JP5459892B2 - Solar thermal collector for hot water supply and hot water supply system using the same - Google Patents

Solar thermal collector for hot water supply and hot water supply system using the same Download PDF

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JP5459892B2
JP5459892B2 JP2009180150A JP2009180150A JP5459892B2 JP 5459892 B2 JP5459892 B2 JP 5459892B2 JP 2009180150 A JP2009180150 A JP 2009180150A JP 2009180150 A JP2009180150 A JP 2009180150A JP 5459892 B2 JP5459892 B2 JP 5459892B2
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博孝 和田
和之 前田
創喜 福室
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Description

本発明は、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置及びそれを用いた給湯システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus for hot water supply and a hot water supply system using the same.

太陽熱集熱板の背面側に給湯用の熱交換管が設けられ、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水を、太陽熱集熱板に集熱された太陽熱で加温するようになされた給湯用太陽熱集熱装置は従来より提供されている。     A hot water supply heat exchange pipe is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate, and the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe is heated by the solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate. A heat collecting apparatus has been conventionally provided.

特許第４０２７２１２号公報Japanese Patent No. 4027212

しかしながら、従来の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置は、太陽熱を集熱できないときでも給湯を行うことができるようにするため、太陽熱集熱装置とは別に貯湯槽が備えられ、該貯湯槽に貯湯された温水を給湯に用いるシステム構成が採用されており、貯湯槽の設置のための大きなスペースを必要とするという問題があった。   However, the conventional solar heat collecting device for hot water supply is provided with a hot water storage tank separately from the solar heat collecting device and stored in the hot water storage tank so that hot water can be supplied even when solar heat cannot be collected. A system configuration using hot water for hot water supply is adopted, and there is a problem that a large space is required for installing a hot water storage tank.

本発明は、上記のような問題点に鑑み、太陽熱を集熱することができないときでも給湯を行うことができ、しかも、それを貯湯槽なく実現することができる給湯用太陽熱集熱装置及びそれを用いた給湯システムを提供することを課題とする。   In view of the above problems, the present invention can perform hot water supply even when solar heat cannot be collected, and can achieve it without a hot water storage tank, and a solar heat collector for hot water supply and the same It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water supply system using a hot water.

上記の課題は、太陽熱集熱板の背面側に、該太陽熱集熱板で集熱した太陽熱を太陽熱集熱板から受けて蓄熱する蓄熱層と、給湯用の熱交換管とが設けられ、該給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水が蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱で加温されるようになされていることを特徴とする給湯用太陽熱集熱装置によって解決される（第１発明）。   The above-mentioned problem is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate, a heat storage layer for receiving and storing solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate from the solar heat collecting plate, and a heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, This is solved by a hot water solar heat collecting device characterized in that water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe is heated by solar heat stored in the heat storage layer (first invention).

この装置では、太陽熱集熱板で集熱した太陽熱が蓄熱層に蓄熱されるようになされているので、太陽熱集熱板が太陽熱を集熱することができないときでも、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水は、蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱で加温され、貯湯槽がなくても、給湯を行うことができる。   In this device, the solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate is stored in the heat storage layer, so even if the solar heat collecting plate cannot collect solar heat, it passes through the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply. The water to be heated is heated by solar heat stored in the heat storage layer, and hot water can be supplied without a hot water storage tank.

しかも、蓄熱層は太陽熱集熱板の背面側に備えられていて、太陽熱集熱板とともに太陽熱集熱装置を構成するように備えられているので、貯湯槽を設置する場合のようなスペース確保の必要もない。   In addition, since the heat storage layer is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate and is configured to constitute a solar heat collecting device together with the solar heat collecting plate, a space securing as in the case of installing a hot water storage tank is ensured. There is no need.

第１発明において、前記蓄熱層に熱媒循環管が設けられ、該熱媒循環管に設けられたポンプを駆動して熱媒循環管内の熱媒を循環させることにより、蓄熱層の温度が強制的に均等化されるようになされているとよい（第２発明）。   In the first invention, a heat medium circulation pipe is provided in the heat storage layer, and a pump provided in the heat medium circulation pipe is driven to circulate the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe, thereby forcing the temperature of the heat storage layer. It is better to be equalized (second invention).

この場合は、ポンプを駆動して熱媒循環管内の熱媒を循環させておくことにより、太陽熱の集熱中は、太陽熱を蓄熱層に効率良く蓄熱させていくことができる。   In this case, by driving the pump to circulate the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe, solar heat can be efficiently stored in the heat storage layer during solar heat collection.

