JP2009210176A - Drying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying apparatus for drying organic material such as food residue and vegetable waste at high speed and crushing the same, efficiently performing drying at high speed, decreasing an installation space, facilitating manufacture, lowering the manufacturing cost, and having excellent maintainability. <P>SOLUTION: This drying apparatus includes: a hopper for transferring material to be treated to a take-out port; a drying cylindrical part 8 formed extending from the upside to the lower side to meander two or more times and forming a drying passage 9 for the material to be treated by alternately connecting the respective cylindrical bodies forming an ascending passage and a descending passage for the material to be treated through an upper bent cylinder and a lower bent cylinder; a crushing plate 34 formed to project from the top of the drying passage 9 of the upper bent cylinder; a blower disposed at the starting end of the drying cylindrical part 8 to carry the material to be heated together with the air flow heated by a heater to the terminal part of the drying passage 9; and a granular separating machine 12 provided at the terminal part of the drying cylindrical part 8 to separate the material to be treated discharged from the terminal part from the air containing water vapor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying apparatus that dries and crushes organic substances such as food residues and vegetable scraps at high speed.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a drying apparatus for drying waste containing a large amount of moisture such as food residues and vegetable waste generated in a food manufacturing process has been developed.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an airflow drying device in which a spiral airflow passage is formed by a partition plate bent in a spiral like a mosquito coil. As shown in FIG. 8, the air drying apparatus is supplied with a material to be dried from a quantitative supply device 74 together with an air flow heated by a heater 72, and the material to be crushed is pulverized by a crusher 76 to be air current drying device 70. The air is sucked into the opening at the outer peripheral portion of the inlet, heated and dried in a spiral airflow passage of the airflow drying device 70, and separated and collected by a cyclone separator 78. Patent Document 2 also discloses a swirl type dryer.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 3, an object to be processed is placed in a long cylindrical container body, and the object to be processed is moved in the container body by a shaftless spiral blade that is rotated by a motor. A drying apparatus is disclosed in which an object to be processed is heated and dried by an inner heating means provided at the center of the spiral blade and an outer heating means for heating the container body from the outside.

Japanese Patent No. 3155527 Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-27132 JP 2003-145088 A Utility Model Registration No. 3138388

  However, the drying apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 has a complicated structure because the partition plate is formed in a spiral shape and the central discharge port is formed at the center thereof, and thus the manufacturing cost is increased. In addition, maintenance such as cleaning and inspection is difficult, and since the material to be dried always passes through a spiral airflow passage, the material to be dried is not collected evenly around the outer periphery, which reduces the drying efficiency. There is a problem.

In addition, the drying apparatus described in Patent Document 3 has a structure in which an object to be processed put into the container body is gradually dried while being moved gradually to the discharge port side of the container body with a spiral blade. It takes a long time for the workpiece to remain in the container body, and in order to increase the ability to continuously process the workpiece, it is necessary to lengthen the overall length of the container body, requiring a wide processing space and equipment. Due to the complicated structure in which the rotor is arranged, there are problems that the manufacturing cost increases and maintenance such as cleaning and inspection is difficult.
On the other hand, the present applicants disclosed the high-speed dryer of Patent Document 4 earlier, but the present application has improved this.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a drying apparatus that can efficiently dry at high speed, requires less installation space, is easy to manufacture, is low in manufacturing cost, and is easy to maintain. The purpose is to do.

  In order to solve the above technical problems, a drying apparatus according to the present invention includes a hopper 2 that transfers an object to be processed 5 to a take-out port by a feeding device, as shown in FIG. A cylinder 26 that forms a rising path of the workpiece 5 and a cylinder that forms a descending path are formed so as to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from a starting end 24 into which the workpiece to be discharged is sent. The body 26 is connected alternately via the upper bent cylinder 28 and the lower bent cylinder 28 to form the drying cylinder portion 8 in which the drying path 9 for the workpiece 5 is formed, and the arc shape is formed. A crushing plate 34 that protrudes from the top of the drying path 9 of the upper bent cylinder 28 toward the center of the drying path and crushes the workpiece 5 and the start end 24 of the drying cylinder 8. The workpiece 5 is dried together with the air flow heated by the heater 4. 9 and a blower 10 that is transported to the end portion of the powder, and a powder separator 12 that is provided at the end portion 27 of the drying cylinder portion 8 and separates the workpiece 5 discharged from the end portion 27 and air containing water vapor. It is the composition which has.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention has an upper portion and a lower portion from a hopper 2 that transports an input workpiece 5 to a take-out port by a feeding device, and a starting end portion 24 into which the workpiece to be discharged from the take-out port is fed. The cylindrical body 26 forming the ascending path of the workpiece 5 and the cylindrical body 26 forming the descending path are formed as an upper side bending cylinder 28 and a lower side bending cylinder 28. Are connected to each other through the drying cylinder portion 8 in which the drying path 9 for the object to be processed is formed, and the air flow heated by the heater 4 and disposed at the start end portion 24 of the drying cylinder portion 8. The blower 10 that conveys the workpiece 5 to the end portion 27 of the drying path 9, the workpiece 5 that is provided at the end portion 27 of the drying cylinder portion 8 and is discharged from the end portion, and air containing water vapor And the above-mentioned bent cylinder 2 on the lower side. Both upper end of a respective configuration detachably connected via the connecting portion 30 and the lower end of the cylinder 26.

  In the drying device according to the present invention, the length of the first descending path 47 following the ascending path in the drying cylinder portion 8 is longer than the length of the first ascending path 46 directed upward from the starting end portion 24. Is made shorter and the length of the descending path due to meandering thereafter is longer than that of the first descending path 47.

