JP3912210B2 - Musical instruments and performance assist devices - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a musical instrument and a performance assisting device that include a plurality of performance operators, such as trumpet and horn, and that determines the pitch of a generated musical sound in accordance with a combination of operations of the plurality of performance operators.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, musical instruments that electronically generate musical sounds have been introduced by simulating the performance of wind instruments, which are natural instruments such as saxophones and recorders. This type of instrument, like wind instruments such as saxophones and recorders, has a plurality of performance operators that are pressed by the performer, and the pitch of the generated musical sound is determined according to the pressing operation of the plurality of performance operators. It has come to be.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the natural wind instrument or electronic musical instrument as described above, the fingering determination for the performance operator is relatively easy. However, wind instruments such as trumpet and horn are a little complicated because the pitch of the generated musical tone is determined mainly by the combination of the pressing operation of the three-piston operator. That is, it is difficult to perform a smooth musical instrument performance as compared to an instrument that operates one operator (one key) for determining one note, such as a keyboard instrument. Therefore, for those who have not mastered the performance of wind instruments such as trumpet and horn, there is a problem that it is difficult to enjoy this type of instrument together with the difficulty of embouchure and it is difficult to grasp the trigger of performance practice. there were.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to make it easy to enjoy the performance of a musical instrument in which the pitch of the generated musical sound is determined according to the combination of operations of a plurality of performance operators. It is another object of the present invention to provide a musical instrument and a performance assisting device that can easily practice the musical instrument.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A musical instrument with a performance guide function according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of performance operators, input means for inputting pitch data, and pitch data from the input means. The pitch data Converting means for converting the combination of the operations of the plurality of performance operators corresponding to the pitch represented by the combination data, and a plurality for determining the pitch according to the combination data converted by the converting means. Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the player can perceive a combination of performance operators, and a pitch candidate for extracting pitch candidates to be generated according to the operation combination of the plurality of performance operators A pitch determination means for determining a pitch to be generated from the extraction means, the pitch data from the input means and the pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means; and a determination from the pitch determination means A musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound according to the pitch data;
[0006]
According to the present invention, the performance guide is performed according to the input pitch data, and the tone to be generated is determined by the pitch data from the input means and the pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means, and the musical tone is determined. Therefore, as long as the user can correctly input the melody to be played, the user can play the musical instrument. That is, the performance guide means instructs the player so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for determining the pitch, and the pitch represented by the pitch data from the input means. A combination of a plurality of performance operators is designated in accordance with combination data representing a combination of operations of a plurality of performance operators corresponding to. The pitch candidate extracting means extracts pitch candidates to be generated in response to the operator combination operation of a plurality of performance operators. The musical tone generation means is responsive to the pitch data from the pitch determination means for determining the pitch to be generated from the pitch data from the input means and the pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means. Generate music. In this way, according to the input pitch data, a musical performance can be generated by performing a performance guide and determining a pitch to be generated.
[0007]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance apparatus with a performance guide function, a plurality of performance operators, performance data input means for inputting performance data including sequential pitch data, and a pitch from the performance data input means. In accordance with the combination data converted by the conversion means, the conversion means for converting the data into combination data representing a combination of operations of a plurality of performance operators corresponding to the pitch represented by the pitch data, Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for determining the pitch, and a combination operation of the plurality of performance operators instructed by the performance guide means Pitch candidate extracting means for extracting pitch candidates to be generated in response to the above, pitch data from the performance data input means, and pitch from the pitch candidate extracting means It comprises a pitch determining means for determining a tone pitch to be generated in the auxiliary data, and tone generating means for generating a musical tone based on the determination pitch data from the pitch determining means. This way, the performer According to exemplary performance data Fingering Is directed .
[0008]
A performance apparatus with a performance guide function according to claim 5 of the present invention comprises a plurality of performance operators, performance data input means for inputting performance data including sequential pitch data, and performance data from the performance data input means. Performance data reproducing means for generating a musical sound based on the sound, pitch data generating means for inputting a voice, detecting a pitch of the inputted voice and generating pitch data, and a pitch from the pitch data generating means data The pitch data Converting means for converting the combination of the operations of the plurality of performance operators corresponding to the pitch represented by the combination data, and a plurality for determining the pitch according to the combination data converted by the converting means. Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the combination of performance operators can be perceived by the performer, and a pitch to be generated in response to the operation combination of the plurality of performance operators specified by the performance guide means A pitch candidate extracting means for extracting a candidate of the pitch, a pitch determining means for determining a pitch to be generated from the pitch data from the pitch data generating means and the pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extracting means; And a tone generation means for generating a tone according to the judgment pitch data from the pitch judgment means. This makes it possible to compare the musical sound according to the performance data with the musical sound according to the input voice, and the performer can easily confirm whether the pitch of the input voice is accurate. .
[0009]
A performance assisting device according to claim 6 of the present invention is a performance assisting device for a musical instrument that generates a musical tone having a pitch that should be generated by a combination operation of a plurality of performance operators. Input means for inputting an acoustic signal having a pitch, and from the input means Input acoustic signal Pitch of The pitch detection means for detecting the pitch and the pitch detected by the pitch detection means data The pitch Compatible with did The converting means for converting into a combination data representing a combination of the plurality of performance operators, and an instruction signal is generated by the output of the conversion means, thereby allowing the performer to combine the plurality of performance operators for pitch determination. Performance guide means for instructing the player to perform the performance so as to be perceived, the input means at or near the mouth input section of the instrument itself, and the performance guide at or near the pitch determination operator of the instrument. Each means is provided. This is convenient because it is possible to easily practice the performance of the natural musical instrument simply by attaching the performance assisting device to the natural musical instrument.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an external configuration of a musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) is a schematic side view, and FIG. 1 (B) is a schematic top view. The musical instrument shown in the present embodiment includes a cylindrical or conical housing 10 simulating the shape of a natural musical instrument trumpet. The housing 10 is formed in an elongated shape in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in the figure) and has a large oval central hole 10a that allows a player to pass through the hand. A chin placement portion 7 having a shape corresponding to the shape of a person's chin is formed on the end surface on the front side of the performer of the housing 10, and the performer puts his chin on the chin placement portion 7 and uses both hands. This holds the entire housing 10. When holding the entire housing 10 with both hands, the performer holds the grips 4 to 6 and / or the grip portion 10b with one hand and presses the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 with the finger of the other hand. Hold in a state where you can. In this way, the performer can hold the musical instrument in a stable manner with less fatigue during performance in the same manner as a natural musical instrument by using both hands and chin.