のみならず、給湯用熱交換管内での水の通過を継続していると、蓄熱層に蓄熱されている太陽熱は、給湯用熱交換管の上流側において下流側よりも多く奪われ、給湯用熱交換管の上流側の蓄熱層部分の温度が低下して、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水と蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱との熱交換効率が低下していくが、ポンプを駆動して熱媒循環管内の熱媒を循環させることにより、蓄熱層の温度が強制的に均等化され、それによって、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水を蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱で効率良く加温していくことができる。   Not only that, but if water continues to pass through the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer is taken away more on the upstream side of the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply than on the downstream side. The temperature of the heat storage layer on the upstream side of the heat exchange pipe decreases and the heat exchange efficiency between the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe and the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer decreases, but the pump is driven. By circulating the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe, the temperature of the heat storage layer is forcibly equalized, so that the water passing through the hot water heat exchange pipe is efficiently added by the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer. Can keep warm.

第２発明において、前記熱媒循環管が前記給湯用熱交換管に沿うように設けられ、熱媒循環管内の熱媒が、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水に対して対向流となって循環し、熱媒循環管内の熱媒と給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水とが熱交換を行うようになされている場合は（第３発明）、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水と太陽熱との熱交換効率をより一層高いものにすることができる。   In the second invention, the heat medium circulation pipe is provided along the hot water supply heat exchange pipe, and the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe is opposed to the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe. When heat is exchanged between the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circulation pipe and the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe (third invention), the water passing through the hot water heat exchange pipe and solar heat The heat exchange efficiency with can be further increased.

第２，第３発明において、前記給湯用熱交換管と熱媒循環管とがツイン管で構成され、該ツイン管が、蓄熱層においてツイン状態のまま蛇行状に曲成されて備えられているとよい（第４発明）。この場合は、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置への給湯用熱交換管と熱媒循環管との組込みを製作容易に行うことができる。   In the second and third inventions, the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply and the heat medium circulation pipe are constituted by twin pipes, and the twin pipes are bent in a meandering manner in a twin state in the heat storage layer. (4th invention). In this case, it is possible to easily manufacture the hot water supply heat exchange pipe and the heat medium circulation pipe into the hot water supply solar heat collector.

第１〜第４発明において、前記太陽熱集熱板の太陽光受光面側に、対向するガラス板間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が気密状態に充填された透明多孔質断熱材入りの複層ガラスが設けられ、前記透明多孔質断熱材入り複層ガラスを通じて太陽熱集熱板に集熱された太陽熱の放散及び蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱の放散を該複層ガラスの透明多孔質断熱材が防ぐようになされているとよい（第５発明）。   In the first to fourth inventions, a transparent porous heat insulating material containing a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel in an airtight state between opposed glass plates is provided on the solar light receiving surface side of the solar heat collecting plate. Transparent porous heat insulation of the multi-layer glass provided with multi-layer glass, dissipating solar heat collected on the solar heat collecting plate through the multi-layer glass with transparent porous heat insulating material, and dissipating solar heat stored in the heat storage layer The material should be made to prevent (5th invention).

この場合は、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の作用によって、太陽熱集熱板による太陽熱の集熱を効率良く行うことができ、しかも、こうして太陽熱集熱板に集熱され、蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱の放熱を効果的に抑制することができるのはもとより、
シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が、対向するガラス板間に気密状態に充填されているので、内部に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化しても、それがシリカエアロゲル内に侵入することがなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の白化を防ぐことができて耐久性を向上することができると共に、
シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材と太陽熱集熱板との間には、複層ガラスを構成している一方のガラス板が存在しているので、太陽熱集熱板が温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を行っても、その影響をシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が受けることはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の割れも防ぐことができて耐久性を向上することができる。 In this case, solar heat collection by the solar heat collecting plate can be efficiently performed by the action of the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel, and the heat is thus collected by the solar heat collecting plate and stored in the heat storage layer. In addition to being able to effectively suppress the heat radiation of the solar heat,
Since the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plates, even if rainwater that has entered the interior is steamed, it does not enter the silica aerogel, so In addition to being able to prevent whitening of the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel and improving durability,
Between the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel and the solar heat collecting plate, there is one glass plate constituting the multi-layer glass, so the solar heat collecting plate is thermally expanded by temperature change. Even if the shrinkage is performed, the effect is not affected by the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel, and therefore the cracking of the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel can be prevented and durability can be improved. it can.

