JP5438105B2 - Lighting device and lighting system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an illumination device and an illumination system that include a light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode).

  In recent years, light-emitting elements such as LEDs have been used for general illumination from the viewpoint of considering the global environment. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses an illuminating device that converts an AC voltage supplied from a commercial power source into a DC voltage by a rectifying and smoothing circuit, and lights the LED array with constant current control while applying the DC voltage to the LED array. ing. Patent Document 1 discloses an AC lighting type lighting device in which an AC voltage supplied from a commercial power supply is directly applied to an LED array.

Special table 2008-54469 gazette

http://www.ednjapan.com/content/issue/2006/09/idea/idea01.html

  By the way, a phase control device using a triac or the like has been widely used as a dimming device for an incandescent bulb. Since the circuit configuration of the phase control device is simple, it is conceivable to apply it not only to incandescent bulbs but also to LED lighting devices. The incandescent light bulb has a unique atmosphere in which the color temperature of the emitted color decreases (redness increases) as the brightness decreases due to dimming. Also in the LED lighting device, depending on the application, it is conceivable to change the color temperature of the emitted color in accordance with the change in brightness due to light control.

  However, since the lighting device of Non-Patent Document 1 is a method of dimming by changing the setting of the current value in constant current control, dimming using a phase control device is not assumed. Further, in the illumination device of Patent Document 1, although the phase control device can be applied, the color temperature of the emission color cannot be changed according to the light control level.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an illuminating device including a light emitting element such as an LED, which can be dimmed and can change the color temperature of a light emission color according to the dimming level. To do.

  A lighting device according to the present invention is a lighting device that receives phase-controlled alternating current power, includes a plurality of light emitting units, and the plurality of light emitting units are composed of two or more types of light emitting units having different emission colors. The ratio of the number of light emitting units inserted in series in the power supply path and the number of each light emitting color in the light emitting units included in the light emitting unit array changes according to the voltage supplied to the light emitting unit array and the light emitting unit array. And switch means for switching the electrical connection relationship of the plurality of light emitting units included in the light emitting unit array.

  According to the said structure, the light emission part inserted in series in the electric power supply path among the several light emission parts contained in the light emission part array lights. Dimming can be realized because the number of light-emitting parts that are lit changes according to the voltage supplied to the light-emitting part array. Furthermore, since the ratio of the number of light emission colors in the light emitting section that is turned on at that time changes, the color temperature of the light emission color can be changed according to the light control level.

The partially cutaway figure which shows schematic structure of the lightbulb-shaped illuminating device concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the illumination circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Table of voltage supplied to LED array, number of switch elements to be turned on, and composite color of light emission of LED array The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the illumination circuit which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Table of voltage supplied to LED array, number of switch elements to be turned on, and composite color of light emission of LED array The figure which shows the change of the number of LED inserted in a power supply path in the case of performing on / off control of FET according to the table shown in FIG. Table showing the phase angle of the AC voltage, the voltage supplied to the LED array, and the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path The figure which shows the time change of the number of LED inserted in series in an electric power supply path in three types of light control levels. The figure which shows the internal structure of the microcomputer 12 Table of voltage phase of AC power supply, number of switch element to be turned on, and composite color of light emission of LED array Flow chart showing the operation of the microcomputer Diagram showing the relationship between AC power supply cycle and voltage sampling interval Circuit diagram showing a modification of the LED configuration Circuit diagram showing a modification of the LED configuration The figure which illustrates arrangement | positioning of LED in a light emitting module The figure which shows the modification of a light emitting module Circuit diagram showing a modification of the LED configuration Diagram showing the configuration of the lighting system

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view showing a schematic configuration of a light bulb-shaped lighting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  The lighting device 1 has an external shape imitating an incandescent bulb. The cylindrical case 2 is formed of an insulating material such as resin, and an E-type base 3 is provided at one end and a disk-shaped heat sink 5 is provided at the other end. A lighting device 4 is accommodated in the internal space of the case 2 sealed with the base 3 and the heat sink 5. A light emitting module 6 is mounted on the surface of the heat sink 5 opposite to the case sealing surface, and a glove 7 covering the light emitting module 6 is attached.

  The light emitting module 6 is formed by arranging a wiring pattern on the surface of a substrate 6a, mounting an LED chip 6b on the wiring pattern, and enclosing the LED chip 6b with a resin molding member 6c. The resin molding member 6c contains a material (for example, a phosphor substance) that converts the wavelength of light emitted from the LED chip 6b, and functions as a wavelength conversion member. A part of the emitted light of the LED chip 6b is wavelength-converted while passing through the inside of the resin molding member 6c, and is mixed with light emitted as it is without being wavelength-converted to be light having a desired color temperature. When the desired color temperature is achieved by the combination of the LED chip and the resin molded member containing the wavelength conversion material, the combination of the LED chip and the resin molded member part containing the LED chip corresponds to the “light emitting part”. When a desired color temperature is realized only by the LED chip, the LED chip corresponds to the “light emitting unit”.

