JP5873768B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner that simultaneously performs a cooling operation by refrigerant circulation in summer and a heating operation by refrigerant circulation and hot water heating operation by hot water circulation such as floor heating in winter.

In a conventional air conditioner, an outdoor unit is divided into upper and lower parts by a horizontal partition plate, a refrigeration circuit chamber is formed at the lower part of this partition plate, and a hot water circuit chamber is formed at the upper part. The hot water circuit room is equipped with a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a circulation pump and a hot water header. The indoor unit equipped with the hot water header and the indoor heat exchanger is connected with hot water. Connected by piping, connecting the compressor, water-refrigerant heat exchanger, expansion valve, evaporator, etc. to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, water-refrigerant heat exchanger, hot water tank, circulation pump, hot water communication A pipe and an indoor heat exchanger are connected to form a hot water circulation circuit, and the heat pumped up from the evaporator in the refrigerant circulation circuit is transmitted to the hot water circulation path by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger Heat pump type hot water heating system that heats indoors with heat The evaporator is formed by a fin tube type heat exchanger, and a radiator is provided integrally with the evaporator in a refrigerant circulation circuit between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and an expansion valve. By being positioned at the lower end on the leeward side of the evaporator, it is possible to prevent frost from remaining in the defrosting operation during the heating operation and to improve the efficiency of the defrosting.
Further, it was possible to suppress an increase in discharge pressure, suppress an increase in power consumption of the compressor, and realize a high COP. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

JP 2010-144965 A

  The outdoor heat exchanger of the heat pump type hot water heating apparatus of this conventional example can suppress an increase in power consumption of the compressor in the heating operation, and can realize a high COP. -When a refrigerant circuit that connects the indoor unit in parallel to the refrigerant heat exchanger is provided and cooling operation is performed in the indoor unit, the hot upper refrigerant circulation path of the outdoor heat exchanger is changed to the cold lower refrigerant circulation path. The cooling effect of the indoor unit was greatly impaired by the flow of heat.

The present invention pays attention to this point and solves the above-mentioned drawbacks. In particular, the configuration is such that a refrigeration circuit chamber is formed in the lower part of the outdoor unit, and a hot water circuit chamber is formed in the upper part. An expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant connection valve, a blower fan, etc., and an indoor unit provided with the refrigerant connection valve and the heat exchanger for air conditioning is connected by a refrigerant communication pipe to form a refrigerant circulation circuit. The hot water circuit room is equipped with a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a circulation pump and a hot water header, etc., and the hot water heater equipped with the hot water header and a heating heat exchanger such as floor heating is used as a hot water communication pipe. Connected to each other to form a hot water circulation circuit, an air conditioner that performs cooling operation or heating operation in an indoor unit by switching the refrigerant circulation circuit, and performs hot water heating by the hot water circulation circuit, the refrigerant circulation circuit is Between the four-way valve and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger The first three-way valve is provided with a second three-way valve between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and a first expansion valve is provided between the second three-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger. The exchanger is formed of a fin tube type heat exchanger, and the refrigerant circulation path is divided into upper and lower parts, and a second expansion valve is provided between the upper refrigerant circulation path and the lower refrigerant circulation path, and the first The three-way valve and the second three-way valve distribute the refrigerant to both the water-refrigerant heat exchanger side and the indoor unit side, the first expansion valve is fully opened, and the second expansion valve is throttled to lower the upper refrigerant flow path. The lower refrigerant flow path becomes high temperature, the upper refrigerant flow path is heated to perform heating in the indoor unit and hot water heating at the same time, and during the cooling operation, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are on the indoor unit side. The second expansion valve is fully opened and the first expansion valve is throttled so that the upper refrigerant flows. It is to cool only the indoor unit through path and the lower refrigerant flow path together with a high temperature.