  Moreover, the drying apparatus according to the present invention includes a first hopper 2 that transfers the workpiece 5 that has been input to the take-out port by the feeding device, and a start end portion 24 to which the workpiece 5 that is discharged from the take-out port is fed. The cylindrical body 26 forming the ascending path of the workpiece 5 and the cylindrical body 26 forming the descending path are formed so as to meander a plurality of times upward and downward. The first drying cylinder portion 8 in which the drying path 9 of the object to be processed 5 is formed by being alternately connected via the bent tube 28 on the side, and the starting end portion 24 of the first drying cylinder portion 8 are arranged. The first blower 10 that conveys the workpiece 5 to the end portion 27 of the drying path 9 together with the air flow heated by the heater 4 and the end portion 27 of the first drying cylinder portion 8 are provided. The object 5 discharged from the terminal portion 27 is separated from the air containing water vapor. , The second hopper 58 that receives the workpiece discharged from the first powder separator 12 and transfers it to the lower outlet, and the target discharged from the outlet. A cylindrical body 26 that forms a meandering path of the workpiece 5 and a cylindrical body 26 that forms a descending path, and is formed so as to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from the starting end 24 to which the workpiece 5 is fed. Are connected alternately via an upper bent cylinder 28 and a lower bent cylinder 28 to form a drying path 9 for the object to be processed, and the second drying cylinder section. The second blower 10 that conveys the workpiece 5 to the terminal end 27 of the drying path 9 together with the air flow heated by the heater 4, and the second drying cylinder portion 8 to be processed, the object to be processed 5 discharged from the terminal end, and air containing water vapor. A second granular separator 12 for separating is configured to have a.

  In the drying apparatus according to the present invention, in the first drying cylinder portion 8, the first descending path 47 following the ascending path with respect to the length of the first ascending path 46 directed upward from the starting end portion 24. And the length of the descending path due to meandering thereafter is longer than that of the first descending path 47.

  Moreover, the drying apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration in which both upper ends of the lower bent cylinder 28 are detachably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body 26 via a connecting portion 30.

  In the drying apparatus according to the present invention, the drying path 9 of the upper bent cylinder 28 is formed in an arc shape, and the workpiece 5 is pulverized from the top of the drying path toward the center of the drying path. It is the structure which formed the board | plate 34 protrudingly.

  Moreover, the drying apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration in which swirl vanes 59 for swirling the airflow spirally are provided in the vicinity of the outlet of the blower 10.

According to the drying apparatus of the present invention, the drying cylinder portion in which the drying path of the workpiece is formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward, and the top of the drying path of the upper bent cylinder is formed to protrude. A pulverizing plate, a blower that conveys an object to be treated together with an air flow heated by a heater, and a particle separator that separates the object to be treated discharged from the end of the drying path and air containing water vapor Since the drying path has a simple structure with cylinders standing up and down, manufacturing is easy and manufacturing costs can be greatly reduced, and the drying path is secured and a compact design that does not take up space can be achieved. The equipment cost can be reduced.
In addition, the drying cylinder portion of the drying apparatus can perform high-speed drying because the object to be processed is conveyed with strong hot air, and the object to be processed is crushed by being struck against a pulverizing plate, and the moisture contained by the impact of the struck Since the object to be processed which is scattered and separated and passes through the outer peripheral side of the bent cylinder is diffused and dispersed by this pulverizing plate, the efficiency of drying during the conveyance of the drying path is increased, and in addition, this drying apparatus Since it is a direct heating method, it is highly efficient and low running cost can be realized, and it is easy to handle, and it is possible to realize cost reduction such as reduction of labor cost by mass processing and continuous discharge by continuous operation.

  According to the drying apparatus according to the present invention, the drying cylinder part in which the drying path of the object to be processed is formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward, and the object to be processed is conveyed together with the air flow heated by the heater. A blower, and a powder separator for separating the object to be processed and the air containing water vapor discharged from the terminal end of the drying path, and the upper ends of the lower bent cylinders are respectively connected to the lower ends of the cylinders. In addition to the above effects, the dry cylinder part can be easily attached to and detached from each other at the connecting part, and the inside of the cylinder can be easily cleaned and maintained. It also has the effect of being excellent in durability.

  According to the drying apparatus according to the present invention, the length of the first descending path following the ascending path is formed shorter than the length of the ascending path extending upward from the starting end, and the length of the descending path after that is formed. Is formed longer than the first descending path, so that even in the drying process of the object to be processed having a high moisture content, accumulation near the lower part of the drying cylinder portion is prevented, and the moisture content of the object to be processed is reduced. There is an effect that it is possible to dry well regardless of the ratio, and management is easy.

  According to the drying apparatus according to the present invention, the first drying cylinder part in which the drying path of the object to be processed is formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward, the air to be processed together with the air flow heated by the heater. 1st dryer which consists of the 1st blower which conveys a thing, and the 1st granule separator which separates the processed material discharged from the drying way, and the air containing water vapor, and this 1st granule separation A second hopper having a second hopper for receiving an object discharged from the machine, a second drying cylinder, a second blower, and a second powder separator for separating the object to be processed and air containing water vapor. The process of adopting a configuration consisting of two dryers and once releasing the separated water vapor into the atmosphere by drying the material to be processed by the powder separator between the first dryer and the second dryer By providing, in addition to the above effects, the efficiency of the dry pulverization process in the second drier is significant. Elevated, and for also object to be processed, an effect that is applicable to that of the wide range of water content low rate to high rate.

  According to the drying apparatus of the present invention, in the first drying cylinder portion, the length of the first descending path following the ascending path is formed shorter than the length of the ascending path extending upward from the starting end. Since the length of the descending path thereafter is longer than that of the first descending path, even in the drying process of the object having a high water content, accumulation near the lower part of the drying cylinder is prevented, Regardless of the ratio of the moisture content of the object to be processed, there is an effect that the drying can be performed well and the management is easy.

  Further, according to the drying apparatus of the present invention, since both the upper end portions of the lower bent tube are detachably connected to the lower end portion of the cylindrical body via the connecting portion, cleaning inside the tube is possible. It has the effect of being easy to perform and excellent in maintainability and durability.

