JP5399134B2 - Seedling box installation device - Google Patents

Seedling box installation device Download PDF

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JP5399134B2
JP5399134B2 JP2009137627A JP2009137627A JP5399134B2 JP 5399134 B2 JP5399134 B2 JP 5399134B2 JP 2009137627 A JP2009137627 A JP 2009137627A JP 2009137627 A JP2009137627 A JP 2009137627A JP 5399134 B2 JP5399134 B2 JP 5399134B2
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box
seedling
arranging machine
treader
seedling box
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JP2010279336A5 (en
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勝 尾嶋
孝一 本田
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有限会社ピポリー技研製作所
本田農機工業株式会社
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Description

田植え機用の苗を育成するのに、多数の苗箱に播種してこれらをハウス内の整地した床土の上に整然と並べ、温度や潅水を集中的に管理することが行われている。
このとき苗箱を並べるのに使用するのが、箱並べ機である。箱並べ機にもいろいろあるが、代表的なものはハウスの横幅(間口)とほぼ同じ長さを有し、その中央に備える車輪をハウスの中央に縦方向(奥行き方向)に長く敷いた2本のレールに沿って移動する構造になっている。この箱並べ機の上に苗箱を積んだ箱ホッパーを横方向に移動可能に搭載し、箱ホッパーを箱並べ機の長さ方向すなわちハウスの横幅に沿って移動しながら、苗箱を床土の上に順次降ろして並べる。ハウスの横幅いっぱいに苗箱を横一列並べ終えたら、箱並べ機を前進し、次の一列に苗箱を並べていく。この作業を繰り返して多数の苗箱を縦と横に揃えてハウスの敷地全面に整然と並べる。
本発明は、このような箱並べ機の改良に関する。
In order to grow seedlings for rice planting machines, sowing seeds in a large number of seedling boxes and arranging them on a leveled floor soil in a house, temperature and irrigation are intensively managed.
At this time, a box sorter is used to arrange the seedling boxes. There are various box arrangement machines, but a typical one has the same length as the width of the house (frontage), and the wheel provided in the center is laid in the center of the house in the vertical direction (depth direction) 2 It is structured to move along a book rail. A box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is mounted on this box arranging machine so that it can move in the horizontal direction, and the box hopper is moved along the length of the box arranging machine, that is, along the width of the house, Lower and line up on top. When the seedling boxes are arranged in a row across the width of the house, the box arranging machine is advanced and the seedling boxes are arranged in the next line. This process is repeated to arrange many seedling boxes vertically and horizontally and orderly on the entire site of the house.
The present invention relates to an improvement of such a box sorter.

箱並べ機を使って苗箱を並べる際、重要なのは苗箱と床土の密着である。
苗箱は床土の上に単に置いただけでは、床土との接触が不充分で、根が床土に伸びきれない。このため苗箱を床土に置いた後、苗箱を踏むなど荷重をかけて苗箱の底面と床土の間に隙間が出来ないように密着させる。
このように並べ終えた苗箱を床土に押し付ける作業を箱踏みと称するが、ポット式の苗箱ではこの箱踏みが特に重要である。ポット式の苗箱は、内部が多数のポットに区画され、各ポットは互いに独立しているため、ひとつでもポットが床土から浮いていると、そのポットの苗は育たない、という性質がある。実際の床土は、表面が完全に平坦ではなく多少の凹凸があるため、苗箱を単に置いただけでは、床土の凹みに位置したポットは底面が浮きやすい。これを避けるためポット式の苗箱では箱踏みを必ず行う。換言すると箱踏みをしないと、苗箱の敷設は完了したことにならない。
箱踏みの最も簡単な方法は、苗箱の上に幅の広い平板(踏み板)を渡し、その上を作業者が踏むというやり方である。この方法は経済的であるが、踏み終えるたびに踏み板を次の苗箱の上に移動しなければならないという不便がある。苗箱を設置するハウスが広いと、踏み板の移動も重労働で能率も上がらない。しかも毎回同じ荷重で踏み付けるのは難しいから、荷重の過不足が避けられない。踏みすぎて苗箱を破損したり、踏み足りなくて密着不足になったりする。
When arranging seedling boxes using a box arranging machine, the important thing is the close contact between the seedling box and the floor soil.
If the seedling box is simply placed on the floor soil, the contact with the floor soil is insufficient, and the roots cannot be extended to the floor soil. For this reason, after placing the seedling box on the floor soil, a load is applied, such as stepping on the seedling box, and the seedling box is closely attached so that there is no gap between the bottom surface of the seedling box and the floor soil.
The operation of pressing the seedling boxes arranged in this way against the floor soil is referred to as box stepping, and this stepping is particularly important in a pot type seedling box. A pot-type seedling box is divided into a large number of pots, and each pot is independent of each other. Therefore, if even one pot floats off the floor soil, the seedling in that pot will not grow. . Since the actual floor soil is not completely flat and has some irregularities, the bottom of the pot located in the recess of the floor soil is easily lifted by simply placing the seedling box. To avoid this, be sure to step on the pot-type seedling box. In other words, laying the seedling box is not complete unless the box is stepped on.
The simplest method of stepping on a box is to pass a wide flat plate (stepping board) on the seedling box, and an operator steps on it. Although this method is economical, there is an inconvenience that the tread board must be moved onto the next seedling box each time it is stepped on. If the house where the seedling box is set up is large, the movement of the tread board is hard work and the efficiency is not improved. Moreover, since it is difficult to step on the same load every time, it is inevitable that the load is excessive or insufficient. If you step on it too much, the seedling box will be damaged, or if you don't step on it, it will become insufficient.

