JP5451589B2 - Mushroom waste medium drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus.

  In the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, a medium material mainly composed of corn cob or sawdust is used as a medium. A medium for mushroom cultivation made of such a medium material is used every time mushroom cultivation, and a part of mushroom waste medium (hereinafter simply referred to as waste medium) generated after use is used as compost. However, most of the waste medium is currently disposed of.

  Since artificial cultivation of mushrooms is carried out in a very high humidity environment, the waste medium has a very high water content, and when the waste medium is disposed of, it is extremely important to remove water. As a countermeasure for removing moisture in such a waste medium, for example, a processing method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.

JP 2010-119928 A

According to the method for treating a waste medium described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to easily treat a waste medium without waste.
However, in the water removal treatment method from the waste medium disclosed in Patent Document 1, after the waste medium is dried, oil or glycerin is mixed with the dried waste medium, and the mixture is stirred, heated, decompressed, A process for separating oil or glycerin is required. That is, once the oil or glycerin added to the waste medium has to be separated again, the processing is complicated, and handling of the oil or the mixture of glycerin and waste medium requires complicated control, which increases the processing cost. The whereabouts of the problem of doing so became clear.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus for a mushroom waste medium that can dry the mushroom waste medium reliably and at low cost while having simple processing contents.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has intensively studied, and as a result, has come up with the following configuration.
That is, a main body portion having an input port for introducing a waste medium generated after mushroom cultivation and a heating means for heating the input waste medium, and the waste medium input from the input port were once discharged outside the main body portion. A heating furnace including a circulation path to be returned to the main body portion later, and a corrugated shape connected to the circulation path and reciprocating a plurality of times in the vertical direction, and having a channel cross-sectional area in at least a part of the upward path A suction path that is larger than the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the down path, a suction device that is disposed at the end of the transport path, and that sucks waste medium and hot air from the heating furnace, and is sucked by the suction machine. And a separator that separates the hot air from the dried waste culture medium. The apparatus for drying a mushroom waste culture medium is provided with a separator.

  The hot air separated by the separator is captured, and a heat reflux path is provided for using the captured hot air as a heat source for the drying treatment of the waste medium. Thus, the waste mushroom waste medium can be dried in a state where the thermal energy of the excess hot air discharged from the separator is effectively used, and operation at a low running cost becomes possible.

  In addition, a bottom lid that can be opened and closed is disposed at each bottom of the transport path. Thereby, it is possible to reliably and easily remove foreign matters remaining at the bottom of the transport path.

  According to the apparatus for drying a mushroom waste medium according to the present invention, the waste medium can be surely dried even with simple processing contents. In addition, because the mushroom waste medium drying device has a simple structure, the manufacturing cost and running cost of the mushroom waste medium drying device are low, and the operation control is also simple, so the occurrence of failures is low and the operating rate is low. Can be high.

It is composition explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the drying apparatus of the mushroom waste culture medium in this embodiment.

Hereinafter, the drying apparatus of the mushroom waste culture medium concerning this invention is demonstrated based on drawing.
As shown in FIG. 1, a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is charged with a mushroom waste medium (hereinafter referred to as waste medium), a heating furnace 10 that heats the waste medium, and waste that has been subjected to drying treatment. It has a transport path 20 that connects between a cyclone drying separator 40 that is a separator that separates the culture medium and hot air, and an air suction device 30 that transports the waste culture medium and hot air in the transport path 20. . The air suction device 30 is a terminal portion of the conveyance path 20 and is disposed immediately before the cyclone drying separator 40. Further, the cyclone drying separator 40 is provided with a heat reflux path 50 for returning exhaust hot air, which is waste heat exhausted from the cyclone drying separator 40, to the heating furnace 10.

  In the heating furnace 10, a main body portion 12, a charging port 14 for introducing a waste medium into the main body portion 12, and a kerosene burner 16 as a heating means are disposed below the main body portion 12. In this embodiment, the belt conveyor 13 which is a waste culture medium feeder is arrange | positioned so that the waste culture medium injection amount per unit time to the insertion port 14 may become predetermined amount. The amount of waste medium transported per unit time by the belt conveyor 13 is controlled by an operation control unit (not shown). Moreover, it is good also as an operation control part which can adjust the conveyance amount per short time of the waste culture medium by the belt conveyor 13 to arbitrary values.

  Inside the main body 12, a circulation path 18 is provided for drying the waste medium introduced into the main body 12 from the inlet 14 without directly contacting the flame of the kerosene burner 16. The circulation path 18 forms an inner bottom portion of the input port 14 by opening an upper surface at a position directly below the input port 14. The circulation path 18 is formed in a path that guides the waste medium input from the input port 14 to the outside of the main body 12 and then returns it to the inside of the main body 12 again. The circulation path 18 is formed in a path in which the return height position to the main body 12 is a lower position than the inner bottom height position of the charging port 14. The circulation path 18 formed in this way is connected to the conveyance path 20.

