, the shape is spherical, granular, cylindrical, powdery, granular, flat, pellet, pipe (cylindrical), A honeycomb shape or the like is employed. For example, a sphere having a sphere diameter (diameter) of 2 mm-5 mm is adopted, but other shapes may be used.

  Moreover, any method may be used for impregnating the silica-alumina catalyst with the bacterial cell liquid containing Bacillus bacteria. For example, the bacterial cell liquid is filled in a predetermined container in advance, and a predetermined amount of ( A method is adopted in which a spherical silica alumina catalyst is introduced and the bacterial cell liquid is immersed in the silica alumina catalyst.

  Here, at the time of the impregnation, the amount of the bacterial cell liquid is preferably larger than the amount of the silica alumina catalyst. For example, when the silica alumina catalyst is 20 kg, the bacterial cell liquid is 50 kg. The bacterial cell liquid is preferably penetrated and absorbed into the silica-alumina catalyst.

  After the absorption, the solvent in the bacterial cell liquid in the silica-alumina catalyst is dried by heating at a predetermined heating temperature and drying or leaving it to dry naturally for a predetermined time, and the Bacillus bacteria in the bacterial cell liquid Remains on the inner wall surface of the pores of the silica alumina catalyst.

  Thus, it is the simplest method to physically support Bacillus bacteria on a silica-alumina catalyst in this way, but there is no particular limitation to this method, and it is chemically (using a chemical bond) using a predetermined chemical. And a method of supporting it may be adopted.

<Waste treatment method>
The waste treatment method using the silica alumina catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. The following waste disposal method is mentioned as the simplest structure and the structure that can reliably obtain the decomposition efficiency.

  That is, in the waste treatment method of the present invention, a predetermined amount (input amount) of a processing object is charged into a processing unit filled with the silica alumina catalyst by a predetermined amount (filling amount); Stirring while contacting with the silica-alumina catalyst and maintaining the atmospheric temperature in the processing section at a predetermined temperature to maintain the object to be processed at a predetermined temperature; and intermittently moving a predetermined amino acid in the processing section Spraying a predetermined amount at a time.

  Here, since the Bacillus bacteria supported on the silica alumina catalyst correspond to the above-mentioned complex bacteria, when the waste treatment method is adopted, the complex bacteria proliferate remarkably using the material to be treated as a nutrient source, The workpiece is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. That is, the waste treatment method of the present invention employs a method similar to the method for growing the above-mentioned complex bacteria, thereby sufficiently utilizing the mutual degradation action of the complex bacteria and significantly improving the degradation efficiency. It is.

  Here, when the object to be treated is pulverized to a predetermined size in advance before being brought into contact with the silica alumina catalyst, the contact area with the silica alumina catalyst is increased, and the decomposition efficiency of the object to be treated is increased. Can be remarkably improved. For example, the object to be processed is appropriately crushed and chopped, and the size of the object to be processed is preferably in the range of 2.0 mm to 50.0 mm, for example.

  Further, the input amount of the object to be treated is preferably smaller than the filling amount of the silica alumina catalyst, and for example, within a range of 1/6 to 1/6 of the filling amount of the silica alumina catalyst. preferable. In other words, the filling amount of the silica-alumina catalyst is preferably in the range of 2 to 6 times the input amount of the workpiece. If comprised in this way, since the to-be-processed object will be decomposed | disassembled in the state covered with the silica alumina catalyst, the said decomposition | disassembly process will be accelerated | stimulated remarkably.

  In addition, the stirring may be performed by any method, and may be performed continuously or intermittently. The stirring speed and stirring time are appropriately changed in design according to the type and amount of the object to be processed. The stirring speed is preferably a relatively slow speed, and the stirring time is preferably in the range of 12 hours to 24 hours, for example, when the amount of the object to be processed is 20 kg.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the ambient temperature, the type of amino acid, and the predetermined amount to be sprayed are equivalent (corresponding) to the growth temperature, the type of amino acid, and the supply amount when the Bacillus bacterium described above is grown. If the atmosphere temperature is set higher than the growth temperature by a predetermined temperature (for example, a temperature within a range of 5 degrees to 10 degrees), the temperature of the silica-alumina catalyst (and the object to be processed) in the processing section is increased. Since it becomes equivalent to the said growth temperature, it is preferable.

