JP5451699B2 - Additional buoyancy launching method and apparatus for ships - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is based on the added buoyancy that balances the launching vessel by applying additional buoyancy inside or outside the vessel, instead of adding a ballast to the vessel to maintain the equilibrium of the launching vessel. The present invention relates to a launching method and an apparatus thereof.

  Generally, when the number and length of docks are limited, a so-called tandem construction method is used in which two or more ships are constructed at the same time in the length direction of the dock in order to increase the construction efficiency of the dock.

  In the above tandem construction method, in order to increase the dock rotation rate, a fully constructed ship with all blocks assembled and a partially constructed ship with some of the blocks not assembled were launched at the same time (with the dock filled with water). The process of levitating the ship) and the process of moving the fully constructed ship to the back wall at the dock.

  In order for the fully constructed vessel to move to the back wall, the partially constructed vessel must also launch at the same time and then sink again into the dock, and when the launching vessel rises or sinks into the dock, In order to reduce the impact, the equilibrium must be maintained.

  For this reason, in the conventional launching method, an enormous weight of ballast is loaded on one side of the bow or stern, and the balance is maintained when the fully constructed ship, the partially constructed ship and the large block are launched.

  That is, since the cargo hold of the ship is filled with water and the equilibrium is maintained, the partially built ship and the large block can be launched only within the mounting range where the hold for loading the ballast is formed. is there.

  As a result, it is necessary to wait without launching the fully constructed ship with the partially constructed ship or large block at the dock until the installation of the partially constructed ship and the large block reaches the range that can be launched. There is a problem that inefficiency of matching the launching process to the loading range and time point where the partially built ship and the large block can be launched is not the advantageous launching time and loading range.

  In addition, the conventional launching method increases the draft of the launching ship because it adds weight to maintain equilibrium, and therefore, in order to maintain the launch allowable draft, some blocks in the mounting section are removed. It must be done, otherwise it was impossible to launch.

  In short, the conventional launching method has a problem that it is necessary to launch a partially launched ship and a large block in an inefficient mounting range in order to satisfy a draft that can be launched.

  The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and its object is to add buoyancy inside or outside the launching ship instead of adding a weight (ballast) to the ship to maintain the equilibrium of the launching ship. In order to maintain the equilibrium of the launching ship, it is also possible to launch the partially constructed ship and the large block in which the hold for filling the ballast is not formed.

  Another object of the present invention is to reduce launching draft by adding buoyancy instead of weight to maintain the balance of the ship, compared to conventional launching methods that add weight to maintain the balance of the ship. An object of the present invention is to provide an additional buoyancy launching method and apparatus that makes it possible to launch a ship under the condition that many design products and blocks are mounted.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of installing a buoyancy having a sufficient capacity capable of maintaining a balance between a partially launched ship and a large block in a narrow space below the ship without using a crane. .

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a technical method for maintaining structural rigidity without damaging or detaching the additional buoyancy device due to buoyancy received by a buoyancy body located below the water surface.

  In order to achieve the above object, the ship's additional buoyancy launching method according to the present invention includes a step of arranging a buoyancy body having a size determined by the weight and buoyancy of a partially constructed ship on the bottom surface of the ship, Fixing a ship and a buoyant body, generating additional buoyancy to maintain the balance of the ship at the time of launch, launching the partially constructed ship and the fully constructed ship, and removing the fully constructed ship from the dock It is characterized by comprising a step of pulling out, a step of sinking the partially constructed vessel again in a dock, and a step of separating the partially constructed vessel and the buoyant body.

  The additional buoyancy launching device of the present invention has an iron lattice shape of a predetermined size and is configured to accommodate an object having buoyancy inside, and is generated in the buoyancy chamber to generate buoyancy. The buoyancy body to be constructed, and a plurality of pillars for installing the buoyancy chamber on the bottom surface of the partially constructed ship and connecting and fixing the ship and the buoyancy chamber so that the buoyancy works evenly on the ship. Is characterized in that it can be transported, mounted, and removed using only a vehicle such as a lift car without using a crane in a narrow space.

  In addition, the present invention does not store the buoyant body in a separate chamber, and directly connects the unit buoyant body to a structure such as a lug or eye plate installed on the bottom or side surface of the partially constructed ship with a chain or the like. An additional buoyancy launching device and a method thereof are provided, which include a device for generating additional buoyancy by doing so.

