JP5412581B2 - 流体作動機械およびその動作方法 - Google Patents
流体作動機械およびその動作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F01B1/062—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
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- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
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- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
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- F03C1/053—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the inner ends of the cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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- F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
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- F04B9/042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H53/00—Cams ; Non-rotary cams; or cam-followers, e.g. rollers for gearing mechanisms
- F16H53/02—Single-track cams for single-revolution cycles; Camshafts with such cams
- F16H53/025—Single-track cams for single-revolution cycles; Camshafts with such cams characterised by their construction, e.g. assembling or manufacturing features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
Description
前記不連続箇所が前記先行または追従面の一部だけに存在してもよい。例えば、先行または追従面の1個毎に、先行または追従面の3〜4個毎に、先行または追従面の3個毎のうち2個に、あるいは先行または追従面の4個毎のうち3個にあってよい。
本発明の第3の態様によれば、流体作動機械を動作させる方法を提供し、当該流体作動機械は、リングカム、低圧マニホルド、高圧マニホルド、作動室を画定する少なくとも1個のピストン、および作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に作動室を低圧または高圧マニホルドに交互に接続すべく当該または各作動室に関連付けられた少なくとも1個のバルブ(電子制御されたバルブ、典型的には電子制御された表面密閉ポペットバルブであってよい)を含んでいて、リングカムが、少なくとも1個のピストンの往復運動を少なくとも1個のピストンに相対的なリングカムの回転に結合し、それにより作動室容積のサイクルを画定すべくカム係合要素(ピストンの一部、例えばピストンシューまたはより典型的にはローラー等)を介して少なくとも1個のピストンと動作可能に係合する波形のカム作動面を有し、波形のカム面の波が各々先行面および追従面を有していて、先行または追従面は不連続箇所を含み、本方法は、少なくとも1個のピストンが、先行または追従面のどちらかが不連続箇所を含んでいる作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に作動室を出入りする流体の流れから生じた正常動作中に殆ど仕事をしないことにより特徴付けられる。
本発明の第4の態様によれば、流体作動機械を動作させる方法を提供し、当該流体作動機械は、リングカム、低圧マニホルド、高圧マニホルド、容積が周期的に変動する作動室を画定する少なくとも1個のピストン、および作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に作動室を前記低圧マニホルドおよび前記高圧マニホルドに交互に接続すべく当該または各作動室に関連付けられた少なくとも1個の電子制御されたバルブを含んでいて、リングカムが、当該または各ピストンの往復運動を当該または各ピストンに相対的なリングカムの回転に結合し、それにより作動室容積のサイクルを画定すべくカム係合要素(ピストンの一部、例えばピストンシューまたはローラー等)を介して当該または各ピストンと動作可能に係合する作動面を有し、当該作業面の1個以上の領域が不連続箇所を含んでいて、
本方法は、各カム係合要素(すなわち前記作動室を画定するピストンがカム作動面内で係合するカム係合要素)が作動面内の前記不連続箇所に当接するときの前記作動室内の作動流体圧を制限することにより特徴付けられる。
前記作動室内の作動流体圧は、例えば、作動室と高圧マニホルドの間における流体の流れを調整する前記電子制御されたバルブの開閉タイミングを制御することにより、カム係合要素が不連続箇所を通過する(すなわち当接する)場合に作動室を高圧マニホルドから密閉することにより制限されるものであってよい。
流体作動機械は、各カム係合要素が前記先行または追従面(すなわち不連続箇所が存在しないもの)の他方に当接するとき(且つ通常はその場合だけ)各作動室内の圧力が閾値を上回り、
(通常は)各カム係合要素が前記不連続箇所の各々に当接するとき(または各カム係合要素が前記不連続箇所を含む部分または不連続箇所が位置する各前記先行または追従面の全てに当接するとき)は各作動室内の圧力が閾値を上回らない第1の動作モード(例:ポンピング)、および
各作動室内の圧力が、カム係合要素が前記不連続箇所(または不連続箇所が位置する前記先行または追従面)に当接するときに閾値を上回らない第2の動作モード(例:モータリング、またはリングカムが第1のモードとは反対方向に回転する第2のポンピングモード)を有しているものであってよい。
圧縮可能ゾーンは、前記ピストン対向面内で圧縮の発生を容易にする点が好都合である。圧縮可能ゾーンは、固定具により加えられた所与の量の力に対してより大きい接線方向の圧縮の発生を可能にすることができる。
Claims (15)
