JP5482058B2 - Performance learning device and performance learning processing program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a performance learning apparatus and a performance learning processing program used for performance learning.

Conventionally, it has been known that it is better to learn directly from a teacher who is skilled in performance than to perform using a performance operator instructed in accordance with a song to be automatically played. This is because teaching directly from the teacher can change the performance mode freely according to the skill of the person performing the performance, and can give more precise lessons such as giving appropriate advice.
However, according to this method, it is necessary to prepare performance devices for teachers and students, which can be put into practical use only in dedicated locations such as classrooms and difficult to use in ordinary homes.

  Therefore, if the performance operator group provided in one performance device is divided into two, and one of the divided performance operator groups is operated, the operation operator of the other performance operator group is operated. There has been proposed a performance learning device that can instruct an operator having a predetermined pitch relationship with a performance operation (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3586754

However, it is clear that no matter how much the teacher is on the side, it is almost impossible for a beginner to perform along with the teacher's performance.
In particular, if the student is a complete beginner, it may be difficult to match the timing of operating the teacher's performance operator at the beginning. If performance practice is performed in such a situation, a performance completely different from the performance of the teacher will be performed.
In the conventional apparatus, the musical sound is generated by the student's own performance. This is important when listening to your own performance, but if you are too far from the model performance by the teacher, there is a higher probability of losing motivation.
There are also students who get frozen by the teacher without playing. This is presumed to be due to the psychology of not wanting to hear unskilled performances, but if the students do not perform themselves, performance learning will not proceed at all.
In this way, there are many cases where performance lessons do not go smoothly even if the teacher is on the side.
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and is intended to enable even a beginner to perform effective performance lessons according to their level and progress. Objective.

The performance learning apparatus of the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and a performance operation means comprising a plurality of performance operators arranged in pitch order, and a performance in at least one region of the performance operation means. Each time the performance operator in the other area of the performance operation means is operated, the guide means arranged corresponding to each of the operation elements and guiding the corresponding operation element and the performance operation means operated. An instruction control means for instructing the corresponding performance operator by operating the guide means corresponding to the performance operator in one region of the performance operation means, and having a predetermined relationship with the operator; Each time operation of the performance operator in the other area is started, a musical tone having a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator and corresponding to the performance operator in the one area Sound source connected to the occurrence of Each time the performance operator in the other area is instructed, it has a predetermined relationship with the performance operator for which the operation has been completed and corresponds to the performance operator in the one area. When the operation of the first sound generation instruction means for instructing the sound source to mute the musical tone to be sounded and the performance operator in the one area is started, the performance operator in the other area is operated. Only when it is determined that it is being operated by the determining means, and in response to the operation of the performance operator in the other area, Instructing the sound source to generate a musical tone having the same pitch as the musical tone being played, and operating the one area regardless of whether or not the performance operator in the other area is operated When the operation of the performance controls in the To have a mute of a musical tone has a second sounding instruction means for instructing the sound source.

The performance learning process program of the present invention is arranged corresponding to each of the performance operation means composed of a plurality of performance operators arranged in pitch order, and the performance operators in at least one region of the performance operation means. Each time a performance operator in the other region of the performance operation means is operated on a computer used as a performance learning apparatus having a guide means for guiding the corresponding operation element, the operation is performed. An instruction control step for instructing the corresponding performance operator by operating the guide means corresponding to the performance operator in one region of the performance operation means, having a predetermined relationship with the performance operator. And each time the operation of the performance operator in the other area is started, it has a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator and corresponds to the performance operator in the one area. Each time the performance operator in the other area is finished, it has a predetermined relationship with the finished performance operator. And a first sound generation instruction step for instructing the sound source to mute a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the performance operator in the one area, and the operation of the performance operator in the one area is started. A determination step for determining whether or not the performance operator in the other area is being operated, and a determination that the performance operator in the other area is being operated Only instructing the sound source to generate a musical tone having the same pitch as that of the musical tone being generated in response to the operation of the performance operator in the other region, and in the other region regardless of the presence or absence of the operation of the performance operator, before being operated A second sounding instruction step of instructing the mute of a musical tone in which the operation of the performance operators in one region is the sound when it is terminated to the sound source, thereby to execute.