  In the present embodiment, the light emitting module 6 is mounted with four types of LEDs whose emission color temperatures are 2800 [K], 3500 [K], 5000 [K], and 6700 [K].

  When the base 3 is attached to the lighting fixture, power is supplied from a commercial AC power source. The supplied power is sent to the light emitting module 6 via the lighting device 4. Hereinafter, the lighting circuit provided in the lighting device 4 and the light emitting module 6 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the illumination circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the lighting circuit 10, a rectifying / smoothing circuit is configured by the diode bridge DB and the electrolytic capacitor C1. The rectifying / smoothing circuit is connected to the AC power supply AC via the current fuse and the triac 15. In addition, an LED array composed of a total of 48 LEDs of 8 sets from LED1 to LED8 is connected to the secondary side of the rectifying and smoothing circuit. The emission colors of the LEDs are set in units of sets, and in this embodiment, the color temperature is set so as to increase in order from LED 1 to LED 8 as follows.

LED1: 2800 [K]
LED2: 2800 [K]
LED3: 3500 [K]
LED 4: 3500 [K]
LED5: 5000 [K]
LED6: 5000 [K]
LED7: 6700 [K]
LED8: 6700 [K]
The node N0 of the LED array is connected to the plus terminal of the diode bridge DB. The node N1 at the end of the LED 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode bridge DB via the switch element FET1. The node N2 at the end of the LED 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode bridge DB via the switch element FET2. Similarly, the node N3 to the node N8 are connected to the negative terminal of the diode bridge DB via the switch elements FET3-FET8, respectively.

  The microcomputer 12 functions to control on / off of the switch elements FET1 to FET8 according to the voltage supplied to the LED array. As a specific product of the microcomputer 12, for example, PIC18F252 manufactured by Microchip Technology Co., Ltd. can be used. A DC power supply unit 11 is connected to the power supply terminal Vin of the microcomputer 12. The DC power supply unit 11 generates a DC voltage 5 [V] to operate the microcomputer 12. A voltage divider composed of resistance elements R1, R2 is connected to the analog input terminal Ain. Thereby, the microcomputer 12 can detect the DC voltage supplied to the LED array. The digital output terminals DO0 to DO7 are connected to gate terminals of switch elements FET1 to FET8, respectively. A set of the switch element and the microcomputer 12 functions as a switch unit that switches the connection relationship of 48 LEDs included in the LED array.

  A polyswitch 14 serving as an overcurrent protection element is inserted between the LED array and the positive terminal of the diode bridge DB, and this also prevents excessive current from flowing through the LED array. The polyswitch 14 is a kind of PTC thermistor, and for example, LVR005S manufactured by Tyco Electronics Raychem Co., Ltd. can be used. In particular, there may be a case where the number of LEDs connected in series becomes too small with respect to the instantaneous voltage value of the AC power supply due to a delay in calculation of the microcomputer 12 and an unstable operation. In such a case, if the polyswitch 14 is provided, it is possible to prevent an overcurrent from flowing through the LED. If there is a function as an overcurrent protection element, not only the PTC thermistor but also a current fuse or the like can be used. However, since the PTC thermistor can be restored again due to a decrease in temperature, it is more convenient than a current fuse that requires replacement every time it is blown.

  With the above configuration, the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path from the AC power supply AC can be switched by turning on and off the switch elements FET1 to FET8. For example, when FET1 is on and FET2-FET8 is off, six LEDs included in LED1 are inserted in series in the power supply path and lit. When FET2 is on and FET1 and FET3-8 are off, twelve LEDs included in LED1 and LED2 are inserted in series in the power supply path and lit.

  When the number of LEDs is switched, the ratio of the number of light emission colors in the LEDs included in the number is switched accordingly. For example, when LEDs 1 and 2 are lit, 12 LEDs of 2800 [K] are included with respect to the total number of 12 lit LEDs. Therefore, as shown below, the color temperature of the emission color of the LED array is 2800 [K].

2800 [K] x 12 [pieces] / 12 [pieces]
= 2800 [K]
Further, for example, when the LEDs 1 to 3 are turned on, 12 LEDs of 2800 [K] and 6 LEDs of 3500 [K] are included with respect to the total number of LEDs to be turned on. Therefore, as shown below, the color temperature of the emission color of the LED array (the color temperature of the composite color) is 3000 [K], which is the average of them.

