JP5442186B2 - Developing device, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge - Google Patents

Developing device, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge Download PDF

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JP5442186B2
JP5442186B2 JP2007172064A JP2007172064A JP5442186B2 JP 5442186 B2 JP5442186 B2 JP 5442186B2 JP 2007172064 A JP2007172064 A JP 2007172064A JP 2007172064 A JP2007172064 A JP 2007172064A JP 5442186 B2 JP5442186 B2 JP 5442186B2
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developer
supply
conveyance path
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JP2009009022A (en
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麻衣子 小枝
清典 津田
聡 宮元
悟 吉田
弘一 加藤
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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本発明は、複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンタ等に用いられる現像装置並びにこれを用いた画像形成装置及びプロセスカートリッジに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a developing device used for a copying machine, a facsimile, a printer, and the like, and an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge using the developing device.

従来から、トナーと磁性キャリアとを含む二成分の現像剤を用いた現像装置を備える画像形成装置が広く用いられている。この種の画像形成装置として、現像に伴ってトナーを消費する現像装置内の現像剤に対して、必要に応じてトナー収容器からトナーを補給することで、現像剤のトナー濃度を所定範囲内に維持するものがある。かかる構成では、現像剤内のキャリアは殆ど消費されず繰り返し使用されるため、画像を出力するにしたがってキャリアが劣化する。具体的には、機械的なストレスなどでキャリア表面のコーディング膜が削れたり、キャリア表面にトナーの成分がスペントしたりする。キャリアが劣化すると、キャリアのトナーを帯電させる能力が徐々に低下し、地肌部汚れ、画像濃度低下、画像濃度ムラ等の異常画像やトナー飛散などの不具合を引き起こす。このため、この種の画像形成装置では定期的にサービスマンがユーザーを訪問してキャリアの交換を行っていた。このために、メンテナンス費用がかかり画像形成の単価が高くなってしまっていた。   Conventionally, an image forming apparatus including a developing device using a two-component developer including toner and a magnetic carrier has been widely used. As an image forming apparatus of this type, the toner density of the developer is kept within a predetermined range by supplying toner from the toner container as necessary to the developer in the developing apparatus that consumes toner with development. There is something to keep in. In such a configuration, the carrier in the developer is hardly consumed and used repeatedly, and therefore the carrier deteriorates as the image is output. Specifically, the coating film on the carrier surface is scraped by mechanical stress or the toner component is spent on the carrier surface. When the carrier is deteriorated, the ability to charge the toner of the carrier is gradually reduced, causing problems such as background stains, image density reduction, abnormal image density unevenness and toner scattering. For this reason, in this type of image forming apparatus, a service person regularly visits the user to exchange carriers. For this reason, maintenance costs are incurred, and the unit price for image formation is high.

特許文献1及び特許文献2には、キャリアとトナーとを混合したプレミックス現像剤を現像装置内の現像剤に補給してトナー濃度の回復を図りながら、増加量分の現像剤を現像装置から排出させる現像装置が記載されている。かかる構成では、現像剤の排出によって古くなったキャリアを少しずつ現像装置内から排出しつつ、プレミックス現像剤中の新しいキャリアを現像装置内の現像剤に補給する。そして、このような排出と補給とによって現像剤中のキャリアを少しずつ新たなものに交換していくことで、キャリアの交換作業を省くことができる。   In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a premix developer in which a carrier and toner are mixed is supplied to the developer in the developing device to restore the toner density, and an increased amount of developer is removed from the developing device. A developing device to be discharged is described. In such a configuration, a new carrier in the premix developer is replenished to the developer in the developing device while the carrier that has become old due to the discharge of the developer is gradually discharged from the developing device. Then, the carrier replacement work can be omitted by replacing the carrier in the developer gradually with a new one by such discharge and replenishment.

特許文献1の現像装置では、現像装置内の現像剤量を検知するセンサと、現像剤の排出部を開閉するシャッター機構とを設けている。そして、通常動作時にはシャッターが閉じていて現像剤が排出されないようになっており、センサで現像剤の嵩がある一定以上になったと検知した場合にシャッターが開き現像剤が排出される構成をとっている。しかしこの方式の場合、構成が複雑になってしまいコストも高くなってしまう。
特許文献2の現像装置では、現像剤を現像ローラに供給しながら現像ローラの軸方向に現像剤を搬送する供給搬送路の現像ローラに現像剤を供給する位置よりも下流側の側壁に設けられた排出開口部から現像装置外に現像剤を排出する。また、排出開口部が設けられた位置よりも下流側には、現像剤を供給搬送路の上流端に受け渡す循環搬送路と連通する循環開口部が設けられている。この現像装置では、プレミックス現像剤が供給され、現像装置内の現像剤量が増加すると、供給搬送路内の現像剤の嵩が高くなる。このとき、排出開口部を設けた位置で、排出開口部の高さまで到達した現像剤は排出開口部から現像装置外部へ排出され、排出開口部が設けられた位置で排出されなかった現像剤は循環開口部を通って循環搬送路に送られる。また、供給搬送路内の現像剤の嵩が変化しない状態では、排出開口部の位置で現像剤の嵩が排出開口部の高さに到達しないため現像剤は排出されず、供給搬送路の下流側に到達した現像剤は循環搬送路に送られる。
このような現像装置では、プレミックス現像剤が供給されて増加した分の現像剤が排出開口部から排出されることで、装置内の現像剤中のキャリアを少しずつ新たなものに交換していくことができる。また、供給搬送路内の現像剤の嵩が変化しない状態では、現像剤の排出が行われないため現像装置内の現像剤量が減少することを防止することができる。さらに、排出開口部の位置で現像剤の嵩が排出開口部の高さに到達すると排出開口部の高さに到達した現像剤は自然に排出開口部から装置外部に排出される。このため、特許文献1に記載の現像装置のようなセンサとシャッターとからなる現像剤の複雑な排出機構が不要となり、構成の複雑化やコスト高となることを防止できる。
In the developing device of Patent Document 1, a sensor that detects the amount of developer in the developing device and a shutter mechanism that opens and closes a developer discharge portion are provided. In normal operation, the shutter is closed so that the developer is not discharged, and when the sensor detects that the volume of the developer exceeds a certain level, the shutter opens and the developer is discharged. ing. However, in this method, the configuration becomes complicated and the cost increases.
In the developing device of Patent Document 2, the developer is provided on the side wall on the downstream side of the position where the developer is supplied to the developing roller of the supply conveyance path that conveys the developer in the axial direction of the developing roller while supplying the developer to the developing roller. The developer is discharged from the developing opening to the outside of the developing device. Further, on the downstream side of the position where the discharge opening is provided, a circulation opening that communicates with the circulation conveyance path that transfers the developer to the upstream end of the supply conveyance path is provided. In this developing device, when the premix developer is supplied and the amount of developer in the developing device increases, the bulk of the developer in the supply conveyance path increases. At this time, the developer that reaches the height of the discharge opening at the position where the discharge opening is provided is discharged from the discharge opening to the outside of the developing device, and the developer that is not discharged at the position where the discharge opening is provided is It is sent to the circulation conveyance path through the circulation opening. Further, in the state where the volume of the developer in the supply conveyance path does not change, the developer does not reach the height of the discharge opening at the position of the discharge opening, so the developer is not discharged, and the downstream of the supply conveyance path. The developer having reached the side is sent to the circulation conveyance path.
In such a developing apparatus, the developer in the developer in the apparatus is gradually replaced with a new one by discharging the increased amount of developer supplied from the premix developer through the discharge opening. I can go. Further, since the developer is not discharged in a state where the volume of the developer in the supply conveyance path does not change, it is possible to prevent the developer amount in the developing device from decreasing. Further, when the bulk of the developer reaches the height of the discharge opening at the position of the discharge opening, the developer that has reached the height of the discharge opening is naturally discharged from the discharge opening to the outside of the apparatus. For this reason, a complicated developer discharging mechanism including a sensor and a shutter as in the developing device described in Patent Document 1 is not required, and it is possible to prevent the configuration from becoming complicated and costly.

特許第2891845号公報Japanese Patent No. 2891845 特開2000−112238号公報JP 2000-112238 A

しかしながら、現像装置内の現像剤量が変化しなくても供給搬送路の現像剤の嵩が一時的に変化する場合がある。例えば、現像装置を停止させた状態でしばらく放置しておくと、現像装置内の現像剤が締まり、現像剤が締まった状態で現像剤を駆動させると、供給搬送路内を搬送される現像剤が波打ち、部分的に現像剤の嵩が高くなる現象が生じることがある。すなわち、供給搬送路内の現像剤がその搬送方向について、嵩が高い部分と、嵩が低い部分とが存在することになる。
特許文献2の現像装置では、排出開口部を設けた箇所を嵩が高い部分が通過するときに、排出開口部の高さに到達した現像剤は排出され、この箇所を通過した所定の嵩の高さとなる現像剤のみが循環開口部に到達する。一方、排出開口部を設けた箇所を嵩が低い部分が通過するときは、現像剤の嵩は排出開口部よりも低いため、現像剤は排出されることなく、前記の所定の嵩の高さよりも低い現像剤が循環開口部に到達する。
この現像装置では、部分的に現像剤の嵩が変動すると、装置内の現像剤量が増加しなくても嵩が増加した分の現像剤はすべて排出されてしまう。このため、嵩が高くなった部分の現像剤が循環開口部に到達するタイミングでは適正量の現像剤が循環搬送路に向かい、嵩が低くなった部分の現像剤が循環開口部に到達するタイミングでは循環搬送路に向かう現像剤量が不足する。そして全体としては循環搬送路に向かう現像剤量が不足した状態となり、現像装置内の現像剤量が減少する。
このような現像装置では、現像装置内の現像剤が適正な量の状態や、適正な量を下回る状態であっても、排出開口部を設けた位置での現像剤の嵩が排出開口部を設けた高さに到達していると現像剤は排出されてしまう。そして、現像剤が適正な量以下の状態であるにもかかわらず現像剤排出口から現像剤が排出され続けると、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を下回り、潜像担持体への現像剤の供給が不安定になるおそれがある。潜像担持体への現像剤の供給が不安定になると、画像抜けなどの異常画像が発生するおそれがある。
このような問題は、二成分現像剤を用いた現像装置に限るものではなく、現像剤補給手段によって現像剤の補給が成され、現像装置内の現像剤の増加量分を現像剤排出手段によって排出する構成を備えた現像装置であれば一成分現像剤を用いる現像装置であっても生じ得る問題である。
However, even if the amount of developer in the developing device does not change, the volume of the developer in the supply conveyance path may change temporarily. For example, when the developing device is stopped for a while, the developer in the developing device is tightened, and when the developer is driven with the developer tightened, the developer conveyed in the supply conveyance path May cause a phenomenon in which the bulk of the developer partially increases. That is, the developer in the supply conveyance path has a part with a high bulk and a part with a low bulk in the conveyance direction.
In the developing device of Patent Document 2, when a bulky portion passes through the portion where the discharge opening is provided, the developer that has reached the height of the discharge opening is discharged, and a predetermined bulk having passed through this portion is discharged. Only the developer having the height reaches the circulation opening. On the other hand, when a portion having a low volume passes through the location where the discharge opening is provided, the developer is lower in volume than the discharge opening, so that the developer is not discharged and the above-mentioned predetermined bulk height is exceeded. Lower developer reaches the circulation opening.
In this developing device, if the volume of the developer partially fluctuates, even if the amount of developer in the apparatus does not increase, all the developer corresponding to the increased volume is discharged. For this reason, at the timing when the bulky developer reaches the circulation opening, an appropriate amount of the developer goes to the circulation conveyance path, and when the bulkiness of the developer reaches the circulation opening. In such a case, the amount of developer toward the circulation conveyance path is insufficient. As a whole, the amount of developer toward the circulation conveyance path becomes insufficient, and the amount of developer in the developing device decreases.
In such a developing device, even when the developer in the developing device is in an appropriate amount or less than the appropriate amount, the bulk of the developer at the position where the discharge opening is provided can When the height reached is reached, the developer is discharged. If the developer continues to be discharged from the developer discharge port even though the developer is in an appropriate amount or less, the amount of developer in the developing device falls below the required amount, and development to the latent image carrier is performed. The supply of the agent may become unstable. If the supply of the developer to the latent image carrier becomes unstable, abnormal images such as missing images may occur.
Such a problem is not limited to the developing device using the two-component developer, but the developer is replenished by the developer replenishing means, and the amount of the developer in the developing device is increased by the developer discharging means. This is a problem that may occur even in a developing device that uses a one-component developer as long as the developing device has a configuration for discharging.

本発明は、以上の問題に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、潜像担持体に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる現像装置、並びにこの現像装置を備えた画像形成装置、およびプロセスカートリッジを提供することである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a developing device capable of stably supplying a developer to a latent image carrier, and image formation provided with the developing device. An apparatus and a process cartridge are provided.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明は、現像剤を表面上に担持して回転し、潜像担持体と対向する箇所で該潜像担持体の表面の潜像にトナーを供給して現像する現像剤担持体と、該現像剤担持体に現像剤を供給しながら該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って現像剤を搬送する供給搬送路と、該供給搬送路内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する供給搬送部材と、該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤を該供給搬送路の搬送方向上流端に搬送する循環搬送路と、該循環搬送路内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する循環搬送部材とを有し、通過した現像剤が該循環搬送路に受け渡される循環開口部を該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に備え、通過した現像剤が現像装置の外に排出される排出開口部を該供給搬送路に備える現像装置において、該供給搬送路は、該循環搬送路の上方に位置し、該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達し、該循環開口部に入らなかった現像剤を該循環開口部の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段を備え、該排出開口部は、該循環開口部よりも上方で、且つ、該現像剤滞留手段によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち該排出開口部の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されており、上記供給搬送部材は回転軸とらせん状の羽部とからなり、回転軸を中心に回転することにより現像剤に搬送力を付与する供給スクリュであり、上記現像剤滞留手段は、該供給搬送路の現像剤搬送方向最下流端で該供給スクリュとは逆方向の搬送力を発生させる逆搬送部材であり、上記排出開口部はその最下部が該供給スクリュの羽部の最上部よりも高い位置となり、該排出開口部の該供給スクリュの搬送方向についての位置が、該逆搬送部材を設けた位置よりも上流側でああり、上記排出開口部を設けた位置近傍の上記供給搬送路は、当該位置近傍に対して現像剤搬送方向上流側の該供給搬送路よりも狭くなっていることを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項2の発明は、請求項1の現像装置において、上記排出開口部と上記循環開口部とは上記供給搬送路の現像剤搬送方向についての位置の少なくとも一部が重複することを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項3の発明は、請求項1または2の現像装置において、上記供給搬送路の搬送方向下流側で仕切り壁を挟んで該供給搬送路と隣り合うよう配置され、該供給搬送路から上記排出開口部を通過した現像剤を現像装置外に搬送する排出搬送路を備え、該排出開口部は該供給搬送路と該排出搬送路を連通するように該仕切り壁に設けられていることを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項4の発明は、請求項1、2または3の現像装置において、上記循環搬送路は供給循環仕切り壁を挟んで上記供給搬送路の下方で隣り合うように配置され、上記循環開口部は該供給搬送路と該循環搬送路とを連通するように該供給循環仕切り壁に設けられていることを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項5の発明は、請求項1、2、3または4の現像装置において、上記潜像担持体と対向する箇所を通過後の上記現像剤担持体の表面上から離脱した現像剤を回収して該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、上記供給スクリュと同方向に搬送する回収搬送部材を備えた回収搬送路を有し、該回収搬送部材は回転軸とらせん状の羽部とからなり、回転軸を中心に回転することにより現像剤に搬送力を付与する回収スクリュであり、上記循環搬送路は、該供給搬送路の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤と、該回収搬送路の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤との供給を受け、該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、該供給スクリュとは逆方向に現像剤を搬送して該供給搬送路の搬送方向上流端に供給することを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項6の発明は、少なくとも潜像担持体と、該潜像担持体表面を帯電させるための帯電手段と、該潜像担持体上に静電潜像を形成するための潜像形成手段と、該静電潜像を現像してトナー像化するための現像手段とを有する画像形成装置において、該現像手段として、請求項1、2、3、4または5に記載の現像装置を用いることを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項7の発明は、潜像を担持する潜像担持体と、該潜像担持体上の潜像を現像する現像手段とを備える画像形成装置における少なくとも該潜像担持体と該現像手段とを1つのユニットとして共通の保持体に保持させて画像形成装置本体に対して着脱可能にしたプロセスカートリッジにおいて、上記現像手段として、請求項1、2、3、4または5の何れかに記載の現像装置を用いたことを特徴とするものである。
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the developer is carried on the surface and rotated, and the toner is supplied to the latent image on the surface of the latent image carrier at a position facing the latent image carrier. A developer carrying body to be developed, a supply carrying path for carrying the developer along the axial direction of the developer carrying body while supplying the developer to the developer carrying body, and development in the supply carrying path A supply conveyance member that applies conveyance force to the agent, a circulation conveyance path that conveys the developer that has reached the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path, to the upstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path, and the circulation conveyance path A circulating and conveying member that imparts a conveying force to the developer inside, and a circulating opening through which the passed developer is transferred to the circulating and conveying path is provided near the downstream end in the conveying direction of the supply and conveying path, A developing device provided with a discharge opening portion through which the developer that has passed is discharged out of the developing device. In this case, the supply conveyance path is positioned above the circulation conveyance path, reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path, and removes the developer that has not entered the circulation opening in the vicinity of the circulation opening. A developer retaining means for retaining the developer, wherein the discharge opening is located above the circulation opening and the developer that has reached the position of the discharge opening among the retained developer retained by the developer retaining means; The supply and transport member is a supply screw that includes a rotation shaft and a spiral wing, and applies a transport force to the developer by rotating about the rotation shaft. The developer retaining means is a reverse conveying member that generates a conveying force in a direction opposite to the supply screw at the most downstream end in the developer conveying direction of the supply conveying path, and the lower end of the discharge opening is the supply screw. Higher than the top of the wings Becomes, the position of the conveyance direction of the supply screw of the outlet opening, there der upstream side of a position in which a inverse conveying member, the supply conveying path near the position provided with the discharge opening, those characterized that you have narrower than the supply conveyance path the developer conveying direction upstream side relative to the position near.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the developing device according to the first aspect, at least a part of the position of the supply conveyance path in the developer conveyance direction overlaps the discharge opening and the circulation opening. It is what.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the developing device of the first or second aspect, the supply conveyance path is disposed adjacent to the supply conveyance path with a partition wall sandwiched downstream in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path. A discharge conveyance path for conveying the developer that has passed through the discharge opening to the outside of the developing device, and the discharge opening is provided in the partition wall so as to communicate the supply conveyance path and the discharge conveyance path; It is characterized by.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the developing device according to the first, second, or third aspect, the circulation conveyance path is disposed adjacent to and below the supply conveyance path across the supply circulation partition wall, and the circulation opening The portion is provided on the supply circulation partition wall so as to communicate the supply conveyance path and the circulation conveyance path.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the developing device of the first, second, third, or fourth aspect, the developer detached from the surface of the developer carrying member after passing through a portion facing the latent image carrying member. A recovery transport path having a recovery transport member that recovers and transports along the axial direction of the developer carrier and in the same direction as the supply screw is provided, and the recovery transport member has a spiral shape with respect to the rotating shaft. A recovery screw that includes a wing portion and applies a conveying force to the developer by rotating about a rotation axis, and the circulation conveyance path is a developer conveyed to the most downstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path The developer and the developer transported to the most downstream side in the transport direction of the recovery transport path are received, and the developer is along the axial direction of the developer carrier and in the direction opposite to the supply screw. Is supplied to the upstream end of the supply conveyance path in the conveyance direction. It is an.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided at least a latent image carrier, a charging unit for charging the surface of the latent image carrier, and formation of a latent image for forming an electrostatic latent image on the latent image carrier. 6. An image forming apparatus comprising: a developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image into a toner image; and the developing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 as the developing device. It is characterized by using.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, at least the latent image carrier and the development in an image forming apparatus comprising a latent image carrier that carries a latent image and a developing unit that develops the latent image on the latent image carrier. 6. The process cartridge according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, wherein the developing means is a detachable from the image forming apparatus main body held by a common holding body as a unit. The developing device described above is used.