[0012]
A first performance piston 1, a second performance piston 2, and a third piston 3 are assembled in this order from the front side of the performer toward the front end side along the front-rear direction in the center upper portion of the housing 10 in the front-rear direction. These first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 are rods R1 to R3 extending vertically, and disk-like operation parts B1 to B3 that are fixed to the upper ends of the rods R1 to R3 and pressed by a finger. And each. The rods R1 to R3 respectively enter the three cylindrical grips 4 to 6 so as to be able to advance and retreat. The grips 4 to 6 are provided with the central hole 10 a of the housing 10 along the top and bottom, and both ends are connected to the top and bottom of the housing 10. The lower ends of the rods R1 to R3 are urged upward by a downward pressure by a spring or a stopper mechanism (not shown) provided in the grips 4 to 6, and are moved to the upper end position in the figure by releasing the downward pressure. Quiesce. Rings W1 to W3 are respectively fixed to the upper surfaces of the grips 4 to 6 at the entrances to the grips 4 to 6 of the rods R1 to R3. Below these rings W1 to W3, light emitting elements L1 to L3 formed of light emitting diodes (LEDs) or lamps are accommodated in the grips 4 to 6 so as to face the rings W1 to W3, respectively. The upper parts of the rings W1 to W3 are made of a translucent resin, and the lower parts of the rings W1 to W3 are made of a transparent resin. Each of the rings W1 to W3 may be formed of a translucent resin without distinction between the upper and lower sides. Thereby, the light by the lighting of the light emitting elements L1 to L3 is prevented from leaking from the upper surfaces of the rings W1 to W3, and the entire rings W1 to W3 emit light independently. Therefore, controlling the lighting of the light emitting elements L1 to L3 to cause each of the rings W1 to W3 to emit light serves as a performance guide for informing the performers of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 to be pressed.
[0013]
An air vibration detector 8 composed of a microphone or a piezoelectric element affixed to a thin plate is assembled on the upper surface of the housing 10 on the front side of the performer. Input to the device 9 is possible. On the other hand, a speaker SP for generating a musical sound is accommodated toward the outside of the musical instrument in the front end direction inside the front end side of the housing 10 having a conical end at the opposite end. An electric circuit device 9 for controlling the operation of the entire musical instrument is accommodated in the housing 10. The electric circuit device 9 is composed of a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like, in which a performance guide of a piston operation combination with a pitch determined based on a voice or rhyme uttered by a performer is used as a light emitting element. Performance data that is realized by lighting L1 to L3, or that generates a musical tone having a pitch determined based on the voice or rhinoid uttered by the performer, or obtained from an automatic performance memory device or an external input described later The computer realizes various processes such as realizing the performance guide of the piston operation combination of the pitch based on the light emitting elements L1 to L3 and generating the model performance based on the performance data. This is implemented by executing software including a predetermined control program. Of course, these various types of processing are not limited to computer software, but can also be implemented in the form of microprograms processed by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and are not limited to this type of program. You may implement with the form of the dedicated hardware apparatus comprised including the integrated circuit or the large-scale integrated circuit. Details of the electric circuit device 9 will be described later.
[0014]
In the above-described embodiment, the performance guide is realized by lighting the light emitting elements L1 to L3 accommodated in the grips 4 to 6 and causing the rings W1 to W3 to emit light. Absent. For example, the disk-like operation portions B1 to B3 fixed to the upper ends of the rods R1 to R3 may be configured to emit light, or the entire grips 4 to 6 may be configured to emit light. In this case, at least one of the operation portions B1 to B3 and the grips 4 to 6 of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 is made of a transparent or translucent resin, and the light emitting elements L1 to L3 are disposed in the resin. The light should be guided.
[0015]
In addition to the instrument body, a dedicated performance guide portion G may be newly arranged on the side surface of the housing 10 (indicated by a dashed line in each drawing of FIG. 1). The performance guide part G includes light emitting elements L1 to L3 such as LEDs arranged on the surface at relative positions respectively pointing to the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 (see FIG. 1B). When the performer plays the musical instrument and turns his eyes toward the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3, the light emitting elements L1 to L3 on the surface of the performance guide portion G are It is installed on the side surface of the housing 10 in an oblique state so as to substantially face the el (see FIG. 1A). Then, by turning on the light emitting elements L1 to L3 on the surface of the performance guide portion G, a performance guide for notifying the performers of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 to be pressed is realized. Also good. Of course, it goes without saying that such a performance guide portion G may be used in combination with performance guides by lighting the rings W1 to W3 and the like as described above.
