JP5412248B2 - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms, and is particularly suitable as a compressor for supplying compressed air to pneumatic equipment by connecting to a pneumatic line or the like in a factory.

  In general, in a factory or the like where a plurality of pneumatic devices are installed, each pneumatic device is connected using a pneumatic line (pipe), and compressed air discharged from an air compressor serving as a pressurized air supply source is used. , And supply to each pneumatic equipment via the pneumatic line. A compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms is known as the air compressor.

  As this type of compressor, there are those described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. In Patent Document 1, the drive shafts of the two positive displacement compression mechanisms are rotated in opposite directions by using a complicated synchronization mechanism so that the phases of the periodic changes in power consumption are substantially equal. By rotating in synchronization with each other, the excitation force caused by torque fluctuation is reduced, and the vibration is reduced. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228561 describes that a package type compressor installed at the top of an air tank is cooled by a cooling fan directly connected to a compressor motor.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-72275 JP 2008-88852 A

  The objective of this invention is obtaining the compressor which can aim at the vibration reduction of the compressor which has a some compression mechanism part, without using a complicated synchronous mechanism.

  Another object of the present invention is to obtain a compressor capable of efficiently cooling not only the compressor but also the entire package type compressor packaged up to an air tank.

The present invention has been made based on the above problems, and in a compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms provided with pistons and connecting rods, an air tank installed on the lower base via vibration-proof parts, and an upper part of the air tank And a plurality of reciprocating compression mechanism portions juxtaposed in the same direction adjacent to each other, and the plurality of compression mechanism portions counteracts the unbalance force and the rotational inertia force by rotating in opposite directions. When the pistons and connecting rods of the plurality of compression mechanisms are stopped after the operation of the compressor, the pistons and connecting rods stop at the bottom dead center due to the pressure of the residual compressed air in the cylinder chamber, and are in reverse phase and opposite to each other when restarted. It is comprised so that it may rotate .

Here, it is preferable that the plurality of compression mechanism portions have substantially the same structure and the same size. Further, it is preferable that the pistons of the plurality of compression mechanism portions reciprocate in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, it is preferable that a common base is installed on the upper part of the air tank, and the plurality of compression mechanisms are installed on the common base.

It is preferable that the plurality of compression mechanism units are configured to be activated at substantially the same time so that the rotation directions are reverse to each other.
For example, the motors of the plurality of compression mechanisms are driven by being connected to the same three-phase AC power source via the same switch means, and two phases of the three phases are connected in reverse to each other at the same time. It can be set as the structure which starts and reversely rotates mutually.

  When the number of the plurality of compression mechanism portions is an odd number, it is preferable that one is excluded, and the remaining plural units are configured so that the rotation directions of the other half are opposite to each other. The vibration-proof component is a vibration-proof rubber, and it is preferable that the vibration-proof rubber receives the unbalance force in the vertical direction of the compression mechanism portion to absorb the vibration in the vertical direction.

  Another feature of the present invention is a package-type compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms in a package composed of a lower base and a panel, and an air tank installed on the lower base of the package via a vibration isolation component A common base for attaching a plurality of compression mechanisms attached to the upper portion of the air tank, a cylinder head arranged in the same direction adjacent to the common base, and arranged in the vertical direction, A plurality of reciprocating compression mechanism portions each having a horizontally disposed motor that reciprocates a piston in a cylinder head in a vertical direction; and the package on the side where the motors of the plurality of compression mechanism portions are disposed. A cooling fan provided on the upper part of the panel, and a side of the compression mechanism, which is attached to both ends of the common base, and drafts the cooling air from the cooling fan. A cooling air guide that is disposed on the cylinder head side of the upper part of the motor and is attached to the cooling air guide, and passes a part of the cooling air from the cooling fan to a position facing the cylinder head. It is provided with a flow dividing plate having a hole and an exhaust hole formed in a lower portion of the panel opposite to the panel to which the cooling fan is attached.

It is preferable that a plurality of the cooling fans are provided on the panel at a position facing the motors of the plurality of compression mechanisms. Preferably, the lower end position of the cooling fan is installed at substantially the same level as the upper surface position of the motor, and the upper end position thereof is installed at substantially the same level as the upper end position of the cooling air guide.

A short path of cooling air can be prevented by not forming a hole through which cooling air passes in addition to the air discharging hole formed in the lower part of the panel in the panel in which the air exhaust hole is formed.
It is preferable that a notch is formed in the lower portion of the cooling air guide to allow cooling air that has cooled the motor to pass through the air tank. Further, if a passage through which the cooling air passes is formed at both ends of the common base and a portion located between the plurality of compression mechanisms, the entire air tank can be cooled. In particular, a passage through which the cooling air passes may be configured by a notch portion formed on both ends of the common base and a hole formed in the central portion of the common base.