上記請求項1乃至の発明においては、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を下回ることを防止することができる。これは以下の理由による。
滞留現像剤の量は、供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量と循環開口部を通過する現像剤量とのバランスによって増減する。現像装置を駆動している状態では循環に要する量の現像剤が常に循環開口部を介して供給搬送路から循環搬送路へ受け渡されている。そして、循環開口部を介して供給搬送路から循環搬送路に受け渡される現像剤量よりも供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量の方が多い状態では滞留現像剤の量は増加し、逆の状態では滞留現像剤の量は減少する。また、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では循環に要する現像剤の必要量は循環開口部を介して常に循環搬送路に受け渡される状態であるため、循環搬送路に向かう現像剤量が不足することはない。すなわち、滞留現像剤が存在している状態は、循環搬送路に必要量の現像剤が向かうことで循環搬送路から供給搬送路へも必要量の現像剤が供給されるため、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を維持している状態である。
また、現像装置の外に排出される現像剤は滞留現像剤のうち排出開口部の位置に達した現像剤であるので、滞留現像剤が排出開口部の位置に達しない程度の量になると、現像装置の外に現像剤が排出されなくなる。このとき、現像装置の外に現像剤が排出されない状態で滞留現像剤が存在しているため、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を維持した状態となる。
そして、この現像装置であれば、現像装置内の現像剤量が増加していない状態で、供給搬送路内を搬送される現像剤が波打ち、部分的に現像剤の嵩が高くなる現象が生じても、現像剤が排出されつづけることを防止することができる。詳しくは、滞留現像剤が少量でも増加すると排出開口部の位置に達する状態で、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分が供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達すると、循環開口部を通過する現像剤量を超過した分の現像剤は排出開口部から排出される。しかし、現像剤の嵩が低くなった部分が供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達したときに滞留現像剤の量が減少し、滞留現像剤が排出開口部の位置に達しない程度の量なる。その後、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分や低くなった部分が供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達しても、滞留現像剤の量が増減するだけで、現像剤が排出されなくなる。また、滞留現像剤が少量でも増加すると排出開口部の位置に達する状態でなければ、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分や低くなった部分が供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達しても、滞留現像剤の量が増減するだけで、現像剤は排出されない。このように、現像剤が排出されつづけることを防止することができるので、現像装置内の現像剤量が増加していない状態で、供給搬送路内を搬送される現像剤が波打ち、部分的に現像剤の嵩が高くなる現象が生じても、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を維持することができる。
In the first to seventh aspects of the invention, it is possible to prevent the amount of developer in the developing device from falling below the required amount. This is due to the following reason.
The amount of staying developer increases or decreases depending on the balance between the amount of developer that reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path and the amount of developer that passes through the circulation opening. In a state where the developing device is driven, an amount of developer required for circulation is always transferred from the supply conveyance path to the circulation conveyance path via the circulation opening. In the state where the amount of developer reaching the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path is larger than the amount of developer delivered from the supply conveyance path to the circulation conveyance path via the circulation opening, the amount of staying developer Increases, and in the opposite state, the amount of staying developer decreases. In addition, when the staying developer is present, the required amount of developer required for circulation is always transferred to the circulation conveyance path through the circulation opening, so that the amount of developer toward the circulation conveyance path is insufficient. Never do. That is, in the state where the staying developer exists, the necessary amount of developer is supplied from the circulation conveyance path to the supply conveyance path as the developer flows toward the circulation conveyance path. This is a state in which the developer amount maintains the necessary amount.
Further, since the developer discharged out of the developing device is the developer that has reached the position of the discharge opening of the staying developer, when the amount of the stay developer does not reach the position of the discharge opening, The developer is not discharged out of the developing device. At this time, since the staying developer exists in a state where the developer is not discharged out of the developing device, the amount of the developer in the developing device is maintained at a necessary amount.
With this developing device, there is a phenomenon in which the developer conveyed in the supply conveyance path undulates and the bulk of the developer partially increases while the amount of developer in the developing device has not increased. However, it is possible to prevent the developer from being continuously discharged. Specifically, when the amount of staying developer increases even in a small amount, it reaches the position of the discharge opening, and when the part where the bulk of the developer reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path, it passes through the circulation opening. The developer in excess of the developer amount is discharged from the discharge opening. However, the amount of staying developer decreases when the part where the bulk of the developer is low reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path, so that the staying developer does not reach the position of the discharge opening. Become. Thereafter, even if the part where the bulk of the developer has increased or decreased reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path, the developer is not discharged only by increasing or decreasing the amount of the staying developer. In addition, if the amount of staying developer increases even if the amount is small, unless the developer reaches the position of the discharge opening, the part where the bulk of the developer is increased or decreased reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path. However, the amount of staying developer only increases or decreases, and the developer is not discharged. In this way, it is possible to prevent the developer from being continuously discharged, so that the developer transported in the supply transport path undulates partially while the amount of developer in the developing device has not increased. Even if the phenomenon that the bulk of the developer increases occurs, the required amount of developer in the developing device can be maintained.

請求項1乃至の発明によれば、現像装置内の現像剤量が必要量を維持することができるため、現像剤担持体から潜像担持体に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができるという優れた効果がある。 According to the first to seventh aspects of the invention, since the required amount of developer in the developing device can be maintained, a stable developer can be supplied from the developer carrier to the latent image carrier. There is an excellent effect.

以下、本発明を適用した画像形成装置として、複数の感光体が並行配設されたタンデム型のカラーレーザー複写機(以下、単に「複写機500」という)の一実施形態について説明する。
図1は、本実施形態に係る複写機500の概略構成図である。複写機500はプリンタ部100、これを載せる給紙装置200、プリンタ部100の上に固定されたスキャナ300などを備えている。また、このスキャナ300の上に固定された原稿自動搬送装置400なども備えている。
Hereinafter, as an image forming apparatus to which the present invention is applied, an embodiment of a tandem type color laser copier (hereinafter simply referred to as “copier 500”) in which a plurality of photoconductors are arranged in parallel will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a copying machine 500 according to the present embodiment. The copier 500 includes a printer unit 100, a paper feeding device 200 on which the printer unit 100 is placed, a scanner 300 fixed on the printer unit 100, and the like. An automatic document feeder 400 fixed on the scanner 300 is also provided.

プリンタ部100は、イエロー(Y)、マゼンダ(M)、シアン(C)、黒(K)の各色の画像を形成するための4組のプロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,Kからなる画像形成ユニット20を備えている。各符号の数字の後に付されたY,M,C,Kは、イエロー、シアン、マゼンダ、ブラック用の部材であることを示している(以下同様)。プロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,Kの他には、光書込ユニット21、中間転写ユニット17、二次転写装置22、レジストローラ対49、ベルト定着方式の定着装置25などが配設されている。   The printer unit 100 includes an image forming unit including four sets of process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, and 18K for forming images of each color of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C), and black (K). 20 is provided. Y, M, C, and K attached to the numbers of the respective symbols indicate members for yellow, cyan, magenta, and black (the same applies hereinafter). In addition to the process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, and 18K, an optical writing unit 21, an intermediate transfer unit 17, a secondary transfer device 22, a resist roller pair 49, a belt fixing type fixing device 25, and the like are disposed. .

光書込ユニット21は、図示しない光源、ポリゴンミラー、f−θレンズ、反射ミラーなどを有し、画像データに基づいて後述の感光体の表面にレーザ光を照射する。
プロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,Kは、ドラム状の感光体1、帯電器、現像装置4、ドラムクリーニング装置、除電器などを有している。
The optical writing unit 21 includes a light source (not shown), a polygon mirror, an f-θ lens, a reflection mirror, and the like, and irradiates the surface of a photoconductor described later with laser light based on image data.
The process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, and 18K include a drum-shaped photosensitive member 1, a charger, a developing device 4, a drum cleaning device, a static eliminator, and the like.

以下、イエロー用のプロセスカートリッジ18について説明する。
帯電手段たる帯電器によって、感光体1Yの表面は一様帯電される。帯電処理が施された感光体1Yの表面には、光書込ユニット21によって変調及び偏向されたレーザ光が照射される。すると、照射部(露光部)の電位が減衰する。この減衰により、感光体1Y表面にY用の静電潜像が形成される。形成されたY用の静電潜像は現像手段たる現像装置4Yによって現像されてYトナー像となる。
Y用の感光体1Y上に形成されたYトナー像は、後述の中間転写ベルト110に一次転写される。一次転写後の感光体1Yの表面は、ドラムクリーニング装置によって転写残トナーがクリーニングされる。
Y用のプロセスカートリッジ18Yにおいて、ドラムクリーニング装置によってクリーニングされた感光体1Yは、除電器によって除電される。そして、帯電器によって一様帯電せしめられて、初期状態に戻る。以上のような一連のプロセスは、他のプロセスカートリッジ18M,C,Kについても同様である。
Hereinafter, the yellow process cartridge 18 will be described.
The surface of the photoreceptor 1Y is uniformly charged by a charger as charging means. The surface of the photoreceptor 1 </ b> Y that has been subjected to charging processing is irradiated with laser light that has been modulated and deflected by the optical writing unit 21. Then, the potential of the irradiation part (exposure part) is attenuated. By this attenuation, an electrostatic latent image for Y is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor 1Y. The formed electrostatic latent image for Y is developed by the developing device 4Y as developing means to become a Y toner image.
The Y toner image formed on the Y photoconductor 1Y is primarily transferred to an intermediate transfer belt 110 described later. The surface of the photoreceptor 1Y after the primary transfer is cleaned of the transfer residual toner by a drum cleaning device.
In the Y process cartridge 18Y, the photoconductor 1Y cleaned by the drum cleaning device is discharged by the charge eliminator. Then, it is uniformly charged by the charger and returns to the initial state. The series of processes as described above is the same for the other process cartridges 18M, 18C, and 18K.

次に、中間転写ユニットについて説明する。
中間転写ユニット17は、中間転写ベルト110やベルトクリーニング装置90などを有している。また、張架ローラ14、駆動ローラ15、二次転写バックアップローラ16、4つの一次転写バイアスローラ62Y,M,C,Kなども有している。
中間転写ベルト110は、張架ローラ14を含む複数のローラによってテンション張架されている。そして、図示しないベルト駆動モータによって駆動される駆動ローラ15の回転によって図中時計回りに無端移動せしめられる。
4つの一次転写バイアスローラ62Y,M,C,Kは、それぞれ中間転写ベルト110の内周面側に接触するように配設され、図示しない電源から一次転写バイアスの印加を受ける。また、中間転写ベルト110をその内周面側から感光体1Y,M,C,Kに向けて押圧してそれぞれ一次転写ニップを形成する。各一次転写ニップには、一次転写バイアスの影響により、感光体1と一次転写バイアスローラ62との間に一次転写電界が形成される。
Y用の感光体1Y上に形成された上述のYトナー像は、この一次転写電界やニップ圧の影響によって中間転写ベルト110上に一次転写される。このYトナー像の上には、M,C,K用の感光体1M,C,K上に形成されたM,C,Kトナー像が順次重ね合わせて一次転写される。この重ね合わせの一次転写により、中間転写ベルト110上には多重トナー像たる4色重ね合わせトナー像(以下、4色トナー像という)が形成される。
中間転写ベルト110上に重ね合わせ転写された4色トナー像は、後述の二次転写ニップで図示しない記録体たる転写紙に二次転写される。二次転写ニップ通過後の中間転写ベルト110の表面に残留する転写残トナーは、図中左側の駆動ローラ15との間にベルトを挟み込むベルトクリーニング装置90によってクリーニングされる。
Next, the intermediate transfer unit will be described.
The intermediate transfer unit 17 includes an intermediate transfer belt 110, a belt cleaning device 90, and the like. Further, it also includes a tension roller 14, a driving roller 15, a secondary transfer backup roller 16, four primary transfer bias rollers 62Y, M, C, and K.
The intermediate transfer belt 110 is tensioned by a plurality of rollers including the tension roller 14. Then, it is endlessly moved clockwise in the drawing by the rotation of the driving roller 15 driven by a belt driving motor (not shown).
The four primary transfer bias rollers 62Y, 62M, 62C, and 62K are disposed so as to be in contact with the inner peripheral surface side of the intermediate transfer belt 110, respectively, and receive primary transfer bias from a power source (not shown). Further, the intermediate transfer belt 110 is pressed toward the photoreceptors 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K from the inner peripheral surface side to form primary transfer nips. In each primary transfer nip, a primary transfer electric field is formed between the photoreceptor 1 and the primary transfer bias roller 62 due to the influence of the primary transfer bias.
The above-described Y toner image formed on the Y photoconductor 1Y is primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 110 due to the influence of the primary transfer electric field and nip pressure. On the Y toner image, the M, C, K toner images formed on the M, C, K photoconductors 1M, C, K are sequentially superposed and primarily transferred. By this primary transfer of superposition, a four-color superposed toner image (hereinafter referred to as a four-color toner image) that is a multiple toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 110.
The four-color toner image superimposed and transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 110 is secondarily transferred onto a transfer sheet (not shown) as a recording medium at a secondary transfer nip described later. Transfer residual toner remaining on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 110 after passing through the secondary transfer nip is cleaned by a belt cleaning device 90 that sandwiches the belt with the driving roller 15 on the left side in the drawing.

次に、二次転写装置22について説明する。
中間転写ユニット17の図中下方には、2本の張架ローラ23によって紙搬送ベルト24を張架している二次転写装置22が配設されている。紙搬送ベルト24は、少なくとも何れか一方の張架ローラ23の回転駆動に伴って、図中反時計回りに無端移動せしめられる。2本の張架ローラ23のうち、図中右側に配設された一方のローラは、中間転写ユニット17の二次転写バックアップローラ16との間に、中間転写ベルト110及び紙搬送ベルト24を挟み込んでいる。この挟み込みにより、中間転写ユニット17の中間転写ベルト110と、二次転写装置22の紙搬送ベルト24とが接触する二次転写ニップが形成されている。そして、この一方の張架ローラ23には、トナーと逆極性の二次転写バイアスが図示しない電源によって印加される。この二次転写バイアスの印加により、二次転写ニップには中間転写ユニット17の中間転写ベルト110上の4色トナー像をベルト側からこの一方の張架ローラ23側に向けて静電移動させる二次転写電界が形成される。後述のレジストローラ対49によって中間転写ベルト110上の4色トナー像に同期するように二次転写ニップに送り込まれた転写紙には、この二次転写電界やニップ圧の影響を受けた4色トナー像が二次転写せしめられる。なお、このように一方の張架ローラ23に二次転写バイアスを印加する二次転写方式に代えて、転写紙を非接触でチャージさせるチャージャを設けてもよい。
Next, the secondary transfer device 22 will be described.
Below the intermediate transfer unit 17 in the figure, a secondary transfer device 22 is disposed in which a paper conveying belt 24 is stretched by two stretching rollers 23. The paper transport belt 24 is moved endlessly in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing in accordance with the rotational drive of at least one of the stretching rollers 23. One of the two stretching rollers 23 arranged on the right side in the drawing sandwiches the intermediate transfer belt 110 and the paper transport belt 24 between the secondary transfer backup roller 16 of the intermediate transfer unit 17. It is out. By this sandwiching, a secondary transfer nip is formed in which the intermediate transfer belt 110 of the intermediate transfer unit 17 and the paper transport belt 24 of the secondary transfer device 22 are in contact with each other. A secondary transfer bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the one stretching roller 23 by a power source (not shown). By applying this secondary transfer bias, the four-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 110 of the intermediate transfer unit 17 is electrostatically moved from the belt side toward the one stretching roller 23 side in the secondary transfer nip. A next transfer electric field is formed. The transfer paper fed into the secondary transfer nip so as to synchronize with the four-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 110 by a registration roller pair 49 to be described later has four colors affected by the secondary transfer electric field and nip pressure. The toner image is secondarily transferred. Instead of the secondary transfer method in which the secondary transfer bias is applied to one of the stretching rollers 23 as described above, a charger for charging the transfer paper in a non-contact manner may be provided.

複写機500本体の下部に設けられた給紙装置200には、内部に複数の転写紙を紙束の状態で複数枚重ねて収容可能な給紙カセット44が、鉛直方向に複数重なるように配設されている。それぞれの給紙カセット44は、紙束の一番上の転写紙に給紙ローラ42を押し当てている。そして、給紙ローラ42を回転させることにより、一番上の転写紙を給紙路46に向けて送り出される。   In the paper feeding device 200 provided at the lower part of the copying machine 500 main body, a plurality of paper feeding cassettes 44 in which a plurality of transfer sheets can be stacked and stored in a bundle of sheets are arranged so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction. It is installed. Each paper feed cassette 44 presses the paper feed roller 42 against the uppermost transfer paper in the paper bundle. Then, by rotating the paper feed roller 42, the uppermost transfer paper is sent out toward the paper feed path 46.

給紙カセット44から送り出された転写紙を受け入れる給紙路46は、複数の搬送ローラ対47と、給紙路46内の末端付近に設けられたレジストローラ対49とを有している。そして、転写紙をレジストローラ対49に向けて搬送する。レジストローラ対49に向けて搬送された転写紙は、レジストローラ対49のローラ間に挟まれる。一方、中間転写ユニット17において、中間転写ベルト110上に形成された4色トナー像は、ベルトの無端移動に伴って二次転写ニップに進入する。レジストローラ対49は、ローラ間に挟み込んだ転写紙を二次転写ニップにて4色トナー像に密着させ得るタイミングで送り出す。これにより、二次転写ニップでは、中間転写ベルト110上の4色トナー像が転写紙に密着する。そして、転写紙上に二次転写されて、白色の転写紙上でフルカラー画像となる。このようにしてフルカラー画像が形成された転写紙は、紙搬送ベルト24の無端移動に伴って二次転写ニップを出た後、紙搬送ベルト24上から定着装置25に送られる。   The paper feed path 46 that receives the transfer paper delivered from the paper feed cassette 44 includes a plurality of transport roller pairs 47 and a registration roller pair 49 provided near the end in the paper feed path 46. Then, the transfer paper is conveyed toward the registration roller pair 49. The transfer sheet conveyed toward the registration roller pair 49 is sandwiched between the rollers of the registration roller pair 49. On the other hand, in the intermediate transfer unit 17, the four-color toner image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 110 enters the secondary transfer nip as the belt moves endlessly. The registration roller pair 49 sends out the transfer paper sandwiched between the rollers at a timing at which the transfer paper can be brought into close contact with the four-color toner image at the secondary transfer nip. Thereby, in the secondary transfer nip, the four-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 110 is in close contact with the transfer paper. Then, it is secondarily transferred onto the transfer paper and becomes a full color image on the white transfer paper. The transfer paper on which the full-color image is formed in this manner exits the secondary transfer nip as the paper transport belt 24 moves endlessly, and then is sent from the paper transport belt 24 to the fixing device 25.

定着装置25は、定着ベルト26を2本のローラによって張架しながら無端移動せしめるベルトユニットと、このベルトユニットの一方のローラに向けて押圧される加圧ローラ27とを備えている。これら定着ベルト26と加圧ローラ27とは互いに当接して定着ニップを形成しており、紙搬送ベルト24から受け取った転写紙をここに挟み込む。ベルトユニットにおいける2本のローラのうち、加圧ローラ27から押圧される方のローラは、内部に図示しない熱源を有しており、これの発熱によって定着ベルト26を加熱する。加熱された定着ベルト26は、定着ニップに挟み込まれた転写紙を加熱する。この加熱やニップ圧の影響により、フルカラー画像が転写紙に定着せしめられる。   The fixing device 25 includes a belt unit that moves the fixing belt 26 endlessly while being stretched by two rollers, and a pressure roller 27 that is pressed toward one roller of the belt unit. The fixing belt 26 and the pressure roller 27 are in contact with each other to form a fixing nip, and the transfer paper received from the paper transport belt 24 is sandwiched therebetween. Of the two rollers in the belt unit, the roller pressed from the pressure roller 27 has a heat source (not shown) inside, and heats the fixing belt 26 by the heat generated by the heat source. The heated fixing belt 26 heats the transfer paper sandwiched in the fixing nip. The full color image is fixed on the transfer paper by the influence of the heating and the nip pressure.

定着装置25内で定着処理が施された転写紙は、プリンタ筐体の図中左側板の外側に設けたスタック部57上にスタックされるか、もう一方の面にもトナー像を形成するために上述の二次転写ニップに戻されるかする。   The transfer paper subjected to the fixing process in the fixing device 25 is stacked on the stack portion 57 provided outside the left side plate in the drawing of the printer housing, or forms a toner image on the other surface. To the secondary transfer nip described above.

図示しない原稿のコピーがとられる際には、例えばシート原稿の束が原稿自動搬送装置400の原稿台30上セットされる。但し、その原稿が本状に閉じられている片綴じ原稿である場合には、コンタクトガラス32上にセットされる。このセットに先立ち、複写機本体に対して原稿自動搬送装置400が開かれ、スキャナ300のコンタクトガラス32が露出される。この後、閉じられた原稿自動搬送装置400によって片綴じ原稿が押さえられる。   When a document (not shown) is copied, for example, a bundle of sheet documents is set on the document table 30 of the automatic document feeder 400. However, when the original is a single-sided original that is closed in a main form, it is set on the contact glass 32. Prior to this setting, the automatic document feeder 400 is opened with respect to the copying machine main body, and the contact glass 32 of the scanner 300 is exposed. Thereafter, the single-bound original is pressed by the closed automatic document feeder 400.

このようにして原稿がセットされた後、図示しないコピースタートスイッチが押下されると、スキャナ300による原稿読取動作がスタートする。但し、原稿自動搬送装置400にシート原稿がセットされた場合には、この原稿読取動作に先立って、原稿自動搬送装置400がシート原稿をコンタクトガラス32まで自動移動させる。原稿読取動作では、まず、第1走行体33と第2走行体34とがともに走行を開始し、第1走行体33に設けられた光源から光が発射される。そして、原稿面からの反射光が第2走行体34内に設けられたミラーによって反射せしめられ、結像レンズ35を通過した後、読取センサ36に入射される。読取センサ36は、入射光に基づいて画像情報を構築する。   When a copy start switch (not shown) is pressed after the document is set in this way, the document reading operation by the scanner 300 starts. However, when a sheet document is set on the automatic document feeder 400, the automatic document feeder 400 automatically moves the sheet document to the contact glass 32 prior to the document reading operation. In the document reading operation, first, the first traveling body 33 and the second traveling body 34 start traveling together, and light is emitted from a light source provided in the first traveling body 33. Then, the reflected light from the document surface is reflected by a mirror provided in the second traveling body 34, passes through the imaging lens 35, and then enters the reading sensor 36. The reading sensor 36 constructs image information based on the incident light.

このような原稿読取動作と並行して、各プロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,K内の各機器や、中間転写ユニット17、二次転写装置22、定着装置25がそれぞれ駆動を開始する。そして、読取センサ36によって構築された画像情報に基づいて、光書込ユニット21が駆動制御されて、各感光体1Y,M,C,K上に、Y,M,C,Kトナー像が形成される。これらトナー像は、中間転写ベルト110上に重ね合わせ転写された4色トナー像となる。   In parallel with such a document reading operation, each device in each of the process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, 18K, the intermediate transfer unit 17, the secondary transfer device 22, and the fixing device 25 starts driving. Based on the image information constructed by the reading sensor 36, the optical writing unit 21 is driven and controlled, and Y, M, C, and K toner images are formed on the respective photoreceptors 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. Is done. These toner images become four-color toner images superimposed and transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 110.

また、原稿読取動作の開始とほぼ同時に、給紙装置200内では給紙動作が開始される。この給紙動作では、給紙ローラ42の1つが選択回転せしめられ、ペーパーバンク43内に多段に収容される給紙カセット44の1つから転写紙が送り出される。送り出された転写紙は、分離ローラ45で1枚ずつ分離されて反転給紙路46に進入した後、搬送ローラ対47によって二次転写ニップに向けて搬送される。このような給紙カセット44からの給紙に代えて、手差しトレイ51からの給紙が行われる場合もある。この場合、手差し給紙ローラ50が選択回転せしめられて手差しトレイ51上の転写紙を送り出した後、分離ローラ52が転写紙を1枚ずつ分離してプリンタ部100の手差し給紙路53に給紙する。   Further, almost simultaneously with the start of the document reading operation, the paper feeding operation is started in the paper feeding device 200. In this paper feeding operation, one of the paper feeding rollers 42 is selectively rotated, and the transfer paper is sent out from one of the paper feeding cassettes 44 accommodated in the paper bank 43 in multiple stages. The fed transfer sheets are separated one by one by the separation roller 45 and enter the reverse feeding path 46, and then conveyed toward the secondary transfer nip by the conveyance roller pair 47. In some cases, paper feeding from the manual feed tray 51 is performed instead of such paper feeding from the paper feeding cassette 44. In this case, after the manual feed roller 50 is selectively rotated to feed the transfer paper on the manual feed tray 51, the separation roller 52 separates the transfer paper one by one and feeds it to the manual feed path 53 of the printer unit 100. Make paper.

