JP5421139B2 - Concrete placement reference height display device and concrete placement surface leveling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a concrete placement reference height display device for displaying a reference for leveling the upper surface of the concrete to be placed to a predetermined height, and to level the concrete placement surface to a predetermined height. Regarding the method.

Conventionally, in order to finish the top surface to a predetermined height by placing concrete, display bars that indicate the height of the finished surface are placed in multiple locations, and the concrete is based on the reference line marked on the display bar. We are working on leveling the top surface. As the display bar, a bar-shaped member such as steel or plastic can be used, and many are used in which a reference line indicating the height of the finished surface of concrete is displayed with a tape or the like.
The concrete is poured by using the reference line marked on the display bar as a guide, and air bubbles taken in by the vibration caused by the vibrator are eliminated to prevent voids in the concrete. Then, when the concrete is poured to the vicinity of the reference line marked on the display bar, the surface is leveled using a “leveling iron” or the like. At this time, the display bar is removed or embedded in the concrete.

A technique for displaying a position serving as a reference for the height of the finished surface by irradiating laser light above the upper surface of the concrete to be placed instead of the display bar as described above is disclosed.
For example, in the concrete floor finishing device described in Patent Document 1, a laser beam projection device that emits laser light is fixed to a reinforcing bar of a building to be constructed, and a predetermined height above the finished height of the concrete surface to be placed. Then, a laser beam is irradiated. The laser light is applied to an appliance that levels the finished surface of the concrete, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled based on the irradiated position.

JP 2001-152668 A

When the display bar is used as described above, the position of the display bar may be shifted due to the vibration of the vibrator, and the height of the finished surface may not be accurately displayed. In addition, it is necessary to set up many display bars within the range of the concrete to be placed, which increases the amount of work. Furthermore, there is a problem that voids are easily generated in the concrete by embedding or removing the display bar.
On the other hand, in the concrete floor finishing device described in Patent Document 1, since the laser beam projection device is fixed to the reinforcing bar of the building, when the gradient is to be formed on the upper surface of the concrete to be placed, the gradient of the concrete finished surface The laser beam cannot be set so as to be irradiated along the line.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a simple concrete placement reference height display device capable of accurately displaying a position serving as a reference for the height of the top surface of the concrete to be placed, Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for leveling the concrete casting surface, which can level the top surface of the concrete to be cast to a predetermined height with high accuracy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a laser light generator that emits laser light, a laser light generator that supports the laser light generator, and the laser light emitted from the laser light generator is around. A rotating part that rotates so as to be projected; a support base that supports the rotating part; and a motor that is supported by the support base and that rotates the rotating part. The rotating part is supported so that the angle at which the rotation center axis is inclined in all directions with respect to the vertical direction can be adjusted. The rotating part moves the support plate provided on the support base in the vertical direction. A rotary shaft that is supported by the support plate via a bearing, and a rotary plate that is fixed to a lower end of the rotary shaft, and the laser light generator is located below the support plate. Supported by a rotating plate, Out direction to provide a concreting reference height display apparatus characterized by being arranged such that the central axis of rotation at right angles with the rotating part.

  In this concrete placement reference height display device, when the top surface of the concrete to be placed is finished to have a slope, the inclination angle of the rotation center axis can be adjusted according to the slope. Therefore, the rotation center axis can be set to be perpendicular to the concrete finish surface, and laser light can be emitted in parallel to the concrete finish surface. By leveling the upper surface of the concrete with reference to the position where the laser beam is irradiated, it is possible to finish the upper surface of the placed concrete easily and accurately even when the upper surface of the concrete has a gradient.

Further, in this concrete placement reference height display device, the laser light generator can be arranged and rotated below the device. That is, the laser beam can be projected at a height close to the surface on which the apparatus is installed. For example, when the concrete is sequentially cast in the horizontal direction, if this concrete placement reference height display device is installed in the area where the concrete has been placed first, the height will be close to the top surface of the concrete to be placed next. Laser light can be irradiated. Thereby, the height of the finished surface can be easily grasped, and the finished surface can be leveled with high accuracy.

The invention according to claim 2 supports the concrete placement reference height display device according to claim 1 at substantially the same height as the top surface of the concrete to be placed in the vicinity of the concrete placement range, and the rotation The central axis is set to be perpendicular to the top surface of the concrete to be placed, and the rotating part is driven to rotate, and a laser beam is emitted from the laser light generator to irradiate the photoreceptor in the concrete placing range. And providing a leveling method for the concrete placement surface, characterized by leveling the upper surface of the concrete with the irradiation position of the laser beam irradiated to the photoreceptor as a reference height.