箱踏みと共に重要なのは、箱並べ機の左右のバランス確保である。箱並べ機は横に長いため、ハウス内の中央に敷設した幅の狭いレールだけでは、バランスの確保が極めて難しい。箱ホッパーが横に移動すると、重心が機体中央から外れて、簡単にバランスを崩してしまう。箱並べ機が大型化し横方向の長さが長大化すると、箱ホッパーの移動距離が延びるため、バランスを失い易い傾向はさらに強まる。
バランス確保の簡単な解決法は、箱並べ機の左右の端に車輪を設け、これをハウスの左右の壁際に沿って敷いた補助レールに沿って移動させる方法である。この方法によれば、箱ホッパーがどこに位置してもバランスが保てる。
しかしこれにも問題がある。補助レールの敷設工事だけ経費が余分に嵩むことと、この余分なレールのために苗箱を置くスペースが犠牲となることである。
Along with box treading, it is important to secure the left and right balance of the box sorter. Since the box arrangement machine is long horizontally, it is extremely difficult to secure the balance with only the narrow rail laid in the center of the house. If the box hopper moves sideways, the center of gravity will deviate from the center of the fuselage and easily lose balance. When the box arrangement machine becomes larger and the lateral length becomes longer, the movement distance of the box hopper is increased, so that the tendency to lose balance further increases.
A simple solution for ensuring balance is to provide wheels at the left and right ends of the boxing machine and move them along auxiliary rails laid along the left and right walls of the house. According to this method, the balance can be maintained wherever the box hopper is located.
But this also has problems. The cost for the construction of the auxiliary rails is excessive, and the space for the seedling boxes is sacrificed for the extra rails.

これらの問題の解消を意図とした発明は、既に提案されている。
そのうちのある例は、苗並べ機の後部に踏み板を吊持ちにした構造で、苗箱を横一列並べ終えたら、その上に踏み板を降ろして作業者が踏み板に乗って苗箱を踏み付けるのである(特許文献1)
この場合、踏み板は苗並べ機に吊持ちに取付けられ、苗並び機と共に一緒に移動するから、踏み板を持ち運ぶ労力が省略でき便利はいい。しかし作業者が踏み付けるという点では変わりないから、苗箱を押す力に過不足を生じやすいという問題は依然と解消しない。
またバランス確保を意図した例としては、苗並べ機の端に昇降自在のスタンド板を設け、苗箱を並べている最中は地面に降ろして機体を支持し、移動するときは上にはね上げる構造である(特許文献2)。
これの欠点は、スタンド板を上げるときに土を周囲に飛散し、苗箱の上に落としてしまうことである。スタンド板を地面に下ろすと、機体の重さでスタンド板が膨軟な床土の中に容易に沈んで、スタンド板の上に土が乗ることがあるが、この土がスタンド板を上げるときに周囲に飛散する。飛散した土が床土に置いた苗箱の上に落ちると、苗の生育に良くない。
Inventions intended to solve these problems have already been proposed.
One of them is a structure in which a footboard is suspended at the rear of the seedling arranging machine, and when the seedling boxes are arranged side by side, the footboard is lowered onto the seedling box so that the operator can step on the seedling box on the footboard. Yes (Patent Document 1)
In this case, the tread board is attached to the seedling arranging machine in a suspended manner and moves together with the seedling arranging machine, so that the labor for carrying the tread board can be omitted, which is convenient. However, since it does not change in that the operator steps on it, the problem that the force of pushing the seedling box tends to be excessive or insufficient still remains.
In addition, as an example intended to ensure balance, a stand plate that can be raised and lowered is provided at the end of the seedling arranging machine, and while the seedling boxes are being arranged, it is lowered to the ground to support the machine, and when moving, it is raised up The structure (Patent Document 2).
The disadvantage of this is that when raising the stand board, the soil is scattered around and dropped onto the seedling box. When the stand board is lowered to the ground, the stand board will easily sink into the soft floor soil due to the weight of the aircraft, and soil may get on the stand board, but when this soil raises the stand board Splashes around. If the scattered soil falls on the seedling box placed on the floor soil, it is not good for seedling growth.

特許2733834号公報Japanese Patent No. 2733834 特許2732234号公報Japanese Patent No. 2732234

このように従来は、多数の苗箱を人力によらずに一度に確実に踏み付けるものはなかったし、箱並べ機のバランスを適正に維持するものも存在しなかった。
そこで本発明が解決しようとする課題は、どのようにしたら多数の苗箱を簡単確実に踏み付けられるかということと、箱並べ機の姿勢をどのようしたら土を撥ねずに安定して支持できるか、ということにある。
これらの課題の解決は、ハウスが大型化し、並べる苗箱の数が増大するに従い、益々強く求められている。本発明はそうした要請に応え、懸案の課題を解決するものである。
Thus, conventionally, there has been no one that reliably steps a large number of seedling boxes at once without relying on human power, and there is no one that properly maintains the balance of the box arrangement machine.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to easily and reliably step on a large number of seedling boxes and how to stably support the position of the box arranging machine without repelling the soil. That's it.
The solution to these problems is strongly demanded as the size of the house increases and the number of seedling boxes arranged increases. The present invention responds to such a demand and solves the problem of concern.

本発明の第1の目的は、箱並べ機で並べた苗箱を人力によら機械的に確実に踏み付けて床土との間に隙間のないように押し付けることである。
第2の目的は、補助レールのような余分なレールを敷設しないで箱並べ機の左右のバランスを維持することである。
The first object of the present invention is to press the seedling boxes arranged by the box arranging machine mechanically reliably without depending on human power so that there is no gap with the floor soil.
The second purpose is to maintain the left and right balance of the box arranging machine without laying extra rails such as auxiliary rails.