(2800 [K] × 12 [pieces] +3500 [K] × 6 [pieces]) / 18 [pieces]
= 3033 [K]
≈ 3000 [K]
Thus, the color temperature of the light emission color of the LED array can be changed.

  FIG. 3 shows a table of voltages supplied to the LED array, switch element numbers to be turned on, and composite colors of light emission of the LED array.

When the AC voltage of the AC power supply is 110 [V], the voltage supplied to the LED array varies from about 15 [V] to 155 [V] depending on the dimming level. When the dimming level is maximum (rated lighting), a voltage of 155 [V] is supplied to the LED array. At this time, since the microcomputer 12 turns on the switch element FET8, the LED1-LED8 is turned on, and as a result, the color temperature of the emission color of the LED array becomes 4500 [K]. When the light control level of the triac 15 is lowered, the LED 8 to the LED 1 are not lit in descending order, so that the brightness of the LED array is lowered and the color temperature of the light emission color of the LED is lowered. Go. Thereby, the characteristic equivalent to the case where the incandescent light bulb is dimmed and lit can be realized in the LED lighting device.
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an illumination circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, the LED array is lit in direct current, whereas in the second embodiment, the LED array is lit in alternating current. Therefore, in the second embodiment, a rectifier circuit is provided instead of the rectifier smoothing circuit. In addition, the configuration of the LED array has been changed so as to be suitable for AC lighting. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In the LED array, eight sets of LEDs 1 to 8, a total of 46 LEDs, are connected in series. The number of LEDs and the color temperature included in each set are as follows.

LED1: 9 pieces, 2800 [K]
LED2: 8 pieces, 2800 [K]
LED3: 8 pieces, 3500 [K]
LED4: 7 pieces, 3500 [K]
LED5: 6 pieces, 5000 [K]
LED6: 4 pieces, 5000 [K]
LED7: 3 pieces, 6700 [K]
LED8: 1 piece, 6700 [K]
The total number N of LEDs is determined by the following relational expression.

N = Veff × 1.1 × √2 / Vf
Here, the reference voltage (effective value) of the AC power supply is Veff [V], and the voltage induced when a specified current is passed through the LED alone is Vf [V]. The specification current refers to a current value that can optimally maintain the light emission efficiency of the LED, or a current value that is suitable for heat dissipation design and lighting conditions in the use environment when designing a lighting fixture.

  In this embodiment, since Veff = 100 [V] and Vf = 3.4 [V], N = 46 [pieces]. The voltage obtained by Veff × 1.1 × √2 is 1.1 times the peak voltage of the AC power supply. The voltage of commercial AC power supply has a tolerance of about ± 10%. By multiplying by 1.1, it is considered that excessive current does not flow through the LED even when the voltage of the AC power supply rises by 10% within a tolerance range.

  FIG. 5 shows a table of voltages supplied to the LED array, switch element numbers to be turned on, and composite colors of light emission of the LED array.

  The microcomputer 12 detects the voltage (instantaneous value) supplied to the LED array, and turns on the switch element FET corresponding to the detected voltage. Thereby, the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path can be switched. Further, when the number of LEDs is switched, the ratio of the number of LEDs included in the number for each emission color is switched. As a result, the color temperature of the emission color of the LED array can be changed. In this embodiment, since the number of LEDs included in each set of LED1 to LED8 is different from that in the first embodiment, the emission color of the LED array for each switch element to be turned on is different from that in the first embodiment. Different.

  FIG. 6 shows a change in the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path when FET on / off control is performed according to the table shown in FIG. Here, a range from 0 [deg] to 90 [deg] (corresponding to the first half of the half cycle of the AC power supply) is shown. Moreover, the broken line in the figure indicates the voltage of the AC power supply having a peak voltage of 155 [V].

  If the voltage is in the range from 0 [V] to 30 [V], FET1 is turned on and FET2-8 is turned off. At this time, nine LEDs included in the LED 1 are inserted in series in the power supply path.

  If the voltage is in the range from 31 [V] to 59 [V], FET2 is turned on and FETs 1 and 3-8 are turned off. At this time, 17 LEDs included in LED1 and LED2 are inserted in series in the power supply path.

  Thereafter, similarly, as the voltage increases, the number of LEDs inserted in series increases, and in the range from 153 [V] to 155 [V], all 46 LEDs included in LED1-LED8. LEDs are inserted in series in the power supply path.