  According to the launching method by the additional buoyancy of the present invention, it is possible to launch a partially constructed ship and a large block having a small length that do not form a cargo hold for stuffing ballast.

  The conventional launching method maintains the equilibrium by adding weight, and there are cases where launching is not possible unless the draft is increased and part of the block or design product is removed due to excessive launching draft, According to the launching method of the present invention, draft is reduced because buoyancy is added instead of weight to maintain equilibrium, and as a result, more designs and blocks are mounted compared to conventional launching methods. Can be launched under certain conditions.

It is a front view which shows the state which installed the additional buoyancy launcher by one Embodiment of this invention in the engine room lower part of a ship. It is a side view of the additional buoyancy launcher by one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the example which combined and accommodated the buoyancy body of a different magnitude | size in the buoyancy chamber in the additional buoyancy launcher by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows a fender in the additional buoyancy launcher by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows schematically other embodiment of the additional buoyancy launcher of this invention. It is a front view showing roughly still another embodiment of the additional buoyancy launcher of the present invention. It is a front view showing roughly still another embodiment of the additional buoyancy launcher of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 are a front view and a side view, respectively, showing an installed state of an additional buoyancy launcher for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a view of the apparatus shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a buoyancy chamber. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention has a predetermined size and an iron lattice buoyancy chamber 1 configured to accommodate an object having buoyancy therein. And a buoyancy body 2 housed in the buoyancy chamber 1 to generate buoyancy, a method of welding or the like so that the buoyancy chamber 1 is installed on the bottom surface of the ship S and the additionally generated buoyancy works equally on the ship And a plurality of pillars 3 for connecting and fixing the ship S and the buoyancy chamber 1 to each other.

  The buoyancy chamber 1 is manufactured in an iron lattice shape, and the buoyancy body 2 is accommodated in an open state. Thereafter, the opened part of the iron grid may be closed by a method such as welding or bolting, or a door structure may be used so that the iron grid can be opened and closed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the buoyancy body 2 includes a cylindrical fender 4 filled with air, a foamed polystyrene having a large buoyancy, a buoy made of a material such as foam rubber, and a closed iron structure having a hollow structure. Use one selected from things.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the fender 4 which is one of the buoyancy bodies 2 is formed by foaming a rubber material with a mold to form a hollow cylinder, and then injecting air or foam into the seal. To do. Thereafter, a chain 5 net is formed so that the fender 4 penetrates the chain 5 and surrounds the fender 4 so as to be connected to other fenders 4 or a ship structure such as a lug, and the amount of air inside the fender 4 Or adjust the size of the buoyancy by stuffing the ballast inside.

  From the weight of the launching ship and the distribution of buoyancy, the size and installation position of buoyancy to be additionally formed are calculated, and after the buoyancy chamber 1 is transferred to the calculated installation position, the bottom surface of the ship S and the buoyancy chamber 1 Are connected and fixed by the pillar 3, and the buoyancy body 2 such as the fender 4 is sequentially stored in the buoyancy chamber 1.

  When the sequential storage of the buoyancy body 2 in the buoyancy chamber 1 is completed, the opened portion of the buoyancy chamber 1 is shielded.

  At this time, when the fender 4 is inserted into the buoyancy chamber 1, a small fender 4 ′ is inserted into the gap generated by housing the cylindrical fender 4 in the iron lattice buoyancy chamber 1 as shown in FIG. It can be inserted in combination to increase volumetric efficiency.

  When the dock is filled with water in a state where the buoyancy body 2 is housed in the buoyancy chamber 1 in this way, buoyancy is generated that pushes the ship by the volume of the buoyancy body 2 submerged below the surface of the water, thereby balancing the launching ship. Maintained.