また、本発明は、第１〜第５発明の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置の給湯用熱交換管の入口部に接続された給水配管にフロースイッチが設けられると共に、
該フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部と、給湯用熱交換管の出口部に接続された給湯配管部とに、水落としバルブが設けられ、かつ、
給湯栓を開いてフロースイッチがオンになると、前記水落としバルブを閉じ、給湯栓を閉じてフロースイッチがオフになると、水落としバルブが開く制御を行う制御部が備えられ、
給湯栓を閉じて水落としバルブが開くと、フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部内の水、給湯用熱交換管内の水及び給湯配管内の水が落とされるようになされていることを特徴とする給湯システムを含む（第６発明）。 Moreover, the present invention is provided with a flow switch in the water supply pipe connected to the inlet portion of the hot water supply heat exchange pipe of the solar heat collecting apparatus for hot water supply of the first to fifth inventions,
A water drop valve is provided in the water supply piping section on the downstream side of the flow switch and the hot water supply piping section connected to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, and
When the hot water tap is opened and the flow switch is turned on, the water drop valve is closed, and when the hot water tap is closed and the flow switch is turned off, a control unit is provided for performing control to open the water drop valve,
When the water tap is closed and the water drop valve is opened, the water in the water supply piping section downstream of the flow switch, the water in the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, and the water in the hot water supply pipe are dropped. A hot water supply system is included (6th invention).

この給湯システムでは、給湯栓を開いてフロースイッチがオンになると、水落としバルブを閉じ、給湯栓を閉じてフロースイッチがオフになると、水落としバルブが開く制御を行う制御部が備えられているので、冬季において管内の水が凍結して管が破裂してしまうおそれがあるようなときには、給湯栓を閉じさえすれば水落としバルブが開いて凍結による管の破裂は防がれ、また、そのようなときでも、給湯栓を開きさえすれば水落としバルブが閉じて給湯することができ、水落しと給湯に必要な操作を容易にすることができる。更に、夏季には、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置における給湯用熱交換管内での沸騰を防止することも可能になる。   In this hot water supply system, there is a control unit that performs control to open the water dropping valve when the hot water tap is opened and the flow switch is turned on, and the water dropping valve is closed, and when the hot water tap is closed and the flow switch is turned off. Therefore, when there is a possibility that the water in the pipe will freeze and the pipe may burst in winter, the water drop valve opens as long as the hot water tap is closed, and the pipe is prevented from bursting due to freezing. Even in such a case, as long as the hot-water tap is opened, the water dropping valve can be closed and hot water can be supplied, and operations necessary for draining and hot water can be facilitated. Furthermore, in the summer, it is possible to prevent boiling in the hot water supply heat exchange pipe in the hot water supply solar thermal collector.

第６発明において、フロースイッチの上流側の給水配管部内の水の温度を検知する温度センサーが備えられ、
前記制御部は、該温度センサーで検知された水の温度情報に基づいて、フロースイッチの上流側の給水配管部内の水の温度が、フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部内の水、給湯用熱交換管内の水及び給湯配管内の水に凍結を生じさせうる所定の温度以下となったとき、前記水落としバルブの開閉制御を行い、該温度を越える温度において、水落としバルブを閉じた状態に保持する制御をするようになされているとよい（第７発明）。 In the sixth invention, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the water in the water supply pipe upstream of the flow switch is provided,
Based on the temperature information of the water detected by the temperature sensor, the control unit determines that the temperature of the water in the water supply piping upstream of the flow switch is the water in the water supply piping downstream of the flow switch, the heat for hot water supply When the water in the exchange pipe and the water in the hot water supply pipe become below a predetermined temperature that can cause freezing, the water drop valve is controlled to open and close at a temperature exceeding the temperature. It is good to carry out control to hold (seventh invention).

この場合は、冬季において管内の水が凍結して管が破裂してしまうおそれない場合には、給湯栓の開閉にかかわらず、水落としバルブは閉じた状態に保持され、無用な水落しが行われるのを防ぐことができる。   In this case, if there is no risk of the water in the pipe freezing and rupturing in the winter, the water drop valve is kept closed regardless of whether the hot water tap is opened or closed, and unnecessary water drop is performed. Can be prevented.

本発明は、以上のとおりのものであるから、太陽熱を集熱することができないときでも給湯を行うことができ、しかも、それを貯湯槽なく実現することができる。   Since the present invention is as described above, hot water can be supplied even when solar heat cannot be collected, and it can be realized without a hot water tank.

図（イ）は実施形態の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置を示すもので、図（ロ）のＩ−Ｉ線断面図、図（ロ）は同装置の平面図である。FIG. 1 (a) shows a solar water heat collecting apparatus for hot water supply according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II, and FIG. 同装置を用いた給湯システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the hot water supply system using the same apparatus.

次に、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１に示す実施形態の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１は、パネル状に構成されたもので、同給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１において、２は太陽熱集熱板であり、３は蓄熱層、４は給湯用熱交換管、５は熱媒循環管である。   The hot water solar heat collecting apparatus 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is configured in a panel shape. In the hot water solar heat collecting apparatus 1, 2 is a solar heat collecting plate, 3 is a heat storage layer, 4 Is a heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, and 5 is a heat medium circulation pipe.