  Further, as is apparent from the table, in the range from 91 [deg] to 180 [deg] (corresponding to the latter half of the half cycle of the AC power supply), LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path as the voltage decreases. The number of will decrease.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the number of LEDs in each range is set to a value obtained by dividing Vf [V] from the voltage instantaneous value in the corresponding range. For example, when the instantaneous voltage value is 0 [V] to 30 [V], the number of LEDs is obtained by dividing the instantaneous voltage value 30 [V] by the LED specification voltage 3.4 [V]. Nine. Therefore, in each range, an appropriate number of LEDs are connected in series according to the instantaneous voltage value of the AC power supply. Each range is determined so that the half cycle of the AC voltage (from 0 [deg] to 90 [deg] in phase angle) is roughly divided into eight equal parts.

  FIG. 7 is a table showing the phase angle of the AC voltage, the voltage supplied to the LED array, and the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path. As shown in FIG. 7A, in Japan, since the reference voltage of the AC power supply is 100 [V], the instantaneous value peak of the AC voltage is 155 [V] in consideration of the tolerance of ± 10 [%]. Assumed. In the section where the phase angle is 0 [deg] to 11 [deg], the number of LEDs inserted in series is from the instantaneous voltage value 30 [V] when the phase angle is 11 [deg] to the LED specification voltage Vf. = 9 [pieces] obtained by dividing 3.4 [V]. The same calculation is performed in other sections.

  7B shows a case where the reference voltage of an AC power source such as Europe is 230 [V], and FIG. 7C shows a case where the reference voltage of an AC power source such as the United States is 120 [V]. ) Is a table when the reference voltage of an AC power source in China or the like is 110 [V]. These are also created in the same manner as in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows changes over time in the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path at three dimming levels. Along with the time variation of the number of LEDs, the triac gate signal and the supply voltage to the lighting device are also represented.

  FIG. 8A shows a case where the light control level is set to the maximum. When the triac 15 is used, the supply voltage rises slightly after the zero cross even if the dimming level setting is maximized. In the period from the zero cross to the voltage rise, the number of LEDs connected in series is zero. In the period from the rise of the voltage to the next zero cross, the number of LEDs connected in series is switched according to the detected voltage.

  FIG. 8B shows a case where the dimming level setting is an intermediate value. In this case, the voltage does not rise until the phase reaches 90 [deg], and the number of LEDs connected in series is zero. The voltage rises when the phase is 90 [deg], and thereafter, the number of LEDs connected in series is switched according to the detected voltage.

  FIG. 8C shows a case where the light control level is set to the minimum. When the triac 15 is used, when the dimming level setting is minimized, the voltage rises near the end of the half cycle and power is supplied for a short period. Since a DC voltage of about 15 [V] can be secured from this power, the microcomputer 12 can operate even when the dimming level is set to a minimum.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the lighting period of the LED array can be changed according to the dimming level. Therefore, dimming lighting by phase control is possible. When the dimming is turned on, the LED array blinks every half cycle of the AC voltage, but cannot be perceived by the human eye, and the averaged brightness is perceived. Similarly, in the present embodiment, the color temperature of the LED array sequentially changes during a half cycle of the AC voltage, but the human eye perceives the averaged color temperature. The sensory color difference is called a color difference (ΔE), and is defined as follows from the uv chromaticity coordinates of the tristimulus values of colors in the CIE uniform color space and L luminance.

ΔE (CIE LUV) = ((ΔL) ² + (Δu) ² + (Δv) ² ) ^1/2
In the present embodiment, the LED is turned on with an alternating current (strictly, a full-wave rectified pulsating flow), so that no electrolytic capacitor for smoothing is required. Accordingly, the size of the case of the bulb-shaped lighting device can be reduced, and as a result, the lighting device can be reduced in size. The electrolytic capacitor is a main element that determines the life of the power supply circuit. Since this is not used, the life of the power supply circuit can be stably extended.
(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, the elapsed time from the zero cross of the AC voltage is handled as information indicating the voltage supplied to the LED array. The circuit configuration itself of the lighting circuit is the same as that of the second embodiment, but the operation of the microcomputer 12 is different from that of the second embodiment.

  FIG. 9 shows the internal configuration of the microcomputer 12. The microcomputer 12 includes an analog / digital converter 121, a timer 122, a CPU 123, a ROM 124, a RAM 125, an input port 126 and an output port 127. The input port 126 is provided with an analog input terminal Ain and digital input terminals DI0 and DI1. The output port 127 is provided with digital output terminals DO0 to DO7. The CPU 123 operates according to programs and data stored in the ROM 124 and RAM 125.