  An after cooler for cooling the discharge air from the compression mechanism is installed above the cooling air guide, and this after cooler guides the cooling air from the cooling fan to the cylinder head side together with the cooling air guide. In addition, the discharge air is preferably cooled by the cooling air.

  The plurality of compression mechanism portions have substantially the same structure and the same size, and when the plurality of compression mechanism portions are activated at the same time so that their rotation directions are opposite to each other, the unfolding generated in the compression mechanism portion is generated. Vibration can be suppressed by reducing balance force and rotational inertia force.

  It is preferable that the discharge pipes from the plurality of compression mechanisms be joined to each other at the collecting portion and then guided to the aftercooler. Further, when the discharge pipe from the compression mechanism portion is configured to be U-shaped once directed downward and then upward, even if drain is generated in the discharge piping, the drain flows into the compression mechanism portion. Can be prevented.

  The compressor is used as a booster compressor that further pressurizes pressurized gas from an air compressor serving as a source pressure as required, and introduces the pressurized air serving as a source pressure into a crank chamber. The present invention is particularly effective when applied to a hermetic compressor structure.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of compression mechanisms having substantially the same configuration are arranged in the same direction, and are further installed on the base via vibration-proof parts so that the left and right compressors rotate in reverse from each other at startup. As a result, the horizontal unbalance force and rotational inertia force are canceled, and horizontal vibration can be suppressed to a small level. A compressor with low vibration can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an effect capable of reducing the vibration of the compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms without using a complicated synchronization mechanism.

  In a package type compressor packaged not only as a compressor but also as an air tank, a cooling fan is provided on the side panel, a cooling air guide and a flow dividing plate are provided, an after cooler is arranged above the cooling air passage, and the motor According to the invention in which the cooling air is divided into the cylinder head portion, the air tank, and the after cooler, not only the motor but also the cylinder head portion and the air tank can be sufficiently cooled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The schematic block diagram explaining Example 1 of the compressor of this invention. The electric circuit diagram which shows an example of the electric circuit which implement | achieves Example 1 shown in FIG. The external appearance perspective view which shows the specific structure of the compressor of Example 1 shown in FIG. The perspective view which removed the front panel of FIG. 3 so that the inside could be seen. The perspective view which removed the right side panel shown in FIG. 4, the back panel, and the upper surface panel, and was able to understand an internal structure still better. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the cooling air guide further removed from the front side in FIG. 5. The perspective view which removed the right side panel in FIG. 6 and was seen from the opposite side of FIG. The perspective view explaining the structure of the common base 30 installed on the air tank. FIG. 7 is a right side view of FIG. 6 with the cooling fan shown in FIG. 6 removed. The front view of FIG. The top view which shows the arrangement structure of a compression mechanism part, a cooling fan, and an air tank. FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to the rear view of FIG. 6, with the package panel and cooling fan removed. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of a compression mechanism part. FIG. 14 is a side sectional view of FIG. 13. The diagram which shows the vibration state of the left-right direction of a compressor when the rotation direction of a motor is made the same ((a) figure), and when it rotates mutually reversely ((b) figure).

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a compressor for supplying pressurized air to pneumatic equipment by connecting to a pneumatic line or the like in a factory, and further pressurizes pressurized gas from an air compressor as a source pressure as necessary. The example which applied this invention to the booster compressor to be made is shown. In addition, this FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram explaining the compressor of a present Example.

  Pressurized air from the air compressor serving as the original pressure is introduced into the suction filter 2 through the pipe 1, and is supplied to the compressor through the suction pipe 3 from here. Reference numerals 4 and 5 denote reciprocating compression mechanisms installed on a common base (mounting base) 7 on an air tank 6 installed on the lower base via vibration-proof parts (not shown). These plural (two in the figure) compression mechanism parts 4 and 5 are juxtaposed adjacently. Each of the compression mechanisms 4 and 5 includes pistons 4a and 5a that reciprocate in the respective cylinders 4j and 5j, and these pistons 4a and 5a are respectively provided by motors (not shown). It is reciprocated through drive shafts 4b and 5b, crank members 4c and 5c, and connecting rods 4d and 5d. In addition, suction chambers 4e and 5e and discharge chambers 4f and 5f are provided in the compression mechanism portions 4 and 5, respectively. The intake air from the suction pipe 3 is branched and guided to the suction chambers 4e and 5e of the respective compression mechanisms, and is sucked into the respective cylinder chambers when the pistons 4a and 5a are lowered. The air sucked into the cylinder chamber is compressed as the pistons 4a and 5a rise, and is sent from the discharge chambers 4f and 5f to the aftercooler 9 via the discharge pipe 8, and is cooled by the cooling air from the fan 10. After that, it flows into the air tank 6. The compressed air in the air tank 6 is supplied to the customer's equipment such as pneumatic equipment via the pipe 11. 12 is a pressure switch for detecting suction pressure, and 13 is a pressure switch for detecting discharge pressure.