  Further, according to the drying apparatus of the present invention, the drying path of the upper bent cylinder is formed in an arc shape, and the pulverizing plate for pulverizing the object to be processed is projected from the top of the drying path toward the center of the drying path. Since the structure to be processed is formed, moisture contained in the object to be processed is scattered and separated by impact of hitting, and the object to be processed that passes the outer peripheral side of the bent cylinder is diffused and dispersed by the pulverizing plate. There is an effect that the efficiency of drying and pulverization is increased.

  Further, according to the drying apparatus according to the present invention, since the swirl vane for spirally swirling the air flow is provided in the vicinity of the blower outlet of the blower, the object to be processed is swirling in the drying cylinder portion. Since it rises, the distance of the drying path can be secured more than that within the linear distance of the cylinder, and since the object to be treated is trapped in the spiral air, the drying efficiency is improved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a drying apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a drying apparatus according to the first embodiment. The drying apparatus 1 includes a hopper 2 for charging an object 5 to be dried, a heater 4, an inclined cylinder part 6 for allowing the object 5 to pass through, a drying cylinder part 8 for heating and drying the object 5, and this drying A blower 10 that sends a high-speed air flow to a drying path 9 that dries the object 5 in the cylinder 8, and the object 5 that has been discharged and dried and pulverized from the end of the drying cylinder 8 is separated from air containing water vapor. A cyclone 12 as a granular material separator to be processed, and a collection container 14 for storing the dried and crushed workpiece 5.

  In addition, the drying device 1 is configured such that the blade part of the blower 10 that becomes high temperature, the drying cylinder part 8 that constitutes the drying path, the components of the cyclone 12, and the like are heat resistant and resistant to long-term continuous use. Stainless steel with excellent wear characteristics is used.

  The hopper 2 has an opening at the upper end, and an object to be processed 5 such as food residue is fed from here. The workpiece 5 put into the hopper 2 is provided with two upper and lower stirring members (not shown) in order to stir and unravel and prevent the occurrence of bridges. Below the hopper 2, a screw feeder 18 is provided as a feeding device in which a conveying screw is built in a cylindrical casing 16.

  The screw feeder 18 in the casing 16 is drivingly connected to a drive source having a variable rotational speed provided outside the casing 16 on the end side in the conveying direction, and the workpiece 5 to be dropped and supplied from the hopper 2. Are conveyed to the bottom opening type outlet 20 on the drying path side at a constant rate.

  Moreover, although the form which burns a kerosene burner in the combustion chamber 22 and heats it as the said heater 4 is used here, heaters, such as a gas burner or an electric heater, can be used as a heat source. By this heater 4, heat is radiated from the combustion chamber 22 toward the inclined cylinder portion 6, and high-temperature heat is supplied to the drying path 9 together with the workpiece 5 discharged from the outlet 20. Since this heater 4 heats the drying path 9 of the closed drying cylinder portion 8 (the temperature at the start end is about 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.), the amount of heat per unit time can be relatively small. .

  The inclined cylinder part 6 is arranged by inclining a cylinder obliquely downward from the lower side of the outlet 20 of the hopper 2 to the start end 24 of the drying cylinder part 8. The to-be-processed object 5 discharged | emitted from this is sent to the said start end part 24 through the ramp with the weight.

  The dry cylinder portion 8 is a cylinder having a circular cross section made of a stainless material, and has a diameter of 100 mm to 250 mm (about) and a cylinder thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm (about). This drying cylinder part 8 forms the drying path 9 which conveys the to-be-processed object 5, is comprised so that it may meander several times toward the upper direction and the downward direction from the start end part 24, and the to-be-processed object 5 raises The ascending path that descends and the descending path that descends are alternately folded back via bending portions.

  Here, as the drying cylinder portion 8, several linear cylinders 26 arranged vertically are used, and the upper and lower parts of the adjacent cylinders 26 are connected by bent cylinders 28. As described above, the drying cylinder portion 8 includes the cylindrical body 26, the upper bent cylinder 28 that connects the upper ends of the adjacent cylinders 26, 26, and the lower part that connects the lower ends of the adjacent cylinders 26, 26. It consists of a bent tube 28 on the side.

  The bent cylinder 28 has a shape in which the cylinder is smoothly bent so that the center line of the drying path 9 is semicircular or arcuate, and is also connected to the cylinder 26 smoothly. As described above, the drying path 9 formed by the drying cylinder portion 8 includes an ascending path where the workpiece 5 is raised and lowered by the cylinder 26 and a drying path bent in an arc shape by the bent cylinder 28. The In this case, as the drying cylinder portion 8, a thick cylinder is used on the windward side, and the object to be processed is pulverized small toward the leeward side, so that the drying path 9 is gradually formed using a thin cylinder. May be.

  The drying cylinder portion 8 has a form meandering up and down, but the bending cylinder 28 can be arranged in a suitable direction of front, back, left and right as a plane direction, and the plane is all within the range of a square area. Space saving can be realized by installing in a form (for example, a shape meandering a plane) in which the drying cylinder portion 8 is accommodated. Moreover, you may make it leave the upper part of the said drying cylinder part 8, and surround the substantially whole drying cylinder part 8 with the box formed with metal plates, such as a stainless steel plate. Thereby, the upper part of the dry cylinder part 8 is hold | maintained with a box, and the heat insulation effect of a box is acquired.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, both lower end portions of the upper bent cylinder 28 are detachably connected to the upper end portion of the cylindrical body 26 via a connecting portion 30, respectively. Both upper end portions are detachably connected to the lower end portion of the cylindrical body 26 via the connecting portion 30. These connecting portions 30 are obtained by fastening flange portions formed at the end portions of the respective cylinders using a plurality of fasteners 32 (bolt nuts, locking tools, etc.). At the time of maintenance and inspection, the inside of the cylinder can be easily cleaned by removing the fastener 32 of the connecting portion 30 and detaching each bent cylinder 28 from the cylinder 26. The connecting portion 30 may be provided only at a connection portion between the lower bent cylinder 28 and the cylindrical body 26. This is because the workpiece 5 is often deposited and adhered in the bent cylinder 28 on the lower side.