  When the object to be treated is brought into contact with the silica-alumina catalyst, the atmospheric pressure (ambient pressure, decomposition pressure) may be any value (size) as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. The atmospheric pressure may be, for example, natural pressure (for example, standard atmospheric pressure 101.325 kPa), or may be pressurized or depressurized.

  The waste treatment method of the present invention may be either a batch type or a continuous type, but a continuous type is preferable because a large amount of objects to be treated can be decomposed continuously in a short time. In the case of the continuous type, for example, when a predetermined amount of processing object is supplied to the processing unit and the processing object is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by the silica alumina catalyst, Then, new workpieces will be supplied. Here, even if a substance that cannot be easily decomposed is contained in the object to be treated, it may be stirred for a long time (for example, 24 hours). In addition, since the decomposed water and carbon dioxide generally do not contain harmful components, they are discharged to the outside as they are.

<Processed material (waste)>
The decomposition target of the silica-alumina catalyst of the present invention is an object to be treated containing an organic substance (organic compound). Examples of the object to be treated include raw garbage, vegetable scraps, green soybeans, agar, cabbage core, bread, corn core, tofu, leeks, carrots, spinach, grilled buckwheat noodles, beef, pork, chicken, red tuna , Boiled, clam shell, cocoon shell, tangerine skin, apple skin, banana skin, tea leaf, pine fallen leaf, bamboo fragment, etc. In addition, the processed materials include vegetable scraps, fish meal, feces, artificially synthesized organic compounds such as polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, and vinyl chloride in agriculture / livestock industry or food processing manufacturing industry. Products, synthetic polymers, polystyrene foam, vegetable and fruit packs, towels, cotton wool, plastic petri dishes, plastic pipettes, egg packaging containers, tube containers, plastic bottles, packaging wraps, garbage bags, plastic bags, film containers, syringe packaging bags And negative films. Further, the processed material includes shellfish, shellfish, wood and other natural polymers, cellulose-containing packaging materials, milk packs, coffee filters, tapiks, fallen cherry leaves, bear leaves, bamboo skin, turf, copy Examples include paper, newspaper, cardboard, cigarette butts, wood chips, towels, absorbent cotton, mail packaging bags, plywood and disposable chopsticks.

  Further, the subject of decomposition of the silica-alumina catalyst of the present invention is not limited to a normal object to be treated, and in particular, the object to be treated may contain a radioactive substance such as cesium 134 or cesium 137. As will be described later, the silica-alumina catalyst of the present invention can remarkably reduce the intensity of radioactivity of the radioactive substance contained in the object to be treated.

<Waste treatment equipment>
The waste treatment apparatus using the silica-alumina catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. The following waste disposal apparatus is mentioned as the simplest structure and the structure which can obtain decomposition efficiency reliably. One embodiment of the most typical waste treatment apparatus will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a waste treatment apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a predetermined amount (input amount) of an object to be processed in a processing unit 2 filled with a predetermined amount (fill amount) of the silica alumina catalyst. A stirring unit 4 that is provided in the processing unit 2 and that stirs the object to be processed in contact with the silica-alumina catalyst, and an atmospheric temperature in the processing unit 2 is set to a predetermined temperature. By maintaining, a temperature control unit 5 that keeps the object to be processed at a predetermined temperature, and a supply unit 6 that sprays predetermined amino acids intermittently in predetermined amounts in the processing unit 2 are provided.

  The processing unit 2 is configured in a substantially rectangular shape, and an object to be processed is input into the inside through an input port 21 provided above the processing unit 2. The silica alumina catalyst is preliminarily filled in the processing unit 2 by a predetermined filling amount (for example, four times the amount of the object to be processed by weight ratio) corresponding to the amount of the object to be processed. (Not shown). Of course, the size of the processing section 2 is larger than the sum of the input amount of the object to be processed and the filling amount of the silica alumina catalyst.

  The input unit 3 includes a first conveyance unit 31 that mainly conveys the workpiece, a crushing unit 32 that crushes the workpiece conveyed from the first conveyance unit 31, and the crushed workpiece. And a second transport unit 33 that transports the product to the input port 21 of the processing unit 2.