請求項1に係る発明は、苗箱を積んだ箱ホッパーを横長の機体に沿ってハウスの横方向に間欠的に移動し、苗箱を1枚つ床土の上に下ろして横に並べ、横一列を並べ終えたら機体をハウス中央の縦方向のレールに沿って苗箱1枚の距離だけ前進し、次の横一列を並べるようにして成る箱並べ機と、回転軸がハウスの横方向に平行な鎮圧ロールを前記苗箱の横一列の長さに亘り設けると共に前記鎮圧ロールの動力源を搭載して成る箱踏み機と、より構成し、
前記箱並べ機の後方に前記箱踏み機を上下方向のZ軸を中心に旋回可能に連結して、鎮圧ロールの回転により箱並べ機の移動と苗箱の踏み付けを行い、
そして前記箱踏み機の左右両端より前方に向け箱並べ機支持体を張り出し、これら箱並べ機支持体と箱並べ機の間に設けた支持輪により、箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持することを特徴とする。
According to claim 1 invention is intermittently moved in the transverse direction of the house along the box hopper loaded with seedling box to oblong body, side by side Lower the seedling box on a piece not a One bed soil When the horizontal row is finished, the machine is moved forward by a distance of one seedling box along the vertical rail in the center of the house and the next horizontal row is aligned. And a box treader provided with a pressure roll parallel to the direction over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box and mounted with a power source of the pressure roll,
The box treader is connected to the rear of the box aligner so as to be pivotable about the Z axis in the vertical direction, and the box aligner is moved and the seedling is stepped on by rotation of the pressure reducing roll.
Then, a box arranging machine support is projected forward from the left and right ends of the box treader, and the left and right ends of the box arranging machine are made into a box treader by a support ring provided between the box arranging machine support and the box arranging machine. On the other hand, it is supported so that the position can be changed .

請求項2に係る発明は、前記箱並べ機支持体を水平な受けレールにより構成し、この受けレールの上に箱並べ機の左右の底部に設けた前記支持輪を移動可能に乗せ、これにより箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持することを特徴とする。 The invention which concerns on Claim 2 comprises the said box sorter support body by a horizontal receiving rail, on which the said support wheel provided in the bottom part of the left and right of a box sorter is mounted on this receiving rail so that movement is possible, It is characterized in that the left and right ends of the box arranging machine are supported so that the position of the box arranging machine can be changed .

請求項3に係る発明は、前記箱並べ機支持体を受けアームにより構成し、この受けアームに前記支持輪を取り付け、箱並べ機の左右の底面を前記支持輪の上に当て、これにより箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 3 is configured such that the box arranging machine support is constituted by a receiving arm, the support wheels are attached to the receiving arm, and the left and right bottom surfaces of the box arranging machine are put on the support wheels, whereby the box The left and right ends of the line-up machine are supported with respect to the box treader so that the position can be changed.

請求項1の発明によれば、箱並べ機の後方に箱踏み機を連結し、また、鎮圧ロールが苗箱の横一列の長さに亘り設けてあるので、鎮圧ロールを駆動回転すると箱踏み機が箱並べ機を押すように両者一体となって前進し、並べ終えたばかりの苗箱を横一列全部同時に踏み付けることができ人力の箱踏み作業に比べ正確で能率がすこぶる良い。
また、前進するとき鎮圧ロール自身が回転するから、箱踏み機の機体重量が重くても、鎮圧ロールはスリップしないで確実に移動し箱並べ機を推進できる。
また、箱踏み機は箱並べ機に対しZ軸を中心に自由に旋回(ヨーイング)可能だから、鎮圧ロールが箱踏み機の右と左で回転がずれて進む距離に差が生じても支障なく箱並べ機を押したり引いたりできる。
さらに、箱並べ機の左右両端が箱並べ機支持体及び支持輪を介して箱踏み機により位置変更可能に支持されるので、ヨーイングにより箱踏み機と箱並べ機の相対位置が変化しても関係なく箱並べ機を支持でき、それにより従来の補助レールが廃止でき、土はねの原因となるスタンド板も省略できる。
According to the invention of claim 1, the box treader is connected to the rear of the box arranging machine, and the pressure reducing roll is provided over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box. Both machines move forward as if the machine pushes the box arranging machine, and the seedling boxes that have just been arranged can be stepped on in the horizontal row at the same time, which is more accurate and efficient than human-made box stepping work .
Further, since the pressure reducing roll itself rotates when moving forward, even if the weight of the box treader is heavy, the pressure reducing roll can move reliably without slipping and the box arranging machine can be promoted.
In addition, since the box treader can freely turn (yaw) around the Z axis with respect to the box aligner, there is no problem even if there is a difference in the distance the crushing roll travels out of rotation on the right and left of the box treader. You can push and pull the box sorter.
Furthermore, since the left and right ends of the box aligner are supported by the box treader via the box aligner support and support wheels so that the position of the box aligner can be changed, even if the relative position of the box treader and the box aligner changes due to yawing. Regardless of the case, it can support the box arranging machine, so that the conventional auxiliary rail can be abolished and the stand plate that causes soil splash can be omitted.

請求項の発明によれば、箱並べ機支持体の受けレールが水平だから前記支持輪が受けレールの上を移動しても箱踏み機の左右の高さが一定で安定した姿勢がバランスよく維持できる。 According to the invention of claim 2 , since the receiving rail of the box arranging machine support is horizontal, even if the support wheel moves on the receiving rail, the left and right height of the box treader is constant and a stable posture is balanced. Can be maintained.

請求項3の発明によれば、箱並べ機支持体の受けアームに前記支持輪を取り付けるから箱並べ機側に格別の器具は必要なく、既存の箱並べ機をそのまま利用できる。 According to the invention of claim 3, since the support wheel is attached to the receiving arm of the box sorter support, no special equipment is required on the box sorter side, and the existing box sorter can be used as it is.

