JP6564913B2 - Organic waste treatment methods - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for treating organic waste.

  Compost and feed methods are widely known for the treatment of organic waste, such as waste waste medium, food residues, and processed fishery product waste discharged after artificial cultivation of straw. It often takes several months to make compost and feed. In addition, when composting or foddering organic waste, foul odors often occur during the manufacturing process, and there are various restrictions in the selection of organic waste treatment sites. The current situation is that processing has not caught up.

The present applicant has obtained a patent relating to a waste medium drying apparatus as disclosed in Patent Document 1 in order to solve the problem of waste medium treatment, which is a representative example of such organic waste. ing.
Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration of a heating device that can burn waste waste medium as fuel.

Japanese Patent No. 5451589 JP 2012-225530 A

Since the drying apparatus of the waste culture medium currently disclosed by patent document 1 uses the heavy oil (kerosene) burner continuously as a dryer for drying a waste waste culture medium, The drying method has a problem that running cost is high.
Further, when the waste culture medium is directly burned as fuel as in the heating device disclosed in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that ash is attached to the inner surface of the combustion chamber and the maintenance frequency of the combustion chamber is increased. The deposits on the inner surface of the combustion chamber are thought to be due to low melting point materials derived from raw materials contained in the waste medium and compounds added to the medium. Thus, when performing the process which burns a waste waste culture medium, the problem of the deposit | attachment to the inner surface of a combustion furnace becomes an unavoidable subject.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object is as follows. In other words, by minimizing the amount of fossil fuel typified by heavy oil and kerosene and reducing the amount of deposits in the combustion device as much as possible even when burning the waste medium as organic waste, An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating organic waste, which can efficiently dry a waste medium at a running cost.

  As a result of intensive studies by the inventors of the present application in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the following configuration has been conceived. The present invention comprises a hot air generating step for generating hot air by burning fuel with a hot air generator, a step of supplying the hot air to the bottom of a vertical dryer via a hot air supply path, and an organic waste. A step of supplying a processing object to the vertical dryer, and a step of separating the hot air discharged from the vertical dryer and a mixture of the dried body into the hot air and the dried body by a cyclone furnace. A step of classifying the dried processed body after separation in a classifying unit, and a part of the dried processed body that has passed through the classifying unit is mixed with the processing target to reduce the moisture content of the processing target. An organic waste treatment method comprising: a step; and a step of supplying the dry treatment body remaining in the classification unit to the hot air generator as a fuel.

  As a result, the low-melting-point substance and compound components mixed in the fine particle state in the dry-processed dry body after passing through the vertical dryer are removed, and the dry-processed body is circulated to the hot air generator as fuel. Can be supplied. Therefore, the malfunction which arises in a hot-air generator by the deposit | attachment accumulating on the inner surface of a hot-air generator can be eliminated. In addition, the organic waste represented by the waste medium is dried and then used as a fuel whose particle size is adjusted, so the amount of fossil fuel required for the drying process is made as small as possible. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the running cost when processing organic waste.

  Moreover, it is preferable to further have the process of dividing the said dry process body which passed the said classification part into two by a division part, and mixing one with the said process target object.

  Thereby, it is possible to mix a half of the dry processed body dried by the vertical dryer at least once with a dry processing target composed of organic waste with a high water content newly input from the material input port. Therefore, the moisture content of the object to be dried can be reduced at the stage before being supplied to the vertical dryer. Therefore, the fossil fuel used in the hot air generator can be reduced.

  Further, it is preferable that a part of the dried processed body that has passed through the classification part is used as a feed for livestock or a raw material for compost.

  This makes it possible to effectively use the dried processed body, that is, organic waste.

In the hot air generation step, the temperature of the hot air to be supplied to the hot air supply path using an outside air supply unit and a temperature measurement unit provided in pairs in a plurality of locations in the height direction of the hot air generator And a temperature management step for managing the amount of outside air supplied from the outside air supply unit to the inside of the hot air generator based on the temperature of the hot air measured by the temperature measurement unit. It is preferable to adjust the temperature of the hot air supplied to the vertical dryer to a temperature at which the object to be processed supplied into the vertical dryer does not burn.

  Thereby, the organic waste does not burn in the vertical dryer, and the organic waste can be appropriately and efficiently dried.