The present invention is configured such that a musical tone is generated only when the performance operator is operated in accordance with the performance operation timing of the teacher, regardless of which performance operator is operated by the student. Therefore, even if the student is a complete beginner, any musical operation element is operated in accordance with the performance operation timing of the teacher anyway, and the same musical tone as the teacher's performance is generated. As a result, the most basic performance operation timing can be acquired.
As described above, since the performance by the student is pronounced only in a portion that matches the performance of the teacher, the pronunciation by the erroneous performance is not made. For this reason, there is no need to be embarrassed when asked by other people, and the desire to perform performance lessens.
And in this invention, when this performance operation timing can be acquired one by one, in addition to this, the performance learning which operates a correct performance operator will be performed. In this way, an accurate performance lesson according to the skill level of performance is performed.
Furthermore, even if performance learning according to such proficiency level is performed, in the present invention, the teacher only needs to perform the music to be learned without changing the performance form. Therefore, the teacher can learn for a long time without burden of changing the difficulty level of performance while watching the performance status of the students.

1 is an external plan view of an electronic keyboard instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a block block diagram of the same electronic musical instrument. It is a flowchart which shows a general flow. It is a flowchart which shows the content of SW processing. It is a flowchart which shows the content of a keyboard process. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the keyboard process following FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the navigation process. It is a flowchart which shows the content of SW processing in 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the keyboard process in 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of keyboard processing following FIG. 9. FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of keyboard processing following FIG. 9. FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the first embodiment, the performance learning apparatus of the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument, and the electronic keyboard instrument has a musical instrument main body 1 having an external configuration shown in FIG.

  The musical instrument body 1 is provided with a keyboard 2 as a group of performance operators and various function switches (not shown) such as a mode SW for selectively setting a normal mode and a learning mode. It has been. The keyboard 2 is provided with a plurality of keys arranged in order of pitch and corresponding to key numbers from “0” to a predetermined value, and each key has a key switch that is turned on when the key is pressed. .

  In the learning mode, the keyboard 2 is split into the student key range 2A from the key number “0” to the predetermined key number “SP” and the teacher key range 2B on the high frequency side of the key number “SP”. Is done. The student key area 2A is provided with a navigator 3, and the navigator 3 is composed of a plurality of LEDs arranged corresponding to each key of the student key area 2A. The region from the key number “0” to the key number “SP” has a sound range of at least 2 octaves.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument to which the present embodiment is applied. In this block diagram, operation information such as the function switch is taken into the CPU 5 from the panel switch unit 4.

  The CPU 5 operates based on input information from the panel switch unit 4 and the keyboard 2 and a program stored in the ROM 6 and uses all the processing necessary for the electronic keyboard instrument while using the RAM 7 as a work area. Execute. That is, the CPU 5 controls the driver 8 and the sound source 9 by executing processing according to a flow described later.

  The driver 8 blinks and drives the LEDs constituting the navigator 3 according to an instruction from the CPU 5, and the sound source 9 generates a musical sound signal according to the pitch data given from the CPU 5. This musical sound signal is sent to a sound system (not shown) and emitted.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment according to the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG. The CPU 5 starts the operation according to the flow shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and first executes initialization processing (SA1) to clear various registers or set predetermined initial values. Subsequently, SW processing (SA2), keyboard processing (SA3), and navigation processing (SA4), which will be described later, are executed, and other processing (SA5) other than these is executed, and while the power is on, SA2 Repeat the loop of ~ SA5.