  In this method of leveling the concrete casting surface, the rotation center axis of the rotating plate that supports the laser light generator is adjusted to be perpendicular to the concrete finishing surface. Even if has a gradient, it is possible to emit a laser beam parallel to the concrete finish surface. Therefore, the finished surface having a gradient is finished quickly and accurately by setting the position at which the laser beam is irradiated to the photoreceptor as the reference height and leveling the top surface of the concrete so that it is always the same height from the light receiving position. It becomes possible.

The invention according to claim 3, in leveling method concrete casting surface according to claim 2, the step of setting so that the upper surface and vertical concrete for pouring the rotation central axis, said rotating portion Rotating and emitting laser light, and installing the support base so that the laser light is irradiated at the same height from the top surface of the concrete to be placed at at least three positions in the concrete placement range And

  In this method of leveling the concrete casting surface, the rotation center axis of the rotating part that supports the laser beam generator is set perpendicular to the top surface of the concrete to be cast, and is always parallel to the top surface of the concrete to which the laser beam is cast. It is possible to easily perform the operation of setting to be injected.

The invention according to claim 4 is the concrete casting surface leveling method according to claim 2 or claim 3 , wherein the photoreceptor is attached to the upper surface of a leveling iron that levels the concrete casting upper surface. Shall.

  In this method of leveling the concrete casting surface, a laser beam is irradiated on the photoreceptor attached to the “leveling iron”, and a reference for the height of the finished surface is displayed. Accordingly, the operator can easily visually recognize the reference level of the finished surface while leveling the upper surface of the concrete, and can level the upper surface of the concrete efficiently and with high accuracy.

The invention according to claim 5, in leveling method concrete casting surface according to claim 4, wherein the photoreceptor, as well as a detachable from the smoothing iron, the mounting position of the photoreceptor An up and down method that can be adjusted is used.

In this method of leveling the concrete placement surface, the height position for attaching the photoreceptor can be adjusted, so that the height at which the laser beam is emitted when the concrete placement reference height display device is installed. Even if fluctuates, the upper surface of the concrete can be leveled to a predetermined height in a state where the laser beam is received at a predetermined position of the photoreceptor.
Further, the photoreceptor can be easily attached to the existing leveling iron.

The invention according to claim 6 is the concrete placement surface leveling method according to any one of claims 2 to 5 , wherein the light receiving body has a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape, or a polygonal pyramid shape. A trapezoidal member shall be used.

  In this concrete casting surface leveling method, the horizontal section of the photoreceptor is small at the top and gradually increases toward the bottom. The laser beam irradiated to the photoreceptor in the posture can be visually recognized. Therefore, the efficiency of the work of leveling the upper surface of the concrete based on the position of the laser light irradiated on the photoreceptor is improved.

In the concrete placement reference height display device and the concrete placement surface leveling method according to the present invention, the laser light generator rotates with the rotation of the rotating portion, and is projected parallel to the top surface of the concrete on which the laser light is placed. can do. In addition, by rotating the laser beam, the receiver is repeatedly irradiated with the laser beam, so that the operator can level the concrete finish while constantly recognizing the reference height, and the top surface of the concrete is highly accurate. Can be leveled efficiently.
Also, by adjusting the inclination of the rotation center axis of the rotating part in all directions according to the gradient of the concrete finish surface, not only when finishing the top surface of the concrete horizontally, but also when the top surface of the concrete has a gradient In addition, a laser beam can be projected in parallel with the upper surface of the concrete to be placed to obtain a reference height for finishing the upper surface of the concrete.

It is the schematic sectional drawing and schematic plan view of the concrete placement reference | standard height display apparatus which are one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the concrete casting surface leveling method which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the outline of the concrete casting surface leveling method which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the method of setting a concrete placement reference height display apparatus with the concrete placement surface leveling method shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view and a schematic side view of a photoreceptor and a leveling iron used in the concrete placing surface leveling method shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig.1 (a) is a schematic sectional drawing of the concrete placement reference height display apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a schematic plan view.
The concrete placement reference height display device 1 supports a laser beam generator 2 that emits a laser beam, a rotating unit 3 that supports and rotates the laser beam generator 2, and a rotating unit 3 that can rotate. The support base 4, the motor 5 that rotationally drives the rotary unit 3, and the cover 6 that covers the upper part of the support base 4 and the motor 5 constitute a main part.