  Further, the upper bent cylinder 28 is provided with a crushing plate 34 that protrudes toward the center of the drying path 9 in the vicinity of the top of the drying path 9. FIG. 3 shows the grinding plate 34. The pulverizing plate 34 is formed on the upper portion of the mounting base portion 36 having a hollow disc shape as a whole, and has a shape protruding in the form of a plate piece downward. Long vertical holes 40 are provided in the upper, lower, left and right portions of the mounting base 36, respectively. The crushing plate 34 has a plate thickness of 3 mm to 5 mm, and a right-angled or acute-angled edge is formed at the lower end portion on the side on which the workpiece 5 hits.

  The pulverizing plate 34 has a form in which the lower side is flat as shown in FIG. 3A and a form in which the lower side is uneven as shown in FIG. By forming the convex concave portion 39 on the lower side of the pulverizing plate 34, the area of the edge portion for pulverizing the workpiece 5 is increased and the efficiency of pulverization is increased.

  The upper bent cylinder 28 is divided into left and right cylinders (bent cylinder pieces 29, 29) at the center, and the mounting base 36 is formed between the flange portions formed at the ends of the bent cylinder pieces 29. It is attached in a state where both flanges are fastened by a fastener 32.

  The attachment base portion 36 of the pulverizing plate 34 is attached at four locations corresponding to the long holes 40 in a state where the bolts of the fasteners 32 pass through the respective long holes 40, and the pulverizing plate 34 is within the range of the long holes 40. It can be adjusted variably by moving it up and down to enlarge and reduce its protruding area. Further, it is possible to increase or decrease the area of the pulverized portion by moving the pulverizing plate 34 up and down by a mechanism using an actuator.

  The crushing plate 34 is not necessarily provided on all of the upper bent cylinders 28, and the mounting form differs depending on the state, properties, moisture content, etc. of the object 5 to be processed. When the workpiece 5 is relatively hard, the crushing plate 34 is attached to many bent cylinders and the protruding area thereof is enlarged, and when the workpiece 5 is soft and easy to crush, the crushing plate 34 is attached. It may be arranged preferentially on the upwind side bending cylinder 28 or may be arranged only on the upwinding bending cylinder 28 closer to the upwind side.

  Further, when the workpiece 5 is relatively easily pulverized, the pulverization is carried out together with the drying while passing through the meandering drying path 9 of the drying cylinder portion 8. May not be provided. However, even in this case, it goes without saying that the particles are more finely pulverized by providing the pulverizing plate 34. Although it is possible to provide the pulverizing plate 34 on the bent cylinder 28 on the lower side, in this case, since the object to be processed is likely to accumulate, consideration for the exclusion cleaning is desired.

  The size of the contact area of the object to be processed 5 on the pulverizing plate 34 may be set to an appropriate size depending on the material of the object 5 to be processed or the location (windward or leeward side) of the pulverizing plate 34. Good. In this case, it is effective to increase the protruding dimension of the pulverizing plate 34 provided on the leeward side and reduce the protruding dimension of the pulverizing plate 34 provided on the leeward side.

  The blower 10 uses a heat-resistant blower here, but a sirocco fan or the like can also be used. The blower 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the start end portion 24 of the drying cylinder portion 8 and is used in a form in which the air heated by the heater 4 is blown up at a high speed inside the cylinder body 26 of the drying cylinder portion 8.

  The blower 10 sucks air from an air hole 23 provided in the combustion chamber 22 of the heater 4, heats the air to generate a heat flow, and sends it to the drying path 9 of the drying cylinder portion 8. At this time, a part of the air sent to the drying cylinder part 8 is also sucked from the air hole 25 provided in the cylinder of the starting end part 24 of the drying cylinder part 8, and a sufficient amount of air is secured by combining with the above heat flow. A large amount of strong hot air is generated in the tube portion 8. By this blower 10, an air flow with a wind speed of about 5 m to 10 m / sec is obtained in the drying path 9 in the drying cylinder portion 8, and the workpiece 5 is conveyed with a strong wind pressure.

  The cyclone 12 is provided adjacent to a terminal end portion 27 formed in the bent tube 28 on the last upper side of the drying tube portion 8. Only one bent cylinder piece 29 that is obtained by dividing the upper bent cylinder 28 into two at the center is attached to the end portion 27, and the powder-containing air flow blown horizontally from the bent cylinder piece 29 is cyclone. To 12 inlets.

  This cyclone 12 is a powder that is collected from a granular material discharged from the end portion 27 of the drying cylinder portion 8 and pulverized from the object to be processed 5 and air (water vapor) containing moisture by centrifugal separation with a strong swirling airflow. It is a granule separator. The cyclone 12 causes dust-containing air to flow in the tangential direction of the cylindrical container to give a swirling motion, and separates and collects dust particles using centrifugal force. The dust is struck against the wall by centrifugal force and further descends along with the swirling flow. On the other hand, air containing water vapor turns into a reciprocating swirl flow at the conical portion 11 and swirls and rises at the center of the cyclone 12 and is exhausted into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 13. Here, the powdered air flow which passed through the drying cylinder part 8 at high speed is introduce | transduced into the cyclone, and the strong swirl | vortex airflow is generated. The cyclone 12 has a simple structure and does not include moving parts, so that maintenance and inspection are easy.

Next, the operation of the drying apparatus 1 will be described.
When the drying device 1 is activated, the stirring member in the hopper 2 and the conveying screw of the screw feeder 18 start rotating, and the blower 10 and the cyclone 12 start operating. Next, the heater 4 is ignited, and a high-speed air flow accompanied by hot air is generated in the drying cylinder portion 8 through the inclined cylinder portion 6.