  The switch process (SA2) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 4, and it is determined based on the input information from the panel switch unit 4 whether any one of the function switches has been operated (SB1). If any one of the function switches is operated, it is identified whether or not it is the mode SW (SB2). If it is not the mode SW, other SW processing corresponding to the operated function switch ( SB3) is executed.

  When the mode SW is operated, it is determined whether or not the learning mode is set by this operation (SB4), and when the learning mode is set, the navigation flag NF is set (SB5). However, when the normal mode is set without setting the learning mode, the navigation flag NF is reset (SB6). Therefore, the navigation flag NF indicates that the learning mode is set by “1”, and the normal mode is set by “0”.

The keyboard process (SA3) is performed according to the flow shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. First, an initial value “0” is set in the key number register KN (SC1). Next, based on the operation information from the keyboard 2, it is determined whether the key of the key number corresponding to the value of KN is in an on (key press), off (key release), or no change state ( SC2).
If the key of the key number corresponding to the value of KN is in the ON state, it is determined whether or not the navigation flag NF is set (SC3). If it is determined that the navigation flag NF = 0 and the normal mode is set, a note-on event is created based on the pitch data corresponding to KN. This note-on event is sent to the sound source 9 (SC4). As a result, the sound source 9 generates a musical tone signal in accordance with the pitch data, and a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key number of the pressed key is generated.

  Subsequently, after incrementing the value of the key number register KN (SC5), it is determined whether or not the value of the key number register KN is equal to or greater than a predetermined maximum number (the value of the key number corresponding to the highest pitch key). (SC6), and the process from SC2 is repeated until KN> the maximum number.

  If the result of determination in SC2 is that the key of the key number corresponding to the value of KN is in the OFF state, the process proceeds from SC2 to SC7 in FIG. Determine. As a result of this determination, if the navigation flag NF = 0 and the normal mode is set, a note-off event is created based on the pitch data corresponding to KN. This note-on event is sent to the sound source 9 (SC8). As a result, the sound source 9 stops generating the tone signal corresponding to KN, and the tone corresponding to KN is muted. Therefore, in the normal mode in which NF = 0, the entire key range of the keyboard 2 functions as a normal key for generating and muting a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the operated key.

However, when the key specified by the value of KN is in the depressed state and the result of discrimination in SC3 is NF = 1 and the learning mode is set, the process proceeds from SC3 to SC9, and the value of KN is SP. It is determined whether it is larger than (see FIG. 1). As a result of the determination, if KN> SP and the key pressing state is generated in the teacher key area 2B in the learning mode, the teacher flag TF is first set to “1” (SC10). Subsequently, a value obtained by subtracting 2 octaves, that is, 24 keys from KN is stored in TKN as the key number of the key depression in the teacher key area 2B (SC11). Then, a note-on event based on the pitch data corresponding to the key number stored in this TKN is created and sent to the sound source 9 (SC12). As a result, the tone generator 9 generates a musical tone having a pitch shifted by two octaves from the actual key depression.
After this process, the process proceeds to SC5.

If it is determined in SC9 that the value of KN is the same as or smaller than SP, the process proceeds to SC13 to determine whether the teacher flag TF is “1”. If it is determined that it is “1”, that is, if there is a key press in the teacher key range 2B at almost the same timing as the key press timing in the student key range 2A, the process proceeds to SC12. The sound source 9 is instructed to generate a musical sound based on pitch data corresponding to the key number stored in the TKN.
On the other hand, if “0” is determined, that is, at the timing when the key is pressed in the student key range 2A, if there is no key press in the teacher key range 2B, the process passes SC12 and proceeds to SC5. For this reason, no sound is produced by key depression in the student key range 2B.
Thus, if the key is pressed in the student key range 2A at almost the same timing as the key press timing in the teacher key range 2B, the musical tone having the same pitch as the key pressed in the teacher key range 2B is obtained. Is generated from the sound source 9, but no musical sound is generated even if a key is pressed in the student key area 2A at other timings.