[0016]
In the above-described embodiments, the performance piston to be pressed by the performer among the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 is visually displayed by lighting the light emitting elements L1 to L3. However, in place of or in addition to this, the performance piston to be operated is slightly changed upward or downward, or the performance piston to be operated is vibrated so that the performer can be tactilely recognized by the player. You may make it perform the performance guide which makes it perform. In this case, drive devices (not shown) such as small electromagnetic actuators and small piezoelectric actuators for driving the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 are incorporated in the grips 4 to 6, respectively, and a light emission control unit 18 to be described later. Instead of or in addition, a drive control unit that drives and controls the drive device based on data representing the performance piston to be operated may be provided. The point is that the performance guide can clearly indicate to the performer which of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 should or should not be pressed. Any configuration may be used.
[0017]
Before describing the specific operation of the musical instrument as shown in FIG. 1, a method of playing this musical instrument will be briefly described. First, the performer I want to play Musical Pitch Is emitted toward the microphone 8. This voice may be, for example, a nose song or a simple voice such as “Ah” or “Woo”. In short, any sound may be emitted as long as it has a specific frequency. The most preferable method is to make a voice as if singing. By inputting voice to the microphone 8, Performer Illuminate the light emitting elements L1 to L3 as instructions for the combination (that is, fingering) of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 to be pressed, and use them as performance guide instructions. In accordance with the performance guide instruction display by lighting, the performer presses the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 with the finger of the other hand while holding the instrument by holding the grips 4 to 6 with one hand. To do. The pitch specification of this instrument is the same as that of a natural instrument trumpet. That is, not only one specified pitch in the piston combination, but a plurality of pitch candidates are specified at the same time. The musical instrument according to the present invention is similar to the trumpet of a natural musical instrument, and a plurality of pitch candidates designated by the pitch of the voice produced by the performer and the operations of the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 are specified. From home Occurrence Musical pitch But It is determined.
[0018]
Here, determination of the pitch will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 defines the musical tone pitch generated by the combination of the pitch of the input voice and the operation mode of the first to third performance pistons. Fingering table and It is one Example of a pitch candidate table.
[0019]
In the left column labeled “Performance Piston” in the figure, the eight first to third performance piston presses, which are combinations of the non-operation state and the operation state of the first to third performance pistons in the vertical direction. A combination of operations is displayed. In this case, “1”, “2”, and “3” indicate the performance pistons to be operated corresponding to the first, second, and third performance pistons, respectively, and “−” marks indicate non-performance pistons. Show. On the other hand, in the lower column labeled “Sounding pitch” in the figure, it appears in the horizontal direction. Be done The note name of the musical tone is displayed. Then, the ○ mark at the intersection point above the `` pronunciation pitch '' and the right side of the `` performance piston '' is generated Be done The pitch of the musical tone is associated with the combination of the first to third performance pistons to be operated. Accordingly, a plurality of pitches are designated as pitch candidates for the generated musical tone by the combination of the first to third performance pistons. For example, if none of the first to third performance pistons is operated, the musical tone pitch candidates that are generated are “C4”, “G4”, “C5”, “E5”, and the like. If only the second performance piston is operated, the tone candidates for the generated musical tone are “B3”, “F # 4”, “B4”, “D # 5”, and the like.
[0020]
In the figure, the arrow below the circle indicates the allowable range of frequency deviation with respect to the generated musical sound of the audio signal input from the microphone. This allowable range corresponds to the frequency of the pitch name displayed in the horizontal direction in the upper column displaying “input pitch” in the figure. Note that the pitch name of “input pitch” in the upper column of the figure and the pitch name of “pronunciation pitch” in the lower column of the figure are shifted by one octave because of the human voice range (male) This is to correct the difference between the trumpet and the sound range of the trumpet. In addition, “silence” displayed in the figure means that no musical sound is generated. Therefore, for example, if a voice in a frequency range between “A # 2” and “D # 3” is input in a state where none of the first to third performance pistons is operated, a musical tone having a pitch of “C4” is obtained. If a sound having a frequency range between “E3” and “A3” is generated, a musical tone having a pitch of “G4” is generated. Note that the allowable range of the frequency deviation of the audio signal may be appropriately changed by the user.
[0021]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the system configuration of the electric circuit device for controlling the operation of the musical instrument, and the musical instrument operation described above will be described.
[0022]
First, the pitch detector 11 receives the performer's voice from the pitch data input means 8 and detects the pitch. The input means 8 is represented as a condenser microphone in FIG. The pitch (frequency) of the input voice is supplied to the fingering conversion processing unit 17. The fingering conversion processing unit 17 converts the voice pitch data into fingering data representing a combination of first to third performance pistons to be pressed by the performer. In this fingering data conversion process, a fingering table stored in advance in a ROM or RAM referred to by the electric circuit device 9 is referred to. This fingering table Performed by the performer Data indicating the relationship between the pitch (input pitch) and the combination of the first to third performance pistons to be operated is stored in the form of a table.
[0023]
The fingering conversion processing unit 17 supplies the converted fingering data to the light emission control unit 18. In the light emission control part 18, lighting control of each light emitting element L1-L3 arrange | positioned for every 1st-3rd performance piston based on the supplied fingering data is carried out. Each of the light emitting elements L1 to L3 is configured by a multicolor LED including an LED that emits red light and an LED that emits green light. The combination of 3 performance pistons is instructed. For example, the light emitting elements L1 to L3 corresponding to the performance piston to be pressed are made to emit red light, and the light emitting elements L1 to L3 corresponding to other performance pistons that should not be pressed are not made to emit light. For example, when the pitch is related to a pitch name that can produce a tone without pressing any of the first to third performance pistons, such as a pitch name “C” or “G” in a trumpet. As a non-pressing operation instruction, all of the light emitting elements L1 to L3 corresponding to the first to third performance pistons emit green light. That is, Green LED emitting color light The Lights up at the same time. In this way, the first to third performance pistons to be operated to generate musical sounds having pitches corresponding to the sound pitch data detected in accordance with the sound emitted by the performer are provided on the ring by turning on the light emitting element. Instructed by light emission. In addition, regarding the non-pressing operation instruction, the light emitting elements L1 to L3 emit green light to instruct that “do nothing” as the pressing operation. By such a light emission instruction, the player can recognize the combination of the first to third performance pistons to be operated.