The laser light generator 2 emits laser light in a substantially linear shape from the laser light emission port 2a. In this embodiment, the laser light is emitted up to a distance of about 10 m in an environment in which concrete is placed. The irradiation is visible.
The rotating unit 3 includes a circular rotating plate 11, a rotating base 12 fixed substantially at the center of the upper surface of the rotating plate 11, a rotating shaft 13 fixed to the rotating base 12 and provided to protrude upward. Formed from. The laser beam generator 2 is supported on the rotating plate 11 with the laser beam exit 2a facing outward in the radial direction, and the emitted laser beam L is perpendicular to the rotation center axis A of the rotation shaft 13. Is set to

The support base 4 supports a circular support plate 22 that supports the rotary shaft 13 included in the rotary unit 3 via a bearing 21 and the support plate 22 at three points, each of which can be adjusted in height. The support leg 23 constitutes a main part.
The support plate 22 has a through-hole in the vertical direction substantially at the center, and supports the rotary shaft 13 penetrating through the through-hole so as to protrude upward from below. It is. As a result, the rotating plate 11 coupled to the lower end of the rotating shaft 13 rotates below the support plate 22.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the support leg portion 23 is composed of three support legs 23-1, 23-2, and 23-3, and supports the support plate 22 at three points. . Each of the support legs 23-1, 23-2, and 23-3 has a shaft portion 23a and a head portion 23b, and a screw thread is formed on the shaft portion 23a to form a bolt shape. And it is screwed by the screw hole which penetrates the overhanging support part 24 provided so that it may overhang from the outer edge part of the support plate 22, and by rotating the support leg 23, each support leg 23-1,23 is supported. −2 and 23-3 can adjust the downward protrusion amount from the overhanging support portion 24. Therefore, the inclination of the support plate 22 can be adjusted by rotating each of the support legs 23-1, 23-2, and 23-3, and the rotation center axis A of the rotating unit 3 supported by the support plate 22 can be adjusted. Can be adjusted in all directions with respect to the vertical line.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the motor 5 is supported on a support plate 22, and a drive gear 31 fixed to the drive shaft 5 a of the motor 5 is fixed to the rotary shaft 13 of the rotating unit 3. The drive transmission gear 32 is engaged. As a result, the rotational driving force of the motor 5 is transmitted from the driving gear 31 provided below the support plate 22 to the driving transmission gear 32 to rotationally drive the rotating unit 3. Then, the laser beam generator 2 rotates with the rotation of the rotating plate 11 and irradiates the laser beam L to the surroundings.

The cover 6 is provided so as to cover the support plate 22 and the motor 5. The upper surface of the cover 6 is flat, and a grip portion 33 for carrying the device is provided at the center. A level gauge 34 is attached to the upper surface of the device cover 18 so that the inclination of the rotating shaft 13 can be measured.
The level gauge 34 may be a device that measures by placing a known digitized inclinometer on the upper surface of the device cover 6, or may be one that is fixed to the cover 6.

Next, a concrete casting surface leveling method for leveling the finished surface of concrete using such a concrete casting reference height display device 1 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a concrete casting surface leveling method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the same concrete casting surface leveling method.
This method is applied to the construction of a bridge girder 40 in which at least the upper floor slab is made of concrete, and the upper surface of the upper floor slab is leveled to a predetermined height when concrete is placed for each preset block. The method is shown. Generally, the upper surface of the upper deck of the bridge girder is inclined by a longitudinal gradient and a transverse gradient of a road or the like, and is finished so as to be inclined in a predetermined direction at a predetermined height.
In this embodiment, the concrete placement reference height display device 1 is installed on the first block 41 on which concrete has already been placed and hardened, and the concrete is placed so as to be connected to the first block 41. The upper surface of the new second block 42 is leveled. The laser beam L projected from the concrete placement reference height display device 1 is irradiated with the laser beam L over the entire range where concrete is newly placed, and the position where the laser beam L is irradiated onto the photoreceptor 50. The output of the laser beam L is determined so that can be visually recognized.