苗箱を敷き詰めた状態を示すハウスの斜視図Perspective view of the house showing the seedling box 図1の正面図Front view of FIG. 本発明を実施した苗箱敷設装置の概念図Conceptual diagram of a seedling box laying apparatus embodying the present invention 図3の箱踏み機の正面図Front view of the box treader of FIG. 図3の箱踏み機の平面図Plan view of the box treader of FIG. 図3の箱踏み機の動力伝動系側面図Side view of the power transmission system of the box pedal shown in FIG. 図3の箱踏み機の動作フロー図Operation flow diagram of the box treader of FIG. 本発明を実施した苗箱敷設装置の詳細な平面図で左半分を省略して示す。The left half is abbreviate | omitted and shown by the detailed top view of the seedling box laying apparatus which implemented this invention. 図8の右側面図Right side view of FIG. 図8の正面図で箱ホッパーが右に移動した状態を示す。The state which the box hopper moved to the right in the front view of FIG. 8 is shown. 図8の箱ホッパーが停止し苗箱を降ろす前の状態を示す。The state before the box hopper of FIG. 8 stops and the seedling box is lowered is shown. 図8の箱ホッパーが苗箱を降ろす状態を示す。The state which the box hopper of FIG. 8 lowers a seedling box is shown. 図8の箱ホッパーの動作フロー図Operation flow diagram of box hopper of FIG. 本発明の別の実施例における箱踏み機の側面図Side view of a box treader in another embodiment of the present invention 本発明の箱並べ機の支持構造に関する別の例の側面図Side view of another example related to the support structure of the box arranging machine of the present invention

本発明の実施の形態を図面に示す。
図1、2において、1は光透過性のシートで覆ったハウスで、内部の中央にハウスの奥行き方向(縦方向)に沿う縦レール2が2本平行に設けてある。3は苗箱で、図1、2は全部の敷設が終った状態を示す。
実施の形態の苗箱3はポット式で、薄い1枚のプラスチック板を成形して多数のポット(窪み)を縦横に連続して並べた構造になっている。ポットの底には孔が明いている。各ポットには培土を入れ種籾を撒いておく。使用する苗箱はポット式に限らない。平底に多数の孔を明けたマット苗用の苗箱でもよい。
Embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a house covered with a light-transmitting sheet, and two vertical rails 2 extending in the depth direction (longitudinal direction) of the house are provided in parallel at the center of the interior. 3 is a seedling box, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show a state where all the laying has been completed.
The seedling box 3 of the embodiment is of a pot type and has a structure in which a thin plastic plate is formed and a large number of pots (dents) are continuously arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. There is a hole in the bottom of the pot. Put the soil in each pot and sow seeds. The seedling box to be used is not limited to the pot type. A mat seedling box with a large number of holes in the flat bottom may be used.

図3は本発明装置の平面図を簡略化した概念図である。
Aは箱並べ機で、Bは箱踏み機を示す。両者は左右方向のX軸、前後方向のY軸及び上下方向のZ軸を中心に揺動可能に連結している。
4は箱並べ機Aの台車で、車輪5を有し、縦レール2に沿い、すなわちハウス1の奥行き方向(縦方向)に沿い、移動する。6は箱踏み機Bの連結器で、箱踏み機Bの左半分と右半分にそれぞれ備える連結アーム7,7の中央とX軸を介して連結する。連結アーム7,7は箱踏み機Bに対しY軸を介して連結する。連結器6は、台車4に対しZ軸を介して連結する。
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a simplified plan view of the apparatus of the present invention.
A is a box arrangement machine and B is a box treader. Both are connected so as to be swingable around the X axis in the horizontal direction, the Y axis in the front-rear direction, and the Z axis in the vertical direction.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a cart of the box arrangement machine A, which has wheels 5 and moves along the vertical rail 2, that is, along the depth direction (vertical direction) of the house 1. Reference numeral 6 denotes a coupler of the box pedal B, which is connected to the center of the connecting arms 7 and 7 provided in the left half and the right half of the box pedal B via the X axis. The connecting arms 7 are connected to the box treader B via the Y axis. The coupler 6 is coupled to the carriage 4 via the Z axis.

箱並べ機Aには後述の箱ホッパーが装備されていて、箱並べ機Aの上を縦レール2に直交する方向すなわちハウス1の間口方向(横方向)に移動しながら、苗箱3を1枚ずつ床土の上に降ろして隙間無く並べる。横一列並べ終わったら苗箱1枚分だけハウス1の縦方向に前進し、次の横一列を並べ、これを繰り返す。   The box arranging machine A is equipped with a box hopper, which will be described later, and moves the seedling box 3 on the box arranging machine A while moving in the direction perpendicular to the vertical rail 2, that is, the front direction (lateral direction) of the house 1. Put them down on the floor soil one by one and arrange them without gaps. When the horizontal row has been arranged, it moves forward in the vertical direction of the house 1 by one seedling box, the next horizontal row is arranged, and this is repeated.

箱踏み機Bの底面には図4、5に示す鎮圧ロール8が設けられている。鎮圧ロール8の長さは苗箱3の横一列の長さに等しい。図4、5の鎮圧ロール8は機体の左右に3本ずつだが、本数は3本に限らない。これら鎮圧ロール8が、床土の上に並んだ苗箱3の上を転がりながら、横一列同時に踏み付ける。このため箱踏み機Bが苗箱の上を通過するだけで箱踏み作業ができる。   On the bottom surface of the box treader B, a pressure reducing roll 8 shown in FIGS. The length of the suppression roll 8 is equal to the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box 3. 4 and 5 have three suppression rolls 8 on the left and right sides of the aircraft, but the number is not limited to three. While these rolling-down rolls 8 roll on the seedling boxes 3 arranged on the floor soil, they are stepped on in a horizontal row at the same time. For this reason, a box treading operation can be performed simply by passing the box treader B over the seedling box.