[0024]
In the above-described embodiment, when it is not necessary to operate the first to third performance pistons, the corresponding light emitting elements L1 to L3 remain off without emitting both the green and red LEDs. However, it is not limited to this. For example, when there is a signal to be performance-guided (voice pitch data), each of the light emitting elements L1 to L4 is first controlled to emit light in green, and a signal (fingering data) indicating the first to third performance pistons to be pressed. When there is, the light emitting elements L1 to L3 corresponding to the first to third performance pistons may be controlled to emit red light. If it carries out like this, the performance piston which should be pressed among the 1st-3rd performance pistons will emit light in red, and the performance piston which should not be pressed will emit light in green.
The light emitting elements L1 to L3 corresponding to the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 are not limited to those composed of green and red LEDs. Moreover, you may comprise so that the lighting color of light emitting element L1-L3 may each differ like red yellow blue from this side. Even in this case, green may be used as the non-pressing instruction color.
[0025]
When the performer presses the operation portions B1 to B3 of the first to third performance pistons, the operation state of the first to third performance pistons by the performer is detected by the switch means 19, and the pitch candidate extraction processing unit 20 is detected. To be supplied. The pitch candidate extraction processing unit 20 extracts a plurality of pitch candidates according to the combination of the first to third performance pistons operated by the performer. In this pitch candidate extraction process, a pitch candidate table stored in advance in a ROM or RAM is referred to. As already described, the pitch candidate table is a table in which data representing the relationship between the combinations of the operations of the first to third performance pistons and the pitches of musical sounds that may be generated is stored in the form of a table. (See FIG. 2). Therefore, Pitch candidate The table is shown in FIG. In For the combinations of the first to third performance pistons in the “Performance Piston” column, “ pronunciation Data representing a plurality of pitch names in the “pitch” column is stored as pitch candidate data.
[0026]
In addition to the pitch candidate data, the pitch determination processing unit 12 also receives voice pitch data representing the pitch (frequency) of the performer's voice detected by the pitch detection unit 11, and the pitch candidate data and voice pitch data are input. Both determine the pitch of the generated musical sound. In the determination of the pitch, the permissible ranges set on both sides of the frequency corresponding to each pitch represented by the plurality of pitch candidate data (each mark in the pitch candidate table shown in FIG. 2 described above). The frequency range to which the frequency of the audio signal belongs is determined. Then, among the plurality of pitches respectively represented by the plurality of pitch candidate data, a pitch belonging to the determined frequency range is finally determined as a pitch for the generated musical tone, The signal is output to the signal generator 13. For example, it is detected that the frequency of the voice uttered by the performer is the pitch frequency of “E3”, and is pressed so as to “press the first and second performance pistons while keeping the third performance piston in a non-operating state”. In the case where an operation instruction has been given, if the performer performs a pressing operation correctly in accordance with the instruction, pitch data representing the pitch of “E4” is supplied to the musical tone signal generator 13. On the other hand, when the performer performs a pressing operation different from the instruction, pitch data representing a pitch other than “E4” is supplied to the tone signal generator 13. For example, the performer “pushes all of the first to third performance pistons” and pitch data representing the pitch of “C # 4”, and the performer “presses all of the first to third performance pistons” Pitch data representing the pitches of “no operation” and “G4” are supplied to the tone signal generator 13.
[0027]
On the other hand, the sound generation control data generation processing unit 16 inputs the volume level (amplitude envelope) of the input audio signal detected by the level detection unit 15. Then, the sound generation control data generation processing unit 16 forms key-on data and key-off data based on the volume level and supplies the key-on data and key-off data to the musical sound signal generation unit 13 together with the amplitude envelope. Specifically, key-on data is formed when the detected volume level is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, and key-off data is formed when the volume level is lower than the predetermined level. In the tone signal generator 13, a tone signal (for example, a trumpet tone tone signal) having a pitch represented by the tone pitch data based on the supplied tone pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, and amplitude envelope. And the musical sound corresponding to the musical sound signal is emitted through the amplifier 14 and the speaker SP.
[0028]
As described above, since the musical sound is pronounced simultaneously with the voice uttered by the performer, the performer can easily compare the pitch of the voice uttered by the performer with the pitch of the musical sound. Become . Further, since the performance guide is provided by emitting the light emitting elements L1 to L4 corresponding to the first to third performance pistons 1 to 3 in accordance with the pitch of the sound uttered by the performer, It is possible to easily perform the visual comparison between the fingering that is performed and the fingering that must actually be performed. In this way, as long as the performer sings the melodies (not only melodies but all melodies that can be played with a single note such as a bass line), the pitch of the input speech Since the performance guide necessary to generate the pitch of the musical tone according to the performance guide is made, the performer repeats the practice of operating the first to third performance pistons in order according to the operation instructions by the performance guide, thereby You will be able to learn how to play quickly. Moreover, not only simple performance practice according to the score, but also performance practice with rich expressive power can be performed easily.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the air vibration detector such as the microphone 8 is used as a means for inputting the sound produced by the performer. However, the air vibration detector is used instead of the bone conduction pickup or the like, and is arranged on the “throat bud” of the human body. You may make it detect a vibration by making it contact. When such a detector is used, the present invention opens the way for a person who has a bad vocal cord to play a mouth-air-flow type musical instrument.