The concrete placement reference height display device 1 can be installed as follows.
The concrete placement reference height display device 1 has three support legs 23 at positions close to the second block 42 on which concrete is newly placed on the first block 41 on which concrete has already been placed. -Supported by 1, 23-1, 23-3. By adjusting the height of each of the support legs 23, the rotation center axis A of the rotating portion 3 is perpendicular to the preset upper surface 43 of the concrete of the second block on which the rotation portion 3 is placed. Set. At this time, it can be adjusted using the level gauge 34 provided on the cover, but it is desirable to set as follows.
Within the range in which the concrete of the second block is placed, the top surface height of the concrete to be placed at least at three different places, for example, points a, b, and c shown in FIG. . At the position where the upper surface height is set, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a temporary gauge 44 is set up to clearly indicate the upper surface height. Then, the rotating unit 3 of the concrete placement reference height display device 1 installed on the first block 41 is driven to rotate, and the laser light L is projected onto the second block 42. Concrete placement reference height display device so that the projected laser beam irradiates the same height position above the height of the concrete upper surface on the temporary gauge 44 at the three locations (points a, b, and c). The three support legs 23-1, 23-1, 23-3 are set. By setting in this way, the rotation center axis A of the rotating unit 3 is set perpendicular to the upper surface of the second block 42, and the laser light L is always projected parallel to the upper surface of the concrete to be placed. Further, the laser beam L is applied to a position slightly above the concrete finish surface.

On the other hand, the light receiving body 50 irradiated with the laser beam L is attached to a leveling iron 51 for leveling the upper surface of the placed concrete.
The light receiving body 50 is made of synthetic resin or the like in the present embodiment, and has a substantially truncated cone shape as shown in FIG. The inclined side surface is black so that the laser beam L can be easily received.
The photoreceptor 50 has a magnet 52 at the bottom, and can be attached to the upper surface of a leveling iron 51 made of steel by a magnetic force. Moreover, it can adhere | attach using a double-sided tape or an adhesive agent with respect to a wooden leveling iron. In such a light receiving body 50, an operator leveling the upper surface of the concrete using the leveling iron 51 looks down on the light receiving body 50 from above, and the laser light L irradiated on the side surface can be easily visually confirmed. Is possible.

As shown in FIG. 5, a light receiving reference line 50a is written in the horizontal direction on the side surface of the light receiving body 50, and a sub reference line 50b is drawn above and below the light receiving reference line 50a. Then, the height of the photoreceptor 50 is adjusted so that the laser beam L is irradiated onto the light receiving reference line 50a when the bottom surface of the leveling iron 51 is at the set concrete upper surface height 43.
For example, when the laser beam L is emitted 30 mm above the height at which the top surface of the concrete is to be finished, the light receiving reference line is 30 mm from the bottom surface of the leveling iron 51 as shown in FIG. The height of the photoreceptor 50 is adjusted so as to be. Further, if the allowable range of the unevenness of the finished surface is 20 mm above and below the predetermined height of the finished surface, the secondary reference line is written at a position 20 mm above and below the light receiving reference line.
The height of the photoreceptor 50 can be adjusted, for example, as follows.
A magnet 52 to be attached to the leveling iron 51 is screwed into the light receiving body 50 to be integrated. As a result, the screwing amount can be adjusted to vary the amount by which the magnet 52 protrudes from the bottom surface of the photoreceptor 50. When the magnet 52 is attached to the leveling iron 51 through the magnet 52, The height is adjusted.

  In placing concrete, uncured concrete is poured into the mold 45 and leveled so that air bubbles are not taken in using a vibrator or the like. And when it is driven to almost the target height, the upper surface is finished to a predetermined height using the leveling iron 51. At this time, the light receiving body 50 is attached to the leveling iron 51, and the laser light L is emitted from the concrete placement reference height display device 1 toward the region where the concrete is placed. At this time, since the concrete placement reference height display device 1 is installed on the first block 41 where the concrete has already hardened, the vibration by the vibrator hardly affects the irradiation of the laser beam, and the laser beam L Can be accurately irradiated.

  The laser beam L moves so as to turn as the rotating unit 3 of the laser beam placement reference height display device 1 rotates, and as shown in FIG. Projected. Therefore, the laser beam L is repeatedly irradiated to the photoreceptor 50 in this range, and even if the photoreceptor 50 moves within this range, it always shows a position that is higher by a predetermined amount than the finishing height of the top surface of the concrete. Become. The height from the leveling surface of the leveling iron 51 to the light receiving reference line of the photoreceptor 50 is adjusted to be the predetermined amount. If the worker who is leveling the upper surface of the placed concrete thereby visually recognizes that the laser beam L is irradiated on the light receiving reference line 50a of the photoreceptor 50, the upper surface of the concrete is predetermined. It is height. When the laser beam L is irradiated above the light receiving reference line 50a, the height of the position where the leveling iron 51 is in contact is lower than the predetermined upper surface height, and the laser beam L is received by the light receiving reference line. When irradiated below the line 50a, it can be seen that the height of the position where the leveling iron 51 is in contact is higher than the predetermined upper surface height. Therefore, it is possible to quickly level the concrete so that the height of the upper surface of the concrete is corrected. In addition, since the secondary reference line 50b is written so as to correspond to the tolerance of the finishing height of the upper surface of the concrete, is it possible to allow the unevenness that has occurred while leveling the upper surface of the concrete? It becomes possible to quickly determine whether or not.