太陽熱集熱板２は、例えば、金属板の表面部に太陽光吸収性能と赤外線放射抑制性能の両方に優れた選択吸収膜が設けられたもの、あるいは、金属板の表面部に黒色塗料を塗布したもの等からなっており、該太陽熱集熱板２の背面側に、蓄熱層３と給湯用熱交換管４と熱媒循環管５とが備えられている。   The solar heat collecting plate 2 is, for example, a surface of a metal plate provided with a selective absorption film excellent in both sunlight absorption performance and infrared radiation suppression performance, or a black paint is applied to the surface of the metal plate The heat storage layer 3, the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4, and the heat medium circulation pipe 5 are provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate 2.

蓄熱層３は、潜熱蓄熱材等からなっていて、太陽熱集熱板２で集熱した太陽熱を太陽熱集熱板２から受けて蓄熱するようになされている。   The heat storage layer 3 is made of a latent heat storage material or the like, and receives solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate 2 from the solar heat collecting plate 2 and stores the heat.

また、給湯用熱交換管４と熱媒循環管５とは、ツイン管６を用いて構成されており、該ツイン管６は、蓄熱層３において、ツイン状態のまま蛇行状に曲成されて備えられている。   Further, the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 and the heat medium circulation pipe 5 are configured by using a twin pipe 6, and the twin pipe 6 is bent in a meandering manner in a twin state in the heat storage layer 3. Is provided.

そして、ツイン管６の一方の管部は、給湯用熱交換管４として、内部を通過する水が、蓄熱層３に蓄熱された太陽熱で加温されるようになされており、
ツイン管６のもう一方の管部は、熱媒循環管５として、その両端部が蓄熱層３の外においてポンプ７に接続され、内部には不凍液などからなる熱媒が入れられ、ポンプ７を駆動して熱媒循環管５内の熱媒を循環させることにより、蓄熱層３の温度を強制的に均等化することができるようになされていると共に、
熱媒循環管５内の熱媒は、ポンプ７を駆動することで、給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水に対して対向流となって循環するようになされていて、熱媒循環管５内の熱媒と給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水とが熱交換を行うようになされている。 And the one pipe part of the twin pipe 6 is made so that the water which passes through the inside as the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 is heated by the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer 3,
The other pipe portion of the twin pipe 6 is a heat medium circulation pipe 5, and both ends thereof are connected to the pump 7 outside the heat storage layer 3, and a heat medium made of an antifreeze liquid or the like is placed inside the twin pipe 6. By driving and circulating the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 5, the temperature of the heat storage layer 3 can be forcibly equalized,
The heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 5 is circulated in a counterflow with respect to the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 by driving the pump 7. The heat medium in 5 and water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 exchange heat.

また、太陽熱集熱板２の太陽光受光面側には、対向するガラス板９，１０間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１を気密状態に充填した透明多孔質断熱材入りの複層ガラス８が、その一方のガラス板１０を太陽熱集熱板２の太陽光受光面と透明多孔質断熱材１１との間に存在させるようにして備えられ、該複層ガラス８を通じて太陽熱集熱板２に集熱された太陽熱の放散、及び、蓄熱層３に蓄熱された太陽熱の放散を、該複層ガラス８の透明多孔質断熱材１１が防ぐようになされている。   Further, on the solar light receiving surface side of the solar heat collecting plate 2, a multilayer containing a transparent porous heat insulating material in which a transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica airgel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plates 9 and 10. A glass 8 is provided so that one glass plate 10 exists between the solar light receiving surface of the solar heat collecting plate 2 and the transparent porous heat insulating material 11, and the solar heat collecting plate is provided through the multilayer glass 8. The transparent porous heat insulating material 11 of the double-glazed glass 8 prevents the diffusion of solar heat collected in 2 and the diffusion of solar heat stored in the heat storage layer 3.

上記の太陽熱集熱板２、蓄熱層３、給湯用熱交換管４、熱媒循環管５及び透明多孔質断熱材入り複層ガラス８は、周囲枠１２と背板１３とで囲まれた内部に収容されて一体化され、パネル状の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１を構成している。１４は断熱材である。   The solar heat collecting plate 2, the heat storage layer 3, the heat exchange pipe 4 for hot water supply, the heat medium circulation pipe 5, and the multilayer glass 8 with a transparent porous heat insulating material are surrounded by a peripheral frame 12 and a back plate 13. The panel-shaped solar water heat collecting apparatus 1 is integrated. Reference numeral 14 denotes a heat insulating material.

上記の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１では、太陽熱集熱板２で集熱した太陽熱が蓄熱層３に蓄熱されるようになされているので、太陽熱集熱板２が太陽熱を集熱することができないときでも、給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水は、蓄熱層３に蓄熱された太陽熱で加温され、貯湯槽がなくても、給湯を行うことができる。   In the solar water heat collecting apparatus 1 for hot water supply, since the solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate 2 is stored in the heat storage layer 3, the solar heat collecting plate 2 cannot collect solar heat. Even when the water passing through the hot water heat exchange pipe 4 is heated by the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer 3, hot water can be supplied without a hot water storage tank.