  According to this invention, in the heating operation, it is possible to prevent unmelted residue in the defrosting operation, and it is possible to improve the efficiency of the defrosting. An increase in discharge pressure can be suppressed, an increase in power consumption of the compressor can be suppressed, and a high COP can be realized. Therefore, the cooling operation can prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the indoor unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. Explanatory drawing of the principal part.

Next, an air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
Reference numeral 1 denotes an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, which is divided into two upper and lower chambers by a horizontal partition plate 2, which includes a refrigeration circuit chamber 3 at a lower portion and a hot water circuit chamber 4 at an upper portion. Are connected to the floor heating panel 8 by a hot water communication pipe 7.
Inside the refrigeration circuit chamber 3, a compressor 9, a four-way valve 10,
An outdoor heat exchanger 11, an expansion valve 12, a blower fan 13, a refrigeration circuit control unit 14, and the like are provided.
Inside the hot water circuit chamber 4, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, an auxiliary heater 16, a hot water tank 17, a circulation pump 18, a hot water header 19, a hot water circuit control unit 20, and the like are provided.
The indoor unit 6 includes a fin tube type indoor heat exchanger 21, an indoor fan 22, and an indoor controller 23.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a refrigeration circuit in which the compressor 9, the four-way valve 10, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the expansion valve 12, and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are communicated with each other through a refrigerant pipe 25. The four-way valve 10 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger are connected to each other. 15 is provided with a first three-way valve 26, and a second three-way valve 27 is provided between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11.
The first three-way valve 26 and the second three-way valve 27 are connected to the indoor heat exchanger 21 via the refrigerant connection valve 28 and the refrigerant communication pipe 5.

  The outdoor heat exchanger 11 is a fin tube type heat exchanger in which a large number of thin aluminum fins are penetrated by copper pipes, and the refrigerant circulation path is divided into upper and lower parts, the upper refrigerant circulation path 29 is large, and the lower part thereof A relatively small lower refrigerant flow path 30 is provided.

  A first expansion valve 12a is provided between the second three-way valve 27 and the lower refrigerant circulation path 30, and a second expansion valve 12b is provided between the upper refrigerant circulation path 29 and the lower refrigerant circulation path 30, for heating. During operation, the first expansion valve 12a is fully opened, and the second expansion valve 12b is throttled at an opening degree according to a command from the refrigeration circuit control unit 14 according to the number of revolutions of the compressor 9 and the state of the refrigeration circuit. After the relatively hot refrigerant returned from the refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 heats the lower refrigerant flow path 30, the refrigerant that has been cooled down by being squeezed and depressurized by the second expansion valve 12b becomes the upper refrigerant. The flow path 29 is cooled to absorb heat from the air and sent to the compressor 9. Here, since an increase in discharge pressure can be suppressed by the lower refrigerant flow path 30, an increase in power consumption of the compressor 9 can be suppressed, and a high COP can be realized. Further, it is possible to prevent unmelted residue in the defrosting operation and improve the efficiency of defrosting.

  During the cooling operation, the second expansion valve 12b is fully opened, and the first expansion valve 12a is throttled at an opening degree according to a command from the refrigeration circuit control unit 14 according to the rotational speed of the compressor 9 and the state of the refrigeration circuit, and compressed. A high-temperature refrigerant flows from the machine 9 to the upper refrigerant flow path 29, the second expansion valve 12b, and the lower refrigerant flow path 30 to radiate heat to the air, and is then depressurized by the first expansion valve 12a. After flowing to the exchanger 21, the indoor unit 6 cools the room. In the cooling operation, the refrigerant does not flow to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, and the entire capacity is used for the cooling operation of the indoor unit 6.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a hot water circuit in which the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the auxiliary heater 16, the hot water tank 17, and the circulation pump 18 are communicated with the floor heating panel 8 through the hot water header 19 and the hot water connection pipe 7 through the hot water pipe 32. Thus, the circulation amount of the warm water is adjusted by connecting the circulation pump 18 and the warm water header 19 and between the warm water header 19 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 by the bypass circuit 33.

