JP5368227B2 - Solar heat collection structure - Google Patents

Solar heat collection structure Download PDF

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JP5368227B2
JP5368227B2 JP2009215028A JP2009215028A JP5368227B2 JP 5368227 B2 JP5368227 B2 JP 5368227B2 JP 2009215028 A JP2009215028 A JP 2009215028A JP 2009215028 A JP2009215028 A JP 2009215028A JP 5368227 B2 JP5368227 B2 JP 5368227B2
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solar heat
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insulating material
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JP2011064385A (en
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博孝 和田
和之 前田
創喜 福室
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/56—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by means for preventing heat loss
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar heat collecting structure of high durability, capable of preventing not only whitening and cracking of a transparent porous heat insulating material composed of silica aerogel, but also damaging even when a solar heat collecting material does not radiate heat for utilizing solar heat during collecting solar heat by the solar heat collecting material. <P>SOLUTION: Members prepared by charging the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 composed of silica aerogel between a glass plate 3 and a heat-resisting translucent film 4 opposed to each other, in an airtight state, are faced to each other in a state that the translucent films 4 are separated from a solar light receiving face 1c of the solar heat collecting plate 1, and diffusion of solar heat collected in the solar heat collecting plate 1 through the glass plate 3, the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 and the translucent film 4 is prevented by the transparent porous heat insulating material 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、太陽熱集熱構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting structure.

本発明者らは、太陽熱集熱材としての太陽熱集熱板の太陽光受光面の側にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材を設け、該透明多孔質断熱材を通じて太陽熱集熱板に集熱された太陽熱の放散を透明多孔質断熱材に防がせることで、太陽熱を効率良く集熱することができるようにしたパネル形の太陽熱集熱構造の開発を行っている。   The inventors provide a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel on the solar light receiving surface side of a solar heat collecting plate as a solar heat collecting material, and collects heat on the solar heat collecting plate through the transparent porous heat insulating material. We are developing a panel-type solar heat collection structure that allows solar heat to be collected efficiently by preventing the dissipated solar heat from being dissipated by the transparent porous heat insulating material.

しかしながら、シリカエアロゲルを用いた太陽熱集熱構造では、該シリカエアロゲルが連続気泡構造となっていて透湿性を有しているため、パネル内に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化してシリカエアロゲル内に侵入し、シリカエアロゲルを白化させてしまったり、また、シリカエアロゲルは、物性上、非常に脆いものである一方で、太陽熱集熱板は、−３０°Ｃ〜２００°Ｃの温度変化を行い、その温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を繰り返すため、シリカエアロゲルが太陽熱集熱板の熱膨張と収縮の影響を受けて割れてしまうおそれが高い。   However, in the solar heat collection structure using silica airgel, since the silica airgel has an open cell structure and has moisture permeability, rainwater that has entered the panel is vaporized and enters the silica airgel, While the silica airgel has been whitened, and the silica airgel is very brittle in terms of physical properties, the solar heat collecting plate performs a temperature change of −30 ° C. to 200 ° C., and the temperature change Therefore, the silica airgel is likely to crack under the influence of the thermal expansion and contraction of the solar heat collecting plate.

そのため、先の出願（特願２００９−１８０１５１号）において、対向するガラス板間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材を気密状態に充填した透明多孔質断熱材入りの複層ガラスを、太陽熱集熱材の太陽光受光面側に設け、前記透明多孔質断熱材入り複層ガラスを通じて太陽熱集熱材に集熱された太陽熱の放散を複層ガラスの透明多孔質断熱材で防ぐようにした太陽熱集熱構造を提案した。   For this reason, in the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-180151), a multi-layer glass containing a transparent porous heat insulating material in which a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between opposing glass plates, Solar heat that is provided on the solar light receiving surface side of the heat material and that prevents the solar heat from being collected by the solar heat collecting material through the multi-layer glass with the transparent porous heat insulating material is prevented by the multi-layer glass transparent porous heat insulating material. A heat collection structure was proposed.