  When the operator inputs the workpieces to the tray unit 31a, the first conveyor unit 31 conveys the workpieces input from the tray unit 31a to the input port 32a of the crushing unit 32 by the belt conveyor 31b ( Guide), and the workpiece is introduced (dropped) into the insertion port 32a. The crushing unit 32 cuts and crushes the object to be processed input from the input port 32 a with a cutter (not shown), and supplies the cut material to the input port 33 a of the second transport unit 33. The second transport unit 33 transports the crushed workpiece to the inlet 21 of the processing unit 2 by the bucket conveyor 33b and inputs it.

  The stirring unit 4 includes a rotating shaft 41 provided in the processing unit 2, a stirring blade 42 that radially protrudes from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 41, and a rotation control unit 43 that rotates the rotating shaft 41. With. The stirring blade 42 may have any shape, but protrudes radially outward from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 41, extends in a substantially vertical direction from the rotating shaft 41, and the tip thereof is the rotating shaft 41. It is a shape refracted substantially parallel to. The rotation speed of the rotation shaft 41 by the rotation control unit 43 may be any rotation speed, but is set within a relatively low rotation speed, for example, within a range of 0.01 rad / sec-1.00 rad / sec. .

  The temperature control unit 5 includes an electric heater 51 provided near the upper part in the processing unit 2, a temperature sensor 52 provided at a predetermined position in the processing unit 2, and a detected temperature of the temperature sensor 52. Correspondingly, a control unit 53 for supplying electric power to the electric heater 51 and controlling the heating is provided. In the control unit 53, a predetermined lower limit value (25 degrees, 35 degrees, 45 degrees, etc.) and an upper limit value (45 degrees, 50 degrees, 60 degrees, etc.) are preset in a predetermined memory, and the temperature sensor When the detected temperature of 52 is less than the lower limit value, the control unit 53 energizes and heats the electric heater 51, and when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 52 exceeds the upper limit value, the control unit 53 supplies the electric heater 51 to the electric heater 51. Stop energization and stop heating. In this way, the ambient temperature of the processing unit 2 is maintained within a predetermined temperature range.

  The supply unit 6 includes a nozzle 61 that sprays a predetermined amount of amino acid, a storage unit (not shown) that stores the amino acid supplied to the nozzle 61, and a spray control unit 62 that controls spraying of the nozzle 61. Is provided. The nozzle 61 is designed in advance so that a predetermined amount (10 ml, 30 ml, 50 ml, etc.) of amino acid is sprayed on the surface of the processing object 2 and the silica alumina catalyst. The spray control unit 62 has a built-in timer for measuring the elapsed time, and a spray time (0.5 minutes, 1.0 minute, etc.) corresponding to the spray and a stop corresponding to the spray stop. Time (1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, etc.) is preset in a predetermined memory. The spray control unit 62 continues spraying a predetermined amount of amino acid for a spray time using a timer, and when this is completed, spraying of the amino acid is stopped for a stop time. Since the spray control unit 62 repeatedly executes such spraying of amino acids and stopping the spraying, it becomes possible to intermittently supply amino acids to the object to be processed and the silica alumina catalyst. .

  Further, an exhaust port 22 for exhausting air containing carbon dioxide generated after decomposition of the object to be processed is provided in the vicinity of the upper portion of the processing unit 2, and the input air is cooled and the input air is cooled. A condenser 7 (a condenser, a heat exchanger, etc.) for returning moisture contained in the air to the processing unit 2 is provided. The condenser 7 is configured such that air that cannot be cooled is discharged to a subsequent filter 8 (hepa filter), and the liquefied water is returned to the processing unit 2 via an ion exchange resin (not shown). As a result, even if a harmful substance is contained in the decomposed air, the harmful substance is included in the moisture and removed, so there is no possibility that the harmful substance is discharged to the outside.

  The filter 8 is configured to further remove harmful substances contained in the exhausted air, and the removed air is heated and extinguished by a heating and deodorizing unit 9 provided after the filter 8. It smells and is exhausted to the outside. Thereby, it becomes possible to discharge the air generated by decomposing the object to be processed to the outside as completely detoxified air.

  In addition, a discharge unit (not shown) for discharging water and residue (non-decomposable substance) after decomposition of the internal processing object is provided in the vicinity of the lower part of the processing unit 2 in advance. The water and residue can be discharged in a timely manner according to the amount of decomposition. Furthermore, an openable / closable opening / closing section for exchanging the silica alumina catalyst is provided at a predetermined position of the processing section 2.

