JP2016156582A - Waste mushroom medium dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste mushroom medium dryer capable of certainly drying a waste mushroom medium at low cost even with simple processing content.SOLUTION: A waste mushroom medium dryer 100 is equipped with: a heating furnace 10 with a body part 12 having a waste medium input part 14 for controlling input of a waste medium by opening/closing operations of a rotary valve 18, and a fuel oil burner 16, and a path 19 in the body part for returning the waste medium to the body part 12 after discharging the waste medium outside the body part 12 once; a conveyance path 20 connected with the path 19 in the body part, forming a wave-like shape for reciprocating in a vertical direction for a plurality of times, and of which the flow channel cross-section of an upward path 21 is formed as larger than flow channel cross-section of a downward path 22; a cyclone drying separator 30 which is connected with the conveyance path 20, and separates the waste medium into dry-processed waste medium and separation gas; a water scrubber 40 for performing purification processing of the gas separated by the cyclone drying separator 30; and a suction machine 50.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus.

  In the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, a medium material mainly composed of corn cob or sawdust is used as a medium. A medium for mushroom cultivation made of such a medium material is used every time mushroom cultivation, and a part of mushroom waste medium (hereinafter simply referred to as waste medium) generated after use is used as compost. However, most of the waste medium is currently disposed of.

  Since artificial cultivation of mushrooms is carried out in an extremely high humidity environment, the waste medium has a very high water content, and when the waste medium is disposed of, it is extremely important to remove water. In order to remove such water in the waste medium, the applicant has proposed a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Patent No. 5451589

  According to the mushroom waste culture medium drying apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to dry the mushroom waste culture medium reliably and at low cost while having simple processing contents compared to the prior art. However, since the drying apparatus according to Patent Document 1 is in a state in which the input port of the waste medium, which is a part of the main body part in which the heating means is accommodated, is always open, heat is always released from the main body part and the heat retention is improved. Since there is room for drying and the waste culture medium that has been dried and separated by the separator is supplied to the storage bag little by little, the area around the storage bag depends on the situation of the installation location of the drying device (the situation where the wind blows) The location of the problem that the waste culture medium that had been dried was scattered.

  Therefore, the present invention prevents the heat dissipation of the main body by opening the waste medium charging section for charging the waste medium into the main body only when necessary, improves the heating efficiency, and is dried by the separator. An object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus for a mushroom waste culture medium that is excellent in usability and does not scatter the waste culture medium around the storage bag by supplying the treated waste culture medium to the storage bag.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has intensively studied, and as a result, has come up with the following configuration.
That is, a waste medium input part for supplying waste medium generated after mushroom cultivation by opening and closing operation of the rotary valve, a main body part having a heating means for heating the input waste medium, and the waste medium input from the waste medium input part A main body part path that is once discharged outside the main body part and then returned to the main body part, and connected to the main body part path and formed into a wave shape that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction, A transport path having a flow path cross-sectional area in at least a part of the upstream path larger than a flow path cross-sectional area in the downward path, and a waste medium and separation gas connected to the transport path and drying the waste medium And a separator having a separation gas discharge passage for discharging the separation gas, and a rotary valve for discharging the waste medium after the drying treatment to the outside, and the separation gas discharge passage A discharge path for separating the separated gas into a smoke particle component and an exhaust gas, discharging the smoke particle component to the outside in a condensed state by opening and closing operation of a rotary valve, and discharging the exhaust gas to the outside; A mushroom waste culture medium, comprising: a water scrubber comprising: a suction path that is connected to the discharge path and sucks air in the discharge path, the separation gas discharge path, and the discharge path. It is a drying device.

Moreover, it is preferable that an outer surface of at least the transport path of the transport path and the separator is covered with a heat insulating material.
Thereby, loss of heat energy from the surface of the conveyance path and the separator can be prevented, and the output of the heating means can be suppressed, so that operation at a low running cost is possible.

In addition, a flow path cross-sectional area in a certain upstream path in the middle of the transport path is formed larger than a flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream path immediately before a certain upstream path in the middle of the transport path. It is preferable.
As a result, in the upstream path on the main body side (upstream side) where the amount of water in the mushroom waste medium is high, the flow rate of the ascending airflow is suppressed, and the water content in the mushroom waste medium is reduced In the ascending route on the machine side (downstream side), the flow rate of the updraft can be increased. That is, the mushroom waste medium can be kept at a position close to the heating means for a long time in the conveyance path, and the mushroom waste medium can be more reliably dried.