  FIG. 10 shows a table of the voltage phase of the AC power supply, the number of the switch element to be turned on, and the composite color of the light emission of the LED array. The voltage phase of the AC power supply corresponds to the elapsed time from the zero cross, and the number of the switch element that is turned on corresponds to the number of LEDs inserted in series.

  In the voltage phase column, a range from 0 [deg] to 180 [deg] (corresponding to a half cycle of the AC power supply) is divided into 16 sections. In the FET number column, the number of the FET that is turned on in each section is shown.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cycle of the AC power supply and the voltage sampling interval.

  First, when the DC voltage 5 [V] is input to the power supply terminal Vin of the microcomputer 12 by turning on the power to the lighting device 1, the microcomputer 12 performs initialization (step S11).

  Next, the frequency of the AC power supply is detected (step S12), the AC waveform is sampled immediately after the power is turned on, and the frequency is automatically calculated. If the frequency is 50 [Hz] (step S13: 50 Hz), the phase 90 [deg] is associated with 5 [ms] (step S14). If the frequency is 60 [Hz] (step S13: 60 Hz), the phase 90 [deg] ] Is associated with 4.16 [ms] (step S15).

  Next, the input of the analog input terminal Ain is received (step S16), the timer 122 is reset (step S17), and the LEDs are turned off by turning off all of the FETs 1-8 (step S18).

  Next, the zero crossing of the voltage of the AC power supply is detected (step S19). If a zero cross is detected (step S19: YES), it waits for a certain sampling interval (step S20), and determines whether the voltage of the AC power supply has risen (step S21). If the voltage has not risen (step S21: NO), as long as the phase has not reached 180 [deg] (step S22: NO), the sampling interval is waited (step S20) and the voltage rise is determined (step S21). repeat. If the phase reaches 180 [deg] without detecting the rise of the voltage, the process returns to step S17.

  In phase control using the triac 15, the timing at which the voltage rises changes according to the setting of the dimming level. The timing at which the voltage rises can be detected by the determination operation. As shown in FIG. 12, the sampling interval is an interval obtained by dividing one section into 10 or more. In the present embodiment, since the half cycle is divided into 16 sections, one section is 0.521 [ms] at 60 [Hz] and 0.625 [ms] at 50 [Hz]. Therefore, for example, the sampling interval is set to 50 [μs] at 60 [Hz] and 62 [μs] at 50 [Hz]. Further, the “rising of voltage” includes a case where the voltage changes from 0 [V] to a positive value and a case where the voltage changes from 0 [V] to a negative value.

  If the rise of the voltage of the AC power supply is detected (step S21: YES), the time indicated by the timer is read to detect the time Δt from when the zero cross is detected until the rise of the voltage is detected. (Step S23).

  Next, the phase corresponding to the detected time Δt is specified, FETn (n is an integer of 1 to 8) to be turned on according to the table shown in FIG. 10 (step S24), and the specified FETn Is turned on (step S25). When the phase is specified from the time Δt, the result of steps S13 to S15 is used.

  Next, it waits for the time corresponding to the n-th section with the FETn turned on (step S26), and determines whether the phase is less than 90 [deg], just 90 [deg], or greater than 90 [deg]. (Step S27). If the phase is less than 90 [deg], the numerical value n is incremented (step S28), and the process returns to step S25. If the phase is exactly 90 [deg], the numerical value n is maintained as it is (step S29), and the process returns to step S25. If the phase is larger than 90 [deg], the numerical value n is decremented (step S31), and the process returns to step S25 unless the phase exceeds 180 [deg] (step S30: NO). When this operation is repeated, the number of LEDs connected in series increases with an increase in phase in the interval from 0 [deg] to 90 [deg], and in the interval from 90 [deg] to 180 [deg]. As the phase increases, the number of LEDs connected in series decreases.

  If the phase reaches 180 [deg] (step S30: YES), the process returns to step S17. Thereby, the same operation is repeated every half cycle.

  In the present embodiment, the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path is switched according to the elapsed time from the zero cross of the AC voltage. Since the waveform and effective value of the AC voltage are known, the elapsed time from the zero cross corresponds to the instantaneous value of the AC voltage. Therefore, even in this embodiment, it can be said that the number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path is switched according to the AC voltage.

  Further, in the second embodiment, when the reference voltage (effective value) of the AC power supply is lowered within the tolerance range, the LED 8 is always turned off, and there is a possibility that illuminance unevenness occurs. However, in the present embodiment, since the number of LEDs to be turned on is switched according to the elapsed time from the zero cross, such a situation does not occur.