In addition, a hot air generating step of generating hot air by burning fuel with a hot air generator, a step of supplying the hot air to the bottom of the vertical dryer via the hot air supply path, and a processing target consisting of organic waste Supplying the product to the vertical dryer, and separating the hot air discharged from the vertical dryer and the dry processed body into the hot air and the dried processed body in a cyclone furnace, and Reducing the moisture content of the processing object by mixing one of the drying process body divided into two by the dividing unit and the drying process body divided into two by the dividing unit into the processing object. A step of classifying the other of the dried processed bodies divided into two by the dividing unit by a classifying unit, and a step of supplying the dried processed body remaining in the classified unit to the hot air generator as a fuel, Have Serial hot air generator step, managing the temperature of the hot air to be supplied to the hot air supply passage with the external air supply and temperature measuring section provided in a state of a pair at a plurality of locations in the height direction of the hot-air generator And a temperature management step for adjusting the amount of outside air supplied from the outside air supply unit to the inside of the hot air generator based on the temperature of the hot air measured by the temperature measurement unit. it enables the temperature of the hot air supplied to said vertical dryer, the processing object supplied to the vertical dryer can also be reduced to a temperature not would provide an combustion.

  As a result, the low-melting-point substance and compound components mixed in the fine particle state in the dry-processed dry body after passing through the vertical dryer are removed, and the dry-processed body is circulated to the hot air generator as fuel. Can be supplied. Therefore, the malfunction which arises in a hot-air generator by the deposit | attachment accumulating on the inner surface of a hot-air generator can be eliminated. In addition, the organic waste represented by the waste medium is dried and then used as a fuel whose particle size is adjusted, so the amount of fossil fuel required for the drying process is made as small as possible. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the running cost when processing organic waste. And an organic waste does not burn in a vertical dryer, and an organic waste can be dried appropriately and efficiently.

  In addition, since the amount of the dried processed body to be processed in the classification unit is reduced, the maintenance frequency of the classification unit can be reduced. In addition, the classifying unit can be downsized. In addition, the low-melting-point substances and compounds that are mixed in the form of fine particles in the dry-processed body that has been processed by passing through the vertical dryer are removed, and the dry-processed body is circulated and supplied to the hot air generator as fuel Can be made. Thereby, the malfunction which arises in a hot-air generator by a deposit depositing on the inner surface of a hot-air generator can also be eliminated.

  By adopting the organic waste processing method according to the present invention, after removing the low melting point substance and compound components mixed in a fine particle state in the dry processing body obtained by drying the processing object. The dried body can be circulated and supplied to the hot air generator as fuel. Thereby, the malfunction which arises in a hot-air generator by the deposit | attachment accumulating on the inner surface of a hot-air generator can be eliminated. In addition, the organic waste represented by the waste medium is dried and then used as a fuel whose particle size is adjusted. Therefore, it is easy to control the combustion temperature in the hot air generator, and the drying target As a result, the amount of fossil fuel required for drying can be reduced as much as possible, and the running cost can be greatly reduced.

It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus of the organic waste concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus of the organic waste concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the drying apparatus of the organic waste concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the modification of the drying apparatus of organic waste.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of an organic waste processing method according to the present invention will be described based on the configuration of an organic waste drying apparatus shown in the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste drying apparatus according to the first embodiment. The organic waste drying apparatus of the present embodiment circulates and uses part of the dried processed body after the particle size adjustment as fuel after adjusting the particle size of the dried processed body after the drying process. The organic waste drying apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment employs a waste medium after artificial cultivation of shimeji mushrooms as the organic waste to be dried.

  The organic waste drying apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment supplies combustion gas generated by burning heavy oil using the heavy oil burner 10 to the hot air generator 20 as hot air at the start of operation. The hot air supplied by the hot air generator 20 is supplied to the vertical dryer 30 via the hot air supply path 22. The hot air supply path 22 is connected to a hot air intake portion 32 disposed at the bottom of the vertical dryer 30. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical dryer 30 is formed in a vertically long shape, and the hot air taken in from the hot air intake unit 32 rises in the internal space of the vertical dryer 30 and is located above the vertical dryer. The product is discharged from the provided discharge port 34 to the outside of the vertical dryer 30.

  In the vertical dryer 30, a rotary crusher 33 is disposed at a position below the hot air intake unit 32, and a drying processing object supply port is provided at a position above the hot air intake unit 32. A waste medium supply port 36 is provided. The drying medium supply port 42 is connected to the waste medium supply port 36. Here, a feed screw is used as the drying object supply path 42. A mixer 44 having a material inlet 40 for introducing the waste medium is disposed upstream of the drying object supply path 42. Here, a paddle mixer was adopted as a mixer.