  Of course, if it is sufficient to consider only securing additional buoyancy, the buoyancy chamber 1 does not need to be configured in an iron lattice shape, but is attached in the form of a sealed box so that the buoyancy chamber 1 itself generates buoyancy. Buoyancy can be generated without storing the body 2. However, in this case, the weight and size of the buoyancy chamber 1 become excessive, and the buoyancy chamber 1 cannot be installed in a narrow area where the crane cannot be used. Therefore, in the launching method according to the present invention, the buoyancy chamber 1, the fender 4, the pillar 3, and the like are manufactured in a size that allows easy manufacture, transfer, installation, storage, and removal of the additional buoyancy device, and these are respectively transferred to the dock. The ship S and the buoyancy chamber 1 are coupled to each other, and the buoyancy body 2 is inserted into the buoyancy chamber 1.

  FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing an additional buoyancy launching device for a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention, and attempts to add a smaller buoyancy than the method according to the above-described embodiment. This is a more effective method.

  In the method shown in FIG. 5, the buoyancy body 2 is not housed in the buoyancy chamber 1, but only the fender 4 that is the buoyancy body 2 is attached to a structure L such as an eye plate 8 or a lug installed on the side surface of the ship S. The chain 5 and the lug or eye plate 8 constituting device are connected and fixed directly by the chain 5 and maintain structural rigidity so that the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy body 2 is not damaged or detached.

  FIG. 6 is a front view schematically showing an additional buoyancy launching device for a ship according to still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a buoyancy container 6 is directly attached under the bottom of the launching ship or a large block. .

  The buoyancy chamber 1 according to another embodiment has an iron lattice shape and does not generate buoyancy by itself, whereas the buoyancy body 2 housed in the buoyancy chamber 1 generates buoyancy, whereas according to this embodiment. The buoyancy container 6 is a watertight structure so that the buoyancy container 6 itself can generate buoyancy without providing another buoyancy body 2.

  The apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a buoyancy container 6 and a support body 7 formed on the upper surface thereof and configured to support the bottom surface of the ship S. The buoyancy vessel 6 and the support 7 are placed on the bottom of the dock, and a launching ship or block is placed on the dock and welded, thereby generating additional buoyancy at launch. After the launch, the buoyancy vessel 6 is removed from the launching vessel by cutting the welded portion between the buoyancy vessel 6 and the support 7 and filling the square buoyancy vessel 6 with a ballast and sinking.

  Since the buoyancy container 6 is installed at the bottom of the dock together with the keel block before the block is mounted on the dock, it can be moved and installed with a crane.

  FIG. 7 is a front view schematically showing an additional buoyancy launching device for a ship according to still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a chain 5 is attached to a lug or eye plate 8 installed on the bottom or side of the launching ship. After installing one end of the chain, hang it on the bottom of the dock, connect the fender 4 which is the unit buoyancy body 2 to the other end of the chain 5 and place it on the bottom of the dock. To do.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the buoyancy body 2 is not placed in the final position but is simply placed on the bottom of the dock in a state of being connected to the chain 5. Therefore, since the buoyancy body 2 receives buoyancy by the seawater flowing into the dock at the time of launch and moves by itself to reach the target position, the installation becomes easier.
That is, since the floating position of the buoyant body 2 is constrained by the length of the chain 5 connected to the lug or the eye plate 8, the target position of the buoyant body 2 can be adjusted by the length of the chain 5.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Buoyancy chamber 2 Buoyant body 3 Pillar 4 Fender 4 'Small fender 5 Chain 6 Buoyancy container 7 Support body 8 Eye plate S Ship

Claims (1)

Placing a buoyant body having a size determined by the weight and buoyancy of the partially constructed ship on the bottom or side of the ship;
Fixing the ship and a buoyant body and generating additional buoyancy to maintain the balance of the ship at the time of launch;
Filling the dock with water and launching partially and fully constructed vessels;
Withdrawing the fully constructed ship from the dock;
Draining the water of the dock and sinking the partially constructed ship back to the dock;
Separating the partially constructed ship and the buoyant body;
With
The step of generating an additional buoyancy for fixing the ship and the buoyancy body and maintaining the balance of the ship at the time of launching is such that one end of the chain connected to the buoyancy body is installed on the side surface of the ship Or an additional buoyancy launching method that is configured to generate additional buoyancy while pulling over a lug and maintaining a close contact state between the ship and the buoyancy body,
The buoyancy body connected to the chain is placed on the bottom of the dock, and is configured to receive buoyancy by seawater flowing into the dock at the time of launch and move the buoyancy body to a target position by itself. Additional buoyancy launching method for ships characterized by