- リングカム、低圧マニホルド、高圧マニホルド、作動室を画定する少なくとも1個のピストン、および作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に作動室を前記低圧または高圧マニホルドに交互に接続すべく前記または各作動室に関連付けられた少なくとも1個のバルブを含む流体作動機械であり、前記リングカムが、前記少なくとも1個のピストンの往復運動を前記少なくとも1個のピストンに相対的な前記リングカムの回転に結合し、それにより前記作動室容積のサイクルを画定すべくカム係合要素を介して前記少なくとも1個のピストンと動作可能に係合するカム作動面を有し、前記カム作動面の波が各々先行面および追従面を有し、前記カム作動面が不連続箇所を有する流体作動機械であって、前記少なくとも1個のピストンが、作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に前記作動室を出入りする流体の流れから生じる正常動作中に殆ど仕事を行なわない前記先行面および前記追従面のどちらかに、前記作動面の前記不連続箇所が位置する、流体作動機械。
- 前記不連続箇所が、前記少なくとも1個のピストンが、作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に前記作動室を出入りする流体の流れから生じる正常動作中に殆ど力をかけない前記先行面および前記追従面のどちらかに位置する前記作動面にある、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記リングカムが、前記リングカムの外周の回りを延びる少なくとも2個のセグメント、および前記セグメントが取り付けられた支持構造を含み、各前記セグメントがピストン対向面を含んでいて、前記セグメントの前記ピストン対向面が前記作動面を画定する、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記作動面内の前記不連続箇所が、前記セグメントを前記支持構造に固定する取り付け手段である、請求項3に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記不連続箇所が隣接セグメント間の不連続箇所である、請求項3に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記不連続箇所が第1の種類であって、前記作動面が更に第2の種類の不連続箇所を含み、前記第2の種類の不連続箇所は、前記第1の種類の不連続箇所とは異なるように分布する、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 各前記カム係合要素が、前記各作動室内からの流体圧により前記作動面に対して付勢されている、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記不連続箇所が、第1の動作モードにおいて作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に前記作動室を出入りする流体の流れから生じる動作中に前記ピストンが殆ど仕事を行なわない前記先行面および前記追従面のどちらかの一部だけの前記作動面に存在し、前記第1の動作モードは前記流体作動機械の正常動作中に作動する、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 前記流体作動機械が、該流体作動機械の正常動作中に作動する第1の動作モードと、第2の動作モードとのいずれか1つによって作動することができ、前記第2の動作モードは、前記作動室容積の作動サイクルが、前記第1の動作モードで動作する間に前記ピストンが殆ど仕事を行なわない前記先行面および前記追従面の前記どちらかの面に対してより多くの仕事を前記ピストンにさせると共に、前記ピストンが前記第1の動作モードで動作する間に殆ど仕事を行なわず前記不連続箇所を有しない前記先行面および前記追従面の前記どちらかの面にカム係合要素が当接するときに、前記作動サイクルが選択的に実行される動作モードである、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。
- 各前記作動室が、1個以上の電子的に制御可能なバルブを含み、前記流体作動機械が、
前記または各々の電子的に制御可能なバルブを制御すべく動作可能なコントローラを含んでいて、各前記作動室は1サイクル毎に、前記または各々の電子的に制御可能なバルブの制御により作動サイクルまたはアイドリングサイクルを実行すべく前記コントローラにより選択可能である、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械。 - 流体作動機械の動作方法であり、前記流体作動機械が、リングカム、低圧マニホルド、高圧マニホルド、容積が周期的に変動する作動室を画定する少なくとも1個のピストン、および作動室容積のサイクルと同相関係に前記作動室を前記低圧マニホルドおよび前記高圧マニホルドに交互に接続すべく前記または各作動室に関連付けられた少なくとも1個の電子制御されたバルブを含んでいて、前記リングカムが、前記または各ピストンの往復運動を前記または各ピストンに相対的な前記リングカムの回転に結合し、それにより前記作動室容積のサイクルを画定すべくカム係合要素を介して前記または各ピストンと動作可能に係合する作動面を有し、前記作業面の1個以上の領域が不連続箇所を含んでいる方法であって、
前記各カム係合要素が作動面内の前記不連続箇所に当接するときの前記作動室内の作動流体圧を制限することを特徴とする方法。 - 作動室容積のサイクル中に前記作動室により排出される流体の正味体積が、前記高圧マニホルド内の圧力および/または各前記不連続箇所に対する前記または各カム係合要素の位置に応じて選択されているまたは選択可能である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記リングカムの相対的な向きに対する各前記不連続箇所の位置に関するデータを保存する計算機可読データ記憶媒体から不連続箇所の位置データを読み出すステップを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 組み立てられた場合、請求項1に記載の流体作動機械を形成する部品のキット。
- 流体作動機械コントローラに実行された場合、請求項11に記載の方法を前記流体作動機械に実施させるプログラムコードを保存する計算機可読媒体。
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GB1013774.3A GB2484888B (en) | 2010-08-17 | 2010-08-17 | Ring cam and fluid-working machine including ring cam |
GB1013774.3 | 2010-08-17 | ||
PCT/GB2011/051368 WO2012022954A1 (en) | 2010-08-17 | 2011-07-19 | Ring cam and fluid-working machine including ring cam |
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WO2013149315A1 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | Sheldon Robar | Piston engine for converting a pressurized gas into mechanical energy |