  Then, the workpiece 5 is put into the hopper 2. Examples of the processing object 5 include okara, beer lees, soy sauce lees, food residues such as leftover rice, animal residues, vegetable scraps, beverage food residues, fish, food processing residues, etc., which are dried and crushed. It can be reused for livestock feed. In addition, it is possible to dry and pulverize livestock products such as chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure, sewage sludge, food factory sludge, wastewater sludge, etc., and these can be reused as fertilizer for soil improvement after treatment. Use.

  The workpiece 5 put into the hopper 2 is agitated by the agitating member to break up the lump, and is moved to the lower part of the hopper 2 at a constant speed without any delay by the rotation of the agitating member located in the lower stage. It falls into the casing 16 of the feeder 18.

  The workpiece 5 in the casing 16 is moved to the end portion of the casing by the screw feeder 18 and discharged and dropped from the outlet 20 provided at the end portion. The discharged processing object 5 is sent to the starting end 24 at the lower portion of the drying cylinder 8 arranged vertically via the inclined cylinder 6 constituting a part of the starting end of the drying path. On the other hand, the heat from the heater 4 is also converted into hot air together with air and sucked into the blower 10, and sent to the starting end portion 24 at the lower portion of the drying cylinder portion 8 via the inclined cylinder portion 6.

  The workpiece 5 sent to the starting end 24 of the drying cylinder 8 is floated and blown up by the wind pressure generated by the high-speed and high-temperature air flow blown upward from the blower 10, and further above and below the drying cylinder 8. The meandering drying path 9 is conveyed toward the terminal portion at a high speed. Then, the object to be processed floats in the drying cylinder portion 8 to be crushed and separated from moisture, and the object to be processed is conveyed and pulverized at a high speed to be separated from water vapor.

  In this process, water vapor generated from the workpiece 5 heated to a high temperature is absorbed in a large amount of air blown into the drying path 9 from the blower 10, thereby quickly and efficiently. A drying process is performed. Moreover, in the cylindrical body 26 provided vertically, the object to be processed 5 is dispersed in an average direction in the horizontal direction, so that the drying is efficiently performed. Rarely promotes drying. And the to-be-processed object 5 isolate | separates a water | moisture content while moving in the inside of a cylinder with a high-speed air flow, floating in the inside of the drying cylinder part 8, and being pinched with a hot air.

  Further, the workpiece 5 that vertically moves up the drying cylinder portion 8 at a high speed passes through the semicircular drying path 9 when reaching the upper bending cylinder 28. At this time, the bending cylinder 28 is caused by centrifugal force. The outer peripheral wall surface and the pulverizing plate 34 are crushed and pulverized, and at the same time, moisture is separated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, relatively large particles such as heavy pieces and lumps in the object to be processed 5 are moved in a state along the wall surface on the outer peripheral side of the bent cylinder 28 under the influence of centrifugal force. In this way, the object 5 to be processed passing through the outer peripheral side of the bent cylinder 28 is struck and pulverized on the pulverizing plate 34, and the water contained therein is scattered and separated due to the impact of the struck. In addition, since the workpiece 5 that passes through the outer peripheral side of the bent cylinder by centrifugal force is diffused and dispersed by the pulverizing plate 34, the efficiency of drying during conveyance of the drying path 9 is enhanced.

  Further, the workpiece 5 descends along the descending path of the drying cylinder portion 8 together with the heat flow, and passes through the semicircular drying path of the bending cylinder 28 on the lower side. It passes through the drying path 9 of the bent cylinder 28 while being crushed and crushed.

  Thereafter, similarly, the workpiece 5 is dried while continuing the ascending path, descending path ascending path, descending path, descending, and swirling of the drying cylinder part 8, and is repeatedly pulverized to become a granular form. It is transferred to the end portion 27.

  In this way, the granular processing object 5 transferred to the terminal portion 27 of the drying cylinder portion 8 together with the air flow flows into the cyclone 12 provided at the terminal portion 27 at a high speed, and the air flow containing a large amount of water vapor here. Most of the air flow is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust pipe 13 together with water vapor, and the processing object 5 in the form of a granular material descends and is discharged from the lower discharge port 42. In this embodiment, it takes only a few seconds until the workpiece 5 is put into the hopper 2, passes through the drying cylinder portion 8, and is discharged into the discharge port 42 of the cyclone 12. The to-be-processed object 5 which completed the drying process is collect | recovered by the collection container 14 arrange | positioned under the cyclone 12, or a storage bag.

  At the time of maintenance and inspection of the drying apparatus 1, the connecting part 30 between the cylindrical body 26 and the lower bent cylinder 28 or the fastener 32 of the connecting part 30 between the cylindrical body 26 and the upper bent cylinder 28 is loosened. The bent cylinders 28 are removed, and the workpieces 5 attached to the insides of the bent cylinders 28 and the cylinders 26 are removed and cleaned.

  Therefore, according to the drying apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the drying path has a simple structure in which the cylinders are vertically arranged and are connected by the bent cylinder, so that the manufacturing is simple and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced. In addition, the distance of the drying path is secured, a compact design that does not take up space can be performed, and the equipment cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the to-be-processed object 5 is conveyed with a strong hot air, the drying cylinder part can dry at high speed.

  In addition, the drying device 1 is a direct heating system, so it is highly efficient and low running costs can be achieved. In addition, handling is easy, and mass processing through continuous operation and continuous discharge reduce costs such as labor costs. In addition, the dry cylinder portion 8 can be easily inspected and maintained because the cylinders are detachable at the connecting portion.

  In addition, dried and finally processed organic matter can be reused as feed for livestock and fertilizers such as soil conditioners, and it is very effective for environmental protection adapted to recycling demand. Further, the temperature of the drying path is usually around 100 ° C. or lower and the drying time is short, so that drying and pulverization can be performed in a state where there is no modification of ingredients such as food. For this reason, for example, by dry crushing livestock food such as corn, mold and the like are prevented, and the preservability is improved and a suitable feed can be obtained.