箱並べ機A及び箱踏み機Bは一緒になって前進するが、その推進力は箱並べ機Aまたは箱踏み機Bのいずれかに搭載する動力源による。動力源を箱並べ機A側に搭載する場合は車輪5を駆動するが、そして好ましくは箱踏み機B側に搭載し、左右の鎮圧ロール8を独立して駆動する。
図面の例では、バッテリ駆動のモータMR,MLを左右に1台ずつ搭載して、それぞれを左右の鎮圧ロール8に接続する。鎮圧ロール8は重量があり接地面積も広いから、それ自身を直接駆動すれば、スリップしにくく確実に装置を推進できる。図6の符号9はモータMR(ML)と鎮圧ロール8を連結する伝動チェーンである。
The box arranging machine A and the box treading machine B move forward together, but the propulsive force depends on the power source mounted on either the box arranging machine A or the box walking machine B. When the power source is mounted on the box arranging machine A side, the wheel 5 is driven, and preferably, the wheel source is mounted on the box treader B side, and the left and right pressure reducing rolls 8 are driven independently.
In the example of the drawings, battery drive motion of the motor MR, mounted one at a ML to the left and right, connecting each to the left and right crush rolls 8. Since the pressure reducing roll 8 is heavy and has a large ground contact area, if it is directly driven, it can be prevented from slipping and the apparatus can be reliably driven. Reference numeral 9 in FIG. 6 denotes a transmission chain that connects the motor MR (ML) and the pressure reducing roll 8.

鎮圧ロール8は長いため、左右の鎮圧ロール8を独立して駆動すると、箱踏み機Bの右半分と左半分とで移動距離に差を生じることがあるが、その場合、箱踏み機BはZ軸を中心に旋回(ヨーイング)するので、前進(後退を含む)動作に支障は無い。もしヨーイングできないと、箱並べ機Aと箱踏み機Bの連結部に捩れるような無理な応力が加わって故障の原因になったり、あるいは左右いずれかの鎮圧ロール8が空転ないし引きずられて苗箱損傷のおそれを生じたりするが、ヨーイングすればそのような不都合を回避できる。   Since the pressure-reducing roll 8 is long, if the left and right pressure-reducing rolls 8 are driven independently, there may be a difference in the movement distance between the right half and the left half of the box treader B. Since turning (yawing) about the Z axis, there is no hindrance to the forward (including backward) operation. If yawing is not possible, an unreasonable stress is applied to the connecting part of the box arranging machine A and the box treading machine B, causing a failure, or the left and right pressure-reducing rolls 8 are idled or dragged. The box may be damaged, but such inconvenience can be avoided by yawing.

図3のS1R、S2R及びS1L、S2Lは、箱踏み機Bの左右両端部に、前後に並べて固定した2組のリミットスイッチで、各組の前後に並ぶリミットスイッチの間に、箱並べ機A側に固定した作動片10R及び10Lをそれぞれ位置させる。
箱踏み機Bが過剰にヨーイングすると、作動片10R又は10Lがこれらのリミットスイッチに接触し、モータMRまたはMLがオフになって、左又は右の進みすぎた側の鎮圧ロール8が停止する。これにより箱踏み機Bの姿勢が修正される。その結果、箱並べ機Aに対し平行な位置に戻ると、それまで停止していた鎮圧ロールが再び回転する。
なおリミットスイッチは、左右いずれか一方の組(例えばS1L、S2L)を省略できる。
S1R, S2R, S1L, and S2L in FIG. 3 are two sets of limit switches fixed side by side on the left and right ends of the box treader B. The operating pieces 10R and 10L fixed to the side are respectively positioned.
When the box treader B yaws excessively, the operating piece 10R or 10L comes into contact with these limit switches, the motor MR or ML is turned off, and the pressure reducing roll 8 on the left or right excessively advanced side stops. Thereby, the posture of the box treader B is corrected. As a result, when returning to a position parallel to the box arranging machine A, the pressure-reducing roll that has been stopped is rotated again.
The limit switch can omit either the left or right set (for example, S1L, S2L).

図7に、これらリミットスイッチとモータの動作フローを示す。
主スイッチを押し続けると(ステップS1)、左右のモータMR及びMLが回転して鎮圧ロール8が駆動し、箱踏み機Bが箱並べ機Aを押して前進する(ステップS2)。
その後、箱踏み機Bの右側が左側より進みすぎて、全体がZ軸を中心に図3で反時計方向にヨーイングすると、作動片10R又は10LがリミットスイッチS1RまたはS2Lに接触してオンになる(ステップS3)。これにより、右側のモータMLが停止し、左側のモータMRだけが回転する(ステップS4)。
その結果、箱踏み機Bが平行に戻ると、作動片10R又は10LがリミットスイッチS1RまたはS2Lから離れてスイッチがオフになり(ステップS5)、停まっていたモータMLが再開し、左右の鎮圧ロールの回転で箱踏み機Bが前進する(ステップ6)。
逆に、箱踏み機Bの左側が右側より進みすぎて、全体がZ軸を中心に図3で時計方向にヨーイングすると、作動片10R又は10LがリミットスイッチS2RまたはS1Lに接触してオンになる(ステップS7)。これにより、左側のモータMLが停止し、右側のモータMRだけが回転する(ステップS8)。
その結果、箱踏み機Bが平行に戻ると、作動片10R又は10LがリミットスイッチS2RまたはS1Lから離れてスイッチがオフになり(ステップS9)、停まっていたモータMRが再開し、左右の鎮圧ロールの回転で箱踏み機Bが前進する(ステップ10)。
このようにして苗箱1枚分の長さを前進したことを目視で確認したら(ステップ11)、主スイッチから手を離す(ステップ12)。
主スイッチから手を離すと左右のモータMR及びMLがオフになり、箱踏み機B及び箱並べ機Aが停止する(ステップ13)。
FIG. 7 shows an operation flow of the limit switch and the motor.
If the main switch is continuously pressed (step S1), the left and right motors MR and ML are rotated to drive the pressure reducing roll 8, and the box treader B pushes the box aligner A and moves forward (step S2).
After that, if the right side of the box treader B advances too far from the left side and the whole yaws counterclockwise in FIG. 3 about the Z axis, the operating piece 10R or 10L comes into contact with the limit switch S1R or S2L and turns on. (Step S3). As a result, the right motor ML stops and only the left motor MR rotates (step S4).
As a result, when the box treader B returns in parallel, the operating piece 10R or 10L is separated from the limit switch S1R or S2L, the switch is turned off (step S5), the stopped motor ML is restarted, and the left and right pressures are reduced. The box treader B moves forward by the rotation of the roll (step 6).
On the contrary, if the left side of the box treader B advances too far from the right side and the whole yaws clockwise in FIG. 3 about the Z axis, the operating piece 10R or 10L contacts the limit switch S2R or S1L and turns on. (Step S7). As a result, the left motor ML stops and only the right motor MR rotates (step S8).
As a result, when the box treader B returns in parallel, the operating piece 10R or 10L is separated from the limit switch S2R or S1L and the switch is turned off (step S9). The box treader B moves forward by the rotation of the roll (step 10).
When it is visually confirmed that the length of one seedling box has been advanced in this manner (step 11), the hand is released from the main switch (step 12).
When the hand is released from the main switch, the left and right motors MR and ML are turned off, and the box treader B and the box aligner A are stopped (step 13).