  Further, the internal pressure of the processing unit 2 does not need to be adjusted unless it obstructs the object of the present invention, and is a natural pressure. However, if necessary, a pressure sensor and a pressure control unit are additionally provided, You may comprise so that the internal pressure of a process part may be adjusted within the range of a predetermined pressure.

  The above is the description of one embodiment of the most typical waste treatment apparatus. The condenser 7, the filter 8, the heating and deodorizing unit 9, etc. may or may not be provided.

  In addition, although the process part 2 of the waste disposal apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is comprised by the tank type (batch type), unless the objective of this invention is inhibited, there is no limitation in particular, It is continuous using a screw etc. It may be an expression. Moreover, although the process part 2 of the waste disposal apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is made into one tank, unless the objective of this invention is inhibited, there is no limitation in particular, According to the decomposition | disassembly capability of the silica alumina catalyst of the process part 2 The plurality of processing units 2 may be connected in series or in parallel, or may be a multistage processing unit 2.

<Examples>
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the application of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Preparation of silica-alumina catalyst>
Soil fungi (Bacillus bacteria) were collected from the soil of a specific field in the Kansai region, and the Bacillus bacteria were put into a cell solution (medium) (500 ml) and put into a predetermined incubator. The growth temperature of the incubator is set to be within a range of 35 degrees to 45 degrees, and 30 ml of amino acid (commercial barley shochu, commercial vinegar and commercial brown sugar is 1: A distillation residue obtained by distilling and concentrating the mixed solution mixed at 1: 1 was fed intermittently every 2 hours. The supply was repeated for about three months to grow the soil fungus. In addition, the said amino acid was the same also in the distillation residual liquid which distilled and concentrated the liquid mixture which mixed commercially available shochu shochu, commercially available vinegar, and commercially available sugar 1: 1: 1.

  Next, 20 kg of a spherical and porous silica-alumina catalyst prepared in advance is added to 50 kg of the bacterial cell liquid containing the grown Bacillus bacteria, and all the bacterial cell liquids penetrate and absorb into the silica-alumina catalyst. And allowed to stand for several days to allow Bacillus bacteria to be supported on the silica-alumina catalyst.

Here, as the silica alumina catalyst, the content of SiO ₂ is 42% by weight, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ is 14% by weight, and the content of CaO is 38% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the silica alumina catalyst. A total amount of the three components was 94% by weight, a silica alumina catalyst having a porosity of 54% and an average pore diameter of 85 μm was used. The sphere diameter is 3 mm.

<Decomposition treatment and measured values of silica-alumina catalyst>
Using the silica alumina catalyst obtained above and the waste treatment apparatus 1 shown in FIG.

  First, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, 50 kg of the silica alumina catalyst according to the present invention was previously filled in the treatment unit 2 and the stirring blade 42 of the stirring unit 4 was set to be slowly stirred. The stirring speed of the stirring unit 4 is a stirring speed that can be followed by human eyes (for example, 0.1 rad / sec). Further, the temperature control unit 5 is set so that the atmospheric temperature in the processing unit 2 is maintained at about 52 ° C., and the supply unit 6 is set to 20 ml-50 ml of amino acids (sucrose shochu and brown sugar shochu every 3 hours). (Distillation residue combined) was sprayed (supplied). In addition, by setting the atmospheric temperature to be maintained at about 52 degrees, the temperature of the workpiece (and the silica alumina catalyst) to be charged can be maintained from 35 degrees to 45 degrees.

  Next, rice straw and cow dung collected in the vicinity of Fukushima Prefecture are prepared as the objects to be treated (waste), and these are input to rice through the input part 3 of the waste treatment apparatus 1. 20 kg of salmon and 30 kg of cow dung were added twice in 24 hours (once every about 12 hours), and the remaining volume reduction rate of the processed material was visually confirmed. Here, the volume reduction residual rate is the extent to which the volume reduction residual rate at the time when the object to be processed (rice straw, cow dung) is added is 100% and the object to be processed is reduced (decomposed) based on this. It is the ratio which shows.

  As a result of driving the waste treatment apparatus for 24 hours to bring the treatment object into contact with the silica-alumina catalyst and performing the decomposition treatment, the volume reduction residual rate of the treatment object of rice straw and cow dung after 24 hours is Both were about 1%. Thereby, in this invention, it is understood that a to-be-processed object can be decomposed | disassembled in a short time.