複写機500は、2色以上のトナーからなる他色画像を形成する場合には、中間転写ベルト110をその上部張架面がほぼ水平になる姿勢で張架して、上部張架面に全ての感光体1Y,M,C,Kを接触させる。これに対し、Kトナーのみからなるモノクロ画像を形成する場合には、図示しない機構により、中間転写ベルト110を図中左下に傾けるような姿勢にして、その上部張架面をY,M,C用の感光体1Y,M,Cから離間させる。そして、4つの感光体1Y,M,C,Kのうち、K用の感光体1Kだけを図中反時計回りに回転させて、Kトナー像だけを作像する。この際、Y,M,Cについては、感光体1だけでなく、現像装置4も駆動を停止させて、感光体1や現像装置4の各部材及び現像装置4内の現像剤の不要な消耗を防止する。   When the copier 500 forms an image of another color composed of two or more colors of toner, the intermediate transfer belt 110 is stretched so that the upper stretched surface thereof is substantially horizontal, and all the upper stretched surface is placed on the upper stretched surface. Photoconductors 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are brought into contact with each other. On the other hand, when forming a monochrome image consisting of only K toner, the intermediate transfer belt 110 is tilted to the lower left in the drawing by a mechanism (not shown) and the upper stretched surface is set to Y, M, C. The photoconductors 1Y, 1M, and 1C are separated. Of the four photoconductors 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, only the K photoconductor 1K is rotated counterclockwise in the drawing to form only the K toner image. At this time, for Y, M, and C, not only the photosensitive member 1 but also the developing device 4 is stopped, and each member of the photosensitive member 1 and the developing device 4 and the developer in the developing device 4 are unnecessarily consumed. To prevent.

複写機500は、複写機500内の各機器の制御を司るCPU等から構成される図示しない制御部と、液晶ディスプレイや各種キーボタン等などから構成される図示しない操作表示部とを備えている。操作者は、この操作表示部に対するキー入力操作により、制御部に対して命令を送ることで、転写紙の片面だけに画像を形成するモードである片面プリントモードについて、3つのモードの中から1つを選択することができる。この3つの片面プリントモードとは、ダイレクト排出モードと、反転排出モードと、反転デカール排出モードとからなる。   The copier 500 includes a control unit (not shown) composed of a CPU and the like that controls each device in the copier 500, and an operation display unit (not shown) composed of a liquid crystal display, various key buttons, and the like. . The operator sends a command to the control unit by a key input operation on the operation display unit, so that one of the three modes is selected from the three-sided print mode, which is a mode for forming an image only on one side of the transfer paper. You can choose one. The three single-sided printing modes include a direct discharge mode, a reverse discharge mode, and a reverse decal discharge mode.

図2は、4つプロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,Kのうちの1つが備える現像装置4及び感光体1を示す拡大構成図である。4つのプロセスカートリッジ18Y,M,C,Kは、それぞれ扱うトナーの色が異なる点の他がほぼ同様の構成になっているので、同図では「4」に付すY,M,C,Kという添字を省略している。
図2に示すように感光体1は図中矢印G方向に回転しながら、その表面を不図示の帯電装置により帯電される。帯電された感光体1の表面は不図示の露光装置より照射されたレーザ光により静電潜像を形成された潜像に現像装置4からトナーを供給され、トナー像を形成する。
FIG. 2 is an enlarged configuration diagram illustrating the developing device 4 and the photosensitive member 1 included in one of the four process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, and 18K. The four process cartridges 18Y, 18M, 18C, and 18K have substantially the same configuration except that the colors of the toners to be handled are different from each other. Subscripts are omitted.
As shown in FIG. 2, the surface of the photosensitive member 1 is charged by a charging device (not shown) while rotating in the direction of arrow G in the drawing. The charged surface of the photoreceptor 1 is supplied with toner from the developing device 4 to a latent image on which an electrostatic latent image is formed by laser light emitted from an exposure device (not shown), thereby forming a toner image.

現像装置4は、図中矢印I方向に表面移動しながら感光体1の表面の潜像にトナーを供給し、現像する現像剤担持体としての現像ローラ5を有している。現像ローラ5は回転可能な現像スリーブを備え、その内部に複数の磁極からなる不図示の磁性体が配置されている。磁性体は現像ローラ5の表面上で現像剤を保持するために必要である。
また、現像ローラ5に現像剤を供給しながら現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って図2の奥方向に現像剤を搬送する供給搬送部材としての供給スクリュ8を有している。
現像ローラ5の供給スクリュ8との対向部から表面移動方向下流側には、現像ローラ5に供給された現像剤を現像に適した厚さに規制する現像剤規制手段としてのドクタブレード12を備えている。
現像ローラ5の感光体1との対向部である現像領域から表面移動方向下流側には、現像領域を通過し、現像ローラ5の表面から離脱した現像済みの現像剤を回収する回収搬送路7が現像ローラ5と対向する。回収搬送路7は、回収した回収現像剤を現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って供給スクリュ8と同方向に搬送する回収搬送部材として、軸線方向に平行に配置されたらせん状の回収スクリュ6を備えている。供給スクリュ8を備えた供給搬送路9は現像ローラ5の横方向に、回収スクリュ6を備えた回収搬送路7は現像ローラ5の下方に並設されている。
なお、現像ローラ5からの現像剤の離脱は、先に述べた現像スリーブ内部にある磁性体を、離脱させたい箇所のみ磁極がない状態に設定することにより、現像剤の分離・離脱を可能としている。また、離脱させたい箇所に反発磁界が形成されるような磁極配置の磁性体を用いてもよい。
The developing device 4 has a developing roller 5 as a developer carrying member for supplying toner to the latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor 1 while moving the surface in the direction of arrow I in the drawing. The developing roller 5 includes a rotatable developing sleeve, and a magnetic body (not shown) including a plurality of magnetic poles is disposed therein. The magnetic material is necessary for holding the developer on the surface of the developing roller 5.
Further, a supply screw 8 is provided as a supply conveyance member that conveys the developer in the depth direction of FIG. 2 along the axial direction of the development roller 5 while supplying the development roller 5 with the developer.
A doctor blade 12 as a developer regulating means for regulating the developer supplied to the developing roller 5 to a thickness suitable for development is provided on the downstream side of the surface moving direction from the portion facing the supply screw 8 of the developing roller 5. ing.
A collection conveyance path 7 that collects the developed developer that has passed through the development area and separated from the surface of the development roller 5 downstream from the development area, which is the portion of the development roller 5 facing the photoreceptor 1. Faces the developing roller 5. The collection conveyance path 7 is a collection conveyance member that conveys the collected developer collected in the same direction as the supply screw 8 along the axial direction of the developing roller 5, and a spiral collection screw 6 arranged in parallel to the axial direction. I have. A supply conveyance path 9 provided with the supply screw 8 is arranged in the lateral direction of the developing roller 5, and a collection conveyance path 7 provided with the collection screw 6 is arranged in parallel below the development roller 5.
The developer can be separated from the developing roller 5 by setting the magnetic body in the developing sleeve described above to a state where there is no magnetic pole only at a position where the developer is desired to be separated. Yes. Further, a magnetic body having a magnetic pole arrangement in which a repulsive magnetic field is formed at a location to be separated may be used.

現像装置4は、供給搬送路9の下方で回収搬送路7に並列して、攪拌搬送路10を設けている。攪拌搬送路10は、現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って現像剤を攪拌しながら供給スクリュ8とは逆方向である図中手前側に搬送する攪拌搬送部材として、軸線方向に平行に配置された、らせん状の攪拌スクリュ11を備えている。   The developing device 4 is provided with a stirring conveyance path 10 in parallel with the collection conveyance path 7 below the supply conveyance path 9. The agitating / conveying path 10 is arranged in parallel to the axial direction as an agitating / conveying member that conveys the developer along the axial direction of the developing roller 5 to the front side in the drawing, which is opposite to the supply screw 8 while stirring the developer. A helical stirring screw 11 is provided.

供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とは仕切り壁としての第一仕切り壁133によって仕切られている。第一仕切り壁133の供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とを仕切る箇所は図中手前側と奥側との両端は開口部となっており、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とが連通している。
なお、供給搬送路9と回収搬送路7とも第一仕切り壁133によって仕切られているが、第一仕切り壁133の供給搬送路9と回収搬送路7とを仕切る箇所には開口部を設けていない。
また、攪拌搬送路10と回収搬送路7との2つの搬送路は仕切り部材としての第二仕切り壁134によって仕切られている。第二仕切り壁134は、図中手前側が開口部となっており、攪拌搬送路10と回収搬送路7とが連通している。
現像剤搬送部材である供給スクリュ8、回収スクリュ6及び攪拌スクリュ11は樹脂もしくは金属のスクリュからなっており各スクリュ径は全てφ22[mm]でスクリュピッチは供給スクリュが50[mm]の2条巻き、回収スクリュ6及び攪拌スクリュ11が25[mm]の1条巻き、回転数は全て約600[rpm]に設定している。
The supply conveyance path 9 and the stirring conveyance path 10 are partitioned by a first partition wall 133 as a partition wall. In the first partition wall 133, the supply conveyance path 9 and the agitation conveyance path 10 are partitioned at both ends on the front side and the back side in the drawing, and the supply conveyance path 9 and the agitation conveyance path 10 communicate with each other. doing.
The supply conveyance path 9 and the recovery conveyance path 7 are both partitioned by the first partition wall 133, but an opening is provided at a location where the supply conveyance path 9 and the recovery conveyance path 7 of the first partition wall 133 are partitioned. Absent.
Further, the two conveyance paths of the stirring conveyance path 10 and the collection conveyance path 7 are partitioned by a second partition wall 134 as a partition member. The second partition wall 134 has an opening on the front side in the figure, and the agitation transport path 10 and the collection transport path 7 communicate with each other.
The supply screw 8, the recovery screw 6 and the stirring screw 11, which are developer conveying members, are made of resin or metal screws, and each screw has a diameter of φ22 [mm] and the screw pitch is 50 [mm]. The winding, the recovery screw 6 and the stirring screw 11 are one roll of 25 [mm], and the number of rotations is all set to about 600 [rpm].

現像ローラ5上にステンレスからなるドクタブレード12によって薄層化された現像剤を感光体1との対抗部である現像領域まで搬送し現像を行う。現像ローラ5の表面はV溝あるいはサンドブラスト処理されておりφ25[mm]のAlもしくはSUS素管からなり、ドクタブレード12及び感光体1とのギャップは0.3[mm]程度となっている。
現像後の現像剤は回収搬送路7にて回収を行い、図2中の断面手前側に搬送され、非画像領域部に設けられた第一仕切り壁133の開口部で、攪拌搬送路10へ現像剤が移送される。なお、攪拌搬送路10における現像剤搬送方向上流側の第一仕切り壁133の開口部の付近で攪拌搬送路10の上側に設けられた、後述するトナー補給口95から攪拌搬送路10にトナーが供給される。
The developer thinned by the doctor blade 12 made of stainless steel on the developing roller 5 is transported to a developing area which is a portion facing the photosensitive member 1 for development. The surface of the developing roller 5 is V-grooved or sandblasted, and is made of an Al or SUS element tube of φ25 [mm], and the gap between the doctor blade 12 and the photoreceptor 1 is about 0.3 [mm].
The developer after the development is collected in the collection conveyance path 7, conveyed to the front side of the cross section in FIG. 2, and to the agitation conveyance path 10 through the opening of the first partition wall 133 provided in the non-image area portion. Developer is transferred. The toner is supplied to the stirring and conveying path 10 from a toner replenishing port 95 (described later) provided on the upper side of the stirring and conveying path 10 near the opening of the first partition wall 133 on the upstream side in the developer conveying direction in the stirring and conveying path 10. Supplied.

次に、3つの現像剤搬送路内での現像剤の循環について説明する。
図3は現像剤搬送路内の現像剤の流れを説明する現像装置4の斜視断面図である。図中の各矢印は現像剤の移動方向を示している。
また、図4は、現像装置4内の現像剤の流れの模式図であり、図3と同様、図中の各矢印は現像剤の移動方向を示している。
Next, the circulation of the developer in the three developer conveyance paths will be described.
FIG. 3 is a perspective sectional view of the developing device 4 for explaining the flow of the developer in the developer transport path. Each arrow in the figure indicates the moving direction of the developer.
4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the developer in the developing device 4. Like FIG. 3, each arrow in the drawing indicates the moving direction of the developer.

攪拌搬送路10から現像剤の供給を受けた供給搬送路9では、現像ローラ5に現像剤を供給しながら、供給スクリュ8の搬送方向下流側に現像剤を搬送する。そして、現像ローラ5に供給され現像に用いられず供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端まで搬送された余剰現像剤は第一仕切り壁133の余剰開口部92より攪拌搬送路10に供給される(図4中矢印E)。
一方、現像ローラ5に供給された現像剤は現像領域で現像に用いられた後、現像ローラ5から分離・離脱して、回収搬送路7に受け渡される。現像ローラ5から回収搬送路7に受け渡され、回収スクリュ6によって回収搬送路7の搬送方向下流端まで搬送された回収現像剤は第二仕切り壁134の回収開口部93より攪拌搬送路10に供給される(図4中矢印F)。
そして、攪拌搬送路10は、供給された余剰現像剤と回収現像剤とを攪拌し、攪拌スクリュ11の搬送方向下流側であり、供給スクリュ8の搬送方向上流側に搬送し、第一仕切り壁133の供給開口部91より供給搬送路9に供給される(図4中矢印D)。
攪拌搬送路10では攪拌スクリュ11によって、回収現像剤、余剰現像剤及び移送部で必要に応じて補給されるトナーを、回収搬送路7及び供給搬送路9の現像剤と逆方向に攪拌搬送する。そして、搬送方向下流側で連通している供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側に攪拌された現像剤を移送する。なお、攪拌搬送路10の下方には、不図示のトナー濃度センサが設けられ、センサ出力により不図示のトナー補給制御装置を作動し、不図示のトナー収容部からトナー補給を行っている。
In the supply conveyance path 9 that has been supplied with the developer from the agitation conveyance path 10, the developer is conveyed downstream in the conveyance direction of the supply screw 8 while supplying the developer to the developing roller 5. Then, the excess developer that is supplied to the developing roller 5 and is not used for development and is transported to the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is supplied to the stirring transport path 10 from the surplus opening 92 of the first partition wall 133 ( Arrow E) in FIG.
On the other hand, the developer supplied to the developing roller 5 is used for development in the developing region, and then separated / separated from the developing roller 5 and delivered to the collection conveyance path 7. The collected developer that has been transferred from the developing roller 5 to the collection conveyance path 7 and conveyed to the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the collection conveyance path 7 by the collection screw 6 enters the stirring conveyance path 10 from the collection opening 93 of the second partition wall 134. Supplied (arrow F in FIG. 4).
The agitating and conveying path 10 agitates the supplied surplus developer and the recovered developer, conveys the agitating screw 11 to the downstream side in the conveying direction, and conveys it to the upstream side in the conveying direction of the supplying screw 8. It is supplied to the supply conveyance path 9 from the supply opening 91 of 133 (arrow D in FIG. 4).
In the agitating and conveying path 10, the agitating screw 11 agitates and conveys the collected developer, the surplus developer, and the toner replenished as necessary in the transfer unit in the direction opposite to the developer in the collecting and conveying path 7 and the supply conveying path 9. . Then, the agitated developer is transferred to the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 communicating with the downstream side in the conveyance direction. A toner concentration sensor (not shown) is provided below the agitation transport path 10, and a toner supply control device (not shown) is operated by the sensor output to supply toner from a toner storage portion (not shown).

図4に示す現像装置4では、供給搬送路9と回収搬送路7とを備え、現像剤の供給と回収とを異なる現像剤搬送路で行うので、現像済みの現像剤が供給搬送路9に混入することがない。よって、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流側ほど現像ローラ5に供給される現像剤のトナー濃度が低下することを防止することができる。また、回収搬送路7と攪拌搬送路10とを備え、現像剤の回収と攪拌とを異なる現像剤搬送路で行うので、現像済みの現像剤が攪拌の途中に落ちることがない。よって、十分に攪拌がなされた現像剤が供給搬送路9に供給されるため、供給搬送路9に供給されるの現像剤が攪拌不足となることを防止することができる。このように、供給搬送路9内の現像剤のトナー濃度が低下することを防止し、供給搬送路9内の現像剤が攪拌不足となることを防止することができるので現像時の画像濃度を一定にすることができる。   In the developing device 4 shown in FIG. 4, a supply conveyance path 9 and a collection conveyance path 7 are provided, and developer supply and collection are performed in different developer conveyance paths, so that the developed developer is supplied to the supply conveyance path 9. There is no contamination. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the toner density of the developer supplied to the developing roller 5 from decreasing toward the downstream side of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction. Further, since the recovery conveyance path 7 and the agitation conveyance path 10 are provided and the developer recovery and agitation are performed in different developer conveyance paths, the developed developer does not fall during the agitation. Therefore, since the sufficiently agitated developer is supplied to the supply conveyance path 9, it is possible to prevent the developer supplied to the supply conveyance path 9 from being insufficiently agitated. In this way, the toner density of the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 can be prevented from decreasing, and the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 can be prevented from being insufficiently stirred. Can be constant.

なお、図4に示すように、現像装置4の下部から上部への現像剤の移動は矢印Dのみである。矢印Dで示す現像剤の移動は、攪拌スクリュ11の回転で現像剤を押し込むことにより、現像剤を盛り上がらせて供給搬送路9に現像剤を供給するものである。
このような現像剤の移動は、現像剤に対してストレスを与えることになり、現像剤の寿命低下の一因となる。
このような、現像剤を下方から上方に持ち上げる際に現像剤にストレスがかかり現像剤中のキャリアの膜削れやトナーのスペント化がその個所で発生し、それに伴い画像品質の安定性が保たれなくなってしまう。
よって、矢印Dで示す現像剤の移動における現像剤のストレスを軽減することで現像剤の長寿命化を図ることが出来る。現像剤の長寿命化を図ることにより、現像剤の劣化を防止して常に画像濃度ムラの無い画像品質の安定した現像装置を提供することができる。
As shown in FIG. 4, the developer moves from the lower part to the upper part of the developing device 4 only by the arrow D. The movement of the developer indicated by an arrow D is to push the developer by rotating the stirring screw 11 so that the developer is raised and supplied to the supply conveyance path 9.
Such movement of the developer gives stress to the developer and contributes to a decrease in the life of the developer.
When the developer is lifted from the bottom to the top, stress is applied to the developer, and the carrier film in the developer is scraped off and the toner is spent on the spot. Accordingly, the stability of the image quality is maintained. It will disappear.
Therefore, the life of the developer can be extended by reducing the stress of the developer in the movement of the developer indicated by the arrow D. By prolonging the life of the developer, it is possible to provide a developing device that prevents deterioration of the developer and is always stable in image quality without image density unevenness.

本実施形態の現像装置4では、図2に示すように、供給搬送路9を攪拌搬送路10の斜め上方になるように配置している。斜め上方に配置することにより、供給搬送路9を攪拌搬送路10の垂直上方に設け現像剤を持ち上げるものに比べて、矢印Dで示す現像剤の移動における現像剤のストレスを軽減することができる。
さらに、現像装置4では、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とを斜めに配置することで、図2に示すように、攪拌搬送路10の上部壁面が供給搬送路9の下部壁面よりも高い位置となるように配置している。
供給搬送路9を攪拌搬送路10に対して垂直上方に持ち上げることは、重力に逆らって現像剤を攪拌スクリュ11の圧によって持ち上げるので現像剤にストレスがかかる。一方、攪拌搬送路10の上部壁面が供給搬送路9の下部壁面よりも高い位置となるように配置することで、攪拌搬送路10の最高点に存在する現像剤が供給搬送路9の最下点に重力に逆らわず流れ込むことができるので、現像剤にかかるストレスを低減することができる。
なお、攪拌搬送路10の現像剤搬送路下流側の、攪拌搬送路10と供給搬送路9とが連通している部分の攪拌スクリュ11の軸にフィン部材を設けても良い。このフィン部材は攪拌スクリュ11の軸方向に平行な辺と、攪拌スクリュの軸方向に垂直な辺とから構成される板状の部材である。このフィン部材で現像剤を掻き上げることにより、攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へ、より効率的な現像剤の受渡しを行うことができる。
In the developing device 4 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the supply conveyance path 9 is disposed obliquely above the stirring conveyance path 10. By disposing it obliquely above, it is possible to reduce the developer stress in the movement of the developer indicated by the arrow D, compared to the case where the supply conveyance path 9 is provided vertically above the stirring conveyance path 10 and the developer is lifted. .
Further, in the developing device 4, the supply conveyance path 9 and the agitation conveyance path 10 are arranged obliquely so that the upper wall surface of the agitation conveyance path 10 is higher than the lower wall surface of the supply conveyance path 9 as shown in FIG. 2. It arranges so that it may become a position.
Lifting the supply conveyance path 9 vertically upward with respect to the stirring conveyance path 10 causes the developer to be stressed because the developer is lifted by the pressure of the stirring screw 11 against gravity. On the other hand, the developer present at the highest point of the agitating and conveying path 10 is placed at the bottom of the supplying and conveying path 9 by arranging the upper wall surface of the agitating and conveying path 10 to be higher than the lower wall surface of the supplying and conveying path 9. Since the point can flow without being against gravity, the stress applied to the developer can be reduced.
Note that a fin member may be provided on the shaft of the stirring screw 11 in a portion where the stirring transport path 10 and the supply transport path 9 communicate with each other on the downstream side of the developer transport path of the stirring transport path 10. This fin member is a plate-like member composed of a side parallel to the axial direction of the stirring screw 11 and a side perpendicular to the axial direction of the stirring screw. By scooping up the developer with this fin member, it is possible to more efficiently deliver the developer from the stirring conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9.