  The waste medium supplied from the material input port 40 is supplied to the waste medium supply port 36 via the mixer 44 and the drying process target supply path 42 and is input to the internal space of the vertical dryer 30. . At start-up, the waste medium passing through the mixer 44 is simply transported.

  The waste medium introduced into the internal space of the vertical dryer 30 is pulverized by the rotary crusher 33 disposed at the bottom of the vertical dryer 30 and discharged to the hot air intake unit 32 side (scraping up). In other words, the hot air from the hot air intake unit 32 is subjected to a drying process. As described above, since an upward flow due to hot air is generated in the internal space of the vertical dryer 30, the waste medium (dried waste medium) dried by the hot air is mixed with the hot air in the vertical dryer 30. The interior space is raised to an upper position and discharged from the discharge port 34 to the outside of the vertical dryer 30.

  A transport path 38 is connected to the discharge port 34 of the vertical dryer 30. The downstream end of the conveyance path 38 is connected to a cyclone furnace 50 for separating the mixture of hot air and dry waste waste medium, which is a dried body, into hot air and dry waste waste medium. The hot air separated by the cyclone furnace 50 is exhausted by a bag filter 52 typified by a water scrubber and then discharged into the atmosphere.

  On the other hand, the dried waste waste medium separated from the hot air by the cyclone furnace 50 is divided into approximately two parts by separating the dried waste waste medium separated by passing through a dividing portion 60 formed in a tube having an inverted Y shape. One branching destination 62 in the dividing unit 60 opens toward the return conveyor 66, and about half of the dry waste waste medium is discharged to the return conveyor 66. At the end position of the return conveyor 66, a second input section 46 of a paddle mixer which is a mixer 44 is installed in a positioned state.

  Since the dry waste waste medium supplied from the return conveyor 66 to the mixer 44 has passed through the vertical dryer 30 at least once, the waste waste medium (as a dry processing object to be fed from the material inlet 40) ( Compared to a water content of 65%, the water content is significantly lower (water content of 15%). In this way, the dry waste waste medium having a low water content is mixed with the waste waste medium introduced from the material input port 40 by the mixer 44, whereby the dry waste waste medium is supplied to the vertical dryer 30 from the drying object supply path 42. A so-called pre-drying treatment can be performed in which the moisture content of the waste medium is about 30%, which is about half of the initial moisture content. By using the waste medium that has been pre-dried in this way as an object to be dried, the processing time of the vertical dryer 30 can be shortened, and the temperature of hot air to be supplied into the vertical dryer 30 can be reduced. For example, the load on the vertical dryer 30 can be reduced.

  In addition, a vibration sieve 70 as a classification unit is disposed at the other branch destination 64 of the dividing unit 60. The vibrating sieve 70 is for removing a solidified body made of a raw material-derived low-melting-point substance and a compound of an additive contained in the koji culture medium by a drying process using hot air (vertical dryer 30). Since this coagulated body often has a particle size smaller than the particle size of the waste waste medium, the dried waste waste medium, which is a dry treated body dried at least once by the vertical dryer 30, is passed through the vibrating sieve 70. Thus, it is possible to separate the dry waste waste medium having a small particle size containing the coagulation component at a high concentration.

  The dry waste waste medium having a small particle size and containing the coagulated body component having passed through the vibrating sieve 70 at a high concentration is recovered as a regenerating material by the recovery unit 80. The dried straw waste medium collected by the collection unit 80 can be used as a raw material for livestock feed, compost, and the like.

  On the other hand, the dried waste medium having a predetermined particle size or more having a low concentration of the solidified component remaining on the vibrating sieve 70 is supplied to the circulation supply path 90. The downstream end of the circulation supply path 90 is connected to the hot air generator 20. The circulation supply path 90 is transported by the air supplied by the blower fan 92.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the circulation supply path 90 is connected to the fuel supply port 24 provided at the same height as the combustion gas supply port of the heavy oil burner 10 in the upper position of the hot air generator 20. It is connected. If dry waste waste medium, which is fuel, is supplied from the fuel supply port 24, hot air can be generated only from the dry waste medium. As described above, once the dry waste waste medium as the fuel for continuous operation is supplied from the circulation supply path 90 to the hot air generator 20, the dry waste is discarded as long as the new waste waste medium is continuously supplied from the material input port 40. Only the culture medium can be burned in the hot air generator 20 to obtain hot air. Thereby, compared with the drying apparatus of the organic waste concerning a prior art, the usage-amount of heavy oil can be reduced significantly.