On the other hand, if the key specified by the value of KN is in the released state and the result of discrimination in SC7 is a value other than NF = 0 and the learning mode is set, the process proceeds from SC8 to SC14, and the value of KN is changed. It is determined whether or not it is larger than SP. As a result of the determination, if it is determined that KN> SP, that is, if there is a key release in the teacher side key range 2B, is this KN value the same as the value obtained by adding “24” to the TKN value? It is determined whether or not (SC15).
In other words, the value of TKN, which is the key number corresponding to the pitch of the musical tone that is currently sounding, is 2 octaves lower than the key number of the key that is actually pressed. That is, by adding the values for two octaves, it is determined whether or not the actually pressed key has been released.

If YES is determined here, TF is first reset to “0” (SC16), and a note-off event based on pitch data corresponding to the key number stored in TKN is created and sent to the sound source 9 ( SC17), the process proceeds to SC5 in FIG. If NO is determined, the process proceeds to SC5 in FIG.
Therefore, in the learning mode in which NF = 1, the student key area 2A functions as a normal key for generating and muting a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the operated key, as in the normal mode described above.

  The navigation process (SA4) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 7, and it is determined whether or not the teacher flag TF is set (SD1). This TF is set in SC13 in FIG. 6 described above in a state where a key is pressed in the teacher key area 2B in the training mode. If TF = 1 and a key is pressed in the teacher key area 2B in the learning mode, the LED corresponding to TKN is turned on (SD2).

  Therefore, each time the key is pressed in the teacher's key range 2B in the training mode by the processing of SD2, the navigator 3 that designates the key of the student key range 2A that is two octaves lower than this key press. LED lights up. Therefore, the student who is practicing in the student key area 2A indicates the key to be pressed in the student key area 2A.

  As a result of the determination in SD1, if TF = 0 and a key release operation is performed in the teacher key area 2B in the training mode and the TF is reset, the light emitting LED is turned off. (SD3).

In this way, a student playing using the student key range 2A can perform the same performance as the teacher as long as the key is pressed at the same timing as the point playing using the teacher key range 2B. it can. As a result, the student can first learn the timing of key press / release.
Moreover, even if the student presses the key at a timing different from that of the teacher, no musical sound is generated thereby, so that the student does not hear the wrong performance sound. As a result, the immaturity of his / her performance is not exposed to others, and the motivation is not lost.

  In the embodiment, the navigation 3 is composed of a plurality of LEDs. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a corresponding key may be displayed on the LCD.

(Embodiment 2)
Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the first embodiment described above, a student who uses the student key area 2A needs to press the key at the same timing as that of the teacher who performs using the teacher key area 2B. Even if any key in 2A is pressed, a musical tone having the same pitch as that of the teacher is generated. However, in the second embodiment, after it is determined that the student has mastered the key pressing timing to some extent. The musical tone is generated only when the key corresponding to the key pressed by the teacher, specifically, the key at a position two octaves lower is pressed.
As a result, a higher performance practice can be automatically performed in accordance with the proficiency level of the student.

  The second embodiment is partially different from the first embodiment in the contents of SW processing and keyboard processing. Hereinafter, only different parts will be described, and the same processes as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the SW process in the second embodiment. Based on the input information from the panel switch unit 4, it is determined whether any one of the function switches has been operated (SB1). If any one of the function switches is operated, it is identified whether or not it is the mode SW (SB2). If it is not the mode SW, other SW processing corresponding to the operated function switch ( SB3) is executed.
If it is determined that the mode SW has been operated, the process proceeds from SB2 to SB7, and it is determined which mode is set. If it is determined that the normal mode for performing normal performance is not set here, the process proceeds to SB6, where NF is set to “0”, and the learning 1 is the same learning mode as in the first embodiment. If it is determined that the mode is set, NF is set to “1” (SB5).
If it is determined that the training 2 mode is set, NF is set to “2” (SB4).
When these series of processes are finished, the SW process is finished.