  An electric circuit is configured so that the motors of the respective compression mechanism portions 4 and 5 rotate in the opposite directions, and as a result, as shown by the arrows in the figure, the left compression mechanism portion 4 includes a drive shaft 4b, a crank The member 4c and the connecting rod 4d are rotated counterclockwise, and the drive shaft 5b, the crank member 5c and the connecting rod 5d of the right compression mechanism 5 are rotated clockwise.

  With this configuration, when the compressor stops, the pistons 4a and 5a stop at the bottom dead center due to the pressure of residual compressed air in the cylinder chamber and the weight of the piston and connecting rod. When the compressor is started, the drive shafts 4b and 5b, the crank members 4c and 5c, and the connecting rods 4d and 5d of the left and right compression mechanism sections 4 and 5 simultaneously rotate reversely with each other. As a result, the phases of the unbalance forces generated at the start of the respective compression mechanisms are opposite to each other, so that the unbalance forces are canceled and vibrations at the start of the compressor can be reduced.

  Although the thing of patent document 1 reduces the excitation force resulting from a torque fluctuation and makes low vibration by mutually rotating the drive shafts of two compression mechanism parts mutually, a complicated synchronous mechanism is used. It is necessary to use this, which is costly and has a problem in the reliability of the synchronization mechanism. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the compressor is started without providing a special synchronization mechanism by juxtaposing the piston movement directions of the plurality of reciprocating compression mechanism portions adjacently in the vertical (vertical) direction. It becomes possible to reduce the vibration due to the unbalance force at the time.

  FIG. 2 is an example of an electric circuit diagram for realizing the above-described embodiment. 2, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. In this figure, reference numeral 14 denotes a three-phase alternating current power source. The power source 9 is connected to the compression mechanisms 4 and 5 (FIG. 1) via a terminal block 15, an electromagnetic contactor 16 and a thermal relay 17 for overcurrent protection. Motors 4g and 5g of the reference) are connected. Here, the motor 4g is set to rotate counterclockwise by connecting the R, S, and T phases of the power source to the U, V, and W phases, while the motor 5g is set to the U, V, and W phases. It is set to rotate right by connecting the T, S, and R phases of the power supply. As described above, the motors 4g and 5g are configured to rotate in reverse to each other by connecting two of the three phases (in this embodiment, the U phase and the W phase) to be opposite to each other. 18 is an ON / OFF switch of the compressor, 19 is an operation lamp, and 20 is an operation counter. Reference numerals 21 and 22 denote cooling fans installed on a panel of a package surrounding the compression mechanism portions 4 and 5 and the air tank 6 so as to cool the compression mechanism portions 4 and 5. Reference numeral 23 denotes an electromagnetic contactor that turns ON / OFF the power supply to the cooling fans 21 and 22.

  With this configuration, when the ON-OFF switch 18 is turned ON, the motors 4g and 5g are simultaneously started as long as the suction-side pressure switch 12 and the discharge-side pressure switch 13 are closed. They rotate counterclockwise. The cooling fans 21 and 22 are also operated simultaneously.

  FIG. 2 shows a state before the operation is started, and the ON-OFF switch 18 is in the OFF state, and the air compressor that is the original pressure is also stopped, so that the suction pressure reaches a predetermined value. The suction-side pressure switch 12 is open (OFF state), and the discharge pressure is lower than the set value, indicating a closed state (ON state). When the air compressor that becomes the original pressure is started and the suction pressure reaches a predetermined value, the suction-side pressure switch 12 is closed (ON state), and the motors 4g and 5g are turned on by turning on the ON-OFF switch 18. Starts. When the pressure of the air tank 6 rises and the discharge pressure rises to the set value, the discharge pressure detection pressure switch 13 is opened, and the electromagnetic contactor 16 is also opened accordingly, and the energization of the motors 4g and 5g is cut off. Then, the compressors 4 and 5 are stopped.

  The compressor shown in FIG. 1 is a booster compressor, and most of the compressed air (generally about 0.3 to 0.6 MPa) from an air compressor serving as a source pressure is compressed through a suction pipe 3. 4 and 5, and after the pressure is increased (generally increased to about 0.7 to 1.0 MPa) by the compression mechanisms 4 and 5, the compressed air is guided to the air tank 6 and the like via the discharge pipe 8. From here, it is supplied to high-pressure pneumatic equipment (high-pressure equipment) to drive the pneumatic equipment. Part of the pressurized air from the suction pipe 3 is introduced into the crank chambers 4h and 5h of the compression mechanisms 4 and 5 through the pipes 3a and 3b, and applies pressure to the crank chamber side of the pistons 4a and 5a. This reduces the load on the motors 4g and 5g. In order to maintain the pressure in the crank chamber, the compression mechanisms 4 and 5 have a hermetic compressor structure.