  In this embodiment, the frustoconical light receiver 50 is used. However, as long as the operator can easily visually recognize the irradiation position of the laser light L and the light receiving reference line while leveling the concrete surface. Other shape photoreceptors may be used. Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the photoreceptor may be covered with a material for enhancing the light receiving capability of the laser light so that the operator can more easily visually recognize the light receiving position of the laser light.

  Further, the speed at which the laser beam L turns can be changed by controlling the driving of the motor 5 that drives the rotating unit 3 on which the laser beam generator 2 is mounted. This speed is desirably adjusted according to the width of the concrete placement range and the distance to the photoreceptor 50 that irradiates the laser beam. In the present embodiment, the irradiation distance of the laser beam L is about 10 m, and the laser beam L is rotated at a speed of 1 time / second. As a result, the position of the laser light L applied to the photoreceptor 50 can be easily visually recognized within the range where the concrete of the second block 42 is placed.

1: Concrete placement reference height display device, 2: Laser light generator, 2a: Laser light exit, 3: Rotating part, 4: Support base, 5: Motor, 6: Cover, 11: Rotating plate, 12: Rotation base, 13: Rotating shaft, 21: Bearing, 22: Support plate, 23: Support leg, 24: Overhang support, 31: Drive gear, 32: Drive transmission gear, 33: Grip, 34: Level gauge,
40: Bridge girder, 41: First block, 42: Second block, 43: Preset upper surface of concrete, 44: Temporary gauge, 45: Formwork,
50: Photoreceptor, 50a: Light-receiving reference line, 50b: Sub-reference line, 51: Leveling iron, 52: Magnet, A: Rotation center axis of rotating part, L: Laser light

Claims (6)

A laser light generator for emitting laser light;
A rotating unit that supports the laser light generator and rotates so that the laser light emitted from the laser light generator is projected to the surroundings;
A support base for supporting the rotating part;
A motor that is supported by the support base and rotationally drives the rotating unit;
The support base supports the rotating part so that an angle of tilting the rotation center axis of the rotating part in all directions with respect to the vertical direction can be adjusted .
The rotating part penetrates a support plate provided in the support base in the vertical direction, a rotation shaft supported by the support plate via a bearing, and a rotation plate fixed to a lower end of the rotation shaft. Have
The laser beam generator is supported by the rotating plate below the supporting plate, and is arranged so that the laser beam emission direction is perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the rotating unit. Placing reference height display device. The concrete placement reference height display device according to claim 1 is supported at substantially the same height as the top surface of the concrete to be placed in the vicinity of the concrete placement range,
The rotation center axis is set to be perpendicular to the top surface of the concrete to be placed,
Rotating and driving the rotating part, emitting a laser beam from the laser light generator to irradiate the photoreceptor in the concrete placement range,
A leveling method for a concrete casting surface, characterized by leveling the upper surface of the concrete with the irradiation position of the laser beam irradiated on the photoreceptor as a reference height. The step of setting the rotation center axis line to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the concrete to be placed is driven by rotating the rotating portion to emit laser light, and placing at the position of at least three places in the concrete placement range. 3. The method for leveling a concrete casting surface according to claim 2, wherein the support base is installed so that the laser beam is irradiated to a position at the same height from the top surface of the concrete to be concreted. 4. The concrete casting surface leveling method according to claim 2 , wherein the light receiving body is attached to an upper surface of a leveling iron that leveles a concrete casting upper surface. The concrete striker according to claim 4 , wherein the photoreceptor is detachable from the leveling iron, and the attachment position of the photoreceptor can be adjusted up and down. Surface leveling method. 6. The concrete placing surface leveler according to claim 2 , wherein a member having a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a frustoconical shape or a polygonal frustum shape is used as the photoreceptor. And how.

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