  Further, using a radiation dose measuring device (Radi (PA-100) manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho), the radiation dose of air sucked into the treatment unit 2 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention (first radiation dose), and Radiation dose of rice straw (second radiation dose) input to the waste treatment apparatus 1, radiation dose of cow dung (third radiation dose), and discharge from the heating and deodorizing unit 9 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 The amount of air radiation (fourth radiation dose) was measured.

  As a result, the first radiation dose is about 0.495 μSv / h, the second radiation dose is about 2.425 μSv / h, the third radiation dose is about 1.169 μSv / h, The radiation dose was about 0.484 μSv / h. Thereby, the radiation dose of the air discharged from the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention is equivalent to the radiation dose of the air entering the waste treatment apparatus 1, and further, radiation several times larger than the radiation dose of air. It will be understood that even if a material to be treated (rice straw, cow dung) having an amount is put into the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention, it was not released to the outside at all. Therefore, the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention decomposes and reduces the volume of the object to be processed in a short time, and does not release the radioactive substance to the outside even if the object to be processed contains a radioactive substance. It is understood that the waste disposal apparatus 1 is extremely safe.

  Furthermore, for 5 days, 20 kg of rice straw described above is input to the processing unit 2 every day, and 30 kg of the cow dung described above is input only once, so that the waste processing apparatus 1 of the present invention is the first time. It was driven continuously for 7 days after the introduction of rice straw and cow dung. That is, 20 kg of rice straw and a total of 30 kg of cow dung were added to the processing unit 2 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention for a total of 7 days. Of course, even during that period, rice straw and cow dung that were introduced after the first time are continuously decomposed into water and carbon dioxide.

  After 7 days have passed, rice straw, cow dung, silica alumina catalyst (bacteria bed) after treatment in the treatment unit 2, before decomposition into the treatment unit 2 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention, after decomposition in the treatment unit 2 Each of the residues, the supernatant liquid after decomposition, and the intensity of water present after passing through the filter 8 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 were measured by requesting a predetermined environmental analysis center.

  As a result, the radioactivity intensity of rice straw was 39000 Bq / kg for cesium 134 and 50000 Bq / kg for cesium 137, and the radioactivity intensity of cow dung was 1000 Bq / kg for cesium 134 and 1300 Bq / kg for cesium 137. kg. Here, as described above, 20 kg of rice straw is put into the processing unit 2 only 7 times in total and 30 kg of cow dung is put in total 3 times, so that the radioactive substances contained in the rice straw and cow dung are not decomposed. In the processing unit 2, radioactive substances of (50000 Bq / kg + 39000 Bq / kg) × 7 times + (1000 Bq / kg + 1300 Bq / kg) × 3 times = 629900 Bq / kg should be accumulated.

  On the other hand, the activity of the silica alumina catalyst after the treatment in the treatment unit 2 is 3800 Bq / kg for cesium 134 and 4900 Bq / kg for cesium 137, and the activity of the residue after decomposition is The cesium 134 was 2100 Bq / kg, the cesium 137 was 2700 Bq / kg, and the radioactivity of the supernatant after decomposition was 980 Bq / kg for cesium 134 and 1400 Bq / kg for cesium 137. As is clear from these results, it is understood that the radioactivity intensity of the radioactive substance in the processing unit 2 is remarkably reduced. Furthermore, surprisingly, the radioactivity intensity of water present after passing through the filter 8 was “not detected” (below the detection limit) with cesium 134 and “not detected” with cesium 137.

  As a result, the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention not only decomposes and reduces the volume of the object to be treated in a short time, but also significantly reduces the intensity of radioactivity of the radioactive material contained in the object to be treated. It will be understood that the object to be processed can be made substantially harmless.

  The components of the supernatant after the decomposition were measured by requesting a predetermined water quality analysis center. The water quality (conductivity) was 2000 μS / cm or more, the pH was 6.5, and the Ca concentration was 407 mg / L, the total hardness was 55.8 mg / L, the nitric acid-derived nitrogen concentration was 5 mg / L or more, and the silica concentration was 100 mg / L or more. From this result, it is understood that the Ca concentration is remarkably high. When the Bacillus bacterium of the silica-alumina catalyst decomposes an object to be treated containing cesium 134 and cesium 137, the inventor promotes the decay of the cesium 134 and cesium 137 into barium and calcium, thereby increasing the radioactivity. I guess that has reduced.