The conveyance path 20 is connected to the circulation path 18 at a position below the heating furnace 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the conveyance path 20 is formed in a corrugated pipeline that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction. In the ascending path 21 where the conveyed product (waste medium and hot air) is conveyed from below to above in the conveying path 20, the diameter of the midway portion excluding the upper and lower ends is conveyed from above to below. The diameter of the descending path 22 is larger than the diameter. That is, the flow path cross-sectional area in most of the up path 21 is formed larger than the flow path cross-sectional area in the down path 22. A support 24 for supporting the transport path 20 and a bottom cover 25 that can be opened and closed are disposed on the bottom 23 of the transport path 20.
The number of reciprocations in the up and down direction of the conveyance path 20 is not particularly limited, but the number of reciprocations can be appropriately set according to the set water content of the waste medium after the drying process.

A terminal portion of the conveyance path 20 is connected to a cyclone drying separator 40 through an air suction device 30. The air suction machine 30 is used for feeding the waste culture medium into the cyclone drying separator 40 after the waste culture medium put into the heating furnace 10 is sucked together with the hot air in the conveyance path 20 so as to be conveyed in the conveyance path 20. Power source.
The cyclone drying separator 40 is for separating the waste culture medium and hot air supplied from the conveyance path 20 which is a material input part, and for finally drying the waste culture medium. A known cyclone drying separator 40 can be used. On the upper surface of the cyclone drying separator 40 of the present embodiment, a hot reflux path 50 is provided that captures hot air discharged from the cyclone drying separator 40 and supplies the hot air to the heating furnace 10. The heat reflux path 50 can be formed by a pipeline connecting the cyclone drying separator 40 and the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10. It is preferable that the pipeline constituting the heat reflux path 50 is formed of a material having heat insulating properties, or the outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material.

  In addition, a waste heat supply unit 60 that supplies waste heat from the adjacent incinerator 200 is connected to the heating furnace 10. The waste heat supply unit 60 covers a part or all of the outer peripheral surface of the incinerator 200, collects waste heat discharged from the outer surface of the incinerator 200, a waste heat collection unit 62, a waste heat collection unit 62, and a main body unit. 12 and a communication pipe 64 communicating with 12. Since the waste heat collection unit 62 collects waste heat from the outer peripheral surface of the incinerator 200 in this way, clean waste heat energy that does not contain combustion gas components in the incinerator 200 is converted into the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10. Is advantageous in that it can be supplied to When the waste heat collection unit 62 is disposed only on a part of the outer surface of the incinerator 200, it may be attached to the top position of the incinerator 200. Thus, it is also advantageous in that the distribution path can be simplified by providing the incinerator 200, which is an incineration disposal facility for combustible materials, in the site where the waste medium is dried.

  The heat reflux path 50 and the waste heat supply section 60, which are auxiliary heat source supply sections connected to the heating furnace 10, are at the same height with respect to the main body section 12, and are located at the inner bottom portion of the inlet 14 of the circulation path 18. It is connected to a position below the height position. The auxiliary heat source supplied from the heat reflux path 50 and the waste heat supply unit 60 is lower in temperature than the heat source supplied from the kerosene burner 16, but after being mixed with the heat source supplied from the kerosene burner 16, 14 can be heated, waste heat that has not been used in the past can be used effectively, input energy for heat source supply can be reduced, and waste medium can be dried at low running cost. It is possible to process.

Next, a method for drying waste medium using the mushroom waste medium drying apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, a mushroom waste medium (hereinafter referred to as a waste medium) is charged into the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10 from the charging port 14 by the belt conveyor 13. The belt conveyor 13 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) so that the supply amount of the waste medium per unit time becomes a constant amount. The waste medium introduced into the heating furnace 10 is once guided from the inside of the main body 12 to the outside of the main body 12 by the circulation path 18 and supplied again to the inside of the main body 12 and subjected to heat treatment twice. It will be. The second heat treatment is set so that the path of the circulation path 18 is longer than the path length from the inlet 14 to the outside of the main body 12 so as to be longer than the first heat treatment time. .

  The waste culture medium heat-treated twice in the heating furnace 10 is supplied to the conveyance path 20 together with hot air. The conveyance path 20 can be conveyed in the conveyance path 20 while gradually decreasing the moisture content of the waste medium by passing through a pipeline having a waveform that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction. In the transport path 20, the upstream path 21 from the lower side to the upper side has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the downstream path 22 from the upper side to the lower side. Since the power for conveying the hot air and the waste medium in the transport path 20 is only the air suction device 30, the suction force in the transport path 20 (the flow rate of the transported body composed of the waste medium and the hot air) is constant. Therefore, by increasing the cross-sectional area of the upstream path 21 that is a part of the transport path 20, the flow velocity of the hot air and waste medium to be transported in the upstream path 21 can be reduced. By reducing the flow velocity of the transported body composed of hot air and waste medium in this way, waste medium with a high water content falls to the bottom of the up-path 21 due to the action of gravity and is not sufficiently dried. It is possible to prevent the culture medium from being conveyed to the downstream side of the conveyance path 20.