また、現像装置4では、現像ローラ5と供給搬送路9との中心間距離Aが、現像ローラ5と攪拌搬送路10との中心間距離Bよりも短くなるように、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とを配置している。これにより供給搬送路9から現像ローラ5に現像剤を無理無く供給することができ、装置の小型化を図ることもできる。
また、攪拌スクリュ11は、図2中の手前側から見て反時計回り方向(図中矢印C方向)に回転しており、現像剤は攪拌スクリュ11の形状に沿って現像剤を持ち上げて供給搬送路9に移送させている。これにより、現像剤を効率良く持ち上げることが可能となり現像剤にかかるストレスもより低減することができる。
Further, in the developing device 4, the distance between the center A between the developing roller 5 and the supply conveyance path 9 is shorter than the distance B between the center between the development roller 5 and the agitation conveyance path 10. A conveyance path 10 is arranged. Thus, the developer can be supplied without difficulty from the supply conveyance path 9 to the developing roller 5, and the apparatus can be reduced in size.
Further, the stirring screw 11 is rotated counterclockwise as viewed from the front side in FIG. 2 (the direction of arrow C in the figure), and the developer is supplied by lifting the developer along the shape of the stirring screw 11. It is transferred to the conveyance path 9. As a result, the developer can be lifted efficiently, and the stress on the developer can be further reduced.

図5は、現像装置4の供給スクリュ8の回転中心における断面を図3中の矢印J方向から見た断面説明図である。図中Hは、現像剤担持体である現像ローラ5が、潜像担持体である感光体1にトナーを供給する現像領域を示している。この現像領域Hの現像ローラ5の回転軸の軸線方向の幅が現像領域幅αである。
図5に示すように、現像装置4は攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9に現像剤を持ち上げる箇所である供給開口部91と、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10に現像剤を落下させる余剰開口部92とがともに現像領域幅α内に設けられている。
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the cross section at the rotation center of the supply screw 8 of the developing device 4 as viewed from the direction of arrow J in FIG. In the figure, H denotes a developing region in which the developing roller 5 that is a developer carrying member supplies toner to the photosensitive member 1 that is a latent image carrying member. The width in the axial direction of the rotation axis of the developing roller 5 in the developing area H is the developing area width α.
As shown in FIG. 5, the developing device 4 has a supply opening 91 that is a part for lifting the developer from the agitation conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9, and a surplus that drops the developer from the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10. Both of the openings 92 are provided in the development region width α.

図6は、図4とは異なる構成の現像装置4内の現像剤の流れの模式図である。
図6に示す現像装置4は、供給開口部91と余剰開口部92とを現像領域幅αの外側に設けている。供給開口部91を現像領域幅αの外側に設けているため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側は現像ローラ5よりも供給搬送路上流側領域β分長くなっている。また、余剰開口部92を現像領域幅αの外側に設けているため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流側は現像ローラ5よりも供給搬送路下流側領域γ分長くなっている。
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the developer flow in the developing device 4 having a configuration different from that in FIG. 4.
The developing device 4 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a supply opening 91 and a surplus opening 92 outside the developing region width α. Since the supply opening 91 is provided outside the developing region width α, the upstream side in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is longer than the developing roller 5 by the upstream region β of the supply transport path. Further, since the surplus opening 92 is provided outside the developing region width α, the downstream side in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is longer than the developing roller 5 by the region γ on the downstream side of the supply transport path.

一方、図4に示す構成の現像装置4では、供給開口部91を現像領域幅α内に設けているため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側は図6の現像装置4よりも供給搬送路上流側領域β分短くすることができる。また、余剰開口部92を現像領域幅α内に設けているため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流側は図6の現像装置4よりも供給搬送路下流側領域γ分短くすることができる。
このように、図4の現像装置4は供給開口部91と余剰開口部92とを現像領域幅α内に設けているため、図6に示す現像装置4に比べて、現像装置4の上部の省スペース化を図ることが出来る。
On the other hand, in the developing device 4 having the configuration shown in FIG. 4, since the supply opening 91 is provided within the developing region width α, the upstream side in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is on the supply transport path than the developing device 4 in FIG. The flow side region β can be shortened. Further, since the surplus opening 92 is provided in the developing area width α, the downstream side in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 can be made shorter by the area γ on the downstream side of the supply transport path than the developing device 4 in FIG.
4 is provided with the supply opening 91 and the surplus opening 92 within the developing region width α, the upper portion of the developing device 4 is higher than that of the developing device 4 shown in FIG. Space saving can be achieved.

次に、現像装置4の供給搬送路9、攪拌搬送路10及び回収搬送路7からなる現像剤搬送路へのトナーを補給する位置について説明する。図7は、現像装置4の外観斜視図である。
図7に示すように、トナーを補給するトナー補給口95を攪拌スクリュ11を備える攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端部の上方に設けている。このトナー補給口95は現像ローラ5の幅方向端部よりも外側に設けてあるので、現像領域幅αよりも外側となっている。
この、トナー補給口95を設けた箇所は供給搬送路9の搬送方向の延長線上であり、図6における供給搬送路下流側領域γの空いたスペースに該当する。余剰開口部92を現像領域幅α内に設けることで空いたスペースにトナー補給口95を設けることにより、現像装置4の小型化を図ることが出来る。
また、トナー補給口95としては、攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端部の上方に限らず、回収搬送路7の下流端部の上方に設けても良い。
さらに、回収搬送路7から攪拌搬送路10へ現像剤の受渡しを行う箇所である回収開口部93の真上にトナー補給口95を設けるようにしても良い。回収開口部93の真上のスペースも余剰開口部92を現像領域幅α内に設けることで空いたスペースであるので、この位置にトナー補給口95を設けることにより、現像装置4の小型化を図ることができる。さらに、受渡し部である回収開口部93では現像剤が混ざりやすいため、この位置で補給を行うことによりより効率よく現像剤の攪拌を行うことができる。
Next, the position at which toner is supplied to the developer conveyance path including the supply conveyance path 9, the agitation conveyance path 10 and the collection conveyance path 7 of the developing device 4 will be described. FIG. 7 is an external perspective view of the developing device 4.
As shown in FIG. 7, a toner replenishing port 95 for replenishing toner is provided above the upstream end of the agitating and conveying path 10 including the agitating screw 11 in the conveying direction. Since the toner replenishing port 95 is provided outside the end portion in the width direction of the developing roller 5, it is outside the developing region width α.
The portion where the toner replenishing port 95 is provided is on an extension line in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 and corresponds to a vacant space in the region γ on the downstream side of the supply conveyance path in FIG. Providing the toner replenishment port 95 in an empty space by providing the surplus opening 92 within the developing region width α makes it possible to reduce the size of the developing device 4.
Further, the toner replenishing port 95 is not limited to the position above the upstream end portion in the transport direction of the stirring transport path 10 and may be provided above the downstream end portion of the collection transport path 7.
Further, a toner replenishing port 95 may be provided directly above the collection opening 93 where the developer is transferred from the collection conveyance path 7 to the stirring conveyance path 10. Since the space directly above the collection opening 93 is also an empty space provided by providing the surplus opening 92 within the developing region width α, the toner replenishing port 95 is provided at this position to reduce the size of the developing device 4. Can be planned. Furthermore, since the developer is likely to be mixed in the collection opening 93 serving as a delivery unit, the developer can be more efficiently stirred by replenishing at this position.

図4を用いて説明した現像装置4のように、攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向下流端から供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端に現像剤を受け渡す供給開口部91と、供給搬送路9の下流端から攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端に現像剤を受け渡す余剰開口部92とを現像領域幅α内に設けているため、従来の現像装置4に比べて、現像装置4の上部の省スペース化を図ることが出来、現像装置4全体の省スペース化を図ることが出来る。
また、余剰開口部92を現像領域幅α内に設けることで空いたスペースにトナー補給口95を設けることにより、現像装置4の小型化を図ることが出来る。
また、回収搬送路7から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の受渡し部である回収開口部93の上方からトナー補給を行うことによりより効率よく現像剤の攪拌を行うことができる。
また、画像形成装置としての複写機のプリンタ部100の現像手段として、現像装置4を備えることにより、装置全体の省スペース化を図ることが出来る。
As in the developing device 4 described with reference to FIG. 4, a supply opening 91 that transfers the developer from the downstream end in the transport direction of the stirring transport path 10 to the upstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9, and the supply transport path 9 Since the surplus opening 92 for transferring the developer from the downstream end to the upstream end in the transport direction of the stirring transport path 10 is provided in the development region width α, the upper portion of the development device 4 is higher than the conventional development device 4. Space can be saved, and the space of the entire developing device 4 can be saved.
Also, by providing the toner replenishment port 95 in the empty space by providing the surplus opening 92 within the development region width α, the development device 4 can be downsized.
Further, the developer can be more efficiently stirred by replenishing the toner from above the recovery opening 93 that is a delivery portion of the developer from the recovery transport path 7 to the stirring transport path 10.
Further, by providing the developing device 4 as the developing means of the printer unit 100 of the copying machine as the image forming apparatus, it is possible to save the space of the entire apparatus.

次に、本実施形態の現像装置4の特徴部について説明する。
現像剤補給手段である不図示のトナー補給制御装置は、不図示のトナー収容部内のトナーをトナー補給口95から現像装置4に補給する。本実施形態の現像装置4では現像装置4のトナー補給口95からトナーとキャリアとを含む現像剤が補給される。以降、現像装置4に補給されるトナーとキャリアとが混合された現像剤をプレミックストナーと称する。
本実施形態の現像装置4では、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達した余剰現像剤を供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端に搬送する循環搬送路は攪拌搬送路10である。また、循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する循環搬送部材は攪拌スクリュ11である。さらに、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に設けられ、通過した現像剤が循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される循環開口部は余剰開口部92である。また、現像装置4は、通過した現像剤が現像装置4の装置外に排出される排出開口部としての現像剤排出口94を供給搬送路9に備える。現像剤排出口94を通過した現像剤は排出搬送路2に受け渡され、排出搬送部材である排出スクリュ2aが回転することによって現像装置4の装置外に搬送され、現像装置4からの排出がなされる。排出搬送路2は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流側で排出仕切り壁135を挟んで供給搬送路9と隣り合うように配置され、現像剤排出口94は供給搬送路9と排出搬送路2とを連通するように排出仕切り壁135に設けられた開口である。
Next, the characteristic part of the developing device 4 of the present embodiment will be described.
A toner replenishment control device (not shown) that is a developer replenishing unit replenishes toner in a toner storage unit (not shown) to the developing device 4 from the toner replenishing port 95. In the developing device 4 of this embodiment, a developer including toner and a carrier is supplied from a toner supply port 95 of the developing device 4. Hereinafter, the developer in which the toner supplied to the developing device 4 and the carrier are mixed is referred to as premix toner.
In the developing device 4 of the present embodiment, the circulation conveyance path that conveys the excess developer that has reached the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 to the upstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 is the agitation conveyance path 10. In addition, the circulating and conveying member that applies a conveying force to the developer in the agitating and conveying path 10 that is a circulating and conveying path is the agitating screw 11. Further, the circulation opening provided near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 and through which the passed developer is transferred to the agitation conveyance path 10 which is a circulation conveyance path is a surplus opening 92. Further, the developing device 4 includes a developer discharge port 94 as a discharge opening through which the developer that has passed is discharged to the outside of the developing device 4. The developer that has passed through the developer discharge port 94 is transferred to the discharge conveyance path 2, and is conveyed to the outside of the developing device 4 by rotating the discharge screw 2 a that is a discharge conveyance member, and is discharged from the developing device 4. Made. The discharge conveyance path 2 is disposed on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 so as to be adjacent to the supply conveyance path 9 with the discharge partition wall 135 interposed therebetween, and the developer discharge port 94 is connected to the supply conveyance path 9 and the discharge conveyance path 2. Are openings provided in the discharge partition wall 135 so as to communicate with each other.

また、現像装置4は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達し、循環開口部である余剰開口部92に入らなかった現像剤を余剰開口部92の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段80を備えている。さらに、排出開口部である現像剤排出口94は、余剰開口部92よりも上方で、且つ、現像剤滞留手段80によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち、現像剤排出口94の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されている。言い換えると、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達した現像剤で、余剰開口部92に入ることができず、余剰開口部92から溢れ出た余剰現像剤が現像剤滞留手段80によって塞き止められ滞留現像剤となる。そして、この滞留現像剤の嵩が増加したときに、余剰開口部92よりも上方に設けられた現像剤排出口94に到達した現像剤が現像剤排出口94を通って現像装置4の装置外に排出される。   Further, the developing device 4 reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9, and retains the developer that has not entered the surplus opening 92 that is the circulation opening near the surplus opening 92. 80. Further, the developer discharge port 94 that is a discharge opening is located above the surplus opening 92 and the developer that has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94 among the retained developer retained by the developer retention means 80. It arrange | positions so that an agent may pass. In other words, the developer that has reached the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 cannot enter the surplus opening 92, and the surplus developer overflowing from the surplus opening 92 is blocked by the developer retaining means 80. Stopped and becomes a stagnant developer. Then, when the bulk of the staying developer increases, the developer that has reached the developer discharge port 94 provided above the surplus opening 92 passes through the developer discharge port 94 to the outside of the developing device 4. To be discharged.

滞留現像剤の量は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量(図4中の矢印L)と余剰開口部92を通過する現像剤量(図4中の矢印E)とのバランスによって増減する。現像装置4を駆動している状態では循環に要する量の現像剤が常に余剰開口部92を介して供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10へ受け渡されている。そして、余剰開口部92を介して供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される現像剤量(図4中の矢印E)よりも供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量(図4中の矢印L)の方が多い状態では滞留現像剤の量は増加し、逆の状態では滞留現像剤の量は減少する。また、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では循環に要する現像剤の必要量は余剰開口部92を介して常に攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される状態であるため、攪拌搬送路10に向かう現像剤量が不足することはない。すなわち、滞留現像剤が存在している状態は、攪拌搬送路10に必要量の現像剤が向かうことで攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へも必要量の現像剤が供給されるため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を維持している状態である。   The amount of staying developer includes the amount of developer that reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 (arrow L in FIG. 4) and the amount of developer that passes through the excess opening 92 (arrow E in FIG. 4). Increase or decrease depending on the balance. In a state where the developing device 4 is driven, an amount of developer required for circulation is always transferred from the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10 through the surplus opening 92. Then, the amount of developer reaching the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path from the amount of developer (arrow E in FIG. 4) delivered from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 through the excess opening 92. In the state where there is more (arrow L in FIG. 4), the amount of staying developer increases, and in the opposite state, the amount of staying developer decreases. Further, in the state where the staying developer is present, the necessary amount of developer required for circulation is always transferred to the agitation transport path 10 through the surplus opening 92, and therefore the developer toward the agitation transport path 10 There is no shortage of quantity. That is, in the state where the staying developer exists, a necessary amount of developer is supplied from the agitating / conveying path 10 to the supply / conveying path 9 when the necessary amount of developer is directed to the agitating / conveying path 10. This is a state where the developer amount in the apparatus 4 maintains the necessary amount.

また、現像装置4の外に排出される現像剤は滞留現像剤のうち現像剤排出口94の位置に達した現像剤であるので、滞留現像剤が現像剤排出口94の位置に達しない程度の量になると、現像装置4の外に現像剤が排出されなくなる。このとき、現像装置4の外に現像剤が排出されない状態で滞留現像剤が存在しているため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を維持した状態となる。
そして、この現像装置4であれば、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加していない状態で、供給搬送路9内を搬送される現像剤が波打ち、部分的に現像剤の嵩が高くなる現象が生じても、現像剤が排出されつづけることを防止することができる。詳しくは、滞留現像剤が少量でも増加すると現像剤排出口94の位置に達する状態で、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分が供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達すると、余剰開口部92を通過する現像剤量を超過した分の現像剤は現像剤排出口94から排出される。しかし、現像剤の嵩が低くなった部分が供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達したときに滞留現像剤の量が減少し、滞留現像剤が現像剤排出口94の位置に達しない程度の量なる。その後、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分や低くなった部分が供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達しても、滞留現像剤の量が増減するだけで、現像剤が排出されなくなる。また、滞留現像剤が少量でも増加すると排出開口部の位置に達する状態でなければ、現像剤の嵩が高くなった部分や低くなった部分が供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達しても、滞留現像剤の量が増減するだけで、現像剤は排出されない。このように、現像剤が排出されつづけることを防止することができるので、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加していない状態で、供給搬送路9内を搬送される現像剤が波打ち、部分的に現像剤の嵩が高くなる現象が生じても、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を維持することができる。このように、現像装置4内の現像剤の必要量を確保することができるので、感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。これにより、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。
Further, since the developer discharged out of the developing device 4 is the developer that has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94 in the staying developer, the staying developer does not reach the position of the developer discharge port 94. When the amount is less than the amount, the developer is not discharged out of the developing device 4. At this time, since the staying developer exists in a state where the developer is not discharged out of the developing device 4, the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is maintained at a necessary amount.
In the developing device 4, the developer conveyed in the supply conveyance path 9 undulates in a state where the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is not increased, and the bulk of the developer partially increases. Even if the phenomenon occurs, it is possible to prevent the developer from being continuously discharged. Specifically, when the amount of the staying developer increases even if the amount is small, when the portion where the volume of the developer reaches a position near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 in the state where the developer reaches the position of the developer discharge port 94, the surplus opening portion The developer exceeding the amount of developer passing through 92 is discharged from the developer discharge port 94. However, the amount of staying developer decreases when the portion where the developer volume is low reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9, and the staying developer does not reach the position of the developer discharge port 94. The amount will be about. Thereafter, even if the part where the bulk of the developer becomes high or the part where the volume becomes low reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9, the developer is not discharged only by increasing or decreasing the amount of the staying developer. . In addition, if the amount of staying developer increases even if the amount is small, unless the state reaches the position of the discharge opening, the part where the developer volume is increased or decreased reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9. However, the amount of staying developer only increases or decreases, and the developer is not discharged. In this way, it is possible to prevent the developer from being continuously discharged, so that the developer transported in the supply transport path 9 undulates in a state where the amount of developer in the developing device 4 has not increased. Even if the phenomenon that the bulk of the developer becomes high occurs, the amount of developer in the developing device 4 can maintain the required amount. As described above, since the necessary amount of developer in the developing device 4 can be ensured, the developer can be stably supplied to the photoreceptor 1. As a result, the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 1 can be favorably converted into a toner image, an abnormal image such as image omission can be prevented, and good image formation can be performed.

なお、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍とは、例えば、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10へと現像剤が受け渡される現像剤受渡し部と供給搬送路9の搬送方向で同位置となる箇所である。言い換えると、供給スクリュ8による搬送力が終了するところであり、現像剤滞留手段80によって現像剤が塞き止められる部分のことである。ここに現像剤排出口94を設けることにより、供給スクリュ8によって搬送された後、現像剤滞留手段80によって受け止められ、最終的に滞留した現像剤のうち現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したものを排出することが可能になる。   The vicinity of the downstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction is, for example, the same position in the conveyance direction of the developer conveyance section 9 and the supply conveyance path 9 where the developer is transferred from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10. It is a place. In other words, it is where the conveying force by the supply screw 8 ends, and is a portion where the developer is blocked by the developer retention means 80. By providing the developer discharge port 94 here, after being transported by the supply screw 8, it is received by the developer retention means 80, and finally reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94 among the retained developer. Can be discharged.

図8は、現像装置4から攪拌スクリュ11、回収スクリュ6、及び、ドクタブレード12を取り外した状態の手前側端部近傍の斜視説明図である。また、図9は、現像装置4について図8の状態からさらに供給スクリュ8を取り外した状態の手前側近傍を図9とは異なる方向から見た斜視説明図である。さらに、図10は、現像装置4について図9の状態からさらに現像ローラ5を取り外した状態の斜視説明図である。また、図11は、現像装置4について図10と同じ状態の現像装置4を図3と略同じ方向から見た場合の斜視説明図である。   FIG. 8 is a perspective explanatory view of the vicinity of the front end portion in a state where the stirring screw 11, the recovery screw 6, and the doctor blade 12 are removed from the developing device 4. FIG. 9 is an explanatory perspective view of the developing device 4 in the vicinity of the near side in a state where the supply screw 8 is further removed from the state of FIG. Further, FIG. 10 is a perspective explanatory view of the developing device 4 with the developing roller 5 further removed from the state of FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective explanatory view of the developing device 4 when the developing device 4 in the same state as FIG. 10 is viewed from substantially the same direction as FIG.

供給スクリュ8の回転方向は、図2でいうところの右回り(矢印Mの方向)であって、現像ローラ5に対して現像剤を下方から持ち上げて供給する方向に回転している。ここで、供給スクリュ8の回転方向を左回りにし、現像剤を上から振り掛けるようにして現像ローラ5に現像剤を供給すると、現像剤が飛び散りながら現像ローラ5に供給される。一方、供給スクリュ8の回転方向を図2に示すように右回りにすると、現像剤がたまっている供給搬送路9の下方から現像剤を持ち上げるようにして現像ローラ5に現像剤が供給されるようになる。現像剤が飛び散りながら供給するよりも、下方から持ち上げるようにして供給するほうが現像剤の供給性が安定するため、現像装置4では供給スクリュ8の回転方向を図2でいうところの右回りに設定している。
特に本実施形態の現像装置4のように現像ローラ5に供給した現像剤を供給搬送路9へ戻さず、回収搬送路7へ回収するものでは、現像剤量は供給搬送路9の下流に行くにしたがって減少していく。このため、現像剤がたまっている下方からくみ上げて現像ローラ5に供給するもののほうが現像剤の供給性の面では優れている。
The rotation direction of the supply screw 8 is clockwise (the direction of the arrow M) as shown in FIG. 2, and is rotated in the direction in which the developer is lifted and supplied from below. Here, when the developer is supplied to the developing roller 5 so that the rotation direction of the supply screw 8 is counterclockwise and the developer is sprinkled from above, the developer is supplied to the developing roller 5 while being scattered. On the other hand, when the rotation direction of the supply screw 8 is clockwise as shown in FIG. 2, the developer is supplied to the developing roller 5 so as to lift the developer from below the supply conveyance path 9 where the developer is accumulated. It becomes like this. The developer supply performance is more stable when the developer is supplied by lifting from the lower side than when the developer is supplied while being scattered. Therefore, in the developing device 4, the rotation direction of the supply screw 8 is set clockwise as shown in FIG. doing.
In particular, in the case where the developer supplied to the developing roller 5 is not returned to the supply conveyance path 9 but is collected to the collection conveyance path 7 as in the developing device 4 of this embodiment, the amount of developer goes downstream of the supply conveyance path 9. It decreases according to. For this reason, it is more excellent in terms of developer supply that the developer is drawn up from below and supplied to the developing roller 5.