  The indoor heat exchanger 21 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are connected in parallel to the refrigeration circuit 24. By switching between the two three-way valves 26 and 27 and the four-way valve 10, the indoor heat exchanger is operated during cooling operation. The refrigerant is circulated only to the 21 side to cool the room, and during the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated to both the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, and the indoor unit 6 performs the heating operation by warm air, The heating panel 8 performs the floor heating operation by circulating hot water at the same time or only one of them.

The compressor 9 changes the rotational speed in multiple stages according to the amount of heat required by an inverter drive circuit (not shown) provided in the refrigeration circuit control unit 14.
The expansion valves 12a and 12b are electronic expansion valves whose opening degree is controlled by the refrigeration circuit control unit 14 according to the rotational speed of the compressor 9, the temperature of each part of the refrigeration circuit, and the like.
The blower fan 13 is a resin propeller fan, which is rotated by a blower motor (not shown) having a variable number of rotations, and blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to perform heat exchange.

The indoor unit 6 is driven by an indoor blower fan 22 and sucks indoor air from a suction port (not shown) provided on the front surface and the upper surface, and exchanges heat with the indoor heat exchanger 21, and then is provided at the lower front surface. The air whose temperature is adjusted is blown into the room from the air outlet (not shown).
A refrigerant connection valve 34 connects the indoor unit 6 and the refrigerant communication pipe 5.

  The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is composed of a double pipe having an inner pipe inserted into the outer pipe. The outer surface of the inner pipe is configured so that a large number of fins are erected to increase the heat exchange efficiency inside and outside the inner pipe. By making a hot water path (not shown) through which water passes inside the inner pipe of the double pipe and a refrigerant path (not shown) through which refrigerant passes between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, It is possible to heat the water passing through the heat exchange.

  Reference numeral 35 denotes a discharge temperature sensor attached to the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor 9, which measures the discharge temperature of the compressor 9 and sends a signal to the refrigeration circuit control unit 14. Reference numeral 36 denotes an outside air temperature sensor provided on the upstream side of an outdoor air flow path (not shown) in the refrigeration circuit chamber 3, and measures the outside air temperature. Reference numeral 37 denotes a heat exchange sensor that is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 and measures the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to control the defrosting operation. Reference numeral 38 denotes a refrigerant intermediate sensor that is attached to the middle of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and measures the temperature of the refrigerant.

  Reference numeral 39 denotes a forward hot water sensor which is attached to a hot water pipe between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the auxiliary heater 16 and measures the pipe temperature. A heater pipe sensor 40 is attached to a hot water pipe between the auxiliary heater 16 and the hot water tank 17 and measures the pipe temperature. Reference numeral 41 denotes a return hot water sensor which is attached to a hot water pipe between the floor heating panel 8 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and measures the pipe temperature. A safety thermostat 42 detects overheating of the auxiliary heater 16, and two are attached to the upper surface of the auxiliary heater 16. 43 is a room temperature sensor provided on the indoor air suction side.

  Explaining the cooling operation, the second expansion valve 12b is fully opened during the cooling operation, and the first expansion valve 12a responds to a command from the refrigeration circuit control unit 14 according to the rotational speed of the compressor 9 and the state of the refrigeration circuit. The high-temperature upper side, which is throttled by the opening degree, flows from the compressor 9 via the four-way valve 10 to the upper refrigerant flow path 29, the second expansion valve 12b, and the lower refrigerant flow path 30, and acts as a condenser. Heat is dissipated by the outside air being sent by the blower fan 13 to the refrigerant flow path 29 and the lower refrigerant flow path 30. Thereafter, the pressure is reduced by the first expansion valve 12a and flows from the second three-way valve 27 to the indoor heat exchanger 21. In the indoor unit 6, the indoor heat exchanger 21 becomes a low temperature, and the cold air heat-exchanged by the indoor fan 22 is indoors. The air is blown out. In the cooling operation, the refrigerant does not flow to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 by the three-way valves 26 and 27, and the entire capacity is used for the cooling operation of the indoor unit 6.