9 and 10 show flowcharts of keyboard processing according to the second embodiment.
First, in FIG. 9, when NF is “1” (SC3), that is, when the key is pressed in the student key area 2A in the learning 1 mode (SC9), the process proceeds to SC13. Then, it is determined whether or not TF is “1”, that is, whether or not the key is pressed in the teacher key area 2B at this timing.
Here, when the key is pressed in the teacher key area 2B and TF is “1”, the process proceeds to SC18 to increment the value of the register C. Conversely, if no key is pressed and TF is “1”, the process proceeds to SC19 to decrement the value in register C.

  After the process of SC18 or 19, it is determined whether or not the value of the register C exceeds a predetermined value (SC20). If it is determined that it has exceeded, NF is changed to “2”, that is, the learning 2 mode (SC21), and the process proceeds to SC12. On the contrary, if it is not exceeded, the process proceeds directly to the process of SC12 without proceeding to SC21.

On the other hand, if it is determined in SC3 that NF is not “1”, the process proceeds to FIG. 10 to determine whether or not NF is “2” (SC22). If it is determined that NF is not “2”, that is, “0”, the process proceeds to SC4 in FIG.
If it is determined that NF is “2”, the process proceeds to SC23, where it is determined whether KN> SP.

If YES is determined here, the process proceeds to SC12 in FIG. 9 without doing anything.
On the other hand, if NO is determined, the process proceeds to SC24 to determine whether or not TF is “1”, that is, whether or not the key is pressed in the teacher key area 2B. If it is determined that the key is pressed, the key number obtained by pressing the key in the teacher key area 2B and the key number obtained by pressing the key in the student key area 2A are stored. It is determined whether or not the value matches the value of KN (SC25).
Here, if the position of the key pressed in the student key range 2A is exactly two octaves lower than the key pressed in the teacher key range 2B, the determination in SC25 is YES, and the process proceeds to SC26. The value of the register C used to determine the proficiency level of the student is incremented.
On the other hand, if the determination at SC24 or SC25 is NO, the value of register C is decremented (SC27).

After the processing of SC26 or SC27, it is determined whether or not the value of the register C is within a predetermined value (SC28). If this determination is YES, NF is returned to "1" (SC29). That is, the learning 2 mode is returned to the learning 1 mode, and then the process proceeds to SC12 in FIG.
On the other hand, if the determination in SC28 is NO, the process proceeds to SC12 in FIG.

  As a result of the determination at SC2 in FIG. 9, if the key of the key number corresponding to the value of KN is in the off state, the process proceeds from SC2 to SC7 in FIG. Is determined. As a result of this determination, if the navigation flag NF = 0 and the normal mode is set, a note-off event is created based on the pitch data corresponding to KN. This note-on event is sent to the sound source 9 (SC8). As a result, the sound source 9 stops generating the tone signal corresponding to KN, and the tone corresponding to KN is muted. Therefore, in the normal mode in which NF = 0, the entire key range of the keyboard 2 functions as a normal key for generating and muting a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the operated key.

On the other hand, if the key designated by the value of KN is in the released state and the result of discrimination in SC7 is a value other than NF = 0 and the learning mode is set, the process proceeds from SC7 to SC14, and the value of KN is changed. It is determined whether or not it is larger than SP. As a result of the determination, if it is determined that KN> SP, that is, if there is a key release in the teacher side key range 2B, is this KN value the same as the value obtained by adding “24” to the TKN value? It is determined whether or not (SC15).
In other words, the value of TKN, which is the key number corresponding to the pitch of the musical tone that is currently sounding, is 2 octaves lower than the key number of the key that is actually pressed. That is, by adding the values for two octaves, it is determined whether or not the actually pressed key has been released.