[0030]
In the above-described embodiment, the first to third performance pistons to be pressed by the performer in order to generate the musical tone of the pitch according to the pitch of the sound emitted by the performer toward the microphone 8. The combination (that is, fingering) is instructed by lighting of the light emitting elements L1 to L3, and the performer presses the first to third performance pistons according to the lighting display of the light emitting elements L1 to L3, and the sound emitted by the performer. A musical tone with a pitch corresponding to is generated. However, if the performer is a beginner who is not musically capable and cannot produce sound with an accurate pitch, he / she cannot pronounce the sound with the correct pitch. In this case, since the accurate instruction to press the first to third performance pistons is not performed, it is impossible to improve the performance of the instrument. Therefore, Second embodiment Then, the performer himself does not input the pitch by voice Pitch By inputting performance data including pitch data that defines To be instructed . That is, by inputting performance data stored in memory in advance, performance data input from various external music devices, or performance data input from a server or the like via a communication line such as the Internet or a wireless LAN. Required By entering the pitch, First -Instructions for pressing the third performance piston are made. Also, by inputting performance data, the performer can listen to the model performance Fingering You can practice by selecting various practice modes, such as practicing only, checking the difference in pitch in the voice of the performer while listening to the model performance, etc. Yes. This way, the performer Performance data According to pitch Be directed It becomes easy to practice playing various music with fingering, and while listening to model performances of various music, Fingering So that you can practice easily Become .
[0031]
Therefore, the operation of the musical instrument as described above will be specifically described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the system configuration of the electric circuit device for controlling the operation of the musical instrument.
[0032]
As can be understood from FIG. 4, the system configuration of the electric circuit device 9 shown in this embodiment is based on the automatic performance memory device 23, the performance shown in the frame surrounded by the one-dot chain line with respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. A data read processing unit 24, various switches SSW1 to SSW4, a second musical tone signal generation unit 21, an earphone 22 and an external input are added. The automatic performance memory device 23 stores a lot of performance data including pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, and the like. The performance data read processing unit 24 sequentially reads pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, and the like from the automatic performance memory device 23 as time elapses (that is, progress of music). The various switches SSW1 to SSW4 are switches for determining a performance practice mode using the musical instrument. The combination of the set point (A to C) of the switch SSW1 and the on / off of the switches SSW2 to SSW4 The behavior is changed. Therefore, in the following description, the operation of the musical instrument in each of the combinations of the set points (A to C) of the switch SSW1 and the on / off of the switches SSW2 to SSW4 will be described. Note that the third switch SSW3 and the fourth switch SSW4 are such that when one switch is turned “ON”, the other switch is turned “ON”, and when one switch is turned “OFF”, the other switch is also “ It is an interlocking switch that operates to be “off”.
[0033]
First, the case where the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “A”, the second switch SSW2 is set to “ON”, and the third switch SSW3 and the fourth switch SSW4 are set to “OFF” will be described. In this case, the configuration is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 described above, and if the performer mistakes his / her fingering, it can be confirmed audibly and visually.
[0034]
Next, a case where the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “B”, the second switch SSW2 is set to “ON”, and the third switch SSW3 and the fourth switch SSW4 are set to “OFF” will be described. In this case, the pitch data that is the source of the performance guide and / or the source of the model performance is the data from the performance data read processing unit 24 instead of the voice input of the previous embodiment. The pitch data is supplied to the fingering conversion processing unit 17. Thus, the light emitting elements L1 to L3 are controlled to be turned on via the light emission control unit 18 after being converted into fingering data to be played. That is, the performer can recognize the combination of the first to third performance pistons to be operated by the automatic performance data from the memory device 23, and can press the performance piston to be performed according to the combination. The pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, etc. read by the processing unit 24 are also supplied to the second musical tone signal generating unit 21 at the same time. The second musical tone signal generation unit 21 generates a musical tone signal corresponding to the pitch data (for example, a trumpet tone musical signal) based on the pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, and the like. A musical tone signal from the automatic performance data is generated via the earphone 22. In this way, the performer can listen to the model performance by the automatic performance through the earphone 22, and can easily perform the practice of generating a sound having the same pitch as the musical sound by the model performance from the earphone 22. .
[0035]
When the performer generates a sound having the same pitch as the musical tone of the model performance, the sound is input to the pitch detection unit 11 via the microphone 8, and the pitch detection processing unit 12 uses the pitch detection voice pitch data. To supply. The pitch determination processing unit 12 includes the voice pitch data detected by the pitch detection unit 11 and the pitch candidate extraction processing unit 20 described above. Fingering The pitch of the generated musical sound is determined by both the pitch candidate data according to the above. The voice pitch data detected by the pitch detection unit 11 is also supplied to the fingering conversion processing unit 17, and the fingering conversion processing unit 17 performs first to third operations on which the player should operate the supplied voice pitch data. It is converted into fingering data representing a combination of performance pistons. This fingering conversion processing unit 17 also has a built-in circuit having a late arrival priority function, so that a performance guide is transferred from the fingering based on the read pitch data to the fingering based on the voice of the performer. To change. In this case, the key-on data, key-off data, and amplitude envelope supplied from the sound generation control data generation processing unit 16 to the musical tone signal generation unit 13 follow the input audio signal detected by the level detection unit 15. In other words, the musical sound generated from the speaker SP is given a facial expression according to the voice uttered by the performer.
[0036]
This Even those who have not mastered this kind of musical instrument performance will be able to easily enjoy this type of musical instrument performance and practice the same instrument easily. In addition, according to the performance data read from the automatic performance memory device 23, the combination of a plurality of exemplary performance operators to be operated by the performer is determined, so that special data is prepared for the performance guide. The performance guide can be realized without any problem, and the usability of this instrument is very good.