  Explaining the heating operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 9 is switched to the heating side by the four-way valve 10, and is distributed to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 side and the indoor unit 6 side by the first three-way valve 26. The hot water in the hot water circuit 31 is heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and floor heating is performed with the hot water flowing in the floor heating panel 8. At the same time, a high-temperature refrigerant flows in the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the indoor unit 6 Heating with warm air is performed at The distribution of the refrigerant in the three-way valves 26 and 27 during the heating operation differs depending on the temperature setting of the indoor unit 6 and the floor heating. For example, at the start of the heating operation, heating with warm air can increase the room temperature faster than floor heating. The operation is performed by increasing the refrigerant on the indoor unit 6 side and gradually increasing the refrigerant amount to the hot water side of the floor heating when the room temperature rises to the set temperature. During the heating operation, the first expansion valve 12a is fully opened, and the second expansion valve 12b is throttled at an opening degree according to a command from the refrigeration circuit control unit 14 according to the rotational speed of the compressor 9 and the state of the refrigeration circuit. -After the relatively hot refrigerant returned from the refrigerant heat exchange 15 or the indoor heat exchanger 21 heats the lower refrigerant flow path 30, the refrigerant that has been cooled down by the second expansion valve 12b and depressurized becomes the upper side. The refrigerant flow path 29 is cooled to absorb heat from the air and sent to the compressor 9. Here, since an increase in discharge pressure can be suppressed by the lower refrigerant flow path 30, an increase in power consumption of the compressor 9 can be suppressed, and a high COP can be realized. Further, it is possible to prevent unmelted residue in the defrosting operation and improve the efficiency of defrosting.

  Thus, in heating operation, unmelted residue in the defrosting operation can be prevented, and the efficiency of defrosting can be improved. An increase in discharge pressure can be suppressed, an increase in power consumption of the compressor can be suppressed, and a high COP can be realized. Therefore, the cooling operation can prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the indoor unit.

1 outdoor unit 6 indoor unit 8 floor heating panel 9 compressor 11 outdoor heat exchanger 12a first expansion valve 12b second expansion valve 15 water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 indoor heat exchanger 29 upper refrigerant flow path 30 lower refrigerant flow Route

Claims (1)

A refrigeration circuit room is formed in the lower part of the outdoor unit, and a hot water circuit room is formed in the upper part.The refrigeration circuit room includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant connection valve, a blower fan, etc. An indoor unit equipped with a refrigerant connection valve and an air conditioner heat exchanger is connected by a refrigerant communication pipe to form a refrigerant circulation circuit. The hot water circuit chamber includes a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a circulation pump, A hot water header provided with a hot water header and the like, and a hot water heater equipped with a heat exchanger for heating such as floor heating are connected by a hot water communication pipe to form a hot water circulation circuit, and the indoor unit is switched by switching the refrigerant circulation circuit In the air conditioner that performs cooling operation or heating operation in the air conditioner and performs hot water heating by the hot water circulation circuit, the refrigerant circulation circuit includes a first three-way valve between a four-way valve and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, The second three-way valve between the refrigerant heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger A first expansion valve is provided between the second three-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger is formed of a fin-tube heat exchanger, and the refrigerant flow path is divided vertically, A second expansion valve is provided between the refrigerant flow path and the lower refrigerant flow path, and during the heating operation, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve distribute the refrigerant to both the water-refrigerant heat exchanger side and the indoor unit side. At the same time, the first expansion valve is fully opened, and the second expansion valve is throttled to lower the temperature of the upper refrigerant flow path, the temperature of the lower refrigerant flow path becomes high, and the upper refrigerant flow path is heated to indoor units. In the cooling operation, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve flow the refrigerant only to the indoor unit side, the second expansion valve is fully opened, and the first expansion valve is throttled to restrict the upper refrigerant. distribution channels and the lower refrigerant flow path together with the high temperature cooling only indoor unit An air conditioner characterized by and.

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