As mentioned above, although the illuminating device based on this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, this invention is not limited to these embodiment. For example, the following modifications can be considered.
(1) In the second and third embodiments, the AC voltage is full-wave rectified by the diode bridge DB and the full-wave rectified voltage is supplied to the LED array. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the diode bridge DB may be eliminated and positive and negative AC voltages may be supplied to the LED array as they are. In the positive lighting circuit (LED1-LED8), the source terminals of the FET1-FET8 are connected to the node N22. In the negative lighting circuit (LED9-LEDG), each source terminal of the FET9-FET16 is connected to the node N21. That is, the positive lighting circuit and the negative lighting circuit are connected to the AC power source in antiparallel. The microcomputer 22 selectively turns on the FET 1-8 and turns off any of the FETs 9-16 when the voltage of the AC power supply is a positive half cycle. On the other hand, in the negative half cycle of the AC power supply voltage, the FET 9-16 is selectively turned on, and all of the FETs 1-8 are turned off.

According to this, since half of the LEDs are turned off during a half cycle, it is possible to reduce thermal stress. Further, since the diode bridge DB is eliminated, the number of parts can be reduced. For these reasons, further miniaturization and longer life can be achieved.
(2) In the embodiment, considering the tolerance of the AC voltage, the total number of LEDs is derived from the peak value 155 [V] of the AC voltage to 46. However, how to handle the tolerance of ± 10 [%] depends on the design concept of the designer, and the total number of LEDs is not necessarily derived from 155 [V]. For example, the total number of LEDs may be derived from the peak value 141 [V] of the AC voltage to be 42. In this case, when the AC voltage rises within the tolerance range, much of the overvoltage becomes heat, but the rated life of the LED can be ensured by providing a margin in the heat dissipation design. In addition, the rated life of the LED can be somewhat reduced.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 14, it is good also as providing resistance R3 for overvoltage protection. In the configuration of FIG. 14, when the instantaneous value of the AC voltage becomes equal to or higher than 144 [V], the FET 7 is turned on and a current flows through the resistor R3. Thereby, it can prevent that overvoltage will be applied to LED.
(3) FIG. 15 illustrates the arrangement of LEDs in the light emitting module. In FIG. 15, a different pattern is given for each emission color. In FIGS. 15A and 15D, LEDs of one emission color are collected and arranged in one region. Further, in FIGS. 15B, 15C, 15E, and 15F, LEDs of one emission color are arranged in a plurality of regions. By dispersively arranging in this way, the respective emission colors can be mixed effectively. Further, in FIGS. 15B, 15C, 15E, and 15F, the centroid positions of the respective emission colors are further arranged to coincide with each other. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the color nonuniformity in an irradiation surface can be suppressed. Moreover, it is good also as arrange | positioning LED8 lighted last at the time of alternating current lighting in the center vicinity. This is because, in the case of a lamp shape, it is more beautiful in terms of texture when the center part is turned on last, and for suppressing uneven illumination when irradiated with a reflector when using a secondary optical system, etc. Because it will be.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15F, a reflecting plate 6d may be provided. Thereby, effective use of light can be aimed at.
(4) The following method can be adopted as a method of changing the emission color of the LED.

  A. Different types of phosphors are contained in the resin molded member 6c.

  B. The optical path lengths passing through the resin molding member 6c are varied.

  C. The phosphor concentration contained in the resin molded member 6c is varied.

  D. The LED emission color itself is made different.

In the above A, for example, a red phosphor, an orange phosphor, a green phosphor, a blue phosphor and the like can be appropriately selected and used. A specific example of B is shown in FIG. In this example, the submount 6e is used to vary the distance from the upper surface of the resin molded member 6c to the LED into four types. Thereby, even if it uses single fluorescent substance, the color temperature of the luminescent color of each LED can be varied. A specific example of C is shown in FIG. In this example, the color temperature of the emission color of each LED can be varied by varying the concentration of the phosphor dispersed in the resin molding member 6c in the thickness direction. In D, for example, a red LED, a green LED, a blue LED, or the like can be used.
(5) The human eye is highly sensitive to light having a wavelength of 555 [nm] in photopic vision and sensitive to light having a wavelength of 507 [nm] in dark vision. In other words, the peak of relative luminosity in scotopic vision is on the shorter wavelength side than the peak of relative luminosity in photopic vision. Therefore, as a lighting device that can be seen well in a dark environment, there may be a specification that increases the color temperature of the light emission color of the LED array as the dimming level decreases. In order to realize such a specification, for example, the color temperature may be set so as to decrease sequentially from LED1 to LED8 as follows.