  FIG. 5 shows a drying device 44 according to the second embodiment. In this drying device 44, the same components as those in the drying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  As for the drying cylinder portion 45 of the drying device 44, the meandering drying path 9 including the ascending path and the descending path is formed by using the cylinder body 26 and the bent cylinder 28. Here, the drying cylinder section 45 is directed upward from the starting end portion 24. With respect to the length of the first ascending path 46, the length of the first descending path 47 following the ascending path is halved (about ½), and further rises by the second ascending path 48 and then descends. The length of the second descending path 49 is about 2/3 of the length of the first ascending path 46. Thereafter, the length of the descending path and the length of the ascending path of the drying cylinder portion 45 are the same (about) as the length of the first ascending path. The upper ends of the rising paths of the drying cylinder portion 45 are all the same height.

  As described above, the drying cylinder portion 45 of the drying device 44 has the first descending path 47 and the second descending path 49 that follow the ascending path with respect to the ascending length of the ascending path upward from the start end portion 24. The lowering length of the first lowering path 47 is shorter than the lowering length of the second lowering path 49. This is because, particularly when the moisture content of the workpiece 5 is high, the workpiece 5 that passes through the first descending path 47 is not yet sufficiently dried. In order to alleviate this, the momentum of the drop becomes stronger and it is directly struck against the wall surface of the bending cylinder 28 below the drying cylinder portion 45 and the object 5 is likely to adhere to the inner wall surface of the bending cylinder 28. is there.

  That is, by shortening the descending lengths of the first descending path 47 and the second descending path 49, it is possible to turn the object to rise while the momentum of acceleration due to the fall of the object 5 is small. This can reduce adhesion of the drying cylinder 45 to the lower part. The reason why the descending length of the second descending path 49 is longer than that of the first descending path 47 is that the workpiece 5 passing through the second descending path 49 is longer than when passing through the first descending path 47. This is because the possibility of being further dried and adhering to the inner wall surface of the bent cylinder 28 is low.

  Therefore, according to the drying apparatus according to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the drying path has a simple structure, so that the manufacturing is easy and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced. In addition, the equipment design can be reduced, and the equipment cost can be reduced. In addition, the drying process can be performed at a high speed. Accumulation is prevented and management is facilitated, contributing to maintenance.

  FIG. 6 shows a drying device 50 according to the third embodiment. In this drying apparatus 50, the same components as those in the drying apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  The drying apparatus 50 is basically a form in which the drying apparatuses 1 according to the first embodiment are connected in series, in series, the first dryer 51, the second dryer 52, and the third. The dryer 53 is provided. In the series of drying apparatuses 1 according to the first embodiment, the moisture (water vapor) separated from the workpiece 5 passes through the drying path 9 as it is while passing through the drying path 9, but this second embodiment. In the drying apparatus 50 according to the above, the water vapor is once released to the outside by the cyclone 12 provided in the middle, and the workpiece 5 is continuously fed into the drying path 9 of the next dryers 52 and 53 for drying and grinding. It is a form that repeats.

  The dryers 51, 52, and 53 have the same basic configuration as that of the drying device 1 according to the first embodiment, but the heater 4 and the combustion chamber 22 are concentrated in one place. 22 is connected to the inclined cylinder portion 6 of each dryer 51, 52, 53 via the conveyance cylinder 56 to supply a heat flow. Thus, by concentrating the heater 4 and the combustion chamber 22 in one place, the apparatus is simplified and the cost is reduced. Of course, the heater 4 and the combustion chamber 22 are provided for each of the dryers 51, 52, and 53, or those having a close distance relationship, for example, the heater 4 and the combustion chamber 22 of the dryer 51 and the dryer 53 are integrated. There is no problem even if the dryer 52 is composed of the single heater 4 and the combustion chamber 22 in a concentrated manner.

  Moreover, the 1st dryer 51 heat-drys the to-be-processed object, the hopper 2 which throws in the to-be-processed object 5 similarly to the drying apparatus 1 which concerns on 1st embodiment, the inclination cylinder part 6 which lets a to-be-processed object pass. A drying cylinder section 8 that blows, a blower 10 that sends a high-speed air flow to the drying cylinder section 8, and a cyclone 12 that separates an object to be processed discharged from the end of the drying cylinder section from air containing water vapor.

  The second drier 52 and the third drier 53 are respectively provided with a hopper 58 for supplying the object 5 to be processed, which has been discharged from the cyclone 12 and dried and pulverized, the inclined cylinder part 6 for allowing the object to be processed to pass through, and the object to be processed. It has a drying cylinder part 8 for drying by heating, a blower 10 for sending a high-speed air flow to the drying cylinder part 8, and a cyclone 12 for separating the object discharged from the terminal part of the drying cylinder part from air containing water vapor.

  The hopper 58 may have the same form as the hopper 2 of the first dryer 51, but here, an opening for introducing the workpiece is provided at the upper end, and a bottom opening type outlet is provided at the lower end of the hopper. The form is provided. Further, the third dryer 53 is provided with a collection container 14 for storing the object 5 to be dried and crushed below the cyclone 12.

  In this drying device 50, in any of the dryers 51, 52, and 53, the crushing plate 34 is provided on the bent cylinder 28 on the upper side of the drying cylinder portion 8. Only the form provided, or the form provided in the first dryer 51 and the second dryer 52 may be used. Further, when the workpiece is soft and easily pulverized, the pulverizing plate 34 is preferentially disposed on the upper windward side bending cylinder 28 and is not disposed on the leeward upper bending cylinder 28. It may be. In addition, when the object to be processed is relatively easily pulverized, the pulverization is performed along with the drying while passing through the meandering drying path 9 of the drying cylinder portion 8. There is no need to provide a pulverizing plate.