EP2732155B1 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2015-06-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Power generating apparatus of a renewable energy type having hydraulic pump also operable in motoring mode |
JP5726370B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-05-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 油圧機械及び再生エネルギー発電装置 |
US9068484B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2015-06-30 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Double-reed exhaust valve engine |
JP2016003566A (ja) | 2014-06-13 | 2016-01-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ラジアルピストン式油圧機械及び風力発電装置 |
DE102016124048A1 (de) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-06-14 | Kamat Gmbh & Co. Kg | Axialkolbenpumpe mit großer Fördermenge bei geringer Drehzahl und Verwendung einer Kolbenpumpe in einer Windkraftanlage |
EP3894702B1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2024-06-12 | Kline, Robert D. | Variable output, hydraulic drive system |
EP3674546B1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2022-07-13 | Artemis Intelligent Power Limited | Valve timing in electronically commutated hydraulic machine |
JP7120081B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-08-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料噴射ポンプ |
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GB1261172A (en) * | 1970-01-20 | 1972-01-26 | Inst Gornogo Dela Imeni Skochi | Radial-piston hydraulic motor |
US4003351A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-01-18 | Gunther William E | Rotary engine |
US4503751A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1985-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Digital fluid stepping motor |
WO1991005163A1 (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1991-04-18 | The University Of Edinburgh | Improved fluid-working machine |
GB8822901D0 (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1988-11-02 | Mactaggart Scot Holdings Ltd | Apparatus & method for controlling actuation of multi-piston pump &c |
US4972960A (en) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-11-27 | Beloit Corporation | Disk screen with compressible spacers and flanged surrounds |
SE500151C2 (sv) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-04-25 | Ulf Henricson | Hydrauliskt drivsystem för drift av företrädesvis tunga industriella arbetsenheter |
GB0221165D0 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-10-23 | Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd | Fluid-working machine and operating method |
US8074450B2 (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2011-12-13 | General Electric Company | Wind energy system with fluid-working machine with non-symmetric actuation |
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GB201013774D0 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
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AU2011211429A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
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