According to the mushroom waste medium drying apparatus according to the present invention, the waste medium can be surely dried while having simple processing contents. In addition, since the waste medium charging part is not always opened, and can be opened only when necessary, the loss of heat energy of the heating furnace can be reduced. Thereby, the running cost for operating the heating means can be reduced, and further, an energy-saving mushroom waste medium drying apparatus can be provided.
In addition, when discharging the waste medium that has been reduced in weight after the drying process to the outside of the separator, it is not continuously discharged in small amounts, but by discharging a predetermined amount in a bundled state, Even in a situation where the blown is blown, the dry waste medium is not scattered around the storage bag.

It is composition explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the mushroom waste culture medium drying apparatus in this embodiment. It is composition explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the mushroom waste culture medium drying apparatus in deformation | transformation embodiment.

Hereinafter, a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a mushroom waste medium drying apparatus 100 according to this embodiment includes a heating furnace 10, a conveyance path 20 connected to the heating furnace 10, and a cyclone drying that is a separator connected to the conveyance path 20. It has a separator 30, a water scrubber 40 connected to the cyclone drying separator 30, and a suction device 50 connected to the water scrubber 40.

  The heating furnace 10 is provided with a main body part 12, a waste medium charging part 14 for charging a mushroom waste culture medium (hereinafter referred to as a waste culture medium) into the main body part 12, and a heavy oil burner 16 serving as heating means at the lower part of the main body part 12. Has been. In this embodiment, the waste medium is supplied to the main body 12 using the belt conveyor 11 which is a material supply unit. The waste medium charging unit 14 of the present embodiment has an opening 14A disposed on the upper surface of the main body 12 and a hopper 14B that is erected along the outer shape of the opening 14A. A rotary valve 18 is disposed at the inner bottom of the hopper portion 14B. Thus, by arranging the rotary valve 18 that covers the opening 14A at the inner bottom of the hopper 14B, the opening 14A of the main body 12 does not always open, and the A decrease in internal temperature can be prevented. Thereby, the heavy oil consumption of the heavy oil burner 16 is reduced, and the running cost and carbon dioxide emission amount of the mushroom waste medium drying apparatus 100 can be reduced.

  The amount of waste medium transported per unit time by the belt conveyor 11 serving as a material supply unit and the opening / closing operation of the rotary valve 18 are controlled by an operation control unit (not shown). Moreover, it is good also as an operation control part which can adjust the conveyance amount per unit time of the waste culture medium by the belt conveyor 11 to arbitrary values. The opening / closing operation of the rotary valve 18 is appropriately controlled by the operation control unit according to the transport amount of waste medium per unit time by the belt conveyor 11.

  Inside the main body 12, there is disposed a main body path 19 for drying the waste culture medium introduced from the opening 14 </ b> A without directly contacting the flame of the heavy oil burner 16. The path 19 in the main body is formed as a path that guides the waste medium introduced from the rotary valve 18 and the opening 14 </ b> A to the outside of the main body 12 and then returns it to the inside of the main body 12. The main body inner path 19 is connected to the transport path 20.

  The conveyance path 20 is connected to the main body path 19 at a lower position of the heating furnace 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the conveyance path 20 is formed in a corrugated pipeline that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction. In the ascending path 21 where the conveyed product (waste medium and hot air) is conveyed from below to above in the conveying path 20, the diameter of the midway portion excluding the upper and lower ends is conveyed from above to below. The diameter of the descending path 22 is larger than the diameter. That is, the flow path cross-sectional area in the most part of the up path 21 is formed larger than the cross section of the flow path in the down path 22.