  As for the diameter of the cylinder of the drying cylinder portion 8 of each dryer 51, 52, 53, the object to be processed is gradually pulverized, so that the diameter is gradually reduced from the large diameter to the small diameter in order. Can do.

Next, the operation of the drying device 50 will be described.
When the drying device 50 is activated, in the first dryer 51, the stirring member in the hopper 2 and the conveying screw of the screw feeder 18 start to rotate, and the blower 10 and the cyclone 12 also start to operate. Also in the second dryer 52 and the third dryer 53, the operation of the blower 10 and the cyclone 12 is started. Next, the heater 4 is ignited, and the heat flow from the combustion chamber 22 passes through the transport cylinder 56 due to the suction force of the blower 10 of each dryer 51, 52, 53, and the inclined cylinder portion 6 of each dryer 51, 52, 53. And is sent to the respective drying cylinder portions 8, and a high-speed air flow made of hot air is generated in these drying cylinder portions 8.

  In the first dryer 51, the workpiece 5 put into the hopper 2 is dried and crushed in the same manner as described in the first embodiment. The object to be processed 5 transferred to the terminal 27 along with the air flow flows into the cyclone 12 provided at the end portion, where it is separated from the high-speed air flow containing a large amount of water vapor, and the air containing water vapor is discharged from the exhaust pipe 13. The workpiece 5 that has been discharged into the atmosphere and turned into a granular form by the drying process is discharged and lowered from the outlet 42.

  Next, the workpiece 5 separated from the water vapor by the cyclone 12 is put into the hopper 58 of the second dryer 52. In the second dryer 52, the workpiece 5 put into the hopper 58 is discharged from the lower outlet and dropped, and the lower end of the drying cylinder portion 8 arranged vertically via the inclined cylinder portion 6. Sent to the unit 24. At the same time, the heat flow from the heater 4 sucked by the blower 10 of the second dryer 52 is sent to the starting end 24 at the lower part of the drying cylinder part 8 via the inclined cylinder part 6.

  And the to-be-processed object 5 sent to the starting end part 24 of the said drying cylinder part 8 is blown up by the high-speed heat flow which blows upwards from the air blower 10, and the termination | terminus part 27 passes along the drying path 9 meandering up and down of the drying cylinder part 8. It is conveyed toward.

  In this process, as described in the first embodiment, water vapor generated from the object to be processed 5 dried in the drying cylinder 8 is absorbed in a large amount of air flow and efficiently covered. The processed product 5 is dried. Then, the water 5 was separated while moving in the drying path 9 along with the high-speed air flow while being suspended in the drying cylinder portion 8 and being swallowed with hot air, and transferred to the terminal portion 27 of the drying path 9. The object to be treated 5 flows into the cyclone 12, where air containing water vapor is released into the atmosphere, and the object to be treated 5 that is in the form of particles by drying is discharged from the lower discharge port 42.

  Further, the workpiece 5 discharged from the cyclone 12 of the second dryer 52 is put into a hopper 58 of the third dryer 53. Thereafter, in the third dryer 53, the same processing as that of the second dryer 52 is performed, and the processing object 5 that has been in the form of particles by drying descends from the discharge port 42 below the cyclone 12. Then, it is discharged and collected in the lower collection container 14.

  Since this drying device 50 has a high drying ability, it can dry and grind all organic and inorganic substances. It is also possible to supply water from the hopper also for cleaning the drying path 9 and the like. In this case, all the water is converted into water vapor and discharged from the cyclone 12, and the drying cylinder portion 8 can be easily cleaned and maintained. Also contribute.

  Therefore, according to the drying device according to the third embodiment, the same effect as that of the drying device according to the first embodiment can be obtained, and between the first dryer and the second dryer. In addition, a step of releasing moisture (steam) separated from the object to be processed by drying once into the atmosphere is added between the second dryer and the third dryer. The efficiency of the drying and pulverizing process in the third dryer is remarkably increased. For this reason, it is possible to dry and pulverize an object to be processed having a high water content (80% to 90%), which has been considered difficult in the past, and the object to be processed has a low water content to a high rate. It can be applied to a wide range up to 90% content or pure water.

  In the third embodiment, the triple drying device including the first, second, and third dryers is disclosed, but this is a dual drying device including the first and second dryers. The present invention can also be applied to an apparatus or a drying apparatus composed of a plurality of dryers more than three. In short, the number of dryers may be determined according to the moisture content of the object to be treated. For example, if the moisture content is around 20%, it is 1 series, if it is around 50%, it is 2 series, and if it is 80% or more, 3 series. It is good also as a form using the dryer more than a series. In addition, when the input amount of the workpiece to be put into the hopper is small, sufficient drying and pulverization can be performed with only one series of dryers. However, when the input amount is large, the dryers are continuously connected. It is possible to easily increase the capacity of dry pulverization by increasing the number of water vapors (by removing water vapor in the middle of drying). Further, by applying the drying apparatus according to the second embodiment to the first dryer according to the third embodiment, accumulation of the object to be processed in the vicinity of the lower portion of the drying cylinder portion can be prevented. .

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the vicinity of the blower of the drying device and the hopper.
The blower 10 according to the first embodiment generates an air flow in a linear direction, but here, a swirl blade 59 for swirling the air flow in the drying cylinder portion 8 in the vicinity of the outlet of the blower 10. The air flow is spirally swirled.

  The swirl blades 59 are provided with blades inclined in the direction of swirling air at three locations on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 26 of the drying cylinder portion 8 at the top of the blower 10. As a result, the air rises spirally in the cylindrical body 26, so that the object to be processed 5 rises while spirally turning in the drying cylinder portion 8, and a drying path having a distance equal to or longer than the conveyance distance along the cylinder is formed. It can be ensured and the efficiency of drying is increased because the object to be treated is entrained in the air. The swirl blade 59 of this form can be applied to any of the first to third embodiments.