このステップ1〜13の動作を繰り返して、苗箱をハウスの全面に敷設し終えたら、モータMR及びMLを逆転し、箱並べ機A及び箱踏み機Bを反対方向に後進させ出発地点に戻す。
このように前進又は後進の過程で、箱踏み機Bは、ヨーイングのほか、X軸を中心に前傾又は後傾(ピッチング)したり、Y軸を中心に左又は右に傾斜(ローリング)したり、箱並べ機Aに対し自由に動くことができるため、箱並べ機Aと箱踏み機Bの連結箇所に無理な応力がかからない。
When the operations of steps 1 to 13 are repeated and the seedling boxes are laid on the entire surface of the house, the motors MR and ML are reversed, and the box arrangement machine A and the box treader B are moved backward in the opposite directions to return to the starting point. .
In this way, in the forward or reverse process, the box treader B tilts forward or backward (pitching) about the X axis, or tilts left or right (rolling) about the Y axis in addition to yawing. In addition, since it can move freely with respect to the box aligner A, an unreasonable stress is not applied to the connecting portion of the box aligner A and the box treader B.

図8〜12は本発明の詳細な実施例で、図3〜6と共通の部位には同じ符号を付す。
図8は装置の左半分を省略した平面図で、11は箱踏み機Bのフレームに載せた錘用の金属板である。金属板11の重量は1枚25kgで、これを片側に4枚並べ、左右合計で200kgの荷重を鎮圧ロール8に加え、踏み付け力を増強する。
横一列に並べる苗箱3の枚数は16枚で、図8では右側の8枚だけを示す。12はモータMR用のバッテリで、左側にも同様にモータML用のバッテリがある。
13は主スイッチなどを配備した操作盤で、作業者は踏み板14の上に立って操作盤13を操作する。
8 to 12 are detailed embodiments of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in FIGS.
FIG. 8 is a plan view in which the left half of the apparatus is omitted, and 11 is a weight metal plate placed on the frame of the box treader B. FIG. The weight of the metal plate 11 is 25 kg, and four of these are arranged on one side, and a load of 200 kg in total on the left and right is applied to the pressure reducing roll 8 to enhance the treading force.
The number of seedling boxes 3 arranged in a horizontal row is 16, and only the right eight are shown in FIG. A battery 12 for the motor MR has a battery for the motor ML on the left side as well.
13 is an operation panel provided with a main switch and the like, and an operator stands on the tread board 14 and operates the operation panel 13.

連結器6は台座部分6aと枠体部分6bから成り立っている。
台座部分6aは、箱並べ機Aの台車4に起立する上下方向のZ軸を中心に、旋回自在に取り付けられていて、台座部分6aの前後に形成した嵌合溝に、方形に組んだ枠体部分6bが嵌め込んだ状態で台座部分6aと連結している。
そして門形の連結アーム7の中央を、連結器6の枠体部分6bに対し左右方向のX軸を介して連結すると共に、連結アーム7の両端を、箱踏み機Bのフレームに対し前後方向のY軸を介して連結する。15は縦レール2、2をつなぐ枕木である。
The coupler 6 includes a pedestal portion 6a and a frame portion 6b.
The pedestal portion 6a is pivotally mounted about the vertical Z-axis standing on the cart 4 of the box arranging machine A, and is a rectangular frame formed in fitting grooves formed before and after the pedestal portion 6a. It connects with the base part 6a in the state which the body part 6b fitted.
The center of the gate-shaped connecting arm 7 is connected to the frame portion 6b of the connector 6 via the X axis in the left-right direction, and both ends of the connecting arm 7 are connected to the frame of the box treader B in the front-rear direction. Are connected via the Y axis. A sleeper 15 connects the vertical rails 2 and 2.

箱踏み機Bの左右の端には、図8、9に示すように、受けレール16が前方に向け水平に取り付けてあり、この上に箱並べ機Aの左右の底部に備える支持輪17,17が移動可能に乗っかって、箱並べ機Aの左右両端を支持している。このため箱並べ機Aは、重心が中心から外れても、傾かずに水平姿勢を維持する。
箱踏み機Bは重量が充分あるから、受けレール16に箱並べ機Aの荷重が乗っても支持できる。
また支持輪17は自由に受けレール16の上を動くから、箱踏み機Bがヨーイングしても箱並べ機Aを安定して支持できる。
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, receiving rails 16 are horizontally attached to the left and right ends of the box treader B, and support wheels 17 provided on the left and right bottoms of the box aligner A, 17 is movably mounted and supports the left and right ends of the box arranging machine A. For this reason, the box arranging machine A maintains a horizontal posture without tilting even if the center of gravity deviates from the center.
Since the box treader B has sufficient weight, it can be supported even when the load of the box aligner A is applied to the receiving rail 16.
Further, since the support wheel 17 freely moves on the receiving rail 16, the box arranging machine A can be stably supported even when the box treader B yaws.