しかも、蓄熱層３は太陽熱集熱板２の背面側に備えられていて、太陽熱集熱板２とともに太陽熱集熱装置１を構成するように備えられているので、貯湯槽を設置する場合のようなスペース確保の必要もない。   Moreover, since the heat storage layer 3 is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate 2 and is provided so as to constitute the solar heat collecting device 1 together with the solar heat collecting plate 2, as in the case of installing a hot water storage tank. There is no need to secure extra space.

また、蓄熱層３には熱媒循環管５が設けられ、ポンプ７を駆動して熱媒循環管５内の熱媒を循環させることにより、蓄熱層３の温度が強制的に均等化されるようになされているので、太陽熱の集熱中、太陽熱を蓄熱層３に効率良く蓄熱させていくことができるのみならず、給湯用熱交換管４内での水の通過を継続することによって、蓄熱層３に蓄熱されている太陽熱が、給湯用熱交換管４の上流側において下流側よりも多く奪われ、給湯用熱交換管４の上流側の蓄熱層部分の温度が低下しようとしても、熱媒循環管５内の熱媒の循環により、蓄熱層３の温度は強制的に均等化され、それによって、給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水を蓄熱層３に蓄熱された太陽熱で効率良く加温していくことができる。   The heat storage layer 3 is provided with a heat medium circulation pipe 5, and the temperature of the heat storage layer 3 is forcibly equalized by driving the pump 7 to circulate the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 5. Thus, during solar heat collection, not only can solar heat be efficiently stored in the heat storage layer 3, but also heat can be stored by continuing the passage of water in the heat exchange pipe 4 for hot water supply. Even if the solar heat stored in the layer 3 is deprived more on the upstream side of the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 than on the downstream side, the temperature of the heat storage layer portion on the upstream side of the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 is reduced. By the circulation of the heat medium in the medium circulation pipe 5, the temperature of the heat storage layer 3 is forcibly equalized, whereby the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 is efficiently converted by solar heat stored in the heat storage layer 3. Can warm well.

特に、熱媒循環管５内の熱媒は、給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水に対して対向流となって循環し、熱媒循環管５内の熱媒と給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水とが熱交換を行うようになされているので、給湯用熱交換管４内を通過する水と太陽熱との熱交換効率をより一層高いものにすることができる。   In particular, the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 5 circulates in a counterflow with respect to the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4, and the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 5 and the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply Since heat passing through the water passing through the inside 4 is made to perform heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency between the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 and solar heat can be further increased.

更に、上記の給湯用熱交換管４と熱媒循環管５とは、ツイン管を用いて構成されているので、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１への給湯用熱交換管４と熱媒循環管５との組込みを製作容易に行うことができる。   Furthermore, since the heat exchange pipe 4 and the heat medium circulation pipe 5 are configured using twin pipes, the heat exchange pipe 4 and the heat medium circulation pipe for the hot water supply solar heat collecting apparatus 1 are used. 5 can be easily manufactured.

また、太陽熱集熱板２の太陽光受光面側に、対向するガラス板９，１０間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１が気密状態に充填された透明多孔質断熱材入りの複層ガラス８が設けられているので、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１の作用によって、太陽熱集熱板２による太陽熱の集熱を効率良く行うことができ、しかも、こうして太陽熱集熱板２に集熱され、蓄熱層３に蓄熱された太陽熱の放熱を効果的に抑制することができるのはもとより、
シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１が、対向するガラス板９，１０間に気密状態に充填されているので、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１の内部に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化しても、それがシリカエアロゲル内に侵入することがなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１の白化を防ぐことができ、また、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１と太陽熱集熱板２との間には、複層ガラス８を構成している一方のガラス板１０が存在しているので、太陽熱集熱板２が温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を行っても、その影響をシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１が受けることはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材１１の割れも防ぐことができて、給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１の耐久性を高いものにすることができる。 Further, a multilayer containing a transparent porous heat insulating material in which a transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plates 9 and 10 on the solar light receiving surface side of the solar heat collecting plate 2. Since the glass 8 is provided, it is possible to efficiently collect solar heat by the solar heat collecting plate 2 by the action of the transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica aerogel. In addition to being able to effectively suppress the radiation of solar heat collected and stored in the heat storage layer 3,
Since the transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plates 9 and 10, even if rainwater that has entered the interior of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 for hot water supply is steamed, Does not penetrate into the silica airgel, and therefore, whitening of the transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica airgel can be prevented, and the transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica airgel and the solar heat collecting plate 2 Since there is one glass plate 10 constituting the multi-layer glass 8 between them, even if the solar heat collecting plate 2 undergoes thermal expansion and contraction due to a temperature change, the influence of the heat from the silica airgel Therefore, the transparent porous heat insulating material 11 made of silica aerogel can be prevented from cracking, so that the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 for hot water supply can be prevented. It is possible to higher the durability.