ここで、供給搬送路9内では、搬送されることで供給搬送路9内を移動する勢いや、現像剤搬送スクリュである供給スクリュ8の回転する力によって供給搬送路9内の現像剤は飛び跳ねる。そして、現像剤搬送路である供給搬送路9の所定の高さに現像剤排出口94を設けただけの構成であると、飛び跳ねた現像剤が飛翔して現像剤排出口94を通過して排出されることがある。現像剤が飛び跳ねて排出される場合、供給搬送路9内の現像剤排出口94を設けた位置を搬送される現像剤が適正な量の状態や、適正な量を下回る状態であっても、飛び跳ねた現像剤が排出されるおそれがある。このように飛び跳ねた現像剤が排出される状態であると、現像装置4内の現像剤が適正な量以下の状態であるにもかかわらず現像剤排出口から現像剤が排出されることがあり、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を下回り、感光体1への現像剤の供給が不安定になるおそれがある。そして、感光体1への現像剤の供給が不安定になると画像抜けなどの異常画像が発生する。   Here, in the supply conveyance path 9, the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 jumps by the momentum of movement in the supply conveyance path 9 by being conveyed and the rotating force of the supply screw 8 that is a developer conveyance screw. . When the developer discharge port 94 is simply provided at a predetermined height of the supply conveyance path 9 that is the developer conveyance path, the jumped developer flies and passes through the developer discharge port 94. May be discharged. When the developer jumps and is discharged, even if the developer transported through the position where the developer discharge port 94 in the supply transport path 9 is provided is in an appropriate amount or less than the appropriate amount, The jumped developer may be discharged. In such a state where the developer jumped off is discharged, the developer may be discharged from the developer discharge port even though the amount of the developer in the developing device 4 is not more than an appropriate amount. The amount of developer in the developing device 4 is less than the required amount, and the supply of developer to the photoreceptor 1 may become unstable. When the developer supply to the photosensitive member 1 becomes unstable, an abnormal image such as image omission occurs.

このような不具合を防止するために、現像装置4は、現像剤搬送部材である供給スクリュ8が現像剤を搬送するために回転することによって飛翔した現像剤が現像剤排出口94に向かう経路を塞ぐ飛翔現像剤排出防止部材として、ブロック部材3を備えている。ブロック部材3を備え、供給スクリュ8の搬送動作によって飛翔した現像剤が現像剤排出口94へ向かう経路を塞ぐため、飛び跳ねた現像剤が排出されることを防止し、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加していないにもかかわらず現像剤が排出されることを防止することができる。このため、現像装置4内の現像剤の必要量を確保することができ、感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。これにより、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。   In order to prevent such a problem, the developing device 4 has a path along which the developer flying as the supply screw 8 that is a developer conveying member rotates to convey the developer is directed toward the developer discharge port 94. A block member 3 is provided as a flying developer discharge preventing member for closing. The developer in the developing device 4 is provided with the block member 3, and the developer flying by the feeding operation of the supply screw 8 blocks the path toward the developer discharge port 94, thereby preventing the jumped developer from being discharged. It is possible to prevent the developer from being discharged even though the amount is not increased. Therefore, the necessary amount of developer in the developing device 4 can be secured, and the developer can be stably supplied to the photoreceptor 1. As a result, the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 1 can be favorably converted into a toner image, an abnormal image such as image omission can be prevented, and good image formation can be performed.

ブロック部材3は、その底面が供給搬送路9の上部に供給スクリュ8の形状に沿ったR形状の樹脂製の部材である。供給スクリュ8の形状に沿ったR形状であることにより、供給スクリュ8全体を覆うようにブロック部材3の底面を全体的に供給スクリュ8に近接させることが可能になる。このため、現像剤の跳ね上げを起こす供給スクリュ8の上方を覆い、供給スクリュ8によって跳ね上げられた現像剤が飛翔して現像剤排出口94に到達することを防止することができる。   The block member 3 is an R-shaped resin member whose bottom surface follows the shape of the supply screw 8 above the supply conveyance path 9. Due to the R shape along the shape of the supply screw 8, the bottom surface of the block member 3 can be brought close to the supply screw 8 as a whole so as to cover the entire supply screw 8. For this reason, it is possible to cover the upper part of the supply screw 8 that causes the developer to jump up, and to prevent the developer jumped up by the supply screw 8 from flying and reaching the developer discharge port 94.

また、図11に示すように、供給搬送路9の現像剤排出口94周辺でブロック部材3が突出した形状となっているため、ブロック部材3に対して供給スクリュ8の搬送方向上流側の供給搬送路9よりも、ブロック部材3を設けた箇所の供給搬送路が狭くなっている。このため、ブロック部材3を設けた位置に対して搬送方向上流側よりも、ブロック部材3を設けた位置の方が供給搬送路9の容量に対する現像剤量が多くなる。そのため、現像剤に対して搬送力の付与が無くなる供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端部近傍で、ブロック部材3の側壁と、排出仕切り壁135との間に現像剤がせり上がる状態となる。これにより、供給スクリュ8が現像剤に埋まるような状態となり、供給スクリュ8の回転による現像剤の跳ね上げが抑えられるとともに、供給スクリュ8の羽部の上部が現像剤の剤面から出ているときに発生する供給スクリュ8の跳ね上げによる剤面の変化が現像剤排出口94付近では緩和される。このため、現像装置4内の現像剤の増減に対して感度の良い排出が可能となる。
このようなブロック部材3を備えることで、現像剤の供給により現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加し、供給搬送路9内の現像剤の嵩が上昇した場合、増加した分に相当する現像剤が現像剤排出口94より溢れ出す構成となっている。
Further, as shown in FIG. 11, since the block member 3 protrudes around the developer discharge port 94 of the supply conveyance path 9, the supply screw 8 on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply screw 8 with respect to the block member 3. The supply conveyance path where the block member 3 is provided is narrower than the conveyance path 9. Therefore, the developer amount with respect to the capacity of the supply conveyance path 9 is larger at the position where the block member 3 is provided than at the upstream side in the conveyance direction with respect to the position where the block member 3 is provided. For this reason, the developer rises between the side wall of the block member 3 and the discharge partition wall 135 in the vicinity of the downstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction where no conveyance force is applied to the developer. As a result, the supply screw 8 is buried in the developer, and the splashing of the developer due to the rotation of the supply screw 8 is suppressed, and the upper part of the wing portion of the supply screw 8 protrudes from the developer surface. The change in the surface level due to the splashing of the supply screw 8 that occurs sometimes is mitigated in the vicinity of the developer discharge port 94. For this reason, it is possible to discharge with high sensitivity to the increase or decrease of the developer in the developing device 4.
By providing such a block member 3, when the developer amount in the developing device 4 increases due to the supply of the developer and the bulk of the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 increases, the development corresponding to the increased amount is achieved. The developer overflows from the developer discharge port 94.

図12及び図13は、現像装置4内の現像剤量が少ない状態、すなわち、滞留現像剤が現像剤排出口94の位置に達しない程度の量の状態の現像装置4の現像剤の流れを示す説明図である。図12は、図2と同じ方向から見た供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の現像装置4の断面説明図であり、図13は、図5と同じ方向から見た側方断面説明図である。図中Pは現像剤を示す。
図12及び図13に示すように、現像装置4内の現像剤量が少ない場合は供給搬送路9から循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の供給がスムーズに行われる。その結果、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10との境界である供給循環仕切り壁である第一仕切り壁133に設けられた開口部である余剰開口部92で現像剤Pが溢れて滞留現像剤の嵩が増加することがない。このため、現像装置4外へ現像剤Pを排出する現像剤排出口94へ現像剤はほとんど導かれず、現像剤量が少ない状態で現像剤が排出されることを防止することができる。
12 and 13 show the developer flow in the developing device 4 in a state where the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is small, that is, in a state where the staying developer does not reach the position of the developer discharge port 94. It is explanatory drawing shown. 12 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the developing device 4 in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 as viewed from the same direction as FIG. 2, and FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional explanatory view from the same direction as FIG. It is. In the figure, P indicates a developer.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is small, the developer is smoothly supplied from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 that is a circulation conveyance path. As a result, the developer P overflows in the surplus opening 92 that is an opening provided in the first partition wall 133 that is the supply circulation partition wall that is the boundary between the supply transport path 9 and the stirring transport path 10. The bulk of the material does not increase. For this reason, the developer is hardly led to the developer discharge port 94 for discharging the developer P to the outside of the developing device 4, and it is possible to prevent the developer from being discharged in a state where the amount of the developer is small.

図14及び図15は現像装置4内の現像剤量が多い状態、すなわち、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の滞留現像剤の嵩が現像剤排出口94の位置に到達した状態の現像装置4の現像剤Pの流れを示す説明図である。図14は、図2と同じ方向から見た供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の現像装置4の断面説明図であり、図15は、図5と同じ方向から見た側方断面説明図である。
図14及び図15に示すように、現像装置4内の現像剤量が多い場合は、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10へ現像剤Pが移動する余剰開口部92の近傍で現像剤Pが滞留する。その結果、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流部の現像剤Pは行き場が無くなり滞留現像剤は上方向に嵩が上昇して行く。そして、現像剤排出口94の高さまで嵩が上昇すると現像剤Pが現像剤排出口94を通過して排出搬送路2へと排出され、排出搬送路2内の排出スクリュ2aによって現像装置4の外部に排出されることになる。
14 and 15 show development in a state where the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is large, that is, in a state where the bulk of the staying developer near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of developer P in the apparatus 4. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the developing device 4 near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 as viewed from the same direction as FIG. 2, and FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional explanatory view as viewed from the same direction as FIG. It is.
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, when the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is large, the developer P is near the surplus opening 92 where the developer P moves from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10. Stay. As a result, the developer P at the most downstream portion in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 has no place to go, and the staying developer increases in volume upward. When the bulk rises to the height of the developer discharge port 94, the developer P passes through the developer discharge port 94 and is discharged to the discharge conveyance path 2, and the discharge screw 2 a in the discharge conveyance path 2 discharges the developing device 4. It will be discharged to the outside.

現像装置4は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の滞留現像剤の嵩が現像剤排出口94の高さを越えた場合に、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達した現像剤を排出するものであるので、現像剤排出口94からの現像剤の排出によって供給搬送路9を搬送する現像剤が不足することを防止することができる。これにより、供給搬送路9から現像ローラ5へ必要量の現像剤を供給することができ、現像ローラ5から感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。このため、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。   The developing device 4 discharges the developer that has reached the height of the developer discharge port 94 when the volume of the staying developer near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 exceeds the height of the developer discharge port 94. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the developer transporting the supply transport path 9 from being insufficient due to the discharge of the developer from the developer discharge port 94. Accordingly, a necessary amount of developer can be supplied from the supply conveyance path 9 to the developing roller 5, and the developer can be stably supplied from the developing roller 5 to the photosensitive member 1. For this reason, the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member 1 can be favorably converted into a toner image, an abnormal image such as image omission can be prevented, and good image formation can be performed.

図13では、現像装置4内の現像剤が少ない状態について説明したが、現像装置4内の現像剤が排出されず、現像剤量が安定した状態では、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に現像剤が滞留した状態となっている。以下、この状態の詳細について説明する。
現像装置4は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍で滞留する滞留現像剤の嵩が所定の高さ(現像剤排出口94の高さ)を越えた場合にその一部を排出する構成である。すなわち、現像剤排出口94及び排出搬送路2は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の滞留現像剤の嵩が、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達した現像剤を排出するものである。よって、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に、現像剤排出口94の高さに到達しない程度の嵩で滞留現像剤が存在する状態で現像装置4内の現像量が安定した状態となる。これは、供給搬送路9を搬送されその搬送方向下流端に到達する現像剤量と、供給搬送路9余剰開口部92を通って攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される現像剤量との均衡により、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に現像剤排出口94の高さに到達しない程度の嵩で現像剤が滞留している状態である。
In FIG. 13, the state in which the developer in the developing device 4 is small has been described. However, when the developer in the developing device 4 is not discharged and the developer amount is stable, the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 In this state, the developer is retained. Details of this state will be described below.
The developing device 4 is configured to discharge a part of the staying developer staying in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 when the bulk exceeds a predetermined height (the height of the developer discharge port 94). It is. That is, the developer discharge port 94 and the discharge conveyance path 2 discharge the developer in which the bulk of the staying developer near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94. . Therefore, the developing amount in the developing device 4 becomes stable in a state where the staying developer exists in a volume that does not reach the height of the developer discharge port 94 near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9. . This is due to the balance between the amount of developer transported through the supply transport path 9 and reaching the downstream end in the transport direction, and the amount of developer delivered to the stirring transport path 10 through the supply transport path 9 surplus opening 92. In this state, the developer stays in a volume that does not reach the height of the developer discharge port 94 in the vicinity of the downstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction.

この状態からトナー補給制御装置によってプレミックストナーが供給されて現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加すると、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される現像剤量(図4中の矢印E)よりも、供給搬送路9を搬送されその搬送方向下流端に到達する現像剤量(図4中の矢印L)の方が多くなる。このとき、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に滞留する現像剤の量が増加し、その嵩が上昇する。これにより、滞留する現像剤の嵩が現像剤排出口94に到達した場合に、その嵩が現像剤排出口94の位置よりも低くなるように滞留する現像剤の一部として、現像剤排出口94に到達した現像剤を排出する。
なお、滞留する現像剤は飛び跳ねにくく、現像装置4内の現像剤量の増減に合わせて現像剤の嵩が変化する。そして、滞留現像剤の嵩が所定の高さ(現像剤排出口94)を越えたときに現像剤を排出することにより、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加したときに増加量分の現像剤が排出されるため、現像装置4内の現像剤量を精度良く一定の範囲内に維持することができる。
これにより、供給搬送路9を搬送される現像剤量が安定するため、供給搬送路を搬送する現像剤が不足することを防止することができ、供給搬送路9から現像ローラ5へ必要量の現像剤を供給することができる。このため、現像ローラ5から感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができ、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができるため、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。
From this state, when the premix toner is supplied by the toner replenishment control device and the amount of developer in the developing device 4 increases, the amount of developer delivered from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 (arrow E in FIG. 4). ), The amount of developer transported through the supply transport path 9 and reaching the downstream end in the transport direction (arrow L in FIG. 4) is larger. At this time, the amount of the developer staying in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is increased, and the bulk thereof is increased. As a result, when the volume of the staying developer reaches the developer discharge port 94, the developer discharge port is used as a part of the developer that stays so that the bulk becomes lower than the position of the developer discharge port 94. The developer reaching 94 is discharged.
Note that the staying developer is difficult to jump, and the volume of the developer changes according to the increase or decrease of the developer amount in the developing device 4. Then, the developer is discharged when the volume of the staying developer exceeds a predetermined height (developer discharge port 94). Since the developer is discharged, the amount of developer in the developing device 4 can be accurately maintained within a certain range.
As a result, the amount of developer conveyed through the supply conveyance path 9 is stabilized, so that it is possible to prevent a shortage of developer conveying along the supply conveyance path, and a necessary amount from the supply conveyance path 9 to the developing roller 5 can be prevented. Developer can be supplied. For this reason, a stable developer can be supplied from the developing roller 5 to the photosensitive member 1, and the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member 1 can be favorably formed into a toner image. Can be prevented and good image formation can be performed.

現像装置4において、プレミックストナーが補給されたときの攪拌スクリュ11による現像剤の搬送量の変化や攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9への現像剤の受渡し量の変化によって現像剤の現像剤の動向は異なる。
例えば、プレミックストナーが補給された状態でも攪拌スクリュ11による現像剤の搬送量があまり変化しない場合は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側に供給される現像剤の量もあまり変化しない。また、攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へ現像剤を受け渡す構成が、図12や図13に示す状態で時間当りに受け渡せる量の上限に近い状態である場合も供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側に供給される現像剤の量もあまり変化しない。これらの構成は、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加することで攪拌搬送路10内の現像剤量が増加し、攪拌搬送路10内に時間当りに供給される現像剤量が増加する量に比べて、攪拌搬送路から供給搬送路9へと時間当りに移動する現像剤量の増加する量が少なくなる構成である。
In the developing device 4, the developer developer by the change in the developer conveyance amount by the stirring screw 11 when the premix toner is replenished or the change in the developer delivery amount from the stirring conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9. Trends are different.
For example, when the amount of developer transported by the stirring screw 11 does not change much even when the premix toner is supplied, the amount of developer supplied upstream in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 does not change much. Further, even when the configuration in which the developer is transferred from the agitation conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9 is close to the upper limit of the amount that can be delivered per time in the state shown in FIGS. The amount of developer supplied upstream in the direction does not change much. In these configurations, the amount of developer in the agitation transport path 10 increases as the amount of developer in the developing device 4 increases, and the amount of developer supplied per time in the agitation transport path 10 increases. As compared with the above, the amount of the developer that moves from the stirring conveyance path to the supply conveyance path 9 per unit time increases is reduced.

このような構成の現像装置4では、プレミックストナーが補給されても、供給搬送路9を搬送される現像剤量も変化せず、供給搬送路9から現像ローラ5に供給される現像剤量も略一定であるので、供給スクリュ8によって時間当りに供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤の量もほとんど変化しない。
一方、攪拌搬送路10の搬送量があまり変化しない場合は、トナー補給口95からプレミックストナーが補給されると、増加した現像剤は攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端近傍で滞留する。また、攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9への受渡し量が変化しない場合は、増加した分の現像剤は攪拌搬送路10内で滞留し、搬送方向上流端近傍にも滞留する。
搬送方向上流端近傍に現像剤が滞留すると、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10へ現像剤を受け渡す余剰開口部92を攪拌搬送路10側で現像剤によって塞ぐ状態となる。余剰開口部92が現像剤によって塞がれると供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の移動ができなくなるが、供給スクリュ8によって現像剤が搬送され続けるため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍で現像剤が滞留し、その嵩は増加する。そして、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の現像剤の嵩が、現像剤排出口94の高さまで上昇すると現像剤Pが排出搬送路2へと排出され、排出搬送路2を通って現像装置4の外部に排出される。
この構成では、攪拌搬送路10内に現像剤が充満状態のときに、現像に用いられずに供給搬送路9の搬送方向の最下流まで搬送された余剰現像剤を攪拌搬送路10に供給搬送する余剰開口部92が現像剤で溢れる状態とすることにより、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の移動を規制することができ、その結果行き場を失った現像剤は現像剤排出口94へと導かれ、現像剤を排出ことが可能となる。
このように、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加しても攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へ時間当りに供給される現像剤量があまり変化しない構成であっても、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に現像剤排出口94を配置することにより、現像装置4内の現像剤の入れ替えを行うことができる。
In the developing device 4 having such a configuration, even when the premix toner is replenished, the amount of developer conveyed through the supply conveyance path 9 does not change, and the amount of developer supplied from the supply conveyance path 9 to the developing roller 5 is changed. Therefore, the amount of the developer reaching the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 per time by the supply screw 8 hardly changes.
On the other hand, when the conveyance amount of the agitation conveyance path 10 does not change much, when the premix toner is replenished from the toner replenishing port 95, the increased developer stays in the vicinity of the upstream end of the agitation conveyance path 10 in the conveyance direction. Further, when the delivery amount from the agitation conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9 does not change, the increased amount of developer stays in the agitation conveyance path 10 and also stays in the vicinity of the upstream end in the conveyance direction.
When the developer stays in the vicinity of the upstream end in the transport direction, the surplus opening 92 that delivers the developer from the supply transport path 9 to the stirring transport path 10 is closed by the developer on the stirring transport path 10 side. When the excess opening 92 is blocked by the developer, the developer cannot be moved from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10, but the developer is continuously conveyed by the supply screw 8, so that the conveyance of the supply conveyance path 9 is performed. The developer stays in the vicinity of the downstream end in the direction, and its bulk increases. When the volume of the developer near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 rises to the height of the developer discharge port 94, the developer P is discharged to the discharge conveyance path 2 and developed through the discharge conveyance path 2. It is discharged outside the device 4.
In this configuration, when the developer in the agitation transport path 10 is full, the excess developer that has been transported to the most downstream side in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 without being used for development is supplied and transported to the agitation transport path 10. By setting the surplus opening 92 to overflow with the developer, the movement of the developer from the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10 can be restricted, and as a result, the developer that has lost its destination is discharged from the developer. Guided to the outlet 94, the developer can be discharged.
As described above, even if the developer amount in the developing device 4 increases, even if the developer amount supplied per hour from the agitation transport path 10 to the supply transport path 9 does not change much, the supply transport path 9 By disposing the developer discharge port 94 at the downstream end in the transport direction, the developer in the developing device 4 can be replaced.

また、プレミックストナーが補給されると、それに併せて供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側に供給される現像剤の量が増加するが、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の受渡し量に上限があるものがある構成もある。この構成は、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加することで供給搬送路9内の現像剤量が増加し、供給スクリュ8の搬送によって供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に時間当りに搬送される現像剤量が増加する量に比べて、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端から攪拌搬送路10へと時間当りに移動する現像剤量の増加する量が少なくなるように構成されている。
このような構成の現像装置4では、プレミックストナーが補給されると、現像剤の増加に合わせて攪拌搬送路10の搬送量が増加し、攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9への現像剤の受渡し量も増加する。これにより、供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端部に供給される現像剤量が増加し、供給搬送路9内を搬送する現像剤量も増加する。しかし、供給搬送路9から現像ローラ5に供給される現像剤量は変化しないため、時間当りに供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量は増加する。そして、時間当りに供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達する現像剤量が、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤の時間当りの受渡し量の上限を越えると、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍で現像剤が滞留し、その嵩は増加する。そして、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の滞留現像剤の嵩が、現像剤排出口94の高さまで上昇すると現像剤Pが排出搬送路2へと排出され、排出搬送路2を通って現像装置4の外部に排出される。
このように、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加すると攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へ時間当りに供給される現像剤量も増加する構成であっても、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に現像剤排出口94を配置することにより、現像装置4内の現像剤の入れ替えを行うことができる。
In addition, when the premix toner is replenished, the amount of the developer supplied to the upstream side of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction increases, but the amount of developer from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 increases. Some configurations have an upper limit on the delivery amount. In this configuration, as the amount of developer in the developing device 4 increases, the amount of developer in the supply conveyance path 9 increases, and the conveyance of the supply screw 8 near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 per time. Compared with the amount by which the amount of developer conveyed increases, the amount of developer that moves per hour from the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10 is reduced. Yes.
In the developing device 4 having such a configuration, when the premix toner is replenished, the conveyance amount of the agitation conveyance path 10 increases as the developer increases, and the developer from the agitation conveyance path 10 to the supply conveyance path 9 is increased. The amount of delivery will also increase. As a result, the amount of developer supplied to the upstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the conveyance direction increases, and the amount of developer conveyed in the supply conveyance path 9 also increases. However, since the amount of developer supplied from the supply conveyance path 9 to the developing roller 5 does not change, the amount of developer that reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 increases per time. When the amount of developer that reaches the vicinity of the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 per time exceeds the upper limit of the delivery amount of developer from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 per hour, the supply conveyance The developer stays in the vicinity of the downstream end of the path 9 in the transport direction, and its bulk increases. Then, when the bulk of the staying developer near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 rises to the height of the developer discharge port 94, the developer P is discharged to the discharge conveyance path 2 and passes through the discharge conveyance path 2. It is discharged to the outside of the developing device 4.
As described above, even when the developer amount in the developing device 4 increases, the amount of developer supplied from the agitation transport path 10 to the supply transport path 9 per unit time increases, even in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9. By disposing the developer discharge port 94 at the downstream end, the developer in the developing device 4 can be replaced.