If YES is determined here, TF is first reset to “0” (SC16), and a note-off event based on pitch data corresponding to the key number stored in TKN is created and sent to the sound source 9 ( SC17), the process proceeds to SC5 in FIG. If NO is determined, the process proceeds to SC5 in FIG.
Therefore, in the learning mode in which NF = 1 and 2, as in the normal mode described above, the student key area 2A functions as a normal key for generating and muting a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the operated key.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, in the first stage where the level of proficiency of the students playing in the student key range 2A is low, the performance practice is performed in the learning 1 mode in which the timing of the key pressing with the teacher is matched. Let it be done. When the proficiency level rises and the key-pressing timing can be adjusted, the practice mode automatically shifts to the learning 2 mode, where the teacher presses not only the timing but also the key position to be pressed according to the teacher. I was allowed to do it. Thus, since it can be made to shift automatically to the performance practice form according to the proficiency level of the student, more efficient performance practice is possible. Until now, such changes in practice depended on the teacher's judgment, but it was automatically changed according to the student's level of proficiency, reducing the burden on the teacher.

  In the second embodiment, the type of the hand is indicated by the light emission color of the LED, but the instruction may be given by other instruction forms such as blinking and lighting.

2 Keyboard 3 Navigator 4 Panel switch section 5 CPU
6 ROM
8 Driver

Claims (3)

Performance operation means comprising a plurality of performance operators arranged in pitch order;
Guide means arranged corresponding to each of the performance operators in at least one region of the performance operation means, and guiding the corresponding operator,
Each time one of the performance operators in the other area of the performance operation means is operated, the performance operator in the one area of the performance operation means has a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator. Instruction control means for instructing the corresponding performance operator by operating the guide means corresponding to the operator;
Each time operation of the performance operator in the other area is started, a musical tone having a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator and corresponding to the performance operator in the one area Each time the operation of the performance operator in the other area is finished, and the one of the ones has a predetermined relationship with the performance operator for which the operation has been completed. First sound generation instruction means for instructing the sound source to mute musical tones corresponding to performance operators in the area;
A discriminating means for discriminating whether or not the performance operator in the other area is being operated when the operation of the performance operator in the one area is started;
Only when it is determined that it is being operated by this determination means, has the same pitch as the tone of the musical sound that is generated corresponding to the operation of the performance operator in the other area. Instructing the sound source to generate a musical tone, and when the operation of the performance operator in the one area being operated is terminated regardless of whether or not the performance operator in the other area is operated Second sound generation instruction means for instructing the sound source to mute the sound that is being generated;
A performance learning apparatus.   2. The pitch corresponding to each performance operator in one area of the performance operation means and the pitch corresponding to each performance operator in the other area are in a predetermined octave relationship. Performance learning device. Performance operation means comprising a plurality of performance operators arranged in pitch order, and guide means arranged corresponding to each of the performance operators in at least one region of the performance operation means and guiding the corresponding operation elements In a computer used as a performance learning device having,
Each time one of the performance operators in the other area of the performance operation means is operated, the performance operator in the one area of the performance operation means has a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator. An instruction control step for instructing the corresponding performance operator by operating the guide means corresponding to the operator;
Each time operation of the performance operator in the other area is started, a musical tone having a predetermined relationship with the operated performance operator and corresponding to the performance operator in the one area of instructs the connected sound generation, every time the operation of the performance operators of the other area is completed, and the one having the terminated performance operators and a predetermined relationship between the operation A first sound generation instruction step for instructing the sound source to mute a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to a performance operator in the area;
A determination step of determining whether or not the performance operator in the other region is being operated when the operation of the performance operator in the one region is started;
Only when it is determined that the performance operator in the other area is being operated, the pitch of the musical sound that is generated in response to the operation of the performance operator in the other area The sound source is instructed to generate a musical tone having the same pitch , and the operation operator in the one area being operated is operated regardless of the presence or absence of the operation operator in the other area. A second sounding instruction step for instructing the sound source to mute the sounding sound when it is finished;
A performance learning program that executes

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