  In the present embodiment, the flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream path 21 (excluding the upstream path 21 positioned at the uppermost stream) at a certain point in the transport path 20 is the flow path cross-sectional area of the previous upstream path 21. It is formed larger than. In other words, the upstream path 21 is formed such that the channel cross-sectional area increases as it is located on the downstream side in the transport path 20. By adopting such a configuration of the conveyance path 20 having the upstream path 21, the rising speed of the transported object in the upstream path 21 on the upstream side is made higher than the rising speed of the transported object in the upstream path 21 on the downstream side. Can do. Therefore, even if it is a waste culture medium with much water content, the inside of the up route 21 can be raised reliably, and the residence of the waste medium in the up route 21 in the upstream position can be prevented.

A support 24 for supporting the transport path 20 and a bottom cover 25 that can be opened and closed are disposed on the bottom 23 of the transport path 20. The outer surface of the conveyance path 20 is covered with a cover 26 made of a heat insulating material for preventing heat dissipation from the outer surface of the conveyance path. By covering the outer surface of the conveyance path 20 with the cover 26 of the heat insulating material, heat radiation from the outer surface of the conveyance path 20 can be prevented, and the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission of the heavy oil burner 16 can be reduced, respectively. Is preferable.
The number of reciprocations in the up and down direction of the transport path 20 is not particularly limited, but the number of reciprocations in the up and down direction of the transport path 20 can be set to an appropriate number according to the set moisture content of the waste medium after the drying process. it can.

A cyclone drying separator 30 is connected to a downstream position of the conveyance path 20. The power source of the cyclone drying separator 30 uses a suction force by a suction machine 50, which will be described later, disposed downstream of the cyclone drying separator 30, and the cyclone drying separator 30 has a dedicated power source. Not arranged. The cyclone drying separator 30 is for subjecting the waste medium to a final drying process while separating the transported material input from the transport path 20 into a dry waste medium and an exhaust gas. Since the cyclone drying separator 30 can use a known configuration, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
By covering the outer surface of the cyclone drying separator 30 with the cover 36 of the heat insulating material, heat radiation from the outer surface of the cyclone drying separator 30 is prevented, and the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission of the heavy oil burner 16 are reduced. This is preferable.

  A rotary valve 32 for supplying (dropping) the dry waste culture medium to the storage bag 60 disposed below the cyclone drying separator 30 is disposed below the cyclone drying separator 30 of the present embodiment. . When the amount of dry waste medium separated by the cyclone drying separator 30 reaches a predetermined amount, the rotary valve 32 opens the rotary valve 32 and drops (supply) the dry waste medium to the storage bag 60 when the dry waste medium is set in advance. .

  The opening / closing timing of the rotary valve 32 can be controlled by the operation control unit based on a detection signal of a weight sensor that measures the weight of the dry waste medium contained in the rotary valve 32 portion. As described above, by supplying (dropping) the dry waste medium to the storage bag 60 at a predetermined interval, a small amount of dry waste medium is continuously supplied (dropped) to the storage bag 60. This is advantageous because scattering of the dried waste medium around the storage bag 60 can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, a separation gas discharge path 34 is connected to the upper part of the cyclone drying separator 30 for transporting the separation gas from which the dry waste medium that is a solid component is separated by the cyclone drying separator 30. A water scrubber 40 for separating the smoke particle component in the separation gas and the exhaust gas is disposed downstream of the separation gas discharge path 34.

  The water scrubber 40 removes the smoke particle component contained in the separation gas from which the dry waste medium has been separated by the cyclone drying separator 30, and the post-treatment device of the separation gas for exhausting cleanly both visually and structurally. It is. Since the water scrubber 40 may have a known structure, a detailed description thereof is omitted here. Water is supplied to the water scrubber 40 from a water supply tank 42. The smoke particle component separated by the water scrubber 40 is discharged to the outside in a condensed state by the opening / closing operation of the rotary valve 44 disposed at the bottom of the water scrubber 40. The waste water containing smoke particle components discharged from the water scrubber 40 may pass through a filter (not shown) and then returned to the water supply tank 42 to circulate and use the water for the water scrubber 40.

  Further, the exhaust gas from which the smoke particle component has been removed by the water scrubber 40 is discharged into the atmosphere via the discharge path 48. A suction machine 50 is disposed in the discharge path 48. The suction force of the suction machine 50 is a power source for transporting the transported material in the discharge path 48, the separation gas discharge path 34, and the transport path 20. The suction force of the suction machine 50 is also a power source for the cyclone drying separator 30.