  Next, a specific configuration of the compressor of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In these drawings, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the compressor according to the present embodiment. The compression mechanism portions 4 and 5 and the air tank 6 shown in FIG. 1 are package type compressors housed inside the panel. On the front panel 24a of the package, a discharge side pressure gauge 25, a timer display unit 26, a compressor ON-OFF switch 18 and the like are provided. In addition, since the compressor of the present embodiment has a hermetic compressor structure as described above, cooling fans 21 and 22 are installed on the right side panel 24b of the compressor package.

  4 is a perspective view in which the front panel 24a of FIG. 3 is removed so that the inside of the package 24 can be seen. 6 is an air tank, 13 is a pressure switch for detecting discharge pressure attached to the air tank 6, and 12 is A pressure switch 27 for detecting the suction pressure provided in the suction pipe 3 from the suction filter 2 is installed between the package inside the package 24 and the compression mechanisms 4 and 5, and is cooled from the cooling fans 21 and 22. This is a cooling air guide that cools the motor of the compression mechanism and guides the cooling air around the air tank 6. Reference numeral 28 denotes an exhaust hole provided in a lower portion of the left side panel 24c opposite to the right side panel 24b provided with the cooling fans 21 and 22. The left side panel 24c has an exhaust hole other than the exhaust hole 28 provided in the lower portion. There is no hole through which the cooling air can pass. For this reason, the cooling air introduced into the package by the cooling fans 21 and 22 from the upper part of the right side panel 24b cools the upper compression mechanism parts 4 and 5 and then flows downward to cool the air tank 6 and the like. After that, the air is exhausted from the air exhaust hole 28 provided in the lower part of the left side panel 24c. As a result, the cooling air introduced into the package can efficiently cool each component of the compressor without being short-passed and discharged outside. Reference numeral 24 d denotes an upper panel of the package 24.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view in which the right side panel 24b, the back panel, and the top panel 24d shown in FIG. 4 are removed so that the internal structure can be understood better. The cooling fan 21 is placed on the motor 4g side of the compression mechanism section 4 on the side of the cooling fan. 22 is installed on the motor 5g side of the compression mechanism section 5. The cooling fans 21 and 22 have lower end positions that are substantially the same level as the upper surface positions of the motors 4g and 5g, and upper end positions that are substantially the same level as the upper end position of the cooling air guide 27. is set up. An aftercooler 9 is installed on the cooling air guide 27, and the aftercooler 9 also functions as a guide for the cooling air introduced together with the cooling air guide 27. The lower surface position of the aftercooler 9 and the upper end positions of the cooling fans 21 and 22 are configured to have substantially the same height.

  Cooling air from the cooling fans 21, 22 is a cooling air passage surrounded by a cooling air guide 27 provided on the left and right sides of the compression mechanism portions 4, 5 and an after cooler 9 provided on the upper part of the cooling air guide 27. And the motors 4g and 5g of the compression mechanisms 4 and 5 are cooled, part of the cooling air flows along the aftercooler 9, and part of the cooling air passes through the aftercooler, The compressed and heated discharge air is cooled by this after cooler. By disposing the aftercooler 9 in this way, the aftercooler fan 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be shared by the cooling fans 21 and 22. The cooling air guide 27 is disposed close to the sides of the motors 4g and 5g, and a notch 27a is formed in the lower part of the cooling air guide 27 so that the cooling air around the motor of the compression mechanism portion is cooled. Then, the motor is cooled efficiently, and the front and rear portions of the air tank 6 are cooled through the cutout portion 27a, and then discharged to the outside through the exhaust hole 28. In this embodiment, the cooling mechanism 4 and 5 are surrounded by the cooling air guide 27 and the aftercooler 9, so that the compression mechanism is doubled together with the panel of the package 24. There is also a function of confining noise from the mechanism section in the cooling air guide 27, and a noise reduction effect is also obtained. Further, since the aftercooler 9 is installed on the upper part of the cooling air guide 27, the aftercooler 9 does not become the resistance of the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 and can spread the cooling air into the package. There is also an effect that can be done.

  6 is a perspective view showing the cooling air guide 27 further removed from the front side in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view seen from the opposite side of FIG. 6 with the left side panel 24c also removed in FIG. In these figures, 29 is a flow dividing plate disposed on the side of the cylinder heads 4i, 5i above the motors 4g, 5g and attached to the cooling air guide 27. The flow dividing plate 29 includes the cylinder head portions 4i, 5i. Is formed with a hole 29a through which a part of the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 passes.

  The compression mechanism parts 4 and 5 are installed on a common base 30 for fixing the compression mechanism part attached to the upper part of the air tank 6, and the cooling air guide 27 is also attached to the common base. As shown in FIG. 8, the common base 30 is installed in the upper part of the air tank 6, and the common base 30 is provided with notches 30a on both ends thereof, and further corresponds to the space between the two compression mechanisms. A hole 30b is also formed at the position (center) where the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 passes along both sides of each of the motors 4g and 5g of the compression mechanism, and is common. It is configured to flow to the lower air tank 6 side without being obstructed by the base 30.