この太陽熱集熱構造によれば、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が、対向するガラス板間に気密状態に充填されているので、内部に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化しても、それがシリカエアロゲル内に侵入することはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の白化を防ぐことができて、耐久性を向上することができる。   According to this solar heat collecting structure, since the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plates, even if rainwater that has entered the inside is steamed, it is still silica aerogel. Therefore, the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel can be prevented from being whitened, and the durability can be improved.

しかも、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材と太陽熱集熱材との間には、複層ガラスを構成している一方のガラス板が存在しているので、太陽熱集熱材が温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を行っても、その影響をシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が受けることはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の割れも防ぐことができて、耐久性を向上することができる。   Moreover, since one glass plate constituting the multi-layer glass exists between the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel and the solar heat collector, the solar heat collector is heated by the temperature change. Even if it expands and contracts, the transparent porous insulation made of silica aerogel is not affected by it, so it can also prevent cracking of the transparent porous insulation made of silica aerogel and improve durability can do.

特開２００７−１３２０２４号公報JP 2007-133204 A

しかしながら、上記のような太陽熱集熱構造において、太陽熱集熱板による太陽熱集熱中に太陽熱集熱板に太陽熱利用のための放熱を行わせなかった場合、
例えば、太陽熱集熱板に熱交換用の通水管を設け、該通水管内を通過していく水を、その通過過程において、太陽熱集熱板に集熱された太陽熱で加熱してお湯を沸かす給湯システムにおいて、太陽熱集熱板による太陽熱集熱中に、通水管に水を通していないために太陽熱集熱板が放熱を行うことができないような場合に、
太陽熱集熱板が異常に高温となってしまい、太陽熱集熱板と隣り合って備えられている複層ガラスの内側のガラス板が割れて損傷してしまうという問題に直面した。 However, in the solar heat collection structure as described above, when the solar heat collection plate is not radiated for solar heat use during the solar heat collection by the solar heat collection plate,
For example, a solar heat collecting plate is provided with a water exchange pipe for heat exchange, and water passing through the water pipe is heated by solar heat collected on the solar heat collecting plate in the passage process to boil hot water. In the hot water supply system, when the solar heat collecting plate cannot radiate heat because the water is not passed through the water pipe during the solar heat collecting by the solar heat collecting plate,
We faced the problem that the solar heat collecting plate became abnormally hot and the glass plate inside the multilayer glass provided adjacent to the solar heat collecting plate was broken and damaged.

本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたものであって、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の白化や割れを防ぐことができるのはもちろん、太陽熱集熱材による太陽熱集熱中に太陽熱集熱材に太陽熱利用のための放熱を行わせなくても損傷することがなく、耐久性に優れる太陽熱集熱構造を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can prevent whitening and cracking of a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel, as well as solar heat from a solar heat collecting material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar heat collecting structure that is excellent in durability without being damaged even if the solar heat collecting material is not radiated for solar heat utilization during heat collection.

上記の課題は、対向するガラス板と耐熱性透光フィルムとの間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が気密状態に充填されたものが、前記透光フィルムを太陽熱集熱材の太陽光受光面に対し離間状態となるように向き合わせて設けられ、前記ガラス板、透明多孔質断熱材及び透光フィルムを通じて太陽熱集熱材に集熱された太陽熱の放散を透明多孔質断熱材が防ぐようになされていることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱構造によって解決される。   The above problem is that a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between an opposing glass plate and a heat-resistant translucent film. The transparent porous heat insulating material is provided facing the light receiving surface so as to be separated from the light receiving surface, and the transparent porous heat insulating material prevents diffusion of solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting material through the glass plate, the transparent porous heat insulating material and the translucent film. It is solved by the solar heat collecting structure characterized by being made.