  Moreover, the large-particle-size dry waste waste culture medium supplied to the circulation supply path 90 as a fuel for continuous operation is in a state where the components that become solidified bodies are greatly reduced. By using the dried waste waste medium in which the components that become solidified bodies are reduced (removed) as the fuel for the hot air generator 20, adhesion of the solidified components to the inner wall surface of the hot air generator 20 is greatly suppressed. This is advantageous in that the maintenance frequency of the hot air generator 20 can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 2, the organic waste drying apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is configured so that the temperature of the hot air supplied from the hot air generator 20 to the vertical dryer 30 is an appropriate temperature. It is characteristic that 200 is disposed. Here, the same configurations as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the member numbers used in the first embodiment, and detailed description of each configuration in the drawings is omitted.

  The temperature management unit 200 uses the temperature measurement unit 210 that measures the internal temperature of the hot air generator 20, the blower fan 221 for supplying outside air to the hot air generator 20, and the outside air supplied from the blower fan 221 to the hot air generator. An outside air supply unit 220 including an outside air supply valve 222 to be supplied, and a control unit 230 for controlling the operations of the blower fan 221 and the outside air supply valve 222 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit 210 are provided. Here, an electromagnetic valve is used as the outside air supply valve 222.

  As is clear from FIG. 2, the temperature measurement unit 210 and the outside air supply valve 222 arranged in the hot air generator 20 are spaced apart from each other in the height direction of the hot air generator 20 in a state of being paired with each other. It is arranged at three places. Thus, the temperature of the hot air supplied from the hot air generator 20 is also managed by controlling the internal temperature of the hot air generator 20 at a plurality of locations. It is advantageous in that it is possible to avoid problems caused by temperature changes of hot air such as waste medium burning.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste drying apparatus according to the third embodiment. As is clear from FIG. 3, the present embodiment is characterized in that the arrangement position of the vibration sieve 70 that is the classification unit is different from that of the first and second embodiments. Also in the present embodiment, for the same configuration as the configuration described in the previous embodiment, the detailed description of each configuration in FIG. 3 is omitted by using the member numbers used in the previous embodiment. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the present embodiment is characterized in that a vibrating sieve 70 is disposed immediately below the cyclone furnace 50. According to this configuration, the amount of the dry waste waste medium classified by the vibration sieve 70 is twice that of the previous embodiment. Therefore, although the vibration sieve 70 needs to be enlarged, the vibration that becomes the fuel for continuous operation The amount of the large particle size dry waste medium remaining on the sieve 70 can also be doubled. Thereby, even if only the fuel for continuous operation is burned by the hot air generator 20, the hot air necessary and sufficient for operating the organic waste drying apparatus 100 according to the present invention can be obtained.

  The dry waste waste medium having a small particle size that has passed through the vibrating sieve 70 is divided into two by a dividing unit 60 disposed immediately below the vibrating sieve 70, one being supplied to the return conveyor 66, and the other being a collecting unit. 80 will be collected. If the amount of dry waste waste medium to be supplied to the return conveyor 66 is insufficient, a part of the dry waste medium of continuous operation fuel may be supplied to the return conveyor 66.

  Although the organic waste processing method according to the present invention has been described in detail above based on the organic waste drying apparatus in the first to third embodiments, the present invention is based on the above embodiment. It is not limited. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the heavy oil burner 10 is used as a heat source supply unit at the time of starting the organic waste drying apparatus 100. However, a pellet made from a gas burner or a waste waste medium as a raw material is used as fuel at the time of starting Other burners can also be used. Moreover, the pellets manufactured in advance can be supplied to the circulation supply path 90 or the hot air generator 20 as a fuel for continuous operation.

