JP5478753B1 - Power generation system and dust collector system - Google Patents

Abstract

A power generation system capable of effectively silencing a dust collector system in a factory or the like is realized.
A large number of small holes communicating with the inside and outside of a pipe are formed in an area of the pipe where the generator is disposed. Further, a sound absorbing material 41 such as glass wool is wound around the outer periphery of the pipe 20 in which the small holes 42 are formed. The small hole 42 and the sound absorbing material 41 constitute a so-called silencer. The airflow collected for rotating the turbine blade 52 is diffused by the rotation of the turbine blade 52 and is blown to the peripheral surface side of the pipe 20 so as to flow to the sound deadening portion (sound absorbing material 41, small hole 42). Therefore, sound can be suppressed.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation system and a dust collector system, for example, a power generation system including a gas turbine generator and a dust collector system including such a power generation system.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a dust collector system installed in a factory or the like, outside air is taken into a work room 101 from an inlet (atmosphere) through a dust removal filter 105. Dust (dust, soot, etc.) released in the work room 101 is removed by a dust collector 120 including a removal filter 102, and exhaust is released into the atmosphere through the exhaust fan 103. When exhausting, the silencer 104 is mounted to reduce the emission sound. The silencer 104 generally causes an increase in pressure loss. An air volume adjusting damper 106 is disposed in the pipe 110 between the duster 120 and the exhaust fan 103.

  In the dust collector system, dust gradually adheres to the filter as the operation progresses from the beginning of the dust removal filter, and the filter pressure loss increases. There is a problem that the exhaust performance of the exhaust fan varies due to the increase in pressure loss.

  In order to solve this problem, there is an air volume adjusting damper shown in FIG. 1 as a device that absorbs a pressure change from the initial use (when the dust collection filter is not used) to the replacement of the dust collection filter.

  The air volume adjusting damper has a function of making the pressure change constant from the initial use (when the dust removal filter is not used) to when the dust collection filter is replaced. That is, when the dust removal filter at the initial operation is new, the pressure adjustment damper is in a state where pressure is applied, and when the dust collection filter is approaching replacement, the pressure is released in a human or electrical state. Is variably adjusted.

  By the way, from the viewpoint of energy supply and demand, efforts for effective use of energy that has not been used so far have become active. This type of energy includes factory exhaust. As an energy recovery system using the factory exhaust, the exhaust from the exhaust fan installed in the factory is guided, a windmill that rotates by the exhaust is installed, and the rotational force of this windmill is transmitted to the generator. There is a technique for electrically recovering the energy of exhaust air by providing a private power generation device that generates electric power by rotating the generator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, as a noise countermeasure technique applicable to this type of system, there is a technique in which a silencer is attached to an exhaust port to mute the gas turbine system (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Here, as a silencer method, a method of silencing with a lining duct method that satisfies the following relational expression is well known (see Non-Patent Document 1). That is, in order to obtain the effect of the silencer, the amount of energy flowing in the duct is proportional to the cross section S (m ² ), the amount of sound absorbed is proportional to the circumference P (m), and the attenuation amount R is approximate. Specifically, it is shown by the following formula.
R = K · P / S (dB / m) (1)
The proportionality constant K is a constant that varies depending on the sound absorption rate of the sound absorbing material.
Here, when the cross-sectional shape of the pipe is a circle having a radius r (m), P = 2πr and S = πr ² , and thus the above equation (1) is as follows.
R = K · (2πr) / (πr ² ) = K · 2 / r (dB / m) (2)

  This expression (2) indicates that the discharge noise can be lowered by reducing the pipe diameter and winding glass wool or the like having a good sound absorption rate around the pipe. That is, if a large amount of wind is emitted to a material having a good sound absorption coefficient, the sound is attenuated.

  However, when put into practical use using the idea of this method, the energy of the exhaust fan increases due to pressure loss that increases as the pipe diameter is reduced, and there is a problem that exhaust cannot be performed depending on the situation.

  Therefore, as a structure of the silencer that is actually used, a system of a structure in which a small hole is attached to the pipe and a material having a good sound absorption coefficient is wound (for example, see Patent Document 3). In this system, the exhaust gas flows from a small hole attached to the pipe to a material having a good sound absorption rate by the pressure when the exhaust gas is supplied, and the sound can be silenced.

JP 2002-54553 A JP 2010-127247 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-104530 Junichi Maekawa, “Architecture and Environmental Acoustics”, first edition, October 5, 1990

  By the way, when the turbine type wind power generator is mounted inside and outside the pipe, noise generally increases due to the wind noise of the turbine type wind power generator in addition to the sound of the exhaust fan. Therefore, it is necessary to install a silencer that exceeds the current silencing effect. Relying only on the silencer part for this increased noise level is not practical because it increases pressure loss and increases the physical size of the silencer part. Therefore, it has not been common in the past to install a generator in the exhaust pipe, and since the power supply from the power plant has been relatively stable in the past, the exhaust equipment (for the dust collector system) ) Was not expected to have a power generation function.