  9 is a right side view of FIG. 6 with the cooling fans 21 and 22 shown in FIG. 6 removed. As shown in this figure, the air tank 6 is installed on the lower base 31 of the package 24 via a bracket 32 and a vibration isolating component 33 such as a vibration isolating rubber or a coil spring. The vibration isolator 33 supports the weight of the compression mechanism units 4 and 5 installed in the air tank 6 and absorbs vibration generated from the compression mechanism units 4 and 5. The anti-vibration component 33 such as the anti-vibration rubber and the coil spring can sufficiently attenuate the vibration in the vertical direction (vertical direction), and therefore the vibration isolation component 33 can absorb the vibration in the vertical direction. . However, the vibration-proof component 33 is less damped with respect to the vibration in the horizontal direction. If the compression mechanism portion is located at a position far from the position of the vibration-proof component 33 as in this embodiment, the vibration-proof component 33 is generated in the compression mechanism portion. The point of action of the unbalance force and the rotational inertia force is increased, and a large vibration is generated in the left-right direction. In particular, a greater amount of vibration is generated due to the moment acting on the rotational inertial force during startup. However, in the compressor of the present embodiment, the left and right compression mechanisms 4 and 5 are configured to rotate reversely at the time of start-up, so the horizontal unbalance force is canceled as described above, and the horizontal direction Vibration can be reduced. Furthermore, since the motor is configured so that the moments caused by the rotational inertia force rotate in the opposite directions, vibration in the left-right direction does not occur. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the vibration in the horizontal direction can be reduced and the unbalance force remains in the vertical direction, but the vertical direction can be supported by the vibration isolating component, so that the vertical vibration can also be suppressed. Therefore, a compressor with low vibration as a whole can be obtained.

  10 is a front view of FIG. 6, and FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an arrangement configuration of the compression mechanisms 4 and 5, the cooling fans 21 and 22, and the cooling tank 6. FIG. 10 and FIG. The flow of the cooling air in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Cooling air from the outside introduced into the package 24 from the cooling fans 21 and 22 on the right side panel 24b flows as indicated by arrows in these drawings. That is, the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 is introduced into a space surrounded by the cooling air guide 27, the after cooler 9 and the flow dividing plate 29, and a part of the cooling air flows downward while cooling the motors 4g and 5g. After the notch 30a and hole 30b of the common base 30 and the notch 27a of the cooling air guide 27 flow in the direction of the air tank 6, the entire upper part, both side parts, front part and rear part of the air tank 6 are cooled. Then, the air is discharged out of the package 24 through the air exhaust hole 28 formed in the lower part of the panel 24c. A part of the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 flows along the aftercooler 9 and cools the compressed air discharged from the compression mechanisms 4 and 5. Further, a part of the cooling air from the cooling fans 21 and 22 flows out from a hole 29a formed in the flow dividing plate 29 to cool the cylinder head parts 4i and 5i of the compression mechanism parts 4 and 5, and then the left side panel. It flows downward along the line 24c and is discharged to the outside through the air exhaust hole 28.

As described above, in this embodiment, the cooling fans 21 and 22, the cooling air guide 27 having the notch 27 a, the flow dividing plate 29 having the hole 29 a, the common base having the notch 30 a and the hole 30 b, and the like are provided. , 5, the air tank 6, the aftercooler 9 and the like are arranged as described above, so that even if a hermetic compressor structure without a cooling fan directly connected to the compressor motor is adopted, the cooling fan 21, The motors 4g and 5g, the cylinder heads 4i and 5i, the air tank 6, the aftercooler 9 and the like of the compression mechanism can be efficiently cooled by the cooling air from the compressor 22.
If the cooling fans 21 and 22 are provided on the upper panel 24d, it is difficult to introduce cooling air when an object is placed on the upper panel and the suction side of the cooling fan is blocked. For this reason, in this embodiment, as described above, the cooling fans 21 and 22 are provided on the side panel 24b. However, when the cooling fans 21 and 22 are installed on the side panel, the motors 4g and 5g arranged on the cooling fan installation side can be cooled, but the cylinder head portions 4i and 5i arranged away from the cooling fan are It cannot be cooled sufficiently. Therefore, in this embodiment, as described above, the cooling air guide 27 and the flow dividing plate 29 are provided, and the arrangement of the after cooler 9 is further devised so that the cylinder head portion can be sufficiently cooled, and further the after cooler. 9 and the air tank 6 can also be efficiently cooled. In particular, when this embodiment is used in an oil-free compressor that does not use oil for lubrication of the movable part of the compression mechanism, the heat generated in the compression mechanism can be effectively cooled.

  FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to the rear view of FIG. 6, with the panel of the package and the cooling fan removed. In the figure, 8a is a discharge pipe for guiding the discharge air from the compression mechanism section 4, 8b is a discharge pipe for guiding the discharge air from the compression mechanism section 5, and these discharge pipes 8a and 8b are joined at the gathering portion to be an aftercooler. 9 leads. The discharge air cooled by the aftercooler 9 flows to the air tank 6 through the discharge pipe 8. The discharge pipes 8a and 8b from the cylinder head portions 4i and 5i are configured in a U shape so as to be directed downward and then flow to the upper collecting portion 8c and the aftercooler 9. With such a configuration, even when the temperature of the discharge pipes 8a and 8b is reduced and drainage is generated in the discharge pipes 8a and 8b when the compressor is stopped, the drain is moved to the cylinder heads 4i and 5i. Backflow can be prevented. In addition, the discharge air from the two compression mechanisms 4 and 5 is not separately guided to the aftercooler 9, but is once merged at the collecting portion 8c and then guided to the aftercooler 9, so that the aftercooler 9 One unit is sufficient for a plurality of compression mechanism portions 4 and 5, and the cooling efficiency can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, a hermetic compressor structure is employed as the compression mechanism portions 4 and 5, and a specific example of this compression mechanism portion will be described with reference to FIGS. The compression mechanism unit shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 will be described as an example of the compression mechanism unit 4 shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, but the compression mechanism unit 5 has substantially the same configuration. 13 and 14, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 12 indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  13 and 14, reference numeral 4j denotes a cylinder portion, and the piston 4a slides up and down the cylinder portion 4j, so that the air compressor serving as the original pressure passes through the pipe 1, the suction filter 2, and the suction pipe 3. The air sucked into the cylinder part 4j is compressed. The piston 4a is connected to the drive shaft 4b via a connecting rod 4d and a crank member (eccentric plate) 4c. When the drive shaft 4b is rotated by the motor 4g, the piston 4a moves up and down and performs a compression operation. As shown in FIG. 1, the compression mechanism unit 4 is configured such that the motor drive shaft 4b rotates counterclockwise, and the compression mechanism unit 5 is configured such that the motor drive shaft 5b rotates clockwise. Pressurized air from the air compressor serving as the original pressure passes through the suction filter 2 and is then partially introduced into the crank chamber 4h via a pipe 3a branched from the suction pipe 3, and the pressure of the pressurized air is reduced. By acting on the side opposite to the compression chamber side of the piston 4a, the load applied to the connecting rod 4d, the bearing 4k, etc. is reduced, and the load applied to the motor 4g is further reduced. Because of such a hermetic compressor structure, a cooling fan directly connected to the drive shaft 4b cannot be provided. Therefore, in this embodiment, cooling fans 21 and 22 independent from the compression mechanism section 4 are separately prepared and installed on the panel 24b and the like to cool the motor 4g and the cylinder head section 4i.

  In FIG. 13, reference numeral 12 denotes a pressure switch on the suction side. In this example, the pressure switch 12 is not provided in the suction pipe 3, but is directly attached to the crankcase 4l so as to communicate with the crank chamber 4h. . This is advantageous in terms of strength as compared with the case of mounting on the suction pipe, and further space saving can be realized.

  In the compression mechanism shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in order to reduce the reciprocating inertia force accompanying the reciprocating motion of the piston 4a, the flywheel balance 34 has a reciprocating inertia force in addition to the rotational inertia force of the crank member 4c. A balance weight 34a to which 1/2 is added is provided, and a half balance method in which the unbalance force is distributed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is adopted. Thereby, the vibration of the compression mechanism portion can be reduced, but in the structure in which the compression mechanism portion is attached to the upper portion of the tank 6 via the vibration isolating component 33 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 and FIG. Since the unbalance force in the left-right direction acts at a position higher than the vibration-proof component 33 with a small attenuation against the vibration, large left-right vibration is generated at the time of activation.

  According to the present embodiment, by rotating the motors in the reverse direction, the vibration in the vertical direction can be reduced, and the unbalance force in the horizontal direction can be canceled, thereby obtaining a vibration reduction effect.

  In addition, a rotational inertia force due to the rotation of the motor is generated at the time of startup. Similarly, since it acts as a moment in the horizontal direction at a position higher than the vibration isolation component 33, a large horizontal vibration is generated at the time of startup. However, in this embodiment, by rotating the motors in the opposite directions, the rotational inertia force can be canceled and no left-right vibration is generated.