  As described above, in the present invention, a predetermined growth is repeated by repeatedly supplying a predetermined amino acid by a predetermined supply amount at a predetermined growth temperature to a bacterial liquid containing Bacillus bacteria that are soil bacteria collected from soil. The porous silica-alumina catalyst is impregnated with the cultivated Bacillus bacteria solution for a period, and the silica-alumina catalyst carrying the Bacillus is used as a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment. Thereby, while being able to decompose | disassemble a to-be-processed object into water and a carbon dioxide, it becomes possible to reduce remarkably the radioactivity intensity | strength of the radioactive substance contained in the said to-be-processed object.

  Further, in the present invention, a step of adding a predetermined amount of the object to be processed into the processing portion filled with a predetermined amount of the silica alumina catalyst, agitating while the object to be processed is in contact with the silica alumina catalyst, A waste treatment comprising: maintaining an atmosphere temperature in a processing unit at a predetermined temperature to maintain the object to be processed at a predetermined temperature; and spraying a predetermined amino acid intermittently in predetermined amounts in the processing unit The method can be adopted. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effects as described above.

  In the present invention, a processing unit filled with a predetermined amount of the silica-alumina catalyst is charged with a predetermined amount of processing object, and is provided in the processing unit, and the processing object is the silica-alumina catalyst. A stirring unit that stirs while contacting, a temperature control unit that maintains the processing object at a predetermined temperature by maintaining an atmospheric temperature in the processing unit at a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined amino acid in the processing unit intermittently It is possible to employ a waste treatment apparatus including a supply unit that sprays a predetermined amount. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effects as described above.

  As described above, the silica-alumina catalyst according to the present invention is useful also in a waste treatment apparatus used in various fields such as industry, agriculture, and fishery, and can decompose a material to be treated in a short time. It is effective as a silica-alumina catalyst for waste treatment, a waste treatment method using the same, and a waste treatment apparatus capable of remarkably reducing the intensity of radioactivity of the radioactive material contained in the treatment object. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste processing apparatus 2 Processing part 3 Input part 4 Stirring part 5 Temperature control part 6 Supply part 7 Condensing part 8 Filter 9 Heating deodorizing part

Claims (7)

In silica alumina catalyst for waste treatment,
Repeat to supply only intermittently predetermined supply quantity a given amino acid at a predetermined growth temperature in bacteria fluids containing Bacillus bacteria is soil bacterium collected from soil and grown predetermined rearing period, is the supply As an amino acid to be used, a distillate obtained by distilling and concentrating a mixed solution of shochu, vinegar and sugar is used to impregnate a porous silica-alumina catalyst with a bacterial cell solution of the grown Bacillus bacterium, so that the Bacillus Silica alumina catalyst carrying bacteria. The silica alumina catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the growth temperature is in a range of 25 degrees to 50 degrees. The silica-alumina catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amino acid is intermittently supplied at any time interval of 0.5 hours to 6 hours. The silica-alumina catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a single amino acid supply amount is in a range of 30 ml to 50 ml with respect to 1000 ml of the bacterial cell liquid. The silica-alumina catalyst contains 40 to 45% by weight of SiO2, 13 to 17% by weight of Al2O3 and 36 to 45% by weight of CaO with respect to 100% by weight of the silica-alumina catalyst. The silica-alumina catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the total of the three components contained is 89 to 100% by weight. In the waste disposal method using the silica alumina catalyst as described in any one of Claims 1-5 ,
Charging a predetermined amount of an object to be processed into a processing unit filled with the silica alumina catalyst by a predetermined amount;
Stirring the object to be treated in contact with the silica-alumina catalyst and maintaining the object temperature at a predetermined temperature by maintaining an atmospheric temperature in the processing unit at a predetermined temperature;
Spraying a predetermined amount of a predetermined amino acid into the processing unit intermittently in a predetermined amount. In the waste processing apparatus using the silica alumina catalyst as described in any one of Claims 1-5 ,
A charging unit for charging a predetermined amount of an object to be processed into a processing unit filled with the silica alumina catalyst by a predetermined amount;
A stirring unit that is provided in the processing unit and stirs while the object to be processed is in contact with the silica alumina catalyst;
A temperature control unit for maintaining the processing object at a predetermined temperature by maintaining an atmospheric temperature in the processing unit at a predetermined temperature;
A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a supply unit that intermittently sprays a predetermined amount of a predetermined amino acid into the processing unit.

Images