また、現像装置4内の現像剤量の変化によって現像剤の嵩が変化する箇所である供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍であふれた現像剤を、排出仕切り壁135に設けた現像剤排出口94によって現像剤を排出する構成であるため、簡単な構成で精度よく現像装置4内の現像剤を入れ替えることができる。
また、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とが供給循環仕切り壁である第一仕切り壁133を挟んで、上下で隣り合うように配置され、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤は、供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とを連通するように設けられた開口である余剰開口部92を通って、攪拌搬送路10へ移動する構成である。そして、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の滞留現像剤の嵩は、供給スクリュ8によってその下流端まで時間当りに搬送される現像剤量と、余剰開口部92を時間当りに通過する現像剤量との差によって変化する。供給スクリュ8によって搬送される現像剤量または余剰開口部92を時間当りに通過する現像剤量は、現像装置4内の現像剤量の変化によって変わり、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加すると供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の現像剤の嵩が上昇するため、簡単な構成で精度よく現像装置4内の現像剤を入れ替えることができる。
In addition, the developer overflowed in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9, where the volume of the developer changes due to the change in the developer amount in the developing device 4, is discharged from the developer provided on the discharge partition wall 135. Since the developer is discharged through the outlet 94, the developer in the developing device 4 can be replaced with high accuracy with a simple structure.
Further, the supply conveyance path 9 and the agitation conveyance path 10 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other with the first partition wall 133 serving as the supply circulation partition wall interposed therebetween, and the development that has reached the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 The agent is configured to move to the stirring and conveying path 10 through an excess opening 92 that is an opening provided so as to communicate the supply conveying path 9 and the stirring and conveying path 10. The bulk of the staying developer near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is determined by the amount of developer transported to the downstream end by the supply screw 8 per hour and the development passing through the excess opening 92 per time. It varies depending on the difference from the dosage. The amount of developer conveyed by the supply screw 8 or the amount of developer passing through the excess opening 92 per hour varies depending on the change in the amount of developer in the developing device 4, and the amount of developer in the developing device 4 increases. Since the bulk of the developer near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 increases, the developer in the developing device 4 can be replaced with high accuracy with a simple configuration.

現像装置4の排出口開口部である現像剤排出口94と循環開口部である余剰開口部92とは、供給搬送路9の現像剤搬送方向についての位置の少なくとも一部が重複する。本実施形態の現像装置4では、図4、図13及び図15に示すように、現像剤排出口94と余剰開口部92とが、供給搬送路9の現像剤搬送方向について同じ位置にある。このような構成により、余剰開口部92の近傍で現像剤を滞留させることで、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10に受け渡す現像剤量と、現像装置4の外に排出する現像剤量のバランスをとることが容易となる。
また、現像剤排出口94は余剰開口部92よりも上方に配置されているため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が適正量である状態では、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤は、下方にある余剰開口部92のみを通過し、攪拌搬送路10に移動して現像装置4内を循環する。そして、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加し、搬送方向下流端の滞留現像剤の嵩が上方にある現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達すると、その高さを越える現像剤が現像剤排出口94を通過して、現像装置4の外部に排出される。この構成では、現像剤排出口94を余剰開口部92よりも上方に配置するという簡易な構成で、攪拌搬送路10に供給すべき現像剤量が攪拌搬送路10に供給されない状態で現像剤が現像装置4の外に排出されることを防止しつつ、現像装置4内の現像剤量が所定量を越えた場合は、装置の外に排出することができる。これにより、余剰開口部92を介して現像剤を循環させつつ、現像剤排出口94で増加した分の現像剤を精度良く排出して現像剤を入れ替える構成を実現することができる。
At least a part of the position of the supply transport path 9 in the developer transport direction overlaps the developer discharge port 94 that is the discharge port opening of the developing device 4 and the surplus opening 92 that is the circulation opening. In the developing device 4 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4, 13, and 15, the developer discharge port 94 and the excess opening 92 are at the same position in the developer transport direction of the supply transport path 9. With such a configuration, the amount of developer delivered from the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10 and the amount of developer discharged out of the developing device 4 by retaining the developer in the vicinity of the surplus opening 92 are set. It becomes easy to balance.
Further, since the developer discharge port 94 is disposed above the surplus opening 92, the developer discharge port 94 reaches the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 when the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is an appropriate amount. The developer passes only through the excess opening 92 located below, moves to the stirring conveyance path 10 and circulates in the developing device 4. When the amount of the developer in the developing device 4 increases and the bulk of the staying developer at the downstream end in the transport direction reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94 above, the developer exceeding the height is discharged. It passes through the outlet 94 and is discharged to the outside of the developing device 4. In this configuration, the developer discharge port 94 is arranged above the surplus opening 92, and the developer is supplied in a state where the amount of developer to be supplied to the stirring and conveying path 10 is not supplied to the stirring and conveying path 10. When the developer amount in the developing device 4 exceeds a predetermined amount while preventing the developer from being discharged out of the developing device 4, the developer can be discharged out of the device. Accordingly, it is possible to realize a configuration in which the developer is circulated through the excess opening 92 and the developer increased by the developer discharge port 94 is accurately discharged and the developer is replaced.

また、供給搬送路9、攪拌搬送路10及び回収搬送路7を備える一方向循環の現像装置4では、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達する現像剤は現像に寄与しなかった余剰現像剤である。一方向循環の現像装置4では、この余剰現像剤が滞留する位置で、プレミックストナーの補給によって増加した現像剤を排出することが適している。これは、以下の理由による。
回収搬送路7は、現像ローラ5に担持され現像領域を通過した現像剤を搬送するため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が変化しても回収搬送路7内を搬送される現像剤はほとんど変化せず、現像剤の嵩の上昇によって現像剤を排出することができない。
攪拌搬送路10は、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加すると、搬送する現像剤量が増加してその嵩も上昇する。しかし、搬送される現像剤の飛び跳ねや搬送量のムラによって、現像剤量が増加しなくても現像剤が排出され、供給搬送路9に必要量の現像剤を受け渡すことができなくなるおそれがある。このため、攪拌搬送路10内での現像剤の嵩の上昇によって現像剤を排出することは不適である。さらに、供給搬送路9の途中で排出する構成も、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加していなくても、現像剤の嵩が増加することがあり、排出した位置よりも搬送方向下流側で現像剤が不足するおそれがあるので不適である。
このような理由により、一方向循環の現像装置4では、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達する現像剤が滞留する位置で、プレミックストナーの補給によって増加した分の現像剤を排出することが適している。
Further, in the one-way circulation developing device 4 including the supply conveyance path 9, the agitation conveyance path 10, and the collection conveyance path 7, the developer that reaches the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 does not contribute to development. It is an agent. In the one-way circulation developing device 4, it is suitable to discharge the developer increased by the replenishment of the premix toner at the position where the excess developer stays. This is due to the following reason.
Since the collection conveyance path 7 conveys the developer carried on the developing roller 5 and passed through the development region, even if the amount of the developer in the developing device 4 changes, almost no developer is conveyed in the collection conveyance path 7. There is no change, and the developer cannot be discharged due to an increase in the volume of the developer.
As the amount of developer in the developing device 4 increases, the amount of developer to be transported increases and the bulk of the agitation transport path 10 also increases. However, due to the jumping of the developer to be transported or unevenness in the transport amount, the developer is discharged even if the developer amount does not increase, and the required amount of developer cannot be delivered to the supply transport path 9. is there. For this reason, it is not appropriate to discharge the developer due to the increase in the volume of the developer in the stirring conveyance path 10. Further, the configuration of discharging in the middle of the supply conveyance path 9 may increase the volume of the developer even if the amount of the developer in the developing device 4 is not increased, and the downstream side in the conveyance direction from the discharged position. Is not suitable because the developer may be insufficient.
For this reason, the one-way circulating developing device 4 discharges the developer increased by replenishing the premix toner at the position where the developer that reaches the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 stays. Is suitable.

実施形態の現像装置4では、余剰開口部92が現像剤排出口94よりも大きな開口となっているが、現像剤排出口94が余剰開口部92よりも大きな開口としても良い。
また、上述の実施形態では、現像剤排出手段が、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の現像剤の嵩が所定の高さを越えた場合にその一部を排出する構成を図4に示す構成の現像装置4に適用した構成について説明した。本発明の特徴部を適用することができる構成は図4に示すものに限るものではなく、図6に示す構成の現像装置4に同様に適用することができる。
また、上述の実施形態では、現像剤として、キャリアとトナーとからなる二成分現像剤を用いる現像装置について説明した。本発明の特徴部を適用する現像装置としては、二成分現像剤を用いた現像装置に限るものではない。現像剤補給手段によって現像剤の補給が成され、現像装置内の現像剤の増加量分を現像剤排出手段によって排出する構成を備えた現像装置であれば一成分現像剤を用いる現像装置であっても適用可能である。
In the developing device 4 of the embodiment, the excessive opening 92 is larger than the developer discharge port 94, but the developer discharge port 94 may be larger than the excessive opening 92.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which the developer discharging means discharges a part of the developer when the volume of the developer near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 exceeds a predetermined height. The configuration applied to the developing device 4 having the configuration shown has been described. The configuration to which the characterizing portion of the present invention can be applied is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4, but can be similarly applied to the developing device 4 having the configuration shown in FIG.
In the above-described embodiment, the developing device using the two-component developer composed of the carrier and the toner as the developer has been described. The developing device to which the feature of the present invention is applied is not limited to a developing device using a two-component developer. A developing device using a one-component developer can be used as long as the developer is replenished by the developer replenishing unit and the developer discharging unit discharges the increased amount of developer in the developing device. Is applicable.

〔実施例〕
次に、現像剤滞留手段80の実例について説明する。
図16は実施例の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図16に示すように実施例の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給スクリュ8とは逆方向の搬送力を発生させる逆搬送部材である逆スクリュ81を備えている。逆スクリュ81は、供給スクリュ8の回転軸の端部に供給スクリュ8の羽部とは逆巻きの羽部を取り付けたものである。
そして、供給スクリュ8が回転することにより、逆スクリュ81では供給スクリュ8とは逆方向の搬送力として図16中の矢印N方向の搬送力が発生する。これにより、供給スクリュ8の搬送によって現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92を配置した位置を通り過ぎた現像剤Pを、逆スクリュ81によって現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置に向かわせることができる。このため、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
( Example)
Next, a description will be given of the implementation examples of the developer staying means 80.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 16, the developing device 4 of the embodiment is a reverse conveyance member that generates a conveyance force in the direction opposite to the supply screw 8 at the most downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 as the developer retention unit 80. A reverse screw 81 is provided. The reverse screw 81 is obtained by attaching a wing portion reverse to the wing portion of the supply screw 8 to the end of the rotation shaft of the supply screw 8.
When the supply screw 8 rotates, the reverse screw 81 generates a conveyance force in the direction of arrow N in FIG. 16 as a conveyance force in the direction opposite to that of the supply screw 8. As a result, the developer P that has passed the position where the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 are disposed by the conveyance of the supply screw 8 is directed to the position of the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 by the reverse screw 81. be able to. For this reason, the developer P can be retained at the positions of the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9.

余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤の必要量を図16中の矢印Eで示す現像剤Pの下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤Pを図16中の矢印Kで示す現像剤Pの上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
また、通過した現像剤Pが循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される循環開口部である余剰開口部92は、現像装置4のように、攪拌搬送路10と供給搬送路9とを仕切る第一仕切り壁133に設けられ、攪拌搬送路10と供給搬送路9とを連通させる連通口であることが好ましい。連通口にすることにより、簡易な構成で供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10への現像剤Pの受け渡しが可能となる。また、供給搬送路9は攪拌搬送路10の上方に配置されているため、連通させる開口とすることによって、落とし穴のように余剰現像剤を下方向へ落とし、効率よく余剰現像剤を攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。
また、現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92を配置した位置を通り過ぎた現像剤Pが供給スクリュ8の搬送方向にさらに搬送されると、供給スクリュ8の回転軸の軸受に現像剤Pが入り込み、軸受を破損させるおそれがある。このような問題に対して、逆スクリュ81を配置し、現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92を配置した位置を通り過ぎた現像剤Pを押し戻すことにより、軸受に現像剤Pが入り込むことを防止し、軸受の破損を防止することができる。
By causing the developer P to stay at the position of the excess opening 92, in the state where the staying developer is present, the required amount of developer required for circulation is shown in the downward direction of the developer P indicated by arrow E in FIG. Can be transferred to the agitating and conveying path 10 as a flow. Further, by retaining the developer P at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the bulk of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer P at a higher position can be reliably delivered to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer P indicated by an arrow K in FIG.
Further, the surplus opening 92 that is a circulation opening through which the developer P that has passed is transferred to the stirring and conveying path 10 that is the circulating and conveying path is connected to the stirring and conveying path 10 and the supply and conveying path 9 like the developing device 4. It is preferably a communication port provided in the first partition wall 133 for partitioning and connecting the agitation transport path 10 and the supply transport path 9. By using the communication port, the developer P can be transferred from the supply conveyance path 9 to the stirring conveyance path 10 with a simple configuration. Further, since the supply conveyance path 9 is arranged above the agitation conveyance path 10, by making the communication opening, excess developer is dropped downward like a pit and the excess developer is efficiently removed by the agitation conveyance path. 10 can be handed over.
Further, when the developer P that has passed the position where the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 are disposed is further conveyed in the conveyance direction of the supply screw 8, the developer P enters the bearing of the rotating shaft of the supply screw 8. There is a risk of damaging the bearing. In order to prevent such a problem, the developer P is prevented from entering the bearing by disposing the reverse screw 81 and pushing back the developer P that has passed the position where the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 are disposed. Thus, damage to the bearing can be prevented.

参考構成例1
次に、現像剤滞留手段80のつ目の参考構成例(以下、参考構成例1と呼ぶ)について説明する。
図17は参考構成例1の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図17に示すように参考構成例1の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給搬送路9の余剰開口部92の位置よりも搬送方向下流側に現像剤Pが移動することを妨げる下流端壁面82を備える。このような下流端壁面82を備えることにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤Pの必要量を図17中の矢印Eで示す現像剤Pの下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤Pを図17中の矢印Kで示す現像剤Pの上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
[ Reference configuration example 1 ]
Then, one eye of Reference example configuration of a developer accumulation means 80 (hereinafter referred to as Reference Configuration example 1) will be described.
FIG. 17 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 1 . As shown in FIG. 17, the developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 1 has, as the developer retention unit 80, the transport direction in the transport direction more downstream than the position of the surplus opening 92 in the supply transport path 9. A downstream end wall surface 82 that prevents the developer P from moving downstream is provided. By providing such a downstream end wall surface 82, the developer P can be retained at the positions of the developer discharge port 94 and the excess opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9.
By retaining the developer P at the position of the excess opening 92, in the state where the retained developer exists, the required amount of developer P required for circulation is below the developer P indicated by arrow E in FIG. It can be passed to the stirring and conveying path 10 as a directional flow. Further, by retaining the developer P at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the bulk of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer P at a higher position can be reliably transferred to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer P indicated by an arrow K in FIG.

参考構成例2
次に、現像剤滞留手段80のつ目の参考構成例(以下、参考構成例2と呼ぶ)について説明する。
図18は参考構成例2の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図18に示すように参考構成例2の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給スクリュ8の搬送方向とは逆方向(図18中の矢印N方向)に現像剤Pを押圧する押圧部材としてバネ付き板83を備えている。このようなバネ付き板83を備えることにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤Pの必要量を図18中の矢印Eで示す現像剤Pの下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤Pを図18中の矢印Kで示す現像剤Pの上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
[ Reference configuration example 2 ]
Next, two eyes of Reference example configuration of a developer accumulation means 80 (hereinafter referred to as Reference Configuration Example 2) will be described.
FIG. 18 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 2 . As shown in FIG. 18, the developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 2 has, as the developer retention means 80, the conveyance direction most downstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the direction opposite to the conveyance direction of the supply screw 8 (in FIG. 18). A plate 83 with a spring is provided as a pressing member for pressing the developer P in the direction of arrow N). By providing such a spring-equipped plate 83, the developer P can be retained at the positions of the developer discharge port 94 and the excess opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9.
By retaining the developer P at the position of the surplus opening 92, in the state where the retained developer exists, the required amount of the developer P required for circulation is below the developer P indicated by the arrow E in FIG. It can be passed to the stirring and conveying path 10 as a directional flow. Further, by retaining the developer P at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the bulk of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer P at a higher position can be reliably transferred to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer P indicated by an arrow K in FIG.

参考構成例3
次に、現像剤滞留手段80のつ目の参考構成例(以下、参考構成例3と呼ぶ)について説明する。
図19は参考構成例2の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図19に示すように参考構成例3の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給スクリュ8の搬送方向に対して上流方向に向かう風(図19中の矢印W)を発生させる送風手段である送風装置84を備えている。このような送風装置84を備えることにより、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に到達した現像剤Pは供給スクリュ8の搬送方向に対して逆方向に押圧される状態となる。これにより、図19に示すように、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤を滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤の必要量を図19中の矢印Eで示す現像剤の下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤を滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤を図19中の矢印Kで示す現像剤の上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
[ Reference Configuration Example 3 ]
Next, three eyes of Reference example configuration of a developer accumulation means 80 (hereinafter referred to as Reference Configuration Example 3) will be described.
FIG. 19 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 2 . As illustrated in FIG. 19, the developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 3 has, as the developer retention unit 80, a wind (upward in the conveyance direction of the supply screw 8) toward the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 ( A blower 84 is provided as a blower for generating the arrow W) in FIG. By providing such a blower 84, the developer P that has reached the most downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is pressed in a direction opposite to the transport direction of the supply screw 8. As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, the developer P can be retained at the positions of the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9.
By causing the developer to stay at the position of the excess opening 92, in the state where the staying developer is present, the required amount of developer required for circulation is the downward flow of the developer indicated by arrow E in FIG. Can be transferred to the agitation transport path 10. Further, by retaining the developer at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the volume of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer at a higher position can be reliably delivered to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer indicated by an arrow K in FIG.

参考構成例4
次に、現像剤滞留手段80のつ目の参考構成例(以下、参考構成例4と呼ぶ)について説明する。
図20は参考構成例1の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図20に示すように参考構成例4の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給搬送路9の余剰開口部92の位置よりも搬送方向下流側に現像剤Pが移動することを妨げる、くの字型壁面85を備える。このような、くの字型壁面85を備えることにより、下流端壁面82を備える参考構成例1と同様に、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤Pの必要量を図20中の矢印Eで示す現像剤Pの下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤Pを図20中の矢印Kで示す現像剤Pの上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
また、くの字型壁面85は図20に示すように上下方向についての中央部が供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流側に突き出した形状であるのため、突き出した分の滞留現像剤の嵩を増すことができる。このため、参考構成例1に比べて滞留現像剤の量が少ない状態で現像剤排出口94から現像剤を排出することが可能となる。
さらに、くの字型壁面85の下方の平面は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向(図20中の矢印L方向)に搬送されてきた現像剤が衝突すると、下方に跳ね返り、余剰開口部92の方向に向かうような平面となっている。このため、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達する現像剤量が減少して滞留現像剤が減少した状態で、供給スクリュ8によって搬送されてきた現像剤をより確実に余剰開口部92の方向に向かわせることができる。これにより、滞留現像剤が減少した状態でも循環に要する現像剤の必要量をより確実に攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。
[ Reference configuration example 4 ]
Next, four eyes of Reference example configuration of a developer accumulation means 80 (hereinafter referred to as Reference Configuration Example 4) will be described.
FIG. 20 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 1 . As shown in FIG. 20, the developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 4 has, as the developer retention unit 80, the transport direction in the transport direction more downstream than the position of the surplus opening 92 in the supply transport path 9. A dog-shaped wall surface 85 that prevents the developer P from moving downstream is provided. By providing such a dogleg-shaped wall surface 85, the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9, as in Reference Configuration Example 1 including the downstream end wall surface 82. The developer P can be retained at the position.
By retaining the developer P at the position of the surplus opening 92, in the state where the retained developer exists, the required amount of developer P required for circulation is below the developer P indicated by arrow E in FIG. It can be passed to the stirring and conveying path 10 as a directional flow. Further, by retaining the developer P at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the bulk of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer P at a higher position can be reliably delivered to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer P indicated by an arrow K in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIG. 20, the U-shaped wall surface 85 has a shape in which the central portion in the vertical direction protrudes to the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9. Can be increased. For this reason, it is possible to discharge the developer from the developer discharge port 94 in a state where the amount of the staying developer is small as compared with the reference configuration example 1 .
Further, when the developer conveyed in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 (in the direction of arrow L in FIG. 20) collides with the plane below the square-shaped wall surface 85, it bounces downward, and the excess opening 92 It is a plane that goes in the direction. For this reason, in a state where the amount of developer reaching the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is reduced and the staying developer is decreased, the developer transported by the supply screw 8 is more reliably transferred to the surplus opening 92. Can be directed in the direction. Thereby, even if the staying developer is reduced, the necessary amount of developer required for circulation can be more reliably delivered to the stirring and conveying path 10.