この太陽熱集熱構造では、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が、対向するガラス板と耐熱性の透光フィルムとの間に気密状態に充填されているので、内部に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化しても、それがシリカエアロゲル内に侵入することはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の白化を防ぐことができて、耐久性を向上することができる。   In this solar thermal collection structure, the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plate and the heat-resistant translucent film, so that rainwater that has entered the interior is vaporized. However, it does not penetrate into the silica airgel, and therefore, whitening of the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel can be prevented, and durability can be improved.

しかも、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材と太陽熱集熱材との間には耐熱性透光フィルムが存在していると共に、該耐熱性透光フィルムは太陽熱集熱材の太陽光受光面から離間しているので、太陽熱集熱材が温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を行っても、その影響をシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が受けることはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の割れを防ぐことができる。   In addition, a heat-resistant translucent film exists between the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel and the solar heat collector, and the heat-resistant translucent film is formed from the solar light receiving surface of the solar heat collector. Even if the solar heat collecting material undergoes thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is not affected by this, so the transparent porous material made of silica aerogel is not affected. It is possible to prevent cracking of the heat insulating material.

そして、太陽熱集熱材の太陽光受光面側に備えられているのは、柔軟性をもった耐熱性透光フィルムであるので、太陽熱集熱材による太陽熱集熱中に太陽熱集熱材に太陽熱利用のための放熱を行わせなくても該透光フィルムが割れて損傷するというようなことはなく、耐久性に優れた太陽熱集熱構造を実現することができる。   And since it is a heat-resistant translucent film with flexibility that is provided on the solar light receiving surface side of the solar heat collector, solar heat is used for the solar heat collector during solar heat collection by the solar heat collector. Even if it does not perform heat dissipation for the above, the translucent film is not broken and damaged, and a solar heat collecting structure with excellent durability can be realized.

本発明の太陽熱集熱構造は、以上のとおりのものであるから、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材の白化や割れを防ぐことができるのはもちろん、太陽熱集熱材による太陽熱集熱中に太陽熱集熱材に太陽熱利用のための放熱を行わせなくても損傷することがなく、耐久性に優れる。   Since the solar heat collecting structure of the present invention is as described above, it is possible to prevent whitening and cracking of the transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel, and of course, solar heat collecting during the solar heat collecting by the solar heat collecting material. Even if the heat collecting material is not radiated for solar heat, it is not damaged and has excellent durability.

図（イ）は実施形態の太陽熱集熱構造を示す断面正面図、図（ロ）は太陽熱集熱時であって通水時の太陽熱集熱構造を示す断面正面図、図（ハ）は太陽熱集熱時であって非通水時の太陽熱集熱構造を示す断面正面図である。Fig. (A) is a cross-sectional front view showing the solar heat collection structure of the embodiment, Fig. (B) is a cross-sectional front view showing the solar heat collection structure during solar heat collection and water flow, and Fig. (C) is solar heat. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the solar-heat collection structure at the time of heat collection at the time of non-water passing. 図（イ）は太陽熱集熱構造の分解断面正面図、図（ロ）はガラス板と透光フィルムと透明多孔質断熱材とを分離状態にして示す断面正面図である。FIG. 1A is an exploded cross-sectional front view of a solar heat collecting structure, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional front view showing a glass plate, a translucent film, and a transparent porous heat insulating material in a separated state.

次に、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１（イ）及び図２（イ）（ロ）に示す実施形態の実施形態の太陽熱集熱構造は、パネル形に構成されたもので、１は太陽熱集熱材としての集熱板、２はシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材、３はガラス板、４は耐熱性の透光フィルムである。   The solar heat collecting structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (a) and FIG. 2 (b) (b) is configured in a panel shape, 1 is a heat collecting plate as a solar heat collecting material, 2 Is a transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica airgel, 3 is a glass plate, and 4 is a heat-resistant translucent film.