  Here, FIG. 15 shows the vibration state in the left-right direction of the compressor when the rotation direction of the motor is the same (FIG. 15A) and when the motor rotates in the reverse direction (FIG. 15B). In this embodiment (Fig. (B)), when stopped, the motor is stationary at the bottom dead center due to the pressure of the remaining compressed air in the cylinder chamber. By doing so, the unbalance force and the rotational inertia force in the left-right direction can be canceled, and the vibration can be reduced to the vibration at the steady operation level. When the number of rotations further increases and steady operation is performed, each motor is not synchronized in rotation, and therefore, the number of rotations is deviated due to individual differences between the motors, and beat vibration is generated. However, this vibration is a level obtained by adding a slight amplitude to the left and right vibration at the time of start-up, and no vibration that causes a practical problem is generated in the entire region from the start-up to the steady operation.

On the other hand, when the rotation direction is the same (Fig. (A)), a large vibration is generated in the left and right direction due to the unbalance force and the rotation inertia force at the time of start-up. Vibration occurs. In particular, a large vibration amplitude is generated at the time of startup, which causes a problem.
In this embodiment, the case where the piston at the time of starting is located at the bottom dead center and reverses completely in the same phase has been described. However, even if there is a slight displacement (about ± 30 degrees) in the piston position, the vibration slightly increases. Reduction can be achieved when rotating in the same direction.

  According to the present embodiment, a plurality of substantially identically configured compression mechanism portions are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction (left-right direction), and further installed on the base in the up-down direction via vibration-proof components, Since the left and right compressors are rotated in the opposite directions at the time of startup, the horizontal unbalance force and the rotational inertia force are canceled, and the vertical vibration can be suppressed to a small level. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress a horizontal vibration and a vertical vibration, and to obtain a compressor having a small vibration as a whole.

  Further, as another embodiment, the case where a plurality of compression mechanism portions are arranged adjacent to each other in the left-right direction has been described, but it is also possible to arrange them so as to be stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In this case, the unbalanced force in the left-right direction cannot be canceled and a moment is generated due to the unbalanced force in the up-down direction. it can. Furthermore, since the rotational inertia force of the motor at the time of start-up can be canceled as in the above-described embodiment, a compressor with low vibration can be obtained.

In addition, it is possible to obtain a similar effect by combining two or more units adjacent to each other on the left and right sides and two or more units adjacent to each other on the upper and lower sides as a configuration of four or more compressors.
Further, in this embodiment, the cooling fans 21 and 22 are provided on the side panel 24b, the cooling air guide 27 and the flow dividing plate 29 are provided, and the after cooler 9 is disposed at the upper part of the cooling air passage, and the motor and cylinder head portion. Since the cooling air is divided into the air tank and the aftercooler, not only the motor but also the cylinder head can be sufficiently cooled. Further, the air tank can be efficiently cooled and the aftercooler can be cooled.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the hermetic compressor structure is employed as the compression mechanism portion has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cooling efficiency can be improved even in the case of a compressor that forms a cooling fan integrally with the drive shaft 4b. In order to further improve, even when the cooling fans 21 and 22 are provided, the present invention can be similarly applied and the same effect can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which two compression mechanism units are provided has been described. However, a plurality of compression mechanism units may be used, and in the case of an even number of units, half of the compression mechanism units are arranged in the same direction and are opposite to each other. What is necessary is just to comprise so that it may rotate. In the case of an odd number of units, the same effect of vibration reduction can be obtained by arranging half of the compression mechanism units in the same direction and rotating them in reverse directions with the remaining even number except one.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which a plurality of compression mechanism units are configured to be simultaneously activated using the same switch means (ON-OFF switch 18) and rotate reversely to each other. The present invention is not limited, and the plurality of compression mechanisms may be activated substantially simultaneously using separate switch means. In addition, the plurality of compression mechanism portions can reduce vibration if they are activated so as to cancel the imbalance by rotating in the opposite directions, and the activation timings do not necessarily have to be the same.

1,11 Piping 2 Suction filter 3 Suction piping (3a, 3b ... piping)
4,5 Compression mechanism (4a, 4b ... piston, 4b, 5b ... drive shaft, 4c, 5c ... crank member, 4d, 5d ... connecting rod, 4e, 5e ... suction chamber, 4f, 5f ... discharge chamber, 4g, 5g ... motor, 4h, 5h ... crank chamber, 4i, 5i ... cylinder head, 4j, 5j ... cylinder, 4k ... bearing, 4l, 5l ... crankcase)
6 Air tank 7, 30 Common base (30a ... Notch, 30b ... Hole)
8 Discharge piping (8a, 8b ... discharge piping, 8c ... collective part)
9 After cooler 12 Suction side pressure switch 13 Discharge side pressure switch 16, 23 Magnetic contactor 17 Thermal relay 18 ON-OFF switch 21, 22 Cooling fan 24 Package (24a ... Front panel, 24b ... Right side panel, 24c ... Left side panel, 24d ... top panel)
27 Cooling air guide (27a ... Notch)
28 Ventilation hole 29 Diverging plate (29a ... hole)
31 Lower base 32 Bracket 33 Anti-vibration component 34 Flywheel balance (34a ... Balance weight)