参考構成例5
次に、現像剤滞留手段80のつ目の参考構成例(以下、参考構成例5と呼ぶ)について説明する。
図21は参考構成例5の現像装置4の供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図である。図21に示すように参考構成例5の現像装置4は、現像剤滞留手段80として、供給搬送路9の搬送方向最下流端に、供給搬送路9の余剰開口部92の位置よりも搬送方向下流側に現像剤Pが移動することを妨げる下流端壁面82、及び、現像剤排出口94の下側に磁性板86を備えている。下流端壁面82を備えることにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤搬送方向について現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることができるようになる。
余剰開口部92の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、循環に要する現像剤Pの必要量を図21中の矢印Eで示す現像剤Pの下方向の流れとして攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。また、現像剤排出口94の位置で現像剤Pを滞留させることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達したときに、現像剤排出口94の最下点よりも高い位置となった現像剤Pを図21中の矢印Kで示す現像剤Pの上方向の流れとして排出搬送路2に確実に受け渡すことができる。
[ Reference configuration example 5 ]
Then, five or eyes of Reference example configuration of a developer accumulation means 80 (hereinafter referred to as Reference example configuration 5) will be described.
FIG. 21 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 5 . As shown in FIG. 21, the developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 5 has, as the developer retention unit 80, the transport direction in the transport direction more downstream than the position of the surplus opening 92 in the supply transport path 9. A downstream end wall 82 that prevents the developer P from moving downstream, and a magnetic plate 86 below the developer discharge port 94 are provided. By providing the downstream end wall surface 82, the developer P can be retained at the positions of the developer discharge port 94 and the excess opening 92 in the developer transport direction in the supply transport path 9.
By retaining the developer P at the position of the excess opening 92, in the state where the retained developer exists, the required amount of the developer P required for circulation is below the developer P indicated by the arrow E in FIG. It can be passed to the stirring and conveying path 10 as a directional flow. Further, by retaining the developer P at the position of the developer discharge port 94, the bulk of the retained developer increases, and when the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the lowest point of the developer discharge port 94 is reached. The developer P at a higher position can be reliably delivered to the discharge conveyance path 2 as an upward flow of the developer P indicated by an arrow K in FIG.

また、磁性板86を備えることにより、現像剤Pは磁性キャリアを含むため、搬送される勢いや供給スクリュ8の遠心力によって跳ね上げられて現像剤排出口94に向かった現像剤Pは磁性板86にひきつけられて排出が妨げられる。また、磁性板86に現像剤Pが付着している状態では、跳ね上げられて現像剤排出口94に向かった現像剤Pは磁性板86に付着する現像剤Pによって現像剤排出口94を通過することが妨げられる。このように、磁性板86によって、現像剤が跳ね上げられて現像剤排出口94から排出されることを防止することができるため、余剰開口部92に入らなかった現像剤をより確実に滞留させることができる。
一方、滞留現像剤の嵩が増加し、現像剤の嵩が現像剤排出口94の高さまで到達する状態では、磁性板86に付着する現像剤Pも押し上げられる状態となり、現像剤排出口94からの現像剤の排出が可能である。
In addition, since the developer P includes a magnetic carrier by providing the magnetic plate 86, the developer P that is spun up by the momentum being conveyed or the centrifugal force of the supply screw 8 toward the developer discharge port 94 is the magnetic plate. It is attracted to 86 and discharge is prevented. Further, in a state where the developer P is attached to the magnetic plate 86, the developer P that is bounced up toward the developer discharge port 94 passes through the developer discharge port 94 by the developer P that adheres to the magnetic plate 86. To be prevented. In this way, the magnetic plate 86 can prevent the developer from splashing up and being discharged from the developer discharge port 94, so that the developer that has not entered the excessive opening 92 is more reliably retained. be able to.
On the other hand, when the bulk of the staying developer increases and the volume of the developer reaches the height of the developer discharge port 94, the developer P adhering to the magnetic plate 86 is also pushed up. The developer can be discharged.

上述の実施形態では、現像装置4内で現像剤が搬送される現像剤搬送路として、供給搬送路9、回収搬送路7、及び、攪拌搬送路10の3つの現像剤搬送路を備える現像装置4について説明した。
本発明の特徴部である、供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍で循環開口部に入らなかった現像剤を滞留させる現像剤滞留手段を備え、滞留現像剤を通過させる位置に排出開口部を配置させる構成を適用可能な現像装置としては、3つの現像剤搬送路を備える現像装置に限るものではない。
以下、変形例として、3つの現像剤搬送路を備える現像装置とは異なる構成に本発明の特徴部を適用した現像装置と、参考構成例の現像装置とについて説明する。なお、変形例及び参考構成例の現像装置4を用いる画像形成装置としては、上述の実施形態の複写機500と同様のものを用いることができるので変形例及び参考構成例では画像形成装置全体の説明は省略する。
In the above-described embodiment, the developing device including the three developer transport paths of the supply transport path 9, the recovery transport path 7, and the stirring transport path 10 as the developer transport path in which the developer is transported in the developing device 4. 4 was explained.
A developer retaining means for retaining the developer that has not entered the circulation opening in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path, which is a feature of the present invention, and the discharge opening is disposed at a position where the retained developer passes. The developing device to which the configuration to be applied can be applied is not limited to a developing device having three developer conveyance paths.
Hereinafter, as a modified example, a developing device in which the characteristic part of the present invention is applied to a configuration different from a developing device including three developer conveyance paths, and the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 6 will be described. As the image forming apparatus using the developing device 4 of the modification and Reference configuration example 6, the above-described embodiments of the copying machine 500 and similar modifications and Reference configuration example 6, the image forming apparatus since it is possible to use a The entire description is omitted.

〔参考構成例
図22、図23は参考構成例の現像装置4の説明図である。図22は、参考構成例の現像装置4と感光体1とを示す概略構成図であり、図23は、参考構成例の現像装置4内の現像剤の流れを示す模式図であり、図中の各矢印は現像剤の移動方向を示している。
この現像装置4では、供給搬送部材である供給回収スクリュ401を備える供給搬送路である供給回収搬送路402と、循環搬送部材である攪拌スクリュ11を備える循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10との2つの現像剤搬送路を備える。供給回収搬送路402と攪拌搬送路10とは仕切り壁403によって仕切られ、仕切り壁403の現像ローラ5の軸方向両端部にはそれぞれ、循環開口部96と、供給開口部91とが設けられている。2つの現像剤搬送路で現像剤を互いに逆方向に搬送し、供給回収搬送路402の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤が循環開口部96を介して攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端に受け渡され、攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤が供給開口部91を介して供給回収搬送路402の搬送方向上流端に受け渡されることにより、現像装置4内を現像剤が循環する。この現像装置4では供給回収搬送路402内の現像剤が現像ローラ5の表面に供給され、現像ローラ5と感光体1との対向部である現像領域で現像に用いられる。そして、現像領域を通過した現像ローラ5上の現像剤は、供給回収搬送路402に回収される。なお、攪拌搬送路10の搬送方向上流端の循環開口部96の近傍には、トナー補給口95が設けられており、不図示のトナー濃度センサのセンサ出力に応じて、キャリアを含むプレミックストナーがトナー補給口95から補給される。
[Reference Configuration Example 6 ]
22 and 23 are explanatory views of the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 6. FIG. Figure 22 is a schematic structural view showing the developing device 4 of Reference example configuration 6 and the photosensitive member 1, 23 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the developer in the developing device 4 of Reference configuration example 6, Each arrow in the figure indicates the moving direction of the developer.
In the developing device 4, a supply / recovery conveyance path 402 that is a supply / conveyance path provided with a supply / recovery screw 401 that is a supply / conveyance member and a stirring / conveyance path 10 that is a circulation / conveyance path provided with a stirring screw 11 that is a circulation / conveyance member. Two developer conveyance paths are provided. The supply / recovery conveyance path 402 and the agitation conveyance path 10 are partitioned by a partition wall 403, and a circulation opening 96 and a supply opening 91 are provided at both ends of the partition wall 403 in the axial direction of the developing roller 5. Yes. The developer is transported in the opposite directions in the two developer transport paths, and the developer that has reached the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply and recovery transport path 402 passes through the circulation opening 96 to the upstream end in the transport direction of the stirring transport path 10. The developer that has been delivered and has reached the downstream end in the transport direction of the agitation transport path 10 is transferred to the upstream end in the transport direction of the supply and recovery transport path 402 via the supply opening 91, thereby allowing the developer in the developing device 4 to pass through. Circulates. In the developing device 4, the developer in the supply / recovery conveyance path 402 is supplied to the surface of the developing roller 5, and is used for development in a developing region that is a portion where the developing roller 5 and the photosensitive member 1 are opposed to each other. Then, the developer on the developing roller 5 that has passed through the developing region is collected in the supply / collection conveyance path 402. A toner replenishing port 95 is provided in the vicinity of the circulation opening 96 at the upstream end of the agitating / conveying path 10 in the conveying direction, and a premix toner including a carrier according to the sensor output of a toner density sensor (not shown). Is supplied from the toner supply port 95.

参考構成例の現像装置4は、図23に示すように、供給搬送路である供給回収搬送路402の搬送方向下流端に循環開口部96に入らなかった現像剤を循環開口部96の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段80を備えている。また、排出開口部である現像剤排出口94は、循環開口部96よりも上方で、且つ、現像剤滞留手段80によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち、現像剤排出口94の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されている。現像剤滞留手段80の具体例としては、実施例及び参考構成例1〜参考構成例5で説明した構成と同様のものを用いることができる。
そして、参考構成例の現像装置4でも、上述したような循環開口部96、現像剤滞留手段80及び現像剤排出口94を備えることにより、上述の実施形態と同様に、現像装置4内の現像剤の必要量を確保することができるので、感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。これにより、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。
As shown in FIG. 23, the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 6 uses the developer that has not entered the circulation opening 96 at the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply / recovery conveyance path 402, which is a supply conveyance path, in the vicinity of the circulation opening 96. The developer retention means 80 for retaining at 80 is provided. Further, the developer discharge port 94 that is a discharge opening is located above the circulation opening 96 and the development that has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94 among the retained developer retained by the developer retention means 80. It arrange | positions so that an agent may pass. As specific examples of the developer retaining means 80, the same configurations as those described in the embodiment and the reference configuration examples 1 to 5 can be used.
The developing device 4 of the reference configuration example 6 also includes the circulation opening 96, the developer retaining means 80, and the developer discharge port 94 as described above, so that the inside of the developing device 4 is similar to the above-described embodiment. Since the necessary amount of developer can be ensured, the developer can be stably supplied to the photoreceptor 1. As a result, the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 1 can be favorably converted into a toner image, an abnormal image such as image omission can be prevented, and good image formation can be performed.

〔変形例〕
図24、図25は変形例の現像装置4の説明図である。図24は、変形例の現像装置4と感光体1とを示す概略構成図であり、図25は、変形例の現像装置4内の現像剤の流れを示す模式図であり、図中の各矢印は現像剤の移動方向を示している。
この現像装置4では、供給搬送部材である供給スクリュ8を備える供給搬送路9と、循環搬送部材である回収スクリュ6を備える循環搬送路である回収搬送路7との2つの現像剤搬送路を備える。供給搬送路9と回収搬送路7とは仕切り壁403によって仕切られ、供給搬送路9は仕切り壁403を挟んで回収搬送路7の上方に位置する。また、仕切り壁403の現像ローラ5の軸方向両端部にはそれぞれ、循環開口部である余剰開口部92と、供給開口部91とが設けられている。2つの現像剤搬送路で現像剤を互いに逆方向に搬送し、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤が余剰開口部92を介して回収搬送路7の搬送方向上流端に受け渡され、回収搬送路7の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤が供給開口部91を介して供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端に受け渡されることにより、現像装置4内を現像剤が循環する。この現像装置4では供給搬送路9内の現像剤が現像ローラ5の表面に供給され、現像ローラ5と感光体1との対向部である現像領域で現像に用いられる。そして、現像領域を通過した現像ローラ5上の現像剤は、回収搬送路7に回収される。なお、回収搬送路7の搬送方向上流端の余剰開口部92の近傍には、トナー補給口95が設けられており、不図示のトナー濃度センサのセンサ出力に応じて、キャリアを含むプレミックストナーがトナー補給口95から補給される。
[Modification ]
Figure 24, Figure 25 is an explanatory view of the developing apparatus 4 of the modification. Figure 24 is a schematic structural view showing the developing device 4 of the modification and the photosensitive member 1, 25 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the developer in the developing device 4 of the modification, each of FIG. An arrow indicates the moving direction of the developer.
In this developing device 4, two developer transport paths are provided: a supply transport path 9 including a supply screw 8 serving as a supply transport member, and a recovery transport path 7 serving as a circulation transport path including a recovery screw 6 serving as a circulation transport member. Prepare. The supply conveyance path 9 and the collection conveyance path 7 are partitioned by a partition wall 403, and the supply conveyance path 9 is positioned above the collection conveyance path 7 across the partition wall 403. In addition, a surplus opening 92 that is a circulation opening and a supply opening 91 are provided at both ends of the partition wall 403 in the axial direction of the developing roller 5. The developer is transported in the opposite directions in the two developer transport paths, and the developer that has reached the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 is received by the upstream end in the transport direction of the recovery transport path 7 via the surplus opening 92. The developer that has passed and reaches the downstream end in the transport direction of the collection transport path 7 is transferred to the upstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 via the supply opening 91, whereby the developer circulates in the developing device 4. To do. In the developing device 4, the developer in the supply / conveyance path 9 is supplied to the surface of the developing roller 5, and is used for development in a developing region which is a facing portion between the developing roller 5 and the photoreceptor 1. Then, the developer on the developing roller 5 that has passed through the developing area is collected in the collecting conveyance path 7. A toner replenishing port 95 is provided in the vicinity of the surplus opening 92 at the upstream end of the collection transport path 7 in the transport direction, and a premix toner including a carrier is provided according to the sensor output of a toner density sensor (not shown). Is supplied from the toner supply port 95.

変形例の現像装置4は、図25に示すように、供給搬送路である供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に余剰開口部92に入らなかった現像剤を余剰開口部92の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段80を備えている。また、排出開口部である現像剤排出口94は、余剰開口部92よりも上方で、且つ、現像剤滞留手段80によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち、現像剤排出口94の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されている。現像剤滞留手段80の具体例としては、実施例及び参考構成例1〜参考構成例5で説明した構成と同様のものを用いることができる。
そして、変形例の現像装置4でも、上述したような余剰開口部92、現像剤滞留手段80及び現像剤排出口94を備えることにより、上述の実施形態と同様に、現像装置4内の現像剤の必要量を確保することができるので、感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。これにより、感光体1上の静電潜像を良好にトナー像化することができ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。
As shown in FIG. 25, the developing device 4 according to the modified example retains the developer that has not entered the surplus opening 92 near the surplus opening 92 at the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport 9 that is the supply transport. A developer retention means 80 is provided. Further, the developer discharge port 94 that is a discharge opening is located above the surplus opening 92 and the developer that has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94 among the retained developer retained by the developer retention means 80. It arrange | positions so that an agent may pass. As specific examples of the developer retaining means 80, the same configurations as those described in the embodiment and the reference configuration examples 1 to 5 can be used.
Further, the developing device 4 of the modified example also includes the developer in the developing device 4 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment by including the excessive opening 92, the developer retaining means 80, and the developer discharge port 94 as described above. Therefore, a stable developer can be supplied to the photoreceptor 1. As a result, the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 1 can be favorably converted into a toner image, an abnormal image such as image omission can be prevented, and good image formation can be performed.

また、参考構成例の現像装置4では、現像ローラ5に現像剤を供給する搬送路と、現像ローラ5に供給され現像領域を通過した現像剤を回収する搬送路とが共通である。よって、現像ローラに供給する搬送路の搬送方向下流側ほど現像ローラに供給する現像剤のトナー濃度が低下するという問題があった。現像ローラに供給するトナー濃度が低下すると、現像時の画像濃度も低下となる。
このような問題は、変形例に記載された現像装置4のように現像ローラ5への現像剤を供給する現像剤搬送路と、現像領域を通過した現像ローラ5上の現像剤を回収する現像剤搬送路とを異なる現像剤搬送路に設けることで解消することができる。
変形例の現像装置4では、現像領域を通過した現像剤は回収搬送路7に送られるため、供給搬送路9に混入することがない。これにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤のトナー濃度が変化することなく、現像ローラ5に供給される現像剤のトナー濃度も一定となる。
In the developing device 4 of Reference Configuration Example 6, the conveyance path for supplying the developer to the developing roller 5 and the conveyance path for collecting the developer that has been supplied to the developing roller 5 and passed through the development area are common. Therefore, there is a problem that the toner concentration of the developer supplied to the developing roller decreases toward the downstream side in the conveying direction of the conveying path supplied to the developing roller. When the toner density supplied to the developing roller decreases, the image density during development also decreases.
Such a problem is caused by the developer conveying path for supplying the developer to the developing roller 5 as in the developing device 4 described in the modification, and the development for collecting the developer on the developing roller 5 that has passed through the developing region. This can be solved by providing the developer transport path in a different developer transport path.
In the developing device 4 according to the modified example, the developer that has passed through the developing region is sent to the recovery conveyance path 7, so that it does not enter the supply conveyance path 9. Thereby, the toner concentration of the developer supplied to the developing roller 5 is constant without changing the toner concentration of the developer in the supply conveyance path 9.

なお、変形例の現像装置4では、回収搬送路7で回収と攪拌とを行い、現像箇所を通過した回収現像剤が攪拌の途中にも落ちるため、十分に攪拌がなされていない状態の現像剤が供給搬送路9に向かうおそれがある。攪拌が不十分な現像剤が供給搬送路9に供給されると、供給搬送路9内の現像剤全体のトナー濃度が低下するという問題が生じる。このような問題は、回収現像剤のトナー濃度が低下する高印字率の画像ほど顕著となる。
このような問題は、上述の実施形態で説明した供給搬送路9、回収搬送路7、及び、攪拌搬送路10の3つの現像剤搬送路を備える現像装置4であれば解消することができる。実施形態の現像装置4であれば、回収搬送路7とは別に攪拌搬送路10を備えるため、攪拌の途中に現像領域を通過した回収現像剤が落ちることがなく、十分に攪拌がなされた現像剤を供給搬送路9に受け渡すことができる。これにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤のトナー濃度を安定させることができる。
In the developing device 4 of the modified example, the developer is collected and agitated in the collection conveyance path 7, and the collected developer that has passed through the development portion falls in the middle of the agitation, so that the developer is not sufficiently agitated. May head toward the supply conveyance path 9. When the developer with insufficient stirring is supplied to the supply conveyance path 9, there arises a problem that the toner concentration of the entire developer in the supply conveyance path 9 is lowered. Such a problem becomes more conspicuous as an image having a high printing rate in which the toner concentration of the collected developer is lowered.
Such a problem can be solved by the developing device 4 including the three developer transport paths of the supply transport path 9, the recovery transport path 7, and the agitation transport path 10 described in the above embodiment. In the developing device 4 of the embodiment, since the agitating and conveying path 10 is provided separately from the collecting and conveying path 7, the collected developer that has passed through the developing region does not fall during the agitation and the development is sufficiently agitated. The agent can be transferred to the supply conveyance path 9. Thereby, the toner density of the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 can be stabilized.