太陽熱集熱板１は、例えば、銅板等の金属板１ａの表面部に太陽光吸収性能と赤外線放射抑制性能の両方に優れた選択吸収膜１ｂが設けられたもの等からなっている。   The solar heat collecting plate 1 is made of, for example, a surface of a metal plate 1a such as a copper plate provided with a selective absorption film 1b excellent in both sunlight absorption performance and infrared radiation suppression performance.

耐熱性透光フィルム４は、例えばポリエステル系等のフィルムからなっていて、ガラス板３と透光フィルム４とは、周囲の第１スペーサー５によって互いに間隔をおいて対向配置され、透明多孔質断熱材２は、ガラス板３と透光フィルム４と第１スペーサー５とで囲まれた内部に気密状態に充填されている。６は耐熱両面テープである。   The heat-resistant translucent film 4 is made of, for example, a polyester-based film, and the glass plate 3 and the translucent film 4 are disposed to face each other with a first spacer 5 around the transparent porous heat insulating film. The material 2 is filled in an airtight state inside the glass plate 3, the translucent film 4, and the first spacer 5. 6 is a heat-resistant double-sided tape.

そして、上記の透光フィルム４は、周囲の第２スペーサー７によって、太陽熱集熱板１の太陽光受光面１ｃと離間状態となるように向き合わされ、ガラス板３、透明多孔質断熱材２及び耐熱性透光フィルム４を通じて太陽熱集熱板１に集熱された太陽熱の放散を透明多孔質断熱材２が防いで、太陽熱集熱板１が太陽熱を効率良く集熱することができるようになされている。   And the said translucent film 4 is faced by the surrounding 2nd spacer 7 so that it may separate from the sunlight light-receiving surface 1c of the solar heat collecting plate 1, and the glass plate 3, the transparent porous heat insulating material 2, and The transparent porous heat insulating material 2 prevents the diffusion of solar heat collected on the solar heat collecting plate 1 through the heat-resistant translucent film 4 so that the solar heat collecting plate 1 can efficiently collect solar heat. ing.

また、本実施形態では、太陽熱集熱板１の背面側に熱交換用の通水管８が設けられ、図１（ニ）に示すように、太陽熱集熱板１が集熱した太陽熱で、通水管８を通過する水を加熱し、お湯が沸かされるようになされている。９はグラスウールからなる断熱材、１０はウレタンボードからなる断熱材、１１，１２は太陽熱集熱パネルを構成するためのフレームである。   Further, in the present embodiment, a heat exchange water pipe 8 is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate 1, and the solar heat collecting plate 1 collects the solar heat collected as shown in FIG. The water passing through the water pipe 8 is heated so that hot water is boiled. 9 is a heat insulating material made of glass wool, 10 is a heat insulating material made of urethane board, and 11 and 12 are frames for constituting a solar heat collecting panel.

上記の太陽熱集熱構造では、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材２が、対向するガラス板３と耐熱性透光フィルム４との間に気密状態に充填されているので、内部に侵入した雨水が水蒸気化しても、それがシリカエアロゲル２内に侵入することはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材２の白化を防ぐことができて、耐久性を向上することができる。   In the solar heat collecting structure, the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between the opposing glass plate 3 and the heat-resistant translucent film 4. Even if water vaporizes, it does not penetrate into the silica airgel 2, and therefore the whitening of the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 made of silica airgel can be prevented, and the durability can be improved.

しかも、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材２と太陽熱集熱板１との間には耐熱性透光フィルム４が存在していると共に、該耐熱性透光フィルム４は太陽熱集熱板１の太陽光受光面１ｃから離間しているので、太陽熱集熱板１材が温度変化によって熱膨張と収縮を行っても、その影響をシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材２が受けることはなく、そのため、シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材２の割れも防ぐことができる。   In addition, a heat-resistant translucent film 4 exists between the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 made of silica airgel and the solar heat collecting plate 1, and the heat-resistant translucent film 4 is formed by the solar heat collecting plate 1. Since it is separated from the solar light receiving surface 1c, even if the solar heat collecting plate 1 is subjected to thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature change, the effect is not received by the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 made of silica airgel, Therefore, it is possible to prevent the transparent porous heat insulating material 2 made of silica airgel from cracking.