Hは公知の箱ホッパーで、その左右に2基の昇降枠18、18を有する。苗箱3はこの昇降枠18の枠内に積み重ねて収容する。19は昇降枠18を上昇または下降する昇降モータである。S3は昇降モータの上昇、下降又は停止を切り替えるリミットスイッチで、検知ロッド20により作動する。
各昇降枠18の底部には、2本の繰り出しロール21を左右平行に架設し、繰り出しロール21の間で苗箱3を支持する。22mは繰り出しモータで、繰り出しロール21を、図12の矢印のように、内側に回転して、積み重なった苗箱3を下から順に1枚ずつ繰り出す。
左右の昇降枠18は苗箱1枚分離れて設けら、繰り出された2枚の苗箱は離れた位置に並ぶ。
なお箱ホッパーHは昇降枠が2基でなく1基のものでもよい。
H is a known box hopper and has two lifting frames 18 and 18 on its left and right sides. The seedling box 3 is stacked and accommodated in the frame of the elevating frame 18. Reference numeral 19 denotes an elevating motor that raises or lowers the elevating frame 18. S3 is a limit switch that switches between raising, lowering, or stopping of the lifting motor, and is operated by the detection rod 20.
Two feeding rolls 21 are installed on the bottom of each lifting frame 18 in parallel in the left-right direction, and the seedling box 3 is supported between the feeding rolls 21. A feeding motor 22m rotates the feeding roll 21 inward as shown by the arrow in FIG. 12, and feeds the stacked seedling boxes 3 one by one in order from the bottom.
Left and right lifting frames 18 are found disposed away one sheet box seedlings, two seedling box fed out is arranged in a position apart.
The box hopper H may have one lifting frame instead of two.

22は箱並べ機Aに横方向に設けた前後に平行な横レールで、この上を箱ホッパーHの四隅の車輪23が転動するようにし、箱ホッパーHに搭載した横移動モータ24により車輪23を正転したり逆転したりして、箱ホッパーHを横方向に移動する。
S4は箱ホッパーHに取り付けたリミットスイッチで、横レール22の側面に固定した突起25に接触すると横移動モータ24を停止し、箱ホッパーHを定位置で止める。
Reference numeral 22 denotes a horizontal rail provided in the box arrangement machine A in the horizontal direction, and the wheels 23 at the four corners of the box hopper H roll on the rail, and the wheels are moved by the lateral movement motor 24 mounted on the box hopper H. The box hopper H is moved in the horizontal direction by rotating the wheel 23 forward or backward.
S4 is a limit switch attached to the box hopper H. When the limit switch comes into contact with the protrusion 25 fixed to the side surface of the lateral rail 22, the lateral movement motor 24 is stopped and the box hopper H is stopped at a fixed position.

図13に、箱並べ機Aに関連するリミットスイッチとモータ類の動作フローを示す。
主スイッチをオンにすると(ステップ21)、横移動モータ24により箱ホッパーHは右移動する(ステップ22)。その結果、リミットスイッチS4が突起25に接触してオンになると(ステップ23)、横移動モータ24が停止する(ステップ24)。
次に昇降モータ19が正転して昇降枠18を下降し(ステップ25)、その結果、検知ロッド20の下端が後列の苗箱3に接して旋回し、反対側の上端がリミットスイッチS3を押すと、昇降枠18が停止し、繰り出しモータ22mにより繰り出しロール21が回って苗箱3を2枚繰り出す。繰り出しが終ると、それを検出する繰り出しリミットスイッチ(図示しない)がオンになり(ステップ28)、22が停止する(ステップ29)。
そして昇降モータ19が回転して昇降枠18が上限に到達すると(ステップ30,31)、上限検出用のリミットスイッチ(図示しない)が働いて昇降モータ19が停止する(ステップ32)。
次に横移動モータ24が回転し箱ホッパーHを再び右移動し(ステップ33)、前記と同様にリミットスイッチS4により移動と停止を4回繰り返すと(ステップ34)、横移動モータ24を逆転して左移動する(ステップ35)。
そして箱並べ機Aの中央を越えて左側において、今までの右側と同じ動作をし(ステップ36)、移動と停止を4回繰り返して苗箱を横1列並び終えたら(ステップ37)、横移動モータ24を右移動し(ステップ38)、リミットスイッチS4により箱並べ機Aの中央で箱ホッパーHを停止する(ステップ39,40)。
FIG. 13 shows an operation flow of limit switches and motors related to the box aligner A.
When the main switch is turned on (step 21), the box hopper H is moved to the right by the lateral movement motor 24 (step 22). As a result, when the limit switch S4 contacts the protrusion 25 and is turned on (step 23), the lateral movement motor 24 stops (step 24).
Next, the elevating motor 19 rotates forward and descends the elevating frame 18 (step 25). As a result, the lower end of the detection rod 20 turns in contact with the seedling box 3 in the rear row, and the upper end on the opposite side turns the limit switch S3. When pushed, the elevating frame 18 stops, and the feeding roll 21 is rotated by the feeding motor 22m to feed two seedling boxes 3. When the feeding is finished, a feeding limit switch (not shown) for detecting it is turned on (step 28), and 22 is stopped (step 29).
When the elevating motor 19 rotates and the elevating frame 18 reaches the upper limit (steps 30 and 31), a limit switch (not shown) for detecting the upper limit works to stop the elevating motor 19 (step 32).
Next, the lateral movement motor 24 rotates to move the box hopper H to the right again (step 33). When the movement and stop are repeated four times by the limit switch S4 as described above (step 34), the lateral movement motor 24 is reversed. To the left (step 35).
Then, on the left side beyond the center of the box aligner A, the same operation as the right side so far is performed (step 36). After moving and stopping four times, the seedling boxes are arranged in a horizontal row (step 37). The moving motor 24 is moved to the right (step 38), and the box hopper H is stopped at the center of the box aligner A by the limit switch S4 (steps 39 and 40).