Next, a waste medium drying method using the mushroom waste medium drying apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, when the waste culture medium is conveyed to the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10 by the belt conveyor 11 which is a material supply unit and a predetermined amount of the waste culture medium is supplied to the hopper unit 14B, an operation control unit (not shown) is rotated. The valve 18 is opened, and the waste medium is introduced into the heating furnace 10 (main body 12) from the opening 14A.

  The waste medium charged into the heating furnace 10 is once guided from the inside of the main body 12 to the outside of the main body 12 by the main body path 19 and supplied again to the inside of the main body 12 and subjected to heat treatment twice. Will be. In the present embodiment, the path length of the path 19 in the main body is different between the forward path and the return path so that the second heat treatment is longer than the first heat treatment time. Thus, the waste culture medium heat-processed twice in the heating furnace 10 is supplied to the conveyance path 20 with hot air.

  The conveyance path 20 can be conveyed in the conveyance path 20 while reducing the moisture content of the waste medium by passing through a pipeline having a waveform that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction. In the transport path 20, the upstream path 21 from the lower side to the upper side has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the downstream path 22 from the upper side to the lower side. Since the power for conveying the hot air and the waste culture medium in the transport path 20 is only the suction device 50, the suction force (the flow rate of the transported material consisting of the waste culture medium and the hot air) in the transport path 20 is constant. Therefore, by increasing the cross-sectional area of the upstream path 21 that is a part of the transport path 20, the flow velocity of the hot air and waste medium transported material in the upstream path 21 can be reduced. As described above, the flow rate of the transported material composed of the hot air and the waste culture medium is reduced, so that the waste culture medium having a high water content falls to the bottom of the upward path 21 due to the action of gravity and is not sufficiently dried. Can be prevented from being conveyed downstream of the conveyance path 20.

  Since hot air always flows in the conveyance path 20, the waste medium remaining in the vicinity of the bottom in the up path 21 is preferentially subjected to the heat drying process. When the heat-drying process is performed in this way and the water content of the waste medium is reduced and the waste medium is reduced in weight, the waste medium is resisted by gravity to the top position even at a low flow rate in the upward path 21. The waste medium is transported to the downstream side (downward path 22) of the transport path 20 together with the hot air flowing through the transport path 20 up and down. After passing through the upstream path 21, the next upstream path 21 is supplied along the downstream path 22.

  When the waste medium being transported is in the form of a flock, the waste medium is dropped to the bottom of the down path 22 to subdivide the flock-shaped waste medium by impact when it collides with the bottom of the down path 22 can do. As described above, since the floc waste medium is subdivided, it is advantageous in that the surface area of the waste medium is increased and the drying treatment of the waste medium can be promoted.

In the second and subsequent upstream routes 21 and 22 as well, the heat drying process and the subdividing process are performed in the same manner as the first upstream path 21 and downstream path 22. By repeatedly applying these treatments to the waste medium a plurality of times, the waste medium can be dried to a predetermined moisture content and the waste medium can be subdivided.
The amount of waste medium having a high water content that is input from the waste medium charging unit 14 to the main body 12 (heating furnace 10) is appropriately adjusted by the opening / closing operation of the rotary valve 18 per unit time. Therefore, although the waste medium does not stagnate at the bottom 23 of the conveyance path 20, impurities may be mixed in the waste medium. In the transport path 20 of the present embodiment, a bottom cover 25 that can be freely opened and closed is disposed at the bottom 23. Therefore, by removing the bottom cover 25, it is possible to eliminate foreign matter removal and the stagnant state of the waste medium.

  The waste medium and hot air dried to a predetermined moisture content by the conveyance path 20 are input to a cyclone drying separator 30 connected downstream of the conveyance path 20 to perform a final drying treatment of the waste medium and to dry the solid component. A process for solid-gas separation of the treated waste medium and the separation gas as the base component is performed. The waste medium subjected to the drying treatment thus separated can be used as a raw material for wood pellets. Further, the separation gas separated from the dried waste culture medium is supplied to the water scrubber 40 through the separation gas discharge passage 34, and after the purification process is performed by removing the smoke particle component contained in the separation gas, the separation gas is discharged. Only gas is discharged to the outside. The smoke particle component separated and condensed by the water scrubber 40 may be appropriately discarded after passing through a filter (not shown). The filtered water may be returned to the water supply tank 42.