  Further, when the water content of the object to be processed 5 exceeds 90%, the object to be processed 5 having such a high water content is almost liquid, so that it falls from the hopper 2 and falls into the inclined cylinder portion 6. There is a possibility that the object 5 to be processed that has passed through has accumulated at the bottom of the starting end portion 24 of the drying cylinder portion 8.

  In this embodiment, a tank 60 for storing the workpiece 5 having a high water content together with the hopper 2 is provided. And using the pump 62, the to-be-processed object 5 in this tank 60 is attracted | sucked through the filter 68, and it conveys to the vicinity of the taking-out port 20 of the hopper 2 via the hose 64, and is provided in the tip of this hose 64. From the mist blowing nozzle 66 attached toward the inside of the outlet 20, the workpiece 5 is sprayed in a mist toward the drying path of the inclined cylinder portion 6. The workpiece 5 is sucked by the blower 10 and sent to the starting end portion 24 of the drying cylinder portion 8 in a mist state, and blown up to the drying cylinder portion 8 together with a high-speed air flow. Thereby, even if it is a to-be-processed object with water content or high moisture content, it does not accumulate in the bottom part of the starting end part 24 of the drying cylinder part 8, and a dry pulverization process comes to be performed about all to-be-processed objects. . The embodiment relating to the mist blowing nozzle 66 is applicable to the first to third embodiments.

It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the upper part of the drying cylinder part of the drying apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure (a) (b) which shows the crushing board provided in the dry cylinder part. It is a figure which shows the grinding | pulverization state of the to-be-processed object by a grinding | pulverization board. It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the hopper vicinity of the drying apparatus which concerns on the other form of this invention. It is a figure which shows the airflow drying apparatus concerning a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Hopper, 1st hopper 4 Heater 5 To-be-processed object 8 Drying cylinder part, 1st drying cylinder part, 2nd drying cylinder part 9 Drying path 10 Blower, 1st blower, 2nd blower 12 Granules Body separator (cyclone), first powder and particle separator, second powder and particle separator 24 Start end portion 26 Tube body 27 End portion 28 Bending tube 30 Connection portion 34 Crush plate 46 First ascending path 47 First One descending path 58 Second hopper 59 Swivel blade

Claims (8)

A hopper for transferring the input workpiece to the outlet by a feeding device;
Formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from the starting end where the object to be processed discharged from the outlet is sent, and forms a cylinder and a descending path that form the upward path of the object to be processed A drying cylinder portion in which a drying path for an object to be processed is formed by alternately connecting a cylinder and an upper bending cylinder and a lower bending cylinder;
A crushing plate that protrudes from the top of the drying path of the upper bent tube formed in an arc shape toward the center of the drying path and crushes the workpiece.
A blower that is disposed at the start end of the drying cylinder and that conveys the object to be processed together with the air flow heated by the heater to the end of the drying path,
A drying apparatus comprising: a powder separator provided at an end portion of the drying cylinder portion and separating an object to be processed discharged from the end portion and air containing water vapor. A hopper for transferring the input workpiece to the outlet by a feeding device;
Formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from the starting end where the object to be processed discharged from the outlet is sent, and forms a cylinder and a descending path that form the upward path of the object to be processed A drying cylinder portion in which a cylindrical body is alternately connected via an upper bending cylinder and a lower bending cylinder to form a drying path for an object to be processed;
A blower that is arranged at the start end of the drying cylinder and transports the object to be processed to the terminal end of the drying path together with an air flow heated by a heater,
A powder separator that is provided at the end of the drying cylinder and separates the object to be processed and air containing water vapor discharged from the end;
The drying apparatus characterized in that both upper ends of the bent tube on the lower side are detachably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body via a connecting portion, respectively.   In the drying cylinder portion, the length of the first descending path following the ascending path is formed shorter than the length of the first ascending path directed upward from the starting end, and the subsequent meandering The drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a length of the descending path is longer than that of the first descending path. A first hopper for transferring the charged workpiece to the outlet by a feeding device;
Formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from the starting end where the object to be processed discharged from the outlet is sent, and forms a cylinder and a descending path that form the upward path of the object to be processed A first drying cylinder portion in which a drying path for an object to be processed is formed by alternately connecting a cylindrical body via an upper bending cylinder and a lower bending cylinder;
A first blower that is disposed at the start end of the first drying cylinder and that conveys the object to be processed to the end of the drying path together with an air flow heated by a heater;
A first powder separator that is provided at a terminal portion of the first drying cylinder portion, and separates an object to be processed and air containing water vapor discharged from the terminal portion;
A second hopper that receives the workpiece discharged from the first powder separator and transfers it to the lower outlet;
Formed to meander a plurality of times upward and downward from the starting end where the object to be processed discharged from the outlet is sent, and forms a cylinder and a descending path that form the upward path of the object to be processed A second drying cylinder portion in which a drying path for an object to be processed is formed by alternately connecting a cylindrical body via an upper bending cylinder and a lower bending cylinder;
A second blower that is disposed at the start end of the second drying cylinder and that conveys the object to be processed together with the air flow heated by the heater to the end of the drying path;
A drying device comprising a second powder separator provided at a terminal portion of the second drying cylinder portion and configured to separate a workpiece discharged from the terminal portion and air containing water vapor; apparatus.   In the first drying cylinder part, the length of the first descending path following the ascending path is formed shorter than the length of the first ascending path directed upward from the starting end, and thereafter The drying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the length of the descending path due to the meandering is longer than that of the first descending path.   The drying apparatus according to claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein both upper ends of the bent tube on the lower side are detachably connected to a lower end of the cylindrical body via a connecting portion.   The drying path of the upper bent cylinder is formed in an arc shape, and a pulverizing plate for pulverizing the workpiece is projected from the top of the drying path toward the center of the drying path. The drying apparatus according to 2, 4, or 5.   The drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein swirl vanes for swirling the airflow spirally are provided in the vicinity of the blowout port of the blower.

Images