JP5411777B2 - Hot water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water apparatus that performs hot water heating by circulating hot water to a plurality of series of hot water panels, fan convectors, and the like.

  Conventionally, the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation of the air conditioner is performed when the temperature of the heat exchange temperature sensor is lower than the defrosting start temperature not only during the operation but also when the operation is stopped. By completely stopping the operation after that, it was possible to eliminate problems such as that sufficient heating capacity could not be obtained due to frost remaining in the outdoor heat exchanger at the start of reheating heating operation. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

  Further, in hot water floor heating using a heat pump as a heat source, when the heating operation is stopped, heat stored in a hot water circuit such as a hot water tank or a hot water panel naturally radiates heat.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-73536

In this conventional air conditioner, defrosting operation was performed when the operation was stopped, so it was effective for re-operation at an early time or when the outside air temperature was below freezing point. And wasted wasteful power.
In the latter conventional example, when the heating operation is stopped, the heat stored in the hot water circuit such as the hot water tank or the hot water panel is naturally radiated unnecessarily.

The present invention pays attention to this point and solves the above-mentioned drawbacks. In particular, the compressor, the refrigerant water heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the evaporator and the like whose capacity can be varied in multiple stages by an inverter device are connected by refrigerant piping. A heat pump cycle as a heat source, a heat source machine incorporating a hot water tank and a circulation pump, and a hot water heating device that circulates hot water to a radiator such as a hot water panel of a plurality of systems by the circulation pump. An outside air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the air sucked into the evaporator and a defrost sensor for detecting the temperature of the evaporator and a refrigerant pipe in the vicinity of the evaporator. The outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor is equal to or lower than the first predetermined temperature, and the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the heat exchange temperature detected by the defrost sensor is a second predetermined temperature. The circulation pump stops with the defrosting operation of the heat pump cycle when the above said or temperature of the defrosting sensor is a third predetermined temperature or higher, or, the compressor cumulative operation time after the start defrosting operation of the second When the predetermined time has elapsed, the defrosting operation is terminated and the circulation pump is restarted together with the heating operation. When the operation is stopped, the compressor integrated operation time is equal to or longer than a third predetermined time, and the outside air temperature is the first When the temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the circulating pump is operated together with the defrosting operation, and the temperature of the defrosting sensor is equal to or higher than a third predetermined temperature, or the compressor integrated operation time after the start of the defrosting operation is second. After the elapse of a predetermined time, a defrosting operation control means for completely stopping the operation is provided.

According to the present invention, since the required defrosting is performed even when the operation is stopped, conventionally, the defrosting operation was performed only during the operation. Therefore, when the operation is stopped immediately before starting the defrosting, the outdoor unit is attached. It becomes a frosted state, and it is possible to solve the disadvantage that the capacity is insufficient at the start of reheating heating operation and the warm air does not blow out easily.
In addition, the defrosting operation when the operation is stopped uses the heat stored in the hot water circuit such as the hot water tank and hot water panel, which was conventionally radiated naturally, so the defrosting time is short and efficient. Defrosting can be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. Explanatory drawing of the same outline. FIG.

Next, a hot water heater according to the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
1 is a heat source unit of a hot water heater, which is divided into two upper and lower chambers by a horizontal partition plate 2, a refrigeration circuit chamber 3 at the lower part, a hot water circuit room 4 at the upper part, It is connected to the installed floor heating hot water panel 6.
The refrigeration circuit chamber 3 has an air suction port 7 on the rear and left side and a blower port 8 on the front surface. The compressor 9, the evaporator 10, the expansion valve 11, the blower fan 12, and the refrigeration circuit control unit are provided inside. 13 etc. are provided.

  The hot water circuit chamber 4 is provided with a water supply lid 14 on the upper surface and a pipe outlet 15 on the rear surface. A refrigerant connection valve 16, a refrigerant water heat exchanger 17, a hot water tank 18, a circulation pump 19, and an outgoing hot water header 20 are provided inside. And the hot water circuit controller 21 and the like, and the refrigerant water heat exchanger 17, the hot water tank 18, the circulation pump 19, and the outgoing hot water header 20 are sequentially connected by the outgoing pipe 22.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a return hot water header through which hot water having a lowered temperature flows after being radiated by the hot water panel 6, and is connected to the refrigerant water heat exchanger 17 by a return pipe 24.
The outgoing hot water header 20 is capable of branching hot water into four directions, and a hot water control valve 25 such as a thermal valve is attached to each outlet after branching, and hot water control provided in the hot water circuit control unit 21 is provided. The temperature of the hot water panel 6 installed in each room is adjusted by adjusting the valve closing time of the thermal valve by the valve control means 21a.

The return hot water header 23 is provided with a return sensor 26 for detecting the temperature of the hot water returning from the hot water panel 6 in each room by a thermistor sensor or the like.
Reference numeral 27 denotes a hot water circuit which communicates the outgoing hot water header 20, the hot water connecting pipe 5, the hot water panel 6 and the return hot water header 23 and circulates the hot water to perform floor heating, depending on the number of connection ports of the hot water headers 20 and 23. Up to four hot water circuits 27 can be set.