そして、太陽熱集熱板１の太陽光受光面１ｃ側に備えられているのは、柔軟性をもった耐熱性透光フィルム４であるので、太陽熱集熱板１による太陽熱集熱中に太陽熱集熱板１に太陽熱利用のための放熱を行わせなくても、即ち、図１（ハ）に示すように、通水管８内に水を通さなくても、透光フィルム４が割れて損傷するというようなことはなく、耐久性に優れた太陽熱集熱パネルを実現することができる。   And since what is provided in the solar light-receiving surface 1c side of the solar heat collecting plate 1 is a heat-resistant translucent film 4 having flexibility, the solar heat collecting is performed during the solar heat collecting by the solar heat collecting plate 1. Even if the plate 1 does not dissipate heat for utilizing solar heat, that is, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the transparent film 4 is broken and damaged even if water is not passed through the water pipe 8. There is no such thing, and a solar heat collecting panel with excellent durability can be realized.

以上に、本発明の実施形態を示したが、本発明はこれに限られるものではなく、発明思想を逸脱しない範囲で各種の変更が可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、太陽熱集熱板１の背面側に熱交換用の通水管８が設けられ、該通水管８を流れる水を、集熱した太陽熱で沸かす構成としているが、太陽熱集熱板１の背面側に通気層を設け、該通気層に通される空気を、集熱した太陽熱で暖め、その空気を室内の暖房に用いる構成としてもよく、本発明では、太陽熱集熱板１で集熱した太陽熱の利用方法に制限はない。また、上記の実施形態では、本発明の太陽熱集熱構造を太陽熱集熱パネルに適用した場合を示したが、各種構造に構成されていてよい。また、太陽熱集熱材の形態も、上記の実施形態のような板状のものに限らず、種々の形態をしていてよい。   Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the heat exchange water pipe 8 is provided on the back side of the solar heat collecting plate 1 and the water flowing through the water pipe 8 is boiled by the collected solar heat. A ventilation layer may be provided on the back side of the heat plate 1, the air passed through the ventilation layer may be warmed by the collected solar heat, and the air may be used for indoor heating. In the present invention, the solar heat collection plate is used. There is no limit to the method of using solar heat collected in 1. Moreover, in said embodiment, although the case where the solar-heat collection structure of this invention was applied to the solar-heat collection panel was shown, you may be comprised by various structures. Moreover, the form of the solar heat collecting material is not limited to a plate-like one as in the above embodiment, and may take various forms.

１…太陽熱集熱板（太陽熱集熱材）
１ｃ…太陽光受光面
２…シリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材
３…ガラス板
４…耐熱性透光フィルム 1 ... Solar heat collector (solar heat collector)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1c ... Sunlight receiving surface 2 ... Transparent porous heat insulating material which consists of silica airgel 3 ... Glass plate 4 ... Heat-resistant translucent film

Claims (1)

対向するガラス板と耐熱性透光フィルムとの間にシリカエアロゲルからなる透明多孔質断熱材が気密状態に充填されたものが、前記透光フィルムを太陽熱集熱材の太陽光受光面に対し離間状態となるように向き合わせて設けられ、前記ガラス板、透明多孔質断熱材及び透光フィルムを通じて太陽熱集熱材に集熱された太陽熱の放散を透明多孔質断熱材が防ぐようになされていることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱構造。   A transparent porous heat insulating material made of silica aerogel is filled in an airtight state between an opposing glass plate and a heat-resistant translucent film, and the translucent film is separated from the solar light receiving surface of the solar heat collecting material. The transparent porous heat insulating material is provided so as to face each other, and the transparent porous heat insulating material prevents the solar heat collected by the solar heat collecting material through the glass plate, the transparent porous heat insulating material, and the translucent film. Solar heat collecting structure characterized by that.
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