  Since hot air always flows in the conveyance path 20, the waste medium remaining in the vicinity of the bottom in the upward path 21 is subjected to a heat drying process. Thus, when the heat drying process proceeds and the weight is reduced to a predetermined moisture content or less, the waste medium rises up against gravity even at a low flow rate in the up path 21, and the waste medium is transported 20. It is conveyed to the downstream side (downward path 22) of the conveyance path 20 together with the hot air circulating in the air. After passing through the upstream path 21, the next upstream path 21 is supplied along the downstream path 22. Here, when the waste culture medium being transported is in a flock shape, the waste culture medium collides with the bottom of the descending path 22 so that the floc waste culture medium can be subdivided by the impact of the collision. As described above, since the floc waste medium is subdivided, it is advantageous in that the surface area of the waste medium is increased and the drying treatment of the waste medium can be promoted.

In the second and subsequent upstream routes 21 and 22 as well, the heat drying process and the subdividing process are performed in the same manner as the first upstream path 21 and downstream path 22. By repeatedly applying these treatments to the waste medium a plurality of times, the waste medium can be dried to a predetermined moisture content and the waste medium can be subdivided.
Since the input amount of the waste medium having a high water content supplied from the belt conveyor 13 is appropriately adjusted, the waste medium does not stagnate at the bottom 23 of the transport path 20, but impurities may be mixed. . Since a bottom cover 25 that can be opened and closed is provided at the bottom 23 in the transport path 20 of the present embodiment, by removing the bottom cover 25, it is possible to grasp the removal of foreign substances and the stagnation state of the waste medium.

  The waste medium and hot air dried to a predetermined water content by the conveyance path 20 are input to a cyclone drying separator 40 connected downstream of the conveyance path 20 to perform a final drying treatment of the waste medium, and the hot air and waste medium. The separation process is performed. The waste medium thus separated is used as a raw material for wood pellets. Further, the hot air separated from the waste medium is captured by the heat reflux path 50, returned to the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10, and recycled as an auxiliary heat source.

  As mentioned above, although the drying apparatus of the waste culture medium of the mushroom concerning this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to embodiment shown above. For example, in FIG. 1, the flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream path 21 is shown to be larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the downstream path 22 over the entire upstream path 21. Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of the channel may be formed so as to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the channel in the down path 22.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a description has been given of a form in which the diameters of the plurality of ascending paths 21 are formed to have the same diameter, but as the transport path 20 proceeds from the upstream side to the downstream side, it is described. It is also possible to adopt a form in which the diameter of the upstream path 21 is gradually increased to a larger diameter. By adopting this form, it is possible to gradually increase the cross-sectional area of each upstream path 21 as it approaches the downstream side of the transport path 20, and gradually increase the flow velocity when rising in each upstream path 21. Can be reduced. That is, it is advantageous in that the water content can be gradually reduced every time the upward path 21 is passed, and the waste medium can be dried more efficiently and reliably.

In the present embodiment, the waste heat energy collected by the heat reflux path 50 and the waste heat supply unit 60 is supplied to the combustion furnace 10, but the heat source for pre-drying the waste medium conveyed by the belt conveyor 13 is used. It is good also as a form utilized as. Specifically, at least one pipeline of the heat return path 50 and the waste heat supply unit 60 may be laid along the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 13 at a position below the circulation path of the belt conveyor 13.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the form which has arrange | positioned the kerosene burner 16 as a heating means of the heating furnace 10 is demonstrated, you may employ | adopt a gas burner, an electric heater, etc.
Furthermore, the wood pellets produced using the waste medium dried by the cyclone drying separator 40 can be put into the heating furnace 10 as auxiliary fuel or main fuel and burned by heating means such as the kerosene burner 16. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Heating furnace 12 Main body part 13 Belt conveyor 14 Input port 16 Kerosene burner 18 Circulation path 20 Conveyance path 21 Up path 22 Down path 23 Bottom 24 Strut 25 Bottom cover 30 Air suction machine 40 Cyclone drying separator 50 Heat reflux path 60 Waste heat Supply unit 62 Waste heat collection unit 64 Communication pipe 100 Mushroom waste medium drying device 200 Incinerator

Claims (3)

A main body having an input port for introducing a waste medium generated after mushroom cultivation and a heating means for heating the input waste medium, and a main body after once discharging the waste medium input from the input port to the outside of the main body part A heating furnace provided with a circulation path to return to the section,
Conveyance formed in a wave shape connected to the circulation path and reciprocating a plurality of times in the vertical direction, and having a channel cross-sectional area in at least a part of the upstream path larger than a channel cross-sectional area in the downstream path Road,
A suction device that is disposed at the end of the conveying path and sucks waste medium and hot air from the heating furnace;
A separator for supplying hot air sucked by the suction machine and a dry waste medium, and separating the hot air from the waste medium after drying;
An apparatus for drying a mushroom waste medium, comprising:   The mushroom waste according to claim 1, further comprising a heat reflux path for capturing the hot air separated by the separator and using the captured hot air as a heat source for drying the waste medium. Medium drying equipment.   The apparatus for drying a mushroom waste medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bottom cover that can be freely opened and closed is disposed at each bottom of the transport path.

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