[0037]
Next, a case where the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “B”, the second switch SSW2 is set to “ON”, and the third switch SSW3 and the fourth switch SSW4 are set to “ON” will be described. Also in this case, the performer can listen to the model performance by the automatic performance through the earphone 22 as described above.
[0038]
If the performer does not utter a voice when the switches are combined, the pitch detection unit 11 does not supply voice pitch data to the pitch determination processing unit 12. On the other hand, pitch data, key-on data, key-off data, etc. read by the performance data read-out processing unit 24 are also supplied to the pitch determination processing unit 12 and the musical tone generation processing unit 13. Therefore, the pitch determination processing unit 12 can determine the pitch of the generated musical tone based on both the read pitch data and the pitch candidate data extracted by the pitch candidate extraction processing unit 20. Thus, the performer does not make a sound while listening to the model performance from the earphone 22, and simply presses the first to third performance pistons according to the fingering instructions, thereby performing the model performance. Play with fingering according to Can be generated from the speaker SP or the like. Of course, when the first to third performance pistons different from the fingering instructions are pressed, a musical tone different from the model performance heard from the earphone 22 is generated from the speaker SP. In this way, the performer can perform the same performance as the model performance. Fingering You will only be able to practice intensively.
[0039]
On the other hand, if the performer utters a sound when the switches are combined, the pitch detector 11 sends a sound to the pitch determination processor 12. voice Pitch data is supplied. In such a case, the pitch determination processing unit 12 includes the pitch data read by the performance data reading processing unit 24 and the sound resulting from the pitch detection by the pitch detection unit 11. voice Although both inputs to the pitch data are made, the pitch determination processing unit 12 incorporates a circuit having a late arrival priority function in itself, thereby validating only the late arrival data. Then, the pitch determination processing unit 12 determines the pitch of the generated musical tone based on both the voice pitch data detected by the pitch detection unit 11 and the pitch candidate data extracted by the pitch candidate extraction processing unit 20. In addition, the sound detected by the pitch detector 11 voice The pitch data is also supplied to the fingering conversion processing unit 17, and the fingering conversion processing unit 17 converts the supplied voice pitch data into fingering data. This fingering conversion processing unit 17 also has a built-in circuit having a late arrival priority function, so that a performance guide is transferred from the fingering based on the read pitch data to the fingering based on the voice of the performer. To change. Therefore, if the performer is speaking, voice A musical sound based on the pitch data is emitted from the speaker SP. That is, the automatic performance based on the performance data is changed to the manual performance based on voice input. If the pitch of the input voice is different from the pitch of the model performance, the pitch of the musical sound emitted from the speaker SP can be heard differently from the pitch of the musical sound from the earphone 22, so that the performer You will notice that the pitch of your voice is incorrect.
[0040]
Next, a case where the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “B”, the second switch SSW2 is set to “off”, and the third switch SSW3 and the fourth switch SSW4 are set to “on” will be described. Even in this case, the performer can listen to the model performance by the automatic performance through the earphone 22. When the performer does not utter sound, the pitch detection unit 11 does not supply the voice pitch data to the pitch determination processing unit 12. Therefore, the performer only listens to the model performance from the earphone 22 and presses the first to third performance pistons in accordance with the fingering instructions. Played with fingering according to Musical sound can be generated from the speaker SP.
[0041]
On the other hand, when the performer utters a sound when the switches are combined, the sound pitch data is supplied from the pitch detection unit 11 to the pitch determination processing unit 12. In this case, the pitch determination processing unit 12 receives the read pitch data and the voice pitch data obtained as a result of the pitch detection. The pitch determination processing unit 12 calculates the difference between the pitch data and the voice pitch data. If the calculated pitch difference is large, a musical tone according to the shifted pitch is emitted via the amplifier 14 and the speaker SP. If the calculated pitch is not greatly shifted, the musical tone whose pitch is not significantly shifted is sent to the amplifier 14 and the speaker SP. Departs through. The pitch determination processing unit 12 includes a correction circuit that corrects a pitch shift of less than 50 cents to a normal corrected pitch. Further, the voice pitch data detected by the pitch detection unit 11 is not supplied to the fingering conversion processing unit 17, and accordingly, the fingering conversion processing unit 17 operates the first to first voices to be operated by the player. There is no conversion to fingering data representing a combination of three performance pistons. This way, even if the pitch of the voice produced by the performer deviates from the pitch data, Based on performance data Fixed to things.
[0042]
Finally, the case where the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “C” will be described. In this case, the performance data is not sent from the automatic performance memory device 23 but an external memory device such as a memory card, a flexible disk, various semiconductor memories, or an external server device connected via a communication line such as the Internet, Supplied from an external input such as another musical tone generator connected via a data input / output terminal such as an mLAN or MIDI line. Then, the same operation as the above operation corresponding to each on / off combination of the second to fourth switches SSW2 to SSW4 when the first switch SSW1 is set to the point “B” is performed. However, the performance data read from the automatic performance memory device 23 by the performance data read processing unit 24 is not supplied to each processing unit, but the performance data input from the outside is supplied to each processing unit.
[0043]
As described above, the performer can selectively execute the operation mode of the musical instrument by changing the combination of the settings of the first to fourth switches SSW1 to SSW4. As a result, the performer can practice the performance in different modes according to his / her mastery.
[0044]
In the embodiment described above, the electronic musical instrument having the shape shown in FIG. 1 has been described as having the performance guide function as described above together with the performance function. However, such a performance function and the performance guide function are integrated. It is not limited to the instrument that became. For example, a performance device and a performance guide device are configured separately, and the performance guide device is simply attached to a natural instrument or performance device as an attachment. It may be possible to easily add the performance guide function. Such an attachment-type performance guide device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the performance guide apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 5A is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the performance guide device, FIG. 5B is a conceptual side view when the performance guide device is attached to a trumpet that is a natural instrument, and FIG. (C) is the elements on larger scale in the AA 'cross section shown to FIG. 5 (A).