The thermal valve 25 is opened until the temperature of the return sensor 26 of the same hot water circuit 27 reaches a set temperature, and the heating temperature is adjusted by adjusting the valve closing time after reaching the set temperature. Each room is heated according to the remote control 36 setting corresponding to the hot water circuit 27.
The compressor 9 adjusts the temperature of the incoming hot water by changing the rotational speed in multiple stages between about 15 to 105 Hz by an inverter drive circuit (not shown) provided in the refrigeration circuit control unit 13. The evaporator 10 is a fin-tube type heat exchanger which is vertically long and has a large number of thin aluminum plates penetrated by a copper tube, and is provided in a row in close contact with the windward and leeward sides. The copper pipes are provided in 24 stages on the top and bottom, and the liquid refrigerant depressurized by the expansion valve 11 flows into the inside, deprives the heat in the air, becomes gas at the outlet of the evaporator 10, and returns to the compressor 9.

  28 is a radiator provided between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 17 and the expansion valve 11, and is composed of two copper pipes above and below the lower end on the leeward side of the evaporator 10. The refrigerant heat exchanger 17 and the expansion valve 11 are connected. The aluminum thin plate on the leeward side of the evaporator 10 is shared and formed integrally with the evaporator 10 so that the internal heat exchanger can be used. Without increasing the discharge pressure, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Moreover, the unmelted residue in the defrosting operation can be prevented, and the efficiency of defrosting can be improved. Moreover, since the increase in discharge pressure is suppressed, an increase in power consumption of the compressor 9 can be suppressed, and a high COP can be realized.

The expansion valve 11 is an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree is controlled by the refrigeration circuit control unit 13 according to the rotational speed of the compressor 9, the temperature of each part of the refrigeration circuit, and the like.
The blower fan 12 is a resin propeller fan, and is rotated by a blower motor 29 having a variable number of rotations. The air suction port 7, the evaporator 10, the blower fan 12, and the blower outlet 8 form an outdoor blower passage 30, and evaporation. The vessel 10 takes heat from the outside air.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes an outside air temperature sensor provided inside the air suction port 7 for detecting the temperature of the intake air by a thermistor sensor or the like. Reference numeral 32 denotes a defrost sensor attached to the evaporator 10 that detects frost generated in the evaporator 10. Reference numeral 33 denotes a discharge temperature sensor attached to the surface of the discharge side refrigerant pipe of the compressor 9, which detects the temperature of the discharge refrigerant for controlling the capacity of the compressor 9. Reference numeral 34 denotes a heat exchange sensor provided in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 17 for adjusting the temperatures of the refrigeration circuit and the hot water circuit according to the temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. Reference numeral 35 denotes a forward sensor for detecting the temperature of the forward pipe 22, and the maximum temperature of each hot water panel 6 is determined by this temperature.

Reference numeral 36 denotes a remote controller as a temperature setting means for setting a necessary temperature in each room in which the hot water panel 6 is installed, a temperature setting switch 37 for selecting nine levels of temperature from the low temperature side to the high temperature side, and each room. An operation switch 38 for operating / stopping the heating is provided.
Further, the hot water panel 6 is prevented from overheating by setting the maximum temperature of the warm water going on the basis of the set temperatures of the remote controller 36.

  The refrigeration circuit control unit 13 includes a defrosting operation control unit 13a as a defrosting operation control unit. The integrated operation time of the compressor 9, the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 31, and the detection of the defrosting sensor 32. The defrosting operation is performed by the defrosting operation control unit 13a depending on the temperature of the evaporator 10 to be performed.

  The defrosting operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3. In s1, the operation of the floor heating is started by the operation switch 38 of the remote control 35, and the operation is being performed, and the operation switch 38 of each remote control 35 being operated in s2 is pressed. Thus, it is determined whether the operation stop operation is performed and the heating operation is stopped by all the remote controllers 35. If Yes, the process proceeds to s10, and if No, the process proceeds to s3.

The directions from s2 to s3 · s4 indicate the normal defrosting operation during the heating operation, and the directions of s10 · s11 indicate the defrosting operation when the heating operation is stopped.
In s3, the defrosting operation control unit 13a determines whether the accumulated operation time of the compressor 9 has reached the first predetermined time of 40 minutes, and the heating operation is continued until it reaches 40 minutes in No.

Next, in s4, the outside air temperature sensor 31 and the defrost sensor 32 are read, and the process proceeds to s5, where it is determined whether the outside air temperature is 2 ° C. or less which is the first predetermined temperature. If so, return to s1 and continue the heating operation.
Next, in s6, it is determined whether the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the evaporator 10 is larger than the second predetermined temperature of 8 deg. In Yes, the defrosting operation is started in s7, and in No, the heating operation is returned to s1. .