  However, in recent years, there have been cases where the power supply capacity from power plants becomes unstable, and as described above, effective use of unused energy has been demanded. And it was necessary to solve the above-mentioned subject for utilization of exhaust energy, such as a factory. That is, it was necessary to realize a silencing effect while maintaining the relationship of “pressure loss of conventional silencer”> “pressure loss of this turbine type wind power generator”.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, only the basic concept of the energy recovery system is shown, and it is highly likely that the dust collector will cause further increase in pressure loss and noise in the power generation apparatus itself, and a new technique is required. It was done. In other words, it is a system in which a generator is attached to the outside of the pipe, rather than inside the pipe. To actually introduce it, equipment such as surrounding the generator is necessary, and measures such as noise are major. turn into.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above situations, Comprising: It is providing the technique which solves the said subject.

The power generation system of the present invention includes a turbine-type power generator disposed in an exhaust pipe, a sound absorbing material that covers an outer periphery of the pipe in a region where the power generator is disposed, and a region covered with the sound absorbing material. includes a plurality of openings for communicating the inside and outside of the pipe in the pipe, and a control unit for controlling the generator, the control unit, by adjusting the output of the generator, it flows inside the pipe It intends line the air volume adjustment of the air.
The dust collector system of this invention is equipped with said electric power generation system and the dust collector arrange | positioned in the upstream of the said generator.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a power generation system capable of effectively silencing in a dust collector system in a factory or the like.

It is a figure which shows a general dust collector system, such as a factory, which concerns on background art. It is a figure which shows the dust collector system which applied the electric power generation system based on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the noise reduction and turbine type electric power generating apparatus based on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows a simulation result (turbine rotation speed 750rpm) about the wind speed inside piping by the turbine type windmill based on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows a simulation result (turbine rotation speed 1250rpm) about the wind speed inside piping by the turbine type windmill based on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows a simulation result (turbine rotation speed 1750rpm) about the wind speed inside piping by the turbine type windmill based on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the generator no load voltage experiment data based on this embodiment.

  Next, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “embodiments”) will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the dust collector system 1 according to the present embodiment, in which the power generation system 10 is applied to the dust collector system as shown in FIG. Specifically, in the dust collector system 1, a dust collector 32 is installed downstream of the work room, and an exhaust pipe 20 is installed downstream thereof.

  Inside the pipe 20, an exhaust fan 33 and a generator 50 are arranged from the dust collector 32 side. This generator 50 is a muffler / turbine type wind power generator. Furthermore, a power generation control unit 60 that controls the generator 50 is provided, and controls the power supply to a predetermined load 80, the storage of electricity to the battery 75, and the flow rate of the exhaust of the pipe 20.

  This power generation system 10 has an air volume adjustment damper function by varying the torque of the generator 50. Therefore, the air volume adjustment damper disposed upstream of the exhaust fan 33 as shown in FIG. 1 is not necessary. That is, the generator 50 adjusts the air volume of the air flowing through the pipe 20 by adjusting the output. Moreover, in this dust collector system 1, since the generator 50 grade | etc., Fulfill | performs a silencer function, the silencer installed in the exhaust port part of the piping 20 is omitted.

  The power generation control unit 60 converts the alternating current generated by the generator 50 into a direct current, supplies power to the load 80, and accumulates surplus power in the battery 75.

  Specifically, the power generation control unit 60 controls the respective components in an integrated manner to perform processing of power generation control, power storage control, and power supply control, a rectifier circuit 61 having a general configuration, DC stability Circuit section 63 and constant voltage circuit section 64. An air volume measurement switch 62 is provided between the rectifier circuit 61 and the DC stabilization circuit unit 63.

  Further, the power output from the DC stabilization circuit unit 63 is supplied to the load 80 through the constant voltage circuit unit 64 and is supplied to the battery 75 through the transistor TR2. A discharge switch 65 is disposed in parallel with the transistor TR2.

  The arithmetic processing unit 70 is connected to the rectifier circuit 61 and acquires a generator voltage. Further, the arithmetic processing unit 70 outputs an air volume measurement control signal to the air volume measurement switch 62, outputs a charge control signal to the transistor TR2, and supplies power from the battery 75 to the load 80 to the discharge switch 65. It outputs a discharge control signal for supply.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a region of the generator 50 and the pipe 20 in which the generator 50 is disposed. As shown in the drawing, in the region of the pipe 20 where the generator 50 is arranged, a large number of small holes 42 communicating between the inside and outside of the pipe are formed on one side. Further, a sound absorbing material 41 such as glass wool is wound around the outer periphery of the pipe 20 in which the small holes 42 are formed. The small hole 42 and the sound absorbing material 41 constitute a so-called silencer.

  The generator 50 includes a generator body 51, a turbine blade 52 attached to an upstream rotary shaft, and a rectifying stationary blade 53 attached to the upstream side. The rotating shaft tip 54 has a rocket shape, suppresses the turbulence of the airflow, and effectively blows air in the direction of the silencer (sound absorbing material 41, small hole 42) provided on the peripheral surface of the turbine blade 52 or the pipe 20. Let

  That is, the airflow (exhaust air) collected to rotate the turbine blade 52 is diffused in the circumferential direction by the rotation of the turbine blade 52 and is blown to the circumferential surface side of the pipe 20 to be silenced (sound absorbing material 41, small holes). 42), the sound can be suppressed.