LED1: 6700 [K]
LED2: 6700 [K]
LED3: 5000 [K]
LED 4: 5000 [K]
LED5: 3500 [K]
LED6: 3500 [K]
LED7: 2800 [K]
LED8: 2800 [K]
(6) In the embodiment, there are four types of emission colors. However, if there are two or more types, the effects of the present invention can be achieved.
(7) In the embodiment, the LEDs are inserted into the power supply path in units of groups, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is good also as inserting LED in a power supply path per unit.
(8) In the embodiment, an illuminating device having an external shape similar to an incandescent bulb is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this. The triac is provided outside the lighting device, but may be built in the lighting device.
(9) In the third embodiment, the voltage rising detection from the zero cross point is detected while looking at the voltage change at the analog input terminal of the microcomputer. However, it may be detected by a certain threshold voltage using the digital input terminal. . In this case, since the microcomputer does not require an analog input terminal, an inexpensive microcomputer can be used.
(10) In the second and third embodiments, the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 are arranged closer to the AC power supply side than the diode bridge DB and the AC voltage is detected. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 may be arranged on the load side of the diode bridge DB, and the AC voltage that has been full-wave rectified may be detected. In the embodiment, a method of detecting a specific voltage using a voltage dividing resistor is adopted for voltage detection. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a differential detection method using a Zener diode and a photocoupler may be adopted.
(11) In the third embodiment, the processing is sequentially executed according to the operation flow. However, in order to increase the processing speed, multitask control by interrupt processing by zero-cross detection may be performed. However, because there is a risk of malfunction due to irregular zero crossing due to abnormal signals that may occur rarely with zero cross interrupts, zero crossing that occurs irregularly using frequency information detected at the beginning of the operation flow is regarded as zero crossing It is good also as not detecting.
(12) In the embodiment, the half wavelength of the AC voltage, that is, from 0 [deg] to 90 [deg] is divided into approximately eight equal parts, but the number of divisions is not limited to this and may be two or more. .
(13) In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the interval obtained by dividing one lighting section into 10 is set as the sampling interval, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the number of divisions may be increased to 100, 1000, etc. in order to increase the accuracy of lighting and extinguishing timing.
(14) The operation of the triac 15 is stabilized when a load is connected to the secondary side. Since the lit LED becomes a load during the period when the LED is lit, the triac 15 can stably operate. On the other hand, since neither LED1-LED8 works as a load during the period when the LEDs are turned off, the operation of the triac 15 may be unstable. Therefore, in order to stably operate the triac 15 even when the LED is off, a resistor, a light emitting element, or a diode is inserted in series or in parallel on the secondary side of the triac 15, and a load current of several tens [mA] flows. You may do it. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the LED configuration. A load (resistor R4) is connected to the secondary side of the triac via an internal circuit of the microcomputer 12. In the example of FIG. 17, the load (resistor R4) is passed through the switch element 128 built in the microcomputer 12, but the switch element 128 is not necessary when the load is always connected.

  The load of the resistor, the light emitting element, and the diode may be always connected, but the period from the zero cross to the detection of the voltage rise during the half cycle of the AC voltage, that is, the LED is turned off. It may be connected only during a certain period. By doing so, power consumption can be reduced. In the example of FIG. 17, the load is applied to the load (resistor R4) until the microcomputer 12 detects the rising of the voltage from the zero cross in the half cycle of the AC voltage, and the rising of the voltage is detected. This can be realized by stopping energization of the load (resistor R4) during the period until the next zero cross. Energization and stoppage can be realized by on / off control of a switch element 128 built in the microcomputer 12.

  In addition, when the dimming level setting is close to the minimum, even if the LED is lit, sufficient load current may not flow to stably operate the triac. Therefore, when the maximum number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path during the half cycle of the AC voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined number, a load is connected only during the period when the LEDs are off, and when the number is less than the predetermined number May be connected at all times. For example, when the voltage rises up to the first half of the half cycle (phase angle is 0 to 90 [deg]), all LEDs in the LED array are lit when the phase angle is 90 [deg]. In this case, the maximum number of LEDs that are lit during the half cycle is the total number of LEDs included in the LED array. When the voltage rises in the second half of the half cycle (phase angle is 91 to 180 [deg]), the maximum number of LEDs that are lit during the half cycle is determined according to the phase angle when the voltage rises. If the microcomputer 12 detects the rising edge of the voltage, the microcomputer 12 can specify the maximum number of LEDs that are lit during a half cycle from the phase angle at that time. Therefore, if the maximum number is greater than or equal to the predetermined number, the load is connected only during a period when the LED is turned off in the next half cycle, and if it is less than the predetermined number, the load is always connected in the next half cycle. Is possible.