以上、本実施形態によれば、現像剤担持体である現像ローラ5と、現像ローラ5に現像剤を供給しながら現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って現像剤を搬送する供給搬送路9と、供給搬送路9内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する供給搬送部材である供給スクリュ8と、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤を供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端に搬送する循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10と、攪拌搬送路10内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する循環搬送部材である攪拌スクリュ11とを有し、通過した現像剤が攪拌搬送路10に受け渡される循環開口部である余剰開口部92を供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に備え、通過した現像剤が現像装置4の外に排出される排出開口部である現像剤排出口94を供給搬送路9に備える現像装置4において、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達し、余剰開口部92に入らなかった現像剤を余剰開口部92の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段80を備え、現像剤排出口94は、余剰開口部92よりも上方で、且つ、現像剤滞留手段80によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち現像剤排出口94の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されており、この現像装置4であれば、滞留現像剤が現像剤排出口94の位置に達する量だけ存在しないと現像剤排出口94から現像剤は排出されず、滞留現像剤が存在している状態では、攪拌搬送路10に必要量の現像剤が向かうことで攪拌搬送路10から供給搬送路9へも必要量の現像剤が供給されるため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を維持している状態となる。すなわち、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量よりも多い状態とならないと、現像剤排出口94から現像剤が排出されないため、現像装置4内の現像剤量が必要量を維持することができる。よって、現像剤担持体である現像ローラ5から潜像担持体である感光体1に安定した現像剤の供給を行うことができる。
また、参考構成例1のように、現像剤滞留手段80が、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流端の壁面である下流端壁面82であることにより、簡素の構成で、余剰開口部92近傍に現像剤を滞留させることができる。
また、実施例のように、現像剤滞留手段80は、供給搬送路9の現像剤搬送方向最下流端で供給スクリュ8とは逆方向の搬送力を発生させる逆搬送部材としての逆スクリュ81であっても、余剰開口部92近傍に現像剤を滞留させることができる。さらに、逆スクリュ81で現像剤排出口94及び余剰開口部92を配置した位置を通り過ぎた現像剤Pを押し戻すことにより、軸受に現像剤Pが入り込むことを防止し、軸受の破損を防止することができる。
また、現像剤排出口94と余剰開口部92とは供給搬送路9の現像剤搬送方向についての位置の少なくとも一部が重複するように、現像剤排出口94と余剰開口部92とが、供給搬送路9の現像剤搬送方向について同じ位置にある。このような構成により、余剰開口部92の近傍で現像剤を滞留させることで、供給搬送路9から攪拌搬送路10に受け渡す現像剤量と、現像装置4の外に排出する現像剤量のバランスをとることが容易となる。
また、供給搬送路9の搬送方向下流側で排出仕切り壁135を挟んで供給搬送路9と隣り合うよう配置され、供給搬送路9から現像剤排出口94を通過した現像剤を現像装置4外に搬送する排出搬送路2を備え、現像剤排出口94は供給搬送路9と排出搬送路2を連通するように排出仕切り壁135に設けられていることにより、仕切り壁に開口部を設けるという簡易な構成で、供給搬送路9から現像剤を排出する構成を実現することができる。
また、攪拌搬送路10は供給循環仕切り壁である第一仕切り壁133を挟んで供給搬送路9の下方で隣り合うように配置され、余剰開口部92は供給搬送路9と攪拌搬送路10とを連通するように第一仕切り壁133に設けられていることにより、落とし穴のように余剰現像剤を下方向へ落とし、効率よく余剰現像剤を攪拌搬送路10に受け渡すことができる。
また、供給搬送部材は回転軸とらせん状の羽部とからなり、回転軸を中心に回転することにより現像剤に搬送力を付与する供給スクリュ8であることにより、供給搬送路9内の現像剤を搬送する構成を実現することができ、現像剤排出口94はその最下部が供給スクリュ8の羽部の最上部よりも高い位置となることにより、滞留現像剤の嵩が現像剤排出口94に達する状態では、現像剤が滞留する位置では供給スクリュ8の全体が滞留現像剤に埋まった状態となる。供給スクリュ8が滞留現像剤に埋まった状態であると、供給スクリュ8の回転による現像剤の飛び跳ねを防止することができ、現像装置4内の現像剤量が増加していない状態で、現像剤が飛び跳ねることで現像装置4の外に排出されることをより確実に防止することができる。
また、感光体1と対向する現像領域を通過後の現像ローラ5の表面上から離脱した現像剤を回収して現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、供給スクリュ8と同方向に搬送する回収搬送部材である回収スクリュ6を備えた回収搬送路7を有し、循環搬送路である攪拌搬送路10は、供給搬送路9の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤と、回収搬送路7の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤との供給を受け、現像ローラ5の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、供給スクリュ8とは逆方向に現像剤を搬送して供給搬送路9の搬送方向上流端に供給することにより、現像領域を通過した現像ローラ5上の現像剤が供給搬送路9内に混入することが無いため、供給搬送路9内の現像剤のトナー濃度が低下することを防止できる。さらに、現像剤領域を通過した現像ローラ5上の現像剤が攪拌搬送路10の途中で混入することがないので、十分に攪拌がなされた現像剤を供給搬送路9に受け渡すことができ、供給搬送路9内の現像剤のトナー濃度を安定させることができる。
また、少なくとも潜像担持体である感光体1と、感光体1表面を帯電させるための帯電手段である帯電器と、感光体1上に静電潜像を形成するための潜像形成手段である光書込ユニット21と、静電潜像を現像してトナー像化するための現像手段とを有する画像形成装置である複写機500が、現像手段として、現像装置4を用いることにより、現像装置4を備えることにより、現像剤を入れ替えることで現像装置4の寿命を延ばしつつ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる。
また、潜像を担持する潜像担持体である感光体1と、感光体1上の潜像を現像する現像手段とを備える画像形成装置である複写機500における少なくとも感光体1と現像手段とを1つのユニットとして共通の保持体に保持させて複写機500本体に対して着脱可能にしたプロセスカートリッジ18が現像手段として現像装置4を備えることにより、現像剤を入れ替えることで現像装置4の寿命を延ばしつつ、画像抜けなどの異常画像の発生を防止し、良好な画像形成を行うことができる現像装置4の複写機500に対する着脱を容易にすることができる。
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the developing roller 5 that is a developer carrying member, the supply conveyance path 9 that conveys the developer along the axial direction of the developing roller 5 while supplying the developer to the developing roller 5, A supply screw 8 that is a supply conveyance member that applies a conveyance force to the developer in the supply conveyance path 9, and a developer that has reached the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 is the upstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9. The agitating and conveying path 10 that is a circulating conveying path that conveys the toner and the agitating screw 11 that is a circulating and conveying member that imparts a conveying force to the developer in the agitating and conveying path 10, and the developer that has passed through the agitating and conveying path A developer that is a discharge opening that is provided with a surplus opening 92 that is a circulation opening that is transferred to the path 10 in the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 and that passes the developer out of the developing device 4. A developing device provided with a discharge port 94 in the supply conveyance path 9 4, a developer staying means 80 is provided to make the developer that has reached the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path 9 and did not enter the surplus opening 92 stay in the vicinity of the surplus opening 92. Is disposed so as to allow the developer that has reached the position of the developer discharge port 94 out of the retained developer retained by the developer retaining means 80 to pass above the surplus opening 92. In the case of the apparatus 4, the developer is not discharged from the developer discharge port 94 unless the remaining developer reaches the position of the developer discharge port 94. The required amount of developer is supplied from the agitating and conveying path 10 to the supply and conveying path 9 when the required amount of developer is directed to the path 10, so that the amount of developer in the developing device 4 is maintained at the required amount. It becomes a state. That is, if the amount of developer in the developing device 4 does not exceed the required amount, the developer is not discharged from the developer discharge port 94, so that the amount of developer in the developing device 4 can maintain the required amount. it can. Therefore, a stable developer can be supplied from the developing roller 5 as the developer carrying member to the photosensitive member 1 as the latent image carrying member.
Further, as in Reference Configuration Example 1 , the developer retaining means 80 is a downstream end wall surface 82 which is a wall surface at the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9, so that it has a simple structure and is located in the vicinity of the excess opening 92. Developer can be retained.
Also, as in the embodiment, the developer staying means 80, the supply screw 8 in the developer conveyance direction downstream end of the supply conveyance path 9 in the reverse screw 81 as a reverse conveying member to generate a conveying force in the opposite direction Even if it exists, the developer can be retained in the vicinity of the excess opening 92. Furthermore, by pushing back the developer P that has passed the position where the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 are disposed with the reverse screw 81, the developer P is prevented from entering the bearing and the bearing is prevented from being damaged. Can do.
Further, the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 are supplied by the developer discharge port 94 and the surplus opening 92 so that at least a part of the position of the supply transport path 9 in the developer transport direction overlaps. It is at the same position in the developer conveyance direction of the conveyance path 9. With such a configuration, the amount of developer delivered from the supply conveyance path 9 to the agitation conveyance path 10 and the amount of developer discharged out of the developing device 4 by retaining the developer in the vicinity of the surplus opening 92 are set. It becomes easy to balance.
Further, the developer that is disposed adjacent to the supply conveyance path 9 with the discharge partition wall 135 sandwiched downstream in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path 9 and that has passed through the developer discharge port 94 from the supply conveyance path 9 is removed from the developing device 4. And the developer discharge port 94 is provided in the discharge partition wall 135 so as to communicate the supply transport path 9 and the discharge transport path 2, thereby providing an opening in the partition wall. A configuration in which the developer is discharged from the supply conveyance path 9 can be realized with a simple configuration.
In addition, the agitation transport path 10 is disposed adjacent to the lower side of the supply transport path 9 with the first partition wall 133 that is a supply circulation partition wall interposed therebetween, and the surplus opening 92 is provided between the supply transport path 9 and the agitation transport path 10. By providing the first partition wall 133 so as to communicate with each other, excess developer can be dropped downward like a pit, and the excess developer can be efficiently transferred to the agitation transport path 10.
Further, the supply conveyance member is composed of a rotation shaft and a spiral wing portion, and is a supply screw 8 that imparts a conveyance force to the developer by rotating around the rotation shaft, thereby developing in the supply conveyance path 9. The developer discharging port 94 has a lowermost portion that is higher than the uppermost portion of the wing portion of the supply screw 8, so that the volume of the staying developer is increased. In the state reaching 94, the entire supply screw 8 is buried in the staying developer at the position where the developer stays. When the supply screw 8 is buried in the staying developer, the developer can be prevented from jumping due to the rotation of the supply screw 8, and the developer in the state where the amount of the developer in the developing device 4 is not increased. Can be more reliably prevented from jumping out of the developing device 4 by jumping off.
Further, the developer separated from the surface of the developing roller 5 after passing through the developing region facing the photoreceptor 1 is collected and conveyed along the axial direction of the developing roller 5 and in the same direction as the supply screw 8. The agitating and conveying path 10 having a collecting and conveying path 7 having a collecting screw 6 that is a collecting and conveying member and a circulating and conveying path includes a developer conveyed to the most downstream side in the conveying direction of the supply conveying path 9, and a collection Supplyed with the developer transported to the most downstream side in the transport direction of the transport path 7, transports the developer along the axial direction of the developing roller 5, and in the direction opposite to the supply screw 8. By supplying the upstream end of the path 9 in the transport direction, the developer on the developing roller 5 that has passed through the developing region is not mixed into the supply transport path 9, so the toner density of the developer in the supply transport path 9 Can be prevented from decreasing. Furthermore, since the developer on the developing roller 5 that has passed through the developer region is not mixed in the middle of the stirring and conveying path 10, the sufficiently stirred developer can be transferred to the supply and conveying path 9, The toner density of the developer in the supply conveyance path 9 can be stabilized.
Further, at least a photosensitive member 1 as a latent image carrier, a charger as a charging unit for charging the surface of the photosensitive member 1, and a latent image forming unit for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member 1. A copying machine 500, which is an image forming apparatus having a certain optical writing unit 21 and a developing unit for developing an electrostatic latent image into a toner image, uses the developing device 4 as a developing unit to develop the image. By providing the device 4, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal images such as image omission and improve image formation while extending the life of the developing device 4 by replacing the developer.
In addition, at least the photosensitive member 1 and the developing unit in the copying machine 500 that is an image forming apparatus including the photosensitive member 1 that is a latent image carrier that carries a latent image and a developing unit that develops the latent image on the photosensitive member 1. The process cartridge 18 that is held on a common holding body as a unit and is detachable from the main body of the copying machine 500 includes the developing device 4 as the developing means, so that the life of the developing device 4 can be changed by replacing the developer. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal images such as missing images and to easily attach and detach the developing device 4 capable of forming a good image with respect to the copying machine 500.

本実施形態に係る複写機の概略構成図。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a copier according to an embodiment. 現像装置及び感光体の概略構成図。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a developing device and a photoreceptor. 現像剤の流れを説明する現像装置の斜視断面図。FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the developing device for explaining the flow of the developer. 現像装置内の現像剤の流れの模式図。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a developer flow in a developing device. 現像装置の断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing of a developing device. 図4とは異なる形状の現像装置内の現像剤の流れの模式図。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a developer flow in a developing device having a shape different from that in FIG. 4. 現像装置の外観斜視図。FIG. 現像装置から攪拌スクリュ、回収スクリュ、及び、現像ドクタを取り外した状態の手前側端部近傍の斜視説明図。FIG. 6 is a perspective explanatory view of the vicinity of the front end in a state where the stirring screw, the recovery screw, and the developing doctor are removed from the developing device. 図8に示す現像装置から供給スクリュを取り外した状態の手前側近傍の斜視説明図。FIG. 9 is an explanatory perspective view of the vicinity of the near side in a state where a supply screw is removed from the developing device shown in FIG. 8. 図9に示す現像装置から現像ローラを取り外した状態の手前側近傍の斜視説明図。FIG. 10 is a perspective explanatory view of the vicinity of the near side in a state where the developing roller is removed from the developing device shown in FIG. 9. 図10に示す現像装置を図10とは異なる方向から見た斜視説明図。FIG. 11 is an explanatory perspective view when the developing device shown in FIG. 10 is viewed from a direction different from FIG. 10. 現像剤量が少ない状態の現像装置の断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the developing device in a state where the developer amount is small. 現像剤量が少ない状態の現像装置の側方断面説明図。Side surface explanatory drawing of the image development apparatus of a state with little developer amount. 現像剤量が多い状態の現像装置の断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the developing device in a state where the amount of developer is large. 現像剤量が多い状態の現像装置の側方断面説明図。Side surface explanatory drawing of the image development apparatus of a state with much developer amount. 実施例の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of a downstream end in a conveyance direction of a supply conveyance path of the developing device according to the embodiment. 参考構成例1の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the vicinity of a downstream end in a conveyance direction of a supply conveyance path of the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 1 ; 参考構成例2の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path of the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 2 . 参考構成例3の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path of the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 3 . 参考構成例4の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path of the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 4 . 参考構成例5の現像装置の供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍の拡大模式図。FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view near the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path of the developing device of Reference Configuration Example 5 . 参考構成例の現像装置と感光体とを示す概略構成図。FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a developing device and a photoconductor of Reference Configuration Example 6 . 参考構成例の現像装置内の現像剤の流れを示す模式図。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flow of a developer in a developing device of Reference Configuration Example 6 . 変形例の現像装置と感光体とを示す概略構成図。FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a developing device and a photoreceptor according to a modification. 変形例の現像装置内の現像剤の流れを示す模式図。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a developer flow in a developing device according to a modification.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 感光体
2 排出搬送路
2a 排出スクリュ
4 現像装置
5 現像ローラ
6 回収スクリュ
7 回収搬送路
8 供給スクリュ
9 供給搬送路
10 攪拌搬送路
11 攪拌スクリュ
12 ドクタブレード
14 張架ローラ
15 駆動ローラ
16 二次転写バックアップローラ
17 中間転写ユニット
18 プロセスカートリッジ
20 画像形成ユニット
21 光書込ユニット
22 二次転写装置
23 張架ローラ
24 紙搬送ベルト
25 定着装置
26 定着ベルト
27 加圧ローラ
80 現像剤滞留手段
81 逆スクリュ
82 下流端壁面
83 バネ付き板
84 送風装置
85 くの字型壁面
86 磁性板
90 ベルトクリーニング装置
91 供給開口部
92 余剰開口部
93 回収開口部
94 現像剤排出口
95 トナー補給口
96 循環開口部
100 プリンタ部
110 中間転写ベルト
133 第一仕切り壁
134 第二仕切り壁
135 排出仕切り壁
401 供給回収スクリュ
402 供給回収搬送路
403 仕切り壁
500 複写機
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photoconductor 2 Discharge conveyance path 2a Discharge screw 4 Developing apparatus 5 Developing roller 6 Collecting screw 7 Collection conveyance path 8 Supply screw 9 Supply conveyance path 10 Stirring conveyance path 11 Stirring screw 12 Doctor blade 14 Stretching roller 15 Drive roller 16 Secondary Transfer backup roller 17 Intermediate transfer unit 18 Process cartridge 20 Image forming unit 21 Optical writing unit 22 Secondary transfer device 23 Stretching roller 24 Paper transport belt 25 Fixing device 26 Fixing belt 27 Pressure roller 80 Developer retaining means 81 Reverse screw 82 downstream end wall 83 spring plate 84 air blower 85 U-shaped wall 86 magnetic plate 90 belt cleaning device 91 supply opening 92 surplus opening 93 recovery opening 94 developer discharge port 95 toner supply port 96 circulation opening 100 Printer section 10 the intermediate transfer belt 133 first partition wall 134 a second partition wall 135 discharge partition wall 401 supplies the recovery screw 402 supply collection conveyance path 403 partition wall 500 copier

Claims (7)

現像剤を表面上に担持して回転し、潜像担持体と対向する箇所で該潜像担持体の表面の潜像にトナーを供給して現像する現像剤担持体と、
該現像剤担持体に現像剤を供給しながら該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って現像剤を搬送する供給搬送路と、
該供給搬送路内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する供給搬送部材と、
該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端に到達した現像剤を該供給搬送路の搬送方向上流端に搬送する循環搬送路と、
該循環搬送路内の現像剤に対して搬送力を付与する循環搬送部材とを有し、
通過した現像剤が該循環搬送路に受け渡される循環開口部を該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に備え、
通過した現像剤が現像装置の外に排出される排出開口部を該供給搬送路に備える現像装置において、
該供給搬送路は、該循環搬送路の上方に位置し、
該供給搬送路の搬送方向下流端近傍に到達し、該循環開口部に入らなかった現像剤を該循環開口部の近傍で滞留させる現像剤滞留手段を備え、
該排出開口部は、該循環開口部よりも上方で、且つ、該現像剤滞留手段によって滞留した滞留現像剤のうち該排出開口部の位置に達した現像剤を通過させるように配置されており、
上記供給搬送部材は回転軸とらせん状の羽部とからなり、回転軸を中心に回転することにより現像剤に搬送力を付与する供給スクリュであり、
上記現像剤滞留手段は、該供給搬送路の現像剤搬送方向最下流端で該供給スクリュとは逆方向の搬送力を発生させる逆搬送部材であり、
上記排出開口部はその最下部が該供給スクリュの羽部の最上部よりも高い位置となり、
該排出開口部の該供給スクリュの搬送方向についての位置が、該逆搬送部材を設けた位置よりも上流側であり、
上記排出開口部を設けた位置近傍の上記供給搬送路は、当該位置近傍に対して現像剤搬送方向上流側の該供給搬送路よりも狭くなっていることを特徴とする現像装置。
A developer carrying member that rotates by carrying a developer on the surface, and supplies toner to the latent image on the surface of the latent image carrying member at a position facing the latent image carrying member;
A supply conveyance path for conveying the developer along the axial direction of the developer carrier while supplying the developer to the developer carrier;
A supply conveyance member that applies conveyance force to the developer in the supply conveyance path;
A circulation conveyance path for conveying the developer that has reached the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path to the upstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path;
A circulation conveyance member that applies a conveyance force to the developer in the circulation conveyance path;
A circulation opening through which the developer that has passed is transferred to the circulation conveyance path is provided near the downstream end in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path,
In the developing device provided in the supply conveyance path with a discharge opening through which the developer that has passed is discharged out of the developing device,
The supply conveyance path is located above the circulation conveyance path,
A developer retaining means for retaining the developer that has reached the vicinity of the downstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path and has not entered the circulation opening, in the vicinity of the circulation opening;
The discharge opening is arranged above the circulation opening and to pass the developer that has reached the position of the discharge opening among the retained developer retained by the developer retention means. ,
The supply conveyance member is a supply screw that includes a rotation shaft and a spiral wing, and applies a conveyance force to the developer by rotating around the rotation shaft.
The developer retention means is a reverse conveying member that generates a conveying force in a direction opposite to the supply screw at the most downstream end in the developer conveying direction of the supply conveying path.
The discharge opening is at a position where the lowermost part is higher than the uppermost part of the wing part of the supply screw,
Position in the conveyance direction of the supply screw of the outlet opening, Ri upstream der than the position in which a inverse conveying member,
The said supply path near the position provided with the discharge opening, a developing device according to claim that you have narrower than the supply conveyance path the developer conveying direction upstream side relative to the position near.
請求項1の現像装置において、
上記排出開口部と上記循環開口部とは上記供給搬送路の現像剤搬送方向についての位置の少なくとも一部が重複することを特徴とする現像装置。
The developing device according to claim 1.
The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge opening and the circulation opening overlap at least a part of a position in the developer transport direction of the supply transport path.
請求項1または2の現像装置において、
上記供給搬送路の搬送方向下流側で仕切り壁を挟んで該供給搬送路と隣り合うよう配置され、該供給搬送路から上記排出開口部を通過した現像剤を現像装置外に搬送する排出搬送路を備え、該排出開口部は該供給搬送路と該排出搬送路を連通するように該仕切り壁に設けられていることを特徴とする現像装置。
The developing device according to claim 1 or 2,
A discharge conveyance path that is arranged adjacent to the supply conveyance path with a partition wall sandwiched downstream in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path, and conveys the developer that has passed through the discharge opening from the supply conveyance path to the outside of the developing device. And the discharge opening is provided in the partition wall so as to communicate the supply conveyance path and the discharge conveyance path.
請求項1、2または3の現像装置において、
上記循環搬送路は供給循環仕切り壁を挟んで上記供給搬送路の下方で隣り合うように配置され、上記循環開口部は該供給搬送路と該循環搬送路とを連通するように該供給循環仕切り壁に設けられていることを特徴とする現像装置。
The developing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
The circulation conveyance path is disposed adjacent to the supply conveyance path below the supply circulation partition wall, and the circulation opening is connected to the supply circulation partition so as to communicate the supply conveyance path and the circulation conveyance path. A developing device provided on a wall.
請求項1、2、3または4の現像装置において、
上記潜像担持体と対向する箇所を通過後の上記現像剤担持体の表面上から離脱した現像剤を回収して該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、上記供給スクリュと同方向に搬送する回収搬送部材を備えた回収搬送路を有し、
該回収搬送部材は回転軸とらせん状の羽部とからなり、回転軸を中心に回転することにより現像剤に搬送力を付与する回収スクリュであり、
上記循環搬送路は、該供給搬送路の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤と、該回収搬送路の搬送方向の最下流側まで搬送された現像剤との供給を受け、該現像剤担持体の軸線方向に沿って、且つ、該供給スクリュとは逆方向に現像剤を搬送して該供給搬送路の搬送方向上流端に供給することを特徴とする現像装置。
The developing device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4,
The developer separated from the surface of the developer carrier after passing through the portion facing the latent image carrier is collected, and along the axial direction of the developer carrier, and in the same direction as the supply screw Having a collection conveyance path with a collection conveyance member to convey
The recovery conveyance member is a recovery screw that includes a rotation shaft and a spiral blade, and applies a conveyance force to the developer by rotating around the rotation axis.
The circulation conveyance path receives supply of the developer conveyed to the most downstream side in the conveyance direction of the supply conveyance path and the developer conveyed to the most downstream side in the conveyance direction of the recovery conveyance path, and the development A developing device characterized in that the developer is transported along the axial direction of the agent carrier and in the direction opposite to the supply screw and supplied to the upstream end in the transport direction of the supply transport path.
少なくとも潜像担持体と、
該潜像担持体表面を帯電させるための帯電手段と、
該潜像担持体上に静電潜像を形成するための潜像形成手段と、
該静電潜像を現像してトナー像化するための現像手段とを有する画像形成装置において、
該現像手段として、請求項1、2、3、4または5に記載の現像装置を用いることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
At least a latent image carrier;
Charging means for charging the surface of the latent image carrier;
Latent image forming means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the latent image carrier;
In an image forming apparatus having developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image into a toner image,
An image forming apparatus using the developing device according to claim 1 as the developing means.
潜像を担持する潜像担持体と、該潜像担持体上の潜像を現像する現像手段とを備える画像形成装置における少なくとも該潜像担持体と該現像手段とを1つのユニットとして共通の保持体に保持させて画像形成装置本体に対して着脱可能にしたプロセスカートリッジにおいて、
上記現像手段として、請求項1、2、3、4または5の何れかに記載の現像装置を用いたことを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。
In an image forming apparatus comprising a latent image carrier that carries a latent image and a developing unit that develops the latent image on the latent image carrier, at least the latent image carrier and the developing unit are shared as one unit. In the process cartridge that is held by the holding body and is detachable from the image forming apparatus main body,
A process cartridge using the developing device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 as the developing means.
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