上記のパネル状太陽熱集熱装置１は、図２に示すように、給湯用熱交換管４の入口部４ａに給水配管１５が接続されると共に、給湯用熱交換管４の出口部４ｂに給湯配管１６が接続され、蓄熱層３に太陽熱が蓄熱された状態において、給湯栓１７を開くと、給水配管１５からの水が給湯用太陽熱集熱装置１の給湯用熱交換管４内を通過して加温され、給湯配管１６を通じて給湯栓１７から給湯されるようになされて、太陽熱集熱給湯システムを構成する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the panel-shaped solar heat collecting apparatus 1 has a water supply pipe 15 connected to the inlet 4 a of the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 and a hot water supply to the outlet 4 b of the hot water heat exchange pipe 4. When the hot water tap 17 is opened in the state where the pipe 16 is connected and solar heat is stored in the heat storage layer 3, the water from the water supply pipe 15 passes through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 of the hot water supply solar heat collector 1. Then, the hot water is supplied from the hot water tap 17 through the hot water supply pipe 16 to constitute a solar heat collecting hot water supply system.

この給湯システムにおいて、給水配管１５にはフロースイッチ１８が設けられ、フロースイッチ１８の下流側の給水配管部１５ａと、給湯配管部１６とに、電磁式などからなる水落としバルブ１９，２０が設けられ、給湯栓１７を開いてフロースイッチ１８がオンになると、水落としバルブ１９，２０を閉じ、給湯栓１７を閉じてフロースイッチ１８がオフになると、水落としバルブ１９，２０が開く制御が行われ、給湯栓１７を閉じて水落としバルブ１９，２０が開くと、フロースイッチ１８の下流側の給水配管部１５ａ内の水、給湯用熱交換管４内の水及び給湯配管１６内の水が落とされるようになされている。なお、本実施形態では、制御部は、フロースイッチ１８に組み込まれている。   In this hot water supply system, the water supply pipe 15 is provided with a flow switch 18, and the water supply pipe section 15 a on the downstream side of the flow switch 18 and the hot water supply pipe section 16 are provided with water drop valves 19, 20 made of electromagnetic or the like. When the hot water tap 17 is opened and the flow switch 18 is turned on, the water drop valves 19 and 20 are closed. When the hot water tap 17 is closed and the flow switch 18 is turned off, the water drop valves 19 and 20 are opened. When the hot water tap 17 is closed and the water drop valves 19 and 20 are opened, the water in the water supply piping section 15a on the downstream side of the flow switch 18, the water in the hot water supply heat exchange pipe 4 and the water in the hot water supply pipe 16 are discharged. It is made to be dropped. In the present embodiment, the control unit is incorporated in the flow switch 18.

また、本実施形態の給湯システムでは、フロースイッチ１８に上流側の給水配管部１５ｂ内の水の温度を検知する温度センサー２１が備えられており、上記の制御部は、温度センサー２１で検知された水の温度情報に基づいて、フロースイッチ１８の上流側の給水配管部１５ｂ内の水の温度が、フロースイッチ１８の下流側の給水配管部１５ａ内の水、給湯用熱交換管４内の水及び給湯配管１６内の水に凍結を生じさせうる所定の温度以下となったとき、水落としバルブ１９，２０の開閉制御を行い、該温度を越える温度において、水落としバルブ１９，２０を閉じた状態に保持する制御をするようになされている。なお、２２は自動給気弁、２３は二次加熱用のボイラー、２４は湯温調整用の混合弁である。   Further, in the hot water supply system of the present embodiment, the flow switch 18 is provided with a temperature sensor 21 that detects the temperature of the water in the upstream water supply pipe section 15b, and the control section is detected by the temperature sensor 21. On the basis of the temperature information of the water, the temperature of the water in the water supply pipe section 15b on the upstream side of the flow switch 18 is the water in the water supply pipe section 15a on the downstream side of the flow switch 18, When the temperature in the water and hot water supply pipe 16 becomes lower than a predetermined temperature at which freezing can occur, the water drop valves 19 and 20 are controlled to open and close, and the water drop valves 19 and 20 are closed at a temperature exceeding the temperature. It is made to control to keep in the state. In addition, 22 is an automatic air supply valve, 23 is a boiler for secondary heating, 24 is a mixing valve for hot water temperature adjustment.