The load connection point may be on the secondary side of the triac, and may be the primary side (AC side) of the diode bridge or the secondary side (pulsating flow side) of the diode bridge.
(15) In the embodiment, the wavelength conversion member is the resin molded member 6c containing the wavelength conversion material, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the wavelength conversion member may be a glass member or a ceramic member containing a wavelength conversion material.
(16) The lighting device of the above embodiment can be used as a lighting system in combination with a lighting fixture to which the lighting device is attached. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the illumination system. The lighting system includes a lighting device 1 and a lighting fixture 100. The luminaire 100 is attached to an attachment surface 103 such as a ceiling, and includes a bowl-shaped reflecting mirror 101 and a socket 102. The lighting device 1 is attached to the lighting fixture 100 by screwing the base of the lighting device 1 into the socket 102.

  The present invention can be used for general lighting.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Illuminating device 2 Case 3 Base 4 Lighting device 5 Heat sink 6 Light emitting module 6a Substrate 6b LED chip 6c Resin molding member 6d Reflector 6e Submount 7 Globe 10 Lighting circuit 11 DC power supply part 12, 22 Microcomputer 14 Poly switch 15 Triac 100 Illumination Instrument 101 Reflector 102 Socket 103 Mounting surface 121 Analog to digital converter 122 Timer 123 CPU
124 ROM
125 RAM
126 Input port 127 Output port 128 Switch element

Claims (12)

A lighting device that receives supply of phase-controlled AC power,
A light emitting unit array including a plurality of light emitting units, wherein the plurality of light emitting units are composed of two or more types of light emitting units having different emission colors;
The light emitting unit array is configured such that the ratio of the number of light emitting units inserted in series in the power supply path and the number of light emitting units included in the light emitting unit is changed according to the voltage supplied to the light emitting unit array. Switch means for switching the electrical connection relationship of the plurality of light emitting units included in the lighting device. The switch means includes a plurality of light emitting units included in the light emitting unit array such that the combined color temperature of the light emitting units included therein increases or decreases as the number of light emitting units inserted in series in the power supply path increases. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the electrical connection relationship of the light emitting units is switched. And a rectifying / smoothing circuit for rectifying and smoothing the AC power,
The plurality of light emitting units are connected in series to the wiring in the order of the color temperature of the emission color, one end of the wiring is connected to the plus terminal of the rectifying and smoothing circuit, and a plurality of nodes from one end to the other end of the wiring are respectively Connected to the negative terminal of the rectifying and smoothing circuit through a separate switch element;
3. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the switch unit turns on a switch element of a node farther from the one end of the plurality of nodes as a voltage supplied to the light emitting unit array is higher. . Furthermore, including a rectifier circuit for rectifying the AC power,
The plurality of light emitting units are connected in series to the wiring in the order of the color temperature of the light emission color, one end of the wiring is connected to the plus terminal of the rectifier circuit, and a plurality of nodes from one end to the other end of the wiring are separately provided. Is connected to the negative terminal of the rectifier circuit through the switch element of
3. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the switch unit turns on a switch element of a node farther from the one end of the plurality of nodes as a voltage supplied to the light emitting unit array is higher. . When the total number of the plurality of light emitting units is N [pieces], the effective voltage value of the AC power supply is Veff [V], and the voltage induced when a specified current is passed through the light emitting unit alone is Vf [V]. ,
N = Veff × 1.1 × √2 / Vf
The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein: Each of the light emitting units includes a light emitting chip, and a wavelength conversion member containing a wavelength conversion material that converts the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting chip,
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting units have different emission colors by different types of the wavelength conversion materials. Each of the light emitting units includes a light emitting chip, and a wavelength conversion member containing a wavelength conversion material that converts the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting chip,
The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting units have different emission colors by changing the optical path lengths passing through the inside of the wavelength conversion member.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting units are configured by light emitting chips having different emission colors.   Furthermore, the load is connected to the said light emission part array in parallel, The illuminating device of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Further, during the half cycle of the AC voltage of the AC power, the load is energized during a period from the zero cross until the rise of the voltage is detected, and during the period from the detection of the voltage rise to the next zero cross. The lighting device according to claim 9, further comprising a control unit that stops energization of the load. Furthermore, when the maximum number of LEDs inserted in series in the power supply path during a half cycle of the AC voltage of the AC power is a predetermined number or more, the load is energized only during a period when the LEDs are turned off. The lighting device according to claim 9, further comprising a control unit that always connects the load when the number is less than a predetermined number.   A lighting system comprising: the lighting device according to claim 1; and a lighting fixture to which the lighting device is attached.

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