Claims (20)

In a compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms including a piston and a connecting rod ,
An air tank installed on the lower base via vibration-proof parts, and a plurality of reciprocating compression mechanism parts juxtaposed in the same direction adjacent to the upper part of the air tank,
The plurality of compression mechanism portions are activated so as to cancel the unbalance force and the rotation inertia force by rotating the rotation directions opposite to each other, and the pistons and connecting rods of the plurality of compression mechanism portions are operated after the compressor is operated. A compressor characterized in that when stopped, the compressor is stationary at the bottom dead center due to the pressure of residual compressed air in the cylinder chamber, and is configured to rotate in opposite phases and in reverse rotation when restarted .   2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of compression mechanism portions have substantially the same structure and the same size.   3. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the pistons of the plurality of compression mechanisms reciprocate in the vertical direction.   The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a common base is installed at an upper portion of the air tank, and the plurality of compression mechanisms are installed on the common base.   The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of compression mechanism units are configured to be activated at substantially the same time and rotate in opposite directions.   6. The motors according to claim 5, wherein the motors of the plurality of compression mechanisms are connected and driven to the same three-phase AC power source through the same switch means, and two phases of the three phases are connected in reverse to each other. Thus, the compressor is configured to start at the same time and rotate reversely to each other.   In any one of Claims 1-6, when the number of the said some compression mechanism parts is an odd number, it excludes 1 unit | set, It is comprised so that a rotation direction may mutually reversely rotate by a half number with the remaining multiple units | sets. Features compressor.   In any one of Claims 1-7, the said vibration-proof component is vibration-proof rubber, and it receives the unbalanced force of the up-down direction of the said compression mechanism part with this vibration-proof rubber, and absorbs a vibration of an up-down direction. Features compressor. In a package type compressor having a plurality of compression mechanisms in a package composed of a lower base and a panel,
An air tank installed on the lower base of the package via a vibration isolating component;
A common base for mounting a plurality of compression mechanisms attached to the top of the air tank;
A reciprocating motion having a cylinder head juxtaposed in the same direction adjacent to the common base and having a vertically disposed cylinder head and a horizontally disposed motor for reciprocating a piston in the cylinder head vertically. A plurality of compression mechanisms of the formula;
A cooling fan provided on an upper portion of the panel of the package on the side where the motors of the plurality of compression mechanisms are disposed;
A cooling air guide that is attached to both ends of the common base at the side of the compression mechanism and guides the cooling air from the cooling fan;
A flow dividing plate disposed on the cylinder head side of the upper part of the motor and attached to the cooling air guide, and having a hole for passing a part of the cooling air from the cooling fan at a position facing the cylinder head; ,
An exhaust hole formed in a lower portion of the panel opposite to the panel to which the cooling fan is attached;
Compressor comprising: a. 10. The compressor according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of the cooling fans are provided on the panel at positions facing the motors of the plurality of compression mechanisms . 11. The cooling fan according to claim 10, wherein the lower end position of the cooling fan is installed at substantially the same level as the upper surface position of the motor, and the upper end position thereof is installed at substantially the same level as the upper end position of the cooling air guide. Compressor. The compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein a hole through which cooling air passes is not formed in the panel in which the air exhaust hole is formed, in addition to the air exhaust hole formed in the lower part of the panel . The compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 12 , wherein a notch portion is formed in the lower portion of the cooling air guide to allow the cooling air that has cooled the motor to pass therethrough and flow into the air tank . The compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 13 , wherein a passage through which cooling air passes is formed at both ends of the common base and a portion located between the plurality of compression mechanisms . 15. The compressor according to claim 14 , wherein a passage through which the cooling air passes is constituted by a notch portion formed on both ends of the common base and a hole formed in a central portion of the common base . 16. The aftercooler for cooling the discharge air from a compression mechanism part is installed in the upper part of the said cooling wind guide in any one of Claims 9-15, This aftercooler is from the said cooling fan with the said cooling wind guide. The cooling air is guided to the cylinder head side, and the discharge air is cooled by the cooling air . 17. The plurality of compression mechanism portions according to claim 9 , wherein the plurality of compression mechanism portions have substantially the same structure and the same size, and the plurality of compression mechanism portions are activated at the same time so that their rotation directions are reverse to each other. It is comprised in the compressor characterized by the above-mentioned. The compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 17 , wherein discharge pipes from the plurality of compression mechanism portions are joined at a gathering portion and then guided to the aftercooler . The compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 18 , wherein the discharge pipe from the compression mechanism portion is configured in a U shape that is once directed downward and then directed upward . In any one of Claims 1-9 , the said compressor is used as a booster compressor which pressurizes further the pressurized gas from the air compressor used as an original pressure as needed, and an original pressure and A compressor having a hermetic compressor structure for introducing the pressurized air into the crank chamber .

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