  By adopting such a structure, there is no pressure loss in the piping system, so the pressure loss is only the structural portion of the generator 50. In addition, the experimental value of the electric power generation level and rotation speed at the time of operating a turbine type wind power generator with the pipe internal diameter of 550 mm at the time of flow velocity of 15 m / s is shown. The power generation is 300 W and the rotation speed is 1093 rpm. If the load is lighter than this, the rotation speed increases. Note that the pressure loss of the turbine type wind power generator measured at the time of the flow rate of 15 m / s is about 127 Pa, and the conventional silencer pressure loss is about 140 Pa. It was confirmed that by replacing with a generator (generator 50), pressure loss was reduced and noise was not increased.

  As a reference example, FIGS. 4 to 6 show the results of calculation of the wind speed inside a pipe by a turbine type wind turbine (corresponding to the generator 50) by simulation. FIG. 4 shows the results when the rotational speed of the turbine type windmill is 750 rpm, FIG. 5 shows the results when the rotational speed is 1250 rpm, and FIG. 6 shows the results when the rotational speed is 1750 rpm. The simulation is a result of showing the rotational speed and flow velocity distribution of the turbine type wind turbine in shades at a pipe inner diameter of 550 mm and a flow velocity of 15 m / s. The dark color is the part where the flow rate is high and the light color is the part where the flow rate is low.

  As the rotational speed of the turbine type wind turbine increases, the flow velocity in the central portion is almost constant, but the flow velocity in the circumferential portion increases. As the circumferential flow velocity increases, the pressure in the circumferential portion decreases, so that the wind flows outwardly.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, an infinite number of small holes 42 are provided around the circumference of the pipe 20, and a sound absorbing material 41 such as glass wool is wound around the pipe 20, thereby rotating the generator 50 (turbine blade 52). It can be confirmed that the more the number is increased, that is, the more the sound is likely to be generated, the more the sound flows, and the noise reduction effect increases.

  Next, a control process particularly characteristic in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When the pressure loss of the piping system increases, the exhaust air volume decreases and the power generation amount of the generator 50 decreases. At this time, if the charge control current of the charge current I2 flowing from the DC stabilization circuit 63 to the transistor TR2 is relaxed, the generator torque is reduced and the air volume of the exhaust fan 33 is increased. If the charging current I2 is relaxed and the charging current I2 finally becomes 0 and the pressure cannot be adjusted, and the removal filter 31 is replaced, the function of the air volume adjustment damper and the removal filter 31 of the dust collector 32 are assumed. Can be determined by the value of the charging current I2.

  Further, it is possible to measure the air volume in the pipe 20 that changes depending on the dust state of the removal filter from the no-load voltage of the generator 50.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing measured data of the generator no-load voltage and flow velocity of the generator 50 (turbine type wind power generator). As shown in the figure, there is a correlation between the generator no-load voltage and the flow velocity, and it is shown that the air volume in the pipe 20 can be calculated by measuring the generator no-load voltage.

  Specifically, the air volume measurement switch 62 in FIG. 2 is turned OFF by a periodic timer, and the generator voltage (V) in the no-load state is measured. The air volume can be measured from this voltage value.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to recover the energy from the exhaust air without reducing the pressure loss and increasing the exhaust noise by replacing the silencer turbine type exhaust air generator with the conventional silencer. It becomes.

  The present invention has been described based on the embodiments. This embodiment is an exemplification, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the combination of each component and processing process, and such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention.

  For example, although the silencer installed at the exhaust port portion of the pipe 20 and the air volume adjustment damper arranged upstream from the exhaust fan 33 are not required, these configurations may be installed. Even in that case, the silencer and the air volume adjusting damper can be reduced in size compared to the conventional one, and the noise reduction of the dust collector system 1 is improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust collector system 10 Power generation system 20 Piping 31 Removal filter 32 Dust collector 33 Exhaust fan 41 Sound absorbing material 42 Small hole 50 Generator 51 Generator main body 52 Turbine blade 53 Stator blade 54 Rotary shaft tip 60 Power generation controller 61 Rectifier circuit 62 Air volume Measurement switch 63 DC stabilization circuit section 64 Constant voltage circuit section 65 Discharge switch 70 Arithmetic processing section 75 Battery 80 Load

Claims (2)

A turbine-type generator arranged in the pipe;
A sound-absorbing material covering the outer periphery of the pipe in the region where the generator is disposed;
A plurality of openings communicating with the inside and outside of the pipe in the pipe in the region covered with the sound absorbing material;
A control unit for controlling the generator;
Equipped with a,
The said control part adjusts the air volume of the air which flows through the said piping by adjusting the output of the said generator, The electric power generation system characterized by the above-mentioned .   A power generation system according to claim 1;
  A dust collector disposed upstream of the generator;
  A dust collector system comprising:

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