[0045]
As can be understood from FIG. 5A, the performance guide device shown in this embodiment is roughly composed of a performance guide main body 100, a light emitting unit 101, an input unit 102, and an earphone 22 as an output unit. . The performance guide main body 100, the light emitting unit 101, and the input unit 102 can be detachably attached to predetermined positions of a natural musical instrument X (here, a trumpet) as shown in FIG. 5B. The light emitting unit 101, the input unit 102, and the output unit (earphone 22) are connected to the performance guide main body 100 and the cable 103, respectively. You can send and receive.
[0046]
The performance guide main body 100 mounted on the side surface of the trumpet X using a pipe portion which is a part of the trumpet has a plurality of setting switches SW1 to SW3, a volume switch VR, a mode switch M, and a setting on the surface. A display light emitting element 100A (for example, an LED) is provided, and an electric circuit device (for example, see FIG. 4) similar to the electronic musical instrument described above is provided inside the performance guide main body 100. The plurality of setting switches SW1 to SW3 are switches for switching the set points and on / off of the switches SSW1 to SSW4 (see FIG. 4) in the electric circuit device. The volume switch VR is a switch for controlling the volume of the musical sound flowing from the earphone 22, and the mode change switch M is a performance operator of a natural musical instrument (for example, a first to a first trumpet in the trumpet). It is a switch for setting to perform a necessary performance guide according to the number of performance operators (3 performance pistons), that is, the number of performance operators that require the performance guide. Of course, when the mode is switched using the mode changeover switch M, the light emitting unit 101 is replaced with one corresponding to the number of performance operators requiring a performance guide. Each light emitting element 100A for switch setting display is turned on or off according to the point and on / off setting by the setting switches SW1 to SW3. The performance guide main body 100 has a memory card insertion slot 100B on the side of the main body. By inserting the memory card C into the main body, a performance guide or model performance based on performance data stored in the memory card C in advance. Can be done.
[0047]
The light emitting unit 101 mounted so as to be sandwiched between the first to third performance pistons of the trumpet X by the urging force of the leaf spring 101A is provided with a U-shaped groove as shown in the figure. This is a plate-like unit configured in a shape including a plurality. Light emitting elements L1 to L3 (for example, LEDs) are arranged at predetermined positions corresponding to the U-shaped grooves, and the light emitting elements L1 to L3 are based on fingering data transmitted from the performance guide main body 100. The performance guide can be realized by being lit. The light emitting element 100A in FIG. 5A may be instructed to emit light in synchronization with L1 to L3. If it does in this way, it will be easy to recognize visually also from others (instructor etc.). Further, on the surface of the light emitting unit 101, a contact detection member 101B such as a film-like touch sensor is disposed along each U-shaped groove. When the performer presses the operation parts B1 to B3 of the first to third performance pistons, the pressed operation parts B1 to B3 and the touch sensor 101B on the surface of the light emitting unit part 101 come into contact with each other. The operation state of the first to third performance pistons by the person is detected by the touch sensor 101B. The detected operation state is sent to the performance guide main body 100, and the electric circuit device in the performance guide main body 100 generates a musical tone having a predetermined pitch using the operation state. The input portion 102 is fixedly attached to the position by sandwiching the pipe portion in front of the mouthpiece M of the trumpet X by the biasing force of the leaf spring 102B. A condenser microphone 102A is affixed to the inside of the input unit 102, and a voice such as a nose song produced by the performer is taken into the performance guide main body 100 by the condenser microphone 102A. In the electric circuit device inside the performance guide main body 100, a musical tone having a predetermined pitch is generated using the captured voice. The output unit (here, the earphone 22) is an output unit that provides the performer with the musical sound generated by the performance guide main body unit 100. The input unit 102 may be a bone conduction microphone attached (attached and held) to the throat Buddha. Also in this case, when a nasal song is uttered, the vibration is detected thereby, and the same can be done.
[0048]
Even in such an attachment-type performance guide device, the performer selectively executes the operation mode of the performance guide device by changing the combination of the set points and on / off by the setting switches SW1 to SW3. be able to. Since the operation mode performed for each combination of such settings has already been described (see FIG. 4), description thereof is omitted here. However, in the performance guide apparatus shown in this embodiment, only the performance guide is executed in accordance with the voice uttered by the performer input via the input unit 102, and follows the pitch of the voice uttered by the performer. No musical sound is generated. That is, the musical sound that can be heard from the earphone 22 is only the musical sound (exemplary performance) generated based on the performance data stored in the memory card C. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and a musical tone according to the pitch of the voice uttered by the performer may be generated from the earphone 22, or the performance guide main body 100 may be provided with an external speaker or the like, and the earphone 22 Model performances can be generated by generating musical sounds (electronic musical instrument sounds) according to the pitch of the sound produced by the performers from the external speakers, and musical sounds (natural musical instrument sounds) from the actual natural musical instruments. Sounds may be compared.
By using such an attachment-type performance guide device, the performer can easily practice the performance of the natural musical instrument simply by attaching the performance guide device to the natural musical instrument.