  Next, when the defrosting operation is started in s7, the expansion valve 11 is fully opened and a high-temperature refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 10 to defrost the frost adhering to the evaporator 10 surface. In order to concentrate the heat in the evaporator 10 and finish the defrosting operation in a short time, the circulation pump 19 of the hot water circuit 27 is stopped, so that the heat exchange in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 17 is not performed, Heat transfer to the circuit 27 is prevented.

In the next s8, the end condition of the defrosting operation is judged, and the temperature of the defrosting sensor 32 is equal to or higher than the third predetermined temperature of 5 ° C. or the defrosting time is the second predetermined time. It is determined whether 10 minutes have passed and the defrosting operation is continued until it becomes Yes. In s9, the expansion valve 10 returns to the heating opening, the circulation pump 19 is operated, and the defrosting operation is terminated. The heating operation is continued until the next defrosting operation.

When the operation for stopping the heating operation is performed in s2, the defrosting operation control unit 13a determines in s10 whether the accumulated operation time of the compressor 9 has reached the third predetermined time of 20 minutes. In No, it is determined that the defrosting operation is not necessary, and the process proceeds to s15 and the compressor 9 and the circulation pump 19 are all stopped. In Yes, the outside air temperature sensor 31 and the defrost sensor 32 are read in s11, and the process proceeds to s12 to determine whether the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than 2 ° C., which is the first predetermined temperature, and if Yes, the process proceeds to s13. The defrosting operation is started, and in No, the process proceeds to s15 and the compressor 9 and the circulation pump 19 are all stopped.

  In s13, when the defrosting operation is started, the expansion valve 11 is fully opened, a high-temperature refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 10 to defrost the frost adhering to the surface of the evaporator 10, and at this time, circulation of the hot water circuit 27 is performed. By actively operating the pump 19, defrosting is performed using the heat held by the hot water in the hot water circuit 27.

Next, in s14, the end condition of the defrosting operation is judged, and the temperature of the defrosting sensor 32 is equal to or higher than 5 ° C., which is the third predetermined temperature, or the defrosting time is the second predetermined time. It is determined whether 10 minutes have passed, and the defrosting operation is continued until Yes, and all stops at s15.

Thus, since the required defrosting is performed even when the operation is stopped, the outdoor unit has been frosted when the operation is stopped just before starting the defrosting because the defrosting operation was performed only during the operation. Thus, it is possible to eliminate the drawback that the warm air does not blow out easily due to insufficient capacity at the start of re-heating operation.
In addition, the defrosting operation when the operation is stopped uses the heat stored in the hot water circuit such as the hot water tank and hot water panel, which was conventionally radiated naturally, so the defrosting time is short and efficient. Defrosting can be performed.

  In this embodiment, the first predetermined value in the normal defrosting operation (outside air temperature 2 ° C. at s5) and the first predetermined value at the time of operation stop (outside air temperature 2 ° C. in s12) are set to the same temperature. Although used, different values may be used depending on the number of installed hot water panels and the installed state. Similarly, the third predetermined temperature, which is the temperature of the defrost sensor 32 at s8 and s14, is used at different temperatures. Is also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat source machine 6 Hot water panel 11 Expansion valve 13 Refrigeration circuit control part 13a Defrost operation control part 17 Refrigerant water heat exchanger 19 Circulation pump 21 Hot water circuit control part 31 Outside temperature sensor 32 Defrost sensor 36 Remote control 38 Operation switch

Claims (1)

A compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an evaporator and the like whose capacity can be varied in multiple stages by an inverter device are connected by refrigerant piping to form a heat pump cycle, and the heat pump cycle, hot water tank, and circulation pump as a heat source In a hot water heating apparatus that circulates hot water to a radiator such as a hot water panel of a plurality of systems by means of the circulation pump,
An outside air temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the air sucked into the evaporator and a defrost sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant pipe near the evaporator and the evaporator,
The compressor integrated operation time during heating operation is not less than the first predetermined time,
And the outside temperature which an outside temperature sensor detects is below the 1st predetermined temperature,
And when the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the heat exchange temperature detected by the defrost sensor is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the circulation pump is stopped together with the defrosting operation of the heat pump cycle,
Whether the temperature of the defrost sensor is equal to or higher than a third predetermined temperature,
Or, when the compressor integrated operation time after the start of the defrosting operation has passed the second predetermined time,
End the defrosting operation and restart the circulation pump along with the heating operation,
When the operation is stopped, the compressor integrated operation time is longer than the third predetermined time,
And when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a first predetermined temperature, the circulating pump is operated together with the defrosting operation ,
Whether the temperature of the defrost sensor is equal to or higher than a third predetermined temperature,
Or, after the compressor predetermined operating time after the start of the defrosting operation has passed the second predetermined time,
A hot water heating apparatus comprising defrosting operation control means for completely stopping operation.

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