  Moreover, the supply operation of the waste culture medium from the material input port 40 is controlled by an operation control unit (not shown) so that the supply amount per hour of the waste culture medium supplied to the material input port 40 is constant. A form may be adopted. Furthermore, the moisture content measuring means for measuring the moisture content of the waste medium supplied from the material input port 40 is provided with one or more of the material input port 40, the drying object supply path 42, and the mixer 44. In addition, an operation control unit (not shown) that adjusts the amount of the waste culture medium input to the material input port 40 in accordance with the water content of the waste culture medium measured by the moisture content measuring means may be provided.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a hot air temperature adjusting unit 240 that adjusts the temperature of the hot air supplied to the vertical dryer 30 may be disposed in the hot air supply path 22. As the hot air temperature adjustment unit 240, it is preferable to employ an outside air intake port or a heat exchanger that takes in outside air. The hot air temperature adjusting unit 240 is configured to control the operation by the second control unit 250 based on the temperature measured by the thermometer disposed in the hot air supply path 22 or the vertical dryer 30. Also good. In particular, when a heat exchanger is employed in the hot air temperature adjustment unit 240, if a power generation device (not shown) using thermal energy obtained by the heat exchanger is further added, the organic waste drying device 100 Independent operation is also possible, which is preferable.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a heat exchanger 260 may be disposed between the cyclone furnace 50 and the bag filter 52. Thereby, the thermal energy which the waste hot air isolate | separated by the cyclone furnace 50 has can be used effectively. As long as the waste heat obtained from the heat exchanger 260 disposed between the cyclone furnace 50 and the bag filter 52 is sufficient as long as the hot water is supplied.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the waste waste medium is illustrated as an example of the organic waste, but the organic waste is not limited to the waste waste medium, and food residues, agricultural products, fishery Of course, waste generated during the processing of food products and livestock products can be used as the object to be dried. Furthermore, even the embodiments in which the above-described embodiments and arbitrary configurations in the above-described modified examples are appropriately combined belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

10 heavy oil burner,
20 hot air generator, 22 hot air supply path, 24 fuel supply port,
30 vertical dryer, 32 hot air intake, 33 rotary crusher, 34 outlet,
36 茸 Waste medium supply port, 38 transport path,
40 Material input port, 42 Drying object supply path, 44 Mixer, 46 Second input unit,
50 cyclone furnaces, 52 bag filters,
60 division units, 62 one branch destination, 64 other branch destination, 66 return conveyor,
70 Vibrating sieve (classification part),
80 collection department,
90 circulation supply path, 92 blower fan,
100 Organic waste drying equipment,
200 temperature management department,
210 temperature measurement unit,
220 outside air supply unit, 221 blower fan, 222 outside air supply valve,
230 control unit,
240 hot air temperature adjustment unit,
250 second control unit,
260 heat exchanger

Claims (5)

A hot air generating process for generating hot air by burning fuel with a hot air generator;
Supplying the hot air to the bottom of the vertical dryer via a hot air supply path;
Supplying a processing object consisting of organic waste to the vertical dryer;
Separating the mixture of the hot air discharged from the vertical dryer and the dry processed body into the hot air and the dried processed body by a cyclone furnace;
A step of classifying the dried processed body after separation in a classification section;
A step of mixing a part of the dried processed body that has passed through the classification unit with the processing object to reduce the moisture content of the processing object;
And a step of supplying the dried processed body remaining in the classification section to the hot air generator as a fuel.   The organic waste processing method according to claim 1, wherein the dried processed body that has passed through the classification unit is divided into two by a dividing unit, and one is mixed with the object to be processed.   The method for treating organic waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the dried treated body that has passed through the classification section is used as a raw material for livestock feed or compost. The hot air generation step manages the temperature of the hot air to be supplied to the hot air supply path using an outside air supply unit and a temperature measurement unit provided in pairs in a plurality of locations in the height direction of the hot air generator. A temperature control step to
The temperature management step adjusts the amount of outside air supplied from the outside air supply unit to the inside of the hot air generator based on the temperature of the hot air measured by the temperature measuring unit , thereby allowing the vertical dryer to The temperature of the hot air to be supplied is reduced to a temperature at which the object to be processed supplied into the vertical dryer does not burn. The organic waste disposal method as described. A hot air generating process for generating hot air by burning fuel with a hot air generator;
Supplying the hot air to the bottom of the vertical dryer via a hot air supply path;
Supplying a processing object consisting of organic waste to the vertical dryer;
Separating the hot air discharged from the vertical dryer and the dry processed body into the hot air and the dried processed body in a cyclone furnace;
A step of dividing the dried processed body after separation into two parts by a dividing unit;
A step of mixing one of the dry processed bodies divided into two by the dividing unit into the processing object to reduce the water content of the processing object;
A step of classifying the other of the dried processed bodies divided into two by the division unit by a classification unit;
Supplying the dried processed body remaining in the classification section as a fuel to the hot air generator,
The hot air generation step manages the temperature of the hot air to be supplied to the hot air supply path using an outside air supply unit and a temperature measurement unit provided in pairs in a plurality of locations in the height direction of the hot air generator. A temperature control step to
The temperature management step adjusts the amount of outside air supplied from the outside air supply unit to the inside of the hot air generator based on the temperature of the hot air measured by the temperature measuring unit , thereby allowing the vertical dryer to A method for treating organic waste, wherein the temperature of the hot air to be supplied is lowered to a temperature at which the object to be treated supplied in the vertical dryer does not burn.

Images