  As mentioned above, although the drying apparatus of the waste culture medium of the mushroom concerning this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to embodiment shown above. For example, in FIG. 1, the flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream path 21 is shown to be larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the downstream path 22 over the entire upstream path 21, but only the required range of the upstream path 21 is shown. The cross-sectional area of the flow path may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the downstream path 22.

Further, in the present embodiment, the form in which the heavy oil burner 16 is disposed as the heating means of the heating furnace 10 is described, but a gas burner, an electric heater, or the like may be employed.
Furthermore, the wood pellets produced using the waste medium dried by the cyclone drying separator 30 is put into the heating furnace 10 as auxiliary fuel or main fuel, and ignited by heating means such as the heavy oil burner 16 and continuously. It is also possible to burn it.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a configuration in which a bypass path 70 connects the connecting portion between the down path 22 located at the most downstream side of the conveyance path 20 from the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10 and the bottom 23 is employed. You can also By disposing such a bypass path 70, the high-temperature gas in the heating furnace 10 can be supplied to the cyclone drying separator 30. That is, it is advantageous in that the solid-gas separation process using the cyclone dry separator 30 can be performed more efficiently.
The bypass path 70 can also employ a configuration in which the main body 12 of the heating furnace 10 and the cyclone drying separator 30 are directly connected. A cover (not shown) made of a heat insulating material can be attached to the outer surface of the bypass path 70.

Although not shown, after the separation gas discharge path 34 of the cyclone drying separator 30 is disposed along the conveyance direction of the belt conveyor 11 at a position below the conveyance surface of the belt conveyor 11, the exhaust gas discharged by the water scrubber 40 is discharged. A form for performing the processing can also be adopted.
When adopting this modification, it is preferable to cover the outer surface of the separation gas discharge passage 34 with a cover made of a heat insulating material (not shown). The heat energy of the separation gas discharge path 34 as described above can be used as a heat source for pre-drying (pre-heating) of the waste medium during the conveyance of the belt conveyor 11, and more efficient mushroom waste medium drying processing is performed. This is preferable.

10 heating furnace, 11 belt conveyor, 12 main body,
14 waste medium input part, 14A opening part, 14B hopper part,
16 Heavy oil burner, 18 Rotary valve, 19 Path in the body,
20 transport path, 21 up path, 22 down path, 23 bottom, 24 struts,
25 bottom cover, 26 cover,
30 cyclone drying separator, 32 rotary valve, 34 separation gas discharge path,
36 cover,
40 water scrubbers, 42 water supply tanks, 44 rotary valves,
46 cover, 48 discharge path,
50 suction machine,
60 storage bags,
70 bypass route,
100 Mushroom waste medium drying equipment

Claims (3)

A waste medium input part for supplying waste medium generated after mushroom cultivation by opening and closing operation of the rotary valve, a main body part having a heating means for heating the input waste medium, and a waste medium input from the waste medium input part A heating furnace having a path in the main body after returning to the main body after being discharged outside the main body,
Connected to the path in the main body and formed in a wave shape that reciprocates a plurality of times in the vertical direction, and the flow path cross-sectional area in at least a part of the up path is formed larger than the flow path cross-sectional area in the down path A transport path;
A separation gas discharge path for discharging the separation gas and a rotary for discharging the waste treatment medium to the outside while separating the waste culture medium into a waste treatment medium and a separation gas which are connected to the conveyance path. A separator having a valve;
The separation gas is connected to the separation gas discharge path, and the separation gas is separated into a smoke particle component and an exhaust gas, and is discharged to the outside in a state where the smoke particle component is condensed by opening and closing operations of a rotary valve. A water scrubber having a discharge path for discharging to the outside;
A mushroom waste medium drying apparatus connected to the discharge path, the transport path, the separation gas discharge path, and a suction device for sucking air in the discharge path.   The mushroom waste medium drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of at least the transport path of the transport path and the separator is covered with a heat insulating material.   The flow path cross-sectional area in a certain upstream path in the middle part of the transport path is formed larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream path in front of a certain upstream path in the middle part of the transport path. The mushroom waste medium drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

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