この給湯システムでは、給湯栓１７を開いてフロースイッチ１８がオンになると、水落としバルブ１９，２０が閉じ、給湯栓１７を閉じてフロースイッチ１８がオフになると、水落としバルブ１９，２０が開く制御が行われるようになされているので、冬季において管内の水が凍結して管が破裂してしまうおそれがあるようなときには、給湯栓１７を閉じさえすれば水落としバルブ１９，２０が開いて凍結による管の破裂が防がれ、また、そのようなときでも、給湯栓１７を開きさえすれば水落としバルブ１９，２０が閉じて給湯することができ、水落しと給湯に必要な操作を容易にすることができる。   In this hot water supply system, when the hot water tap 17 is opened and the flow switch 18 is turned on, the water dropping valves 19 and 20 are closed. When the hot water tap 17 is closed and the flow switch 18 is turned off, the water dropping valves 19 and 20 are opened. Since the control is performed, when there is a possibility that the water in the pipe freezes and the pipe bursts in winter, the water drop valves 19 and 20 are opened only by closing the hot water tap 17. The pipe can be prevented from rupturing due to freezing, and even in such a case, as long as the hot water tap 17 is opened, the water drop valves 19 and 20 can be closed and hot water can be supplied. Can be easily.

また、本実施形態では、フロースイッチ１８の上流側の給水配管部１５ｂ内の水の温度を検知する温度センサー２１が備えられ、該温度センサー２１で検知された水の温度情報に基づいて、フロースイッチ１８の上流側の給水配管部１５ｂ内の水の温度が、フロースイッチ１８の下流側の給水配管部１５ａ内の水、給湯用熱交換管４内の水及び給湯配管１６内の水に凍結を生じさせうる所定の温度以下となったとき、上記のような水落としバルブ１９，２０の開閉制御が行われ、該温度を越える温度においては、水落としバルブ１９，２０を閉じた状態に保持する制御が行われるようになされているので、冬季において管内の水が凍結して管が破裂してしまうおそれない場合には、給湯栓１７の開閉にかかわらず、水落としバルブ１９，２０は閉じた状態に保持され、無用な水落しが行われるのを防ぐことができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, a temperature sensor 21 that detects the temperature of the water in the water supply pipe portion 15b on the upstream side of the flow switch 18 is provided, and based on the temperature information of the water detected by the temperature sensor 21, the flow The temperature of the water in the water supply pipe 15b upstream of the switch 18 is frozen in the water in the water supply pipe 15a downstream of the flow switch 18, the water in the hot water heat exchange pipe 4 and the water in the hot water supply pipe 16. When the temperature drops below a predetermined temperature at which the water drops can occur, the opening and closing control of the water drop valves 19 and 20 is performed. When the temperature exceeds the temperature, the water drop valves 19 and 20 are kept closed. Therefore, when there is no fear that the water in the pipe freezes and the pipe is ruptured in the winter, the water dropping valves 19 and 20 regardless of whether the hot water tap 17 is opened or closed. Is held in the closed state, it is possible to prevent unnecessary water drop takes place.

１…給湯用太陽熱集熱装置
２…太陽熱集熱板
３…蓄熱層
４…給湯用熱交換管
４ａ…入口部
４ｂ…出口部
５…熱媒循環管
６…ツイン管
７…ポンプ
８…複層ガラス
９，１０…ガラス板
１１…シリカエアロゲル（透明多孔質断熱材）
１５…給水配管
１６…給湯配管
１７…給湯栓
１８…フロースイッチ
１９，２０…水落としバルブ
２１…温度センサー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar heat collector for hot water supply 2 ... Solar heat collecting plate 3 ... Thermal storage layer 4 ... Heat exchange pipe for hot water supply 4a ... Inlet part 4b ... Outlet part 5 ... Heat-medium circulation pipe 6 ... Twin pipe 7 ... Pump 8 ... Multi-layer Glass 9, 10 ... Glass plate 11 ... Silica airgel (transparent porous insulation)
15 ... Water supply pipe 16 ... Hot water supply pipe 17 ... Hot water tap 18 ... Flow switch 19, 20 ... Water drop valve 21 ... Temperature sensor

Claims (6)