[0049]
In the above-described embodiment, the first to third performance pistons are employed as the performance operators, but instead of these first to third performance pistons, they are configured with simple operation switches, touch switches, and the like. Various performance operators for determining the pitch of the generated musical sound can be used. Also, regarding the number of performance operators, an appropriate integer of 2 or more can be adopted. In short, the present invention can be applied to various musical instruments that determine the pitches of generated musical sounds in accordance with combinations of operations of a plurality of performance operators. As for the external shape of the musical instrument and the tone of the generated musical tone, the present invention simulates the shape of other wind instruments such as horn, recorder (mainly baroque) or saxophone, or other natural instruments. The present invention is also applied to an electronic musical instrument adapted to generate musical tones of other musical instruments. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to musical instruments other than electronically generating musical sounds.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, as long as a performer sings a melody to be performed and inputs it by voice, a performance guide necessary for generating a musical pitch according to the pitch of the input voice is provided. Therefore, the player can learn the playing method of the musical instrument quickly by repeating the practice of sequentially operating the performance controls in accordance with the operation instructions from the performance guide.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an external configuration of a musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) is a schematic side view, and FIG. 1 (B) is a schematic top view.
FIG. 2 is an example of a pitch candidate table that defines musical pitches generated by a combination of pitches of input speech and operation modes of the first to third performance pistons.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system configuration of an electric circuit device for controlling the operation of the musical instrument.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the system configuration of the electric circuit device for controlling the operation of the musical instrument.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of a performance guide device, FIG. 5 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the entire performance guide device, and FIG. 5 (B) is a performance guide for a natural musical instrument. FIG. 5C is a partially enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section shown in FIG. 5A. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1-3 ... Performance piston, 4-6 ... Grip, 7 ... Chin mounting part, 8 ... Pitch data input means (microphone), 9 ... Electric circuit apparatus, 10 ... Housing, 11 ... Pitch detection part, 12 ... Sound High judgment processing unit, 13 ... musical tone signal generation unit, 14 ... amplifier, 15 ... level detection unit, 16 ... sound generation control data generation processing unit, 17 ... fingering conversion processing unit, 18 ... light emission control unit, 19 ... switch means, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Pitch candidate extraction process part, 21 ... 2nd musical tone signal generation part, 22 ... Earphone, 23 ... Automatic performance memory device, 24 ... Performance data read-out process part, SP ... Speaker, L1-L3 ... Light emitting element, B1 B3: Operation unit, R1-R3: Rod, W1-W3: Ring, G: Performance guide unit, 100: Performance guide body unit, 101: Light emitting unit unit, 102: Input unit, 103: Cable, C: Memory car

Claims (6)

Multiple performance controls,
Input means for inputting pitch data;
Conversion means for converting the pitch data from the input means, the combination data representing the combination of the operation of a plurality of performance operators corresponding to the represented pitch by the sound pitch data,
Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for pitch determination according to the combination data converted by the conversion means;
Pitch candidate extracting means for extracting pitch candidates to be generated in response to the operation combination operation of the plurality of performance operators;
Pitch determination means for determining a pitch to be generated from pitch data from the input means and pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means;
A musical instrument with a performance guide function comprising a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound in accordance with determination pitch data from the pitch determination means. Comprising level control means for extracting level data from the data inputted from the input means and generating a level signal;
The musical sound generating means generates a musical sound in accordance with determination pitch data from the pitch determination means, and adds a musical expression to the generated musical sound in accordance with a level signal from the level control means. Item 1. The musical instrument with a performance guide function according to Item 1. Multiple performance controls,
Performance data input means for inputting performance data including sequential pitch data;
Conversion means for converting said tone pitch data from the performance data input means, the combination data representing the combination of the operation of a plurality of performance operators corresponding to the represented pitch by the sound pitch data,
Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for pitch determination according to the combination data converted by the conversion means;
Pitch candidate extracting means for extracting pitch candidates to be generated in response to operation combination operation of a plurality of performance operators instructed by the performance guide means;
Pitch determination means for determining a pitch to be generated from pitch data from the performance data input means and pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means;
A performance apparatus with a performance guide function, comprising: a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound in accordance with determination pitch data from the pitch determination means. Pitch data generating means for inputting voice and detecting pitch of the inputted voice to generate pitch data,
The pitch data detected from the pitch data generating means is re-input as the pitch data to the pitch determining means, and the performance data is output according to the pitch data output from the performance data input means and / or the pitch data generating means. 4. A performance apparatus with a performance guide function according to claim 3, wherein a musical instrument is played by operating a plurality of performance operators designated by the guide means. Multiple performance controls,
Performance data input means for inputting performance data including sequential pitch data;
Performance data reproducing means for generating musical sounds based on performance data from the performance data input means;
Pitch data generating means for inputting voice, detecting pitch of the inputted voice and generating pitch data , and converting the pitch data from the pitch data generating means into a pitch represented by the pitch data. Conversion means for converting into combination data representing a combination of operations of a plurality of corresponding performance operators;
Performance guide means for instructing the player so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for pitch determination according to the combination data converted by the conversion means;
Pitch candidate extracting means for extracting pitch candidates to be generated in response to operation combination operation of a plurality of performance operators instructed by the performance guide means;
Pitch determination means for determining a pitch to be generated from pitch data from the pitch data generation means and pitch candidate data from the pitch candidate extraction means;
A performance apparatus with a performance guide function, comprising: a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound in accordance with determination pitch data from the pitch determination means. A performance assisting device for a musical instrument that generates a musical tone having a pitch to be generated by a combination operation of a plurality of performance operators,
Input means for inputting an acoustic signal having a pitch such as voice;
Pitch detection means for detecting the pitch of the acoustic signal input from the input means;
Conversion means for converting data indicating the pitch detected by the pitch detection means into combination data representing a combination of the plurality of performance operators corresponding to the pitch ;
A performance guide means for generating an instruction signal by the output of the conversion means and thereby instructing the player to perform the performance so that the player can perceive a combination of a plurality of performance operators for determining the pitch; ,
An instrument performance assisting device, wherein the input means is disposed at or near the mouth input section of the instrument, and the performance guide means is disposed at or near the pitch determination operator of the instrument.

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