太陽熱集熱板の背面側に、該太陽熱集熱板で集熱した太陽熱を太陽熱集熱板から受けて蓄熱する蓄熱層と、給湯用の熱交換管とが設けられ、該給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水が蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱で加温されるようになされており、
前記蓄熱層に熱媒循環管が設けられ、該熱媒循環管に設けられたポンプを駆動して熱媒循環管内の熱媒を循環させることにより、蓄熱層の温度が強制的に均等化されるようになされていることを特徴とする給湯用太陽熱集熱装置。 On the back side of the solar heat collecting plate, a heat storage layer for receiving and storing solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate from the solar heat collecting plate, and a heat exchange pipe for hot water supply are provided, and the inside of the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply The water passing through is heated by solar heat stored in the heat storage layer ,
A heat medium circulation pipe is provided in the heat storage layer, and the temperature of the heat storage layer is forcibly equalized by driving a pump provided in the heat medium circulation pipe to circulate the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe. hot water solar heat collector, characterized in that have been made so that. 前記熱媒循環管が前記給湯用熱交換管に沿うように設けられ、熱媒循環管内の熱媒が、給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水に対して対向流となって循環し、熱媒循環管内の熱媒と給湯用熱交換管内を通過する水とが熱交換を行うようになされている請求項１に記載の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置。 The heat medium circulation pipe is provided along the hot water supply heat exchange pipe, and the heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe circulates in counterflow with respect to the water passing through the hot water supply heat exchange pipe. The solar heat collector for hot water supply according to claim 1 , wherein the heat medium in the circulation pipe and water passing through the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply perform heat exchange. 前記給湯用熱交換管と熱媒循環管とがツイン管で構成され、該ツイン管が、蓄熱層においてツイン状態のまま蛇行状に曲成されて備えられている請求項１又は２に記載の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置。 Wherein the hot water supply heat exchanger tubes and the heat medium circulation pipe is composed of a twin tube, the twin tubes, according to claim 1 or 2 is provided is bent in a meandering shape while the twin state in the heat storage layer Solar heat collector for hot water supply. 前記太陽熱集熱板の太陽光受光面側に、対向するガラス板間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が気密状態に充填された透明多孔質断熱材入りの複層ガラスが設けられ、前記透明多孔質断熱材入り複層ガラスを通じて太陽熱集熱板に集熱された太陽熱の放散及び蓄熱層に蓄熱された太陽熱の放散を該複層ガラスの透明多孔質断熱材が防ぐようになされている請求項１乃至３のいずれか一に記載の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置。 On the solar light receiving surface side of the solar heat collecting plate, a multi-layer glass containing a transparent porous heat insulating material filled with a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel in an airtight state is provided between opposing glass plates, The transparent porous heat insulating material of the multi-layer glass prevents the solar heat collected on the solar heat collecting plate through the multi-layer glass containing the transparent porous heat insulating material and the solar heat stored in the heat storage layer from being dissipated. The solar-heat collector for hot-water supply as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 . 請求項１乃至４のいずれか一に記載の給湯用太陽熱集熱装置の給湯用熱交換管の入口部に接続された給水配管にフロースイッチが設けられると共に、
該フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部と、給湯用熱交換管の出口部に接続された給湯配管部とに、水落としバルブが設けられ、かつ、
給湯栓を開いてフロースイッチがオンになると、前記水落としバルブを閉じ、給湯栓を閉じてフロースイッチがオフになると、水落としバルブが開く制御を行う制御部が備えられ、
給湯栓を閉じて水落としバルブが開くと、フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部内の水、給湯用熱交換管内の水及び給湯配管内の水が落とされるようになされていることを特徴とする給湯システム。 A flow switch is provided in the water supply pipe connected to the inlet of the hot water heat exchange pipe of the solar heat collecting apparatus for hot water supply according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A water drop valve is provided in the water supply piping section on the downstream side of the flow switch and the hot water supply piping section connected to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, and
When the hot water tap is opened and the flow switch is turned on, the water drop valve is closed, and when the hot water tap is closed and the flow switch is turned off, a control unit is provided for performing control to open the water drop valve,
When the water tap is closed and the water drop valve is opened, the water in the water supply piping section downstream of the flow switch, the water in the heat exchange pipe for hot water supply, and the water in the hot water supply pipe are dropped. Hot water system. フロースイッチの上流側の給水配管部内の水の温度を検知する温度センサーが備えられ、
前記制御部は、該温度センサーで検知された水の温度情報に基づいて、フロースイッチの上流側の給水配管部内の水の温度が、フロースイッチの下流側の給水配管部内の水、給湯用熱交換管内の水及び給湯配管内の水に凍結を生じさせうる所定の温度以下となったとき、前記水落としバルブの開閉制御を行い、該温度を越える温度において、水落としバルブを閉じた状態に保持する制御をするようになされている請求項５に記載の給湯システム。 There is a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the water in the water supply pipe upstream of the flow switch.
Based on the temperature information of the water detected by the temperature sensor, the control unit determines that the temperature of the water in the water supply piping upstream of the flow switch is the water in the water supply piping downstream of the flow switch, the heat for hot water supply When the water in the exchange pipe and the water in the hot water supply pipe become below a predetermined temperature that can cause freezing, the water drop valve is controlled to open and close at a temperature exceeding the temperature. The hot water supply system according to claim 5 , wherein the hot water control system is configured to perform holding control.
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