図14の実施例2では、4本の鎮圧ロールのうち、最前の1本8aが他よりも軸位置が高いので、浮いた苗箱の上にも乗り上げることができる。矢印は箱踏み機Bの前進方向および鎮圧ロールの回転方向を示す。
ポット式の苗箱は通常高さが25ミリあり、踏み付けると約20ミリ床土の中に押し込まれるため、踏み付ける前の苗箱と踏み付けた後の苗箱には20ミリほどの段差を生じる。この段差の分だけ最前の鎮圧ロールの軸位置が高ければ、踏み付ける前の浮いた苗箱を前に押して引きずることもなく都合がよい。
なお最前の鎮圧ロールを他よりも細くすれば、軸位置の高さは同じでも、同効果が得られる。
In Example 2 in FIG. 14, the front one 8a of the four pressing rolls has a higher axial position than the others, so that it can also ride on the floating seedling box. The arrows indicate the forward direction of the box treader B and the rotation direction of the pressure reducing roll.
A pot-type seedling box is usually 25 mm in height, and when it is stepped on, it is pushed into the floor soil by about 20 mm, so there is a step of about 20 mm between the seedling box before stepping on and the seedling box after stepping on. Arise. If the axial position of the foremost crushing roll is as high as this step, it is convenient that the floating seedling box before being stepped on is not pushed and dragged forward.
Note if the foremost suppression roll thinner than the other, the height of the axis position is also the same, the same effect can be obtained.

図15の実施例3は、箱並べ機Aの左右両端の支持構造に関する別の例を示す。
図15では、図8、9の例と違って、支持輪17,17が箱踏み機B側に設けてある。この支持輪17、17が箱並べ機Aの底面に当って箱並べ機Aを支持する。26は支持輪を取り付ける受けアームである。この受けアーム26と図8、9の受けレール16が、請求項の発明の箱並べ機支持体に相当する。
Example 3 of FIG. 15 shows another example regarding the support structure at both the left and right ends of the box arranging machine A.
In FIG. 15, unlike the examples of FIGS. 8 and 9, support wheels 17 and 17 are provided on the box treader B side. The support wheels 17, 17 hit the bottom surface of the box arranging machine A to support the box arranging machine A. Reference numeral 26 denotes a receiving arm to which a support wheel is attached. The receiving arm 26 and the receiving rail 16 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 correspond to the box arranging machine support of the invention of claim 1 .

本発明の苗箱敷設装置は、ハウスに限らず広い圃場に、動力を利用して多数の苗箱を効率的に並べ、その後を人力によらずに均一の力で機械的に踏み付けるので、田植え機用の苗作りに最適である。
苗の種類は稲が代表的であるが、麦など他の作物にも利用できる。
The seedling box laying device of the present invention is arranged not only in a house but also in a wide field, by efficiently arranging a large number of seedling boxes using power, and then stepping on mechanically with a uniform force regardless of human power, Ideal for seedlings for rice planting machines.
The typical seedling is rice, but it can also be used for other crops such as wheat.

Aは箱並べ機、Bは箱踏み機、Hは箱ホッパー、Xは左右方向の軸、Yは前後方向の軸、Zは上下方向の軸、
1はハウス、2は縦レール、3は苗箱、4は台車、5は車輪、6は連結器、7は連結アーム、8は鎮圧ロール、MR及びMLはモータ、9は伝動チェーン、S1R、S2R及びS1L、S2Lはリミットスイッチ、10R及び10Lは作動片、11は錘用の金属板、12はバッテリ、13は操作盤、14は踏み板、16は受けレール、17は支持輪、18は昇降枠、S3及びS4はリミットスイッチ、20は検知ロッド、21は繰り出しロール、22mは繰り出しモータ、22は横レール、23は車輪、24は横移動モータ、25は突起、26は受けアーム。
A is a box arrangement machine, B is a box treader, H is a box hopper, X is a horizontal axis, Y is a longitudinal axis, Z is a vertical axis,
1 is a house, 2 is a vertical rail, 3 is a seedling box, 4 is a cart, 5 is a wheel, 6 is a connector, 7 is a connecting arm, 8 is a pressure reducing roll, MR and ML are motors, 9 is a transmission chain, S1R, S2R and S1L, S2L are limit switches, 10R and 10L are actuating pieces, 11 is a metal plate for weight, 12 is a battery, 13 is an operation panel, 14 is a footboard, 16 is a receiving rail, 17 is a support wheel, and 18 is a lift Frame, S3 and S4 are limit switches, 20 is a detection rod, 21 is a feed roll, 22m is a feed motor, 22 is a horizontal rail, 23 is a wheel, 24 is a lateral movement motor, 25 is a protrusion, and 26 is a receiving arm.

Claims (3)

苗箱を積んだ箱ホッパーを横長の機体に沿ってハウスの横方向に間欠的に移動し、苗箱を1枚つ床土の上に下ろして横に並べ、横一列を並べ終えたら機体をハウス中央の縦方向のレールに沿って苗箱1枚の距離だけ前進し、次の横一列を並べるようにして成る箱並べ機と、
回転軸がハウスの横方向に平行な鎮圧ロールを前記苗箱の横一列の長さに亘り設けると共に前記鎮圧ロールの動力源を搭載して成る箱踏み機と、
より構成し、
前記箱並べ機の後方に前記箱踏み機を上下方向のZ軸を中心に旋回可能に連結して、鎮圧ロールの回転により箱並べ機の前進と苗箱の踏み付けを行い、
そして前記箱踏み機の左右両端より前方に向け箱並べ機支持体を張り出し、これら箱並べ機支持体と箱並べ機の間に設けた支持輪により、箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持して成ることを特徴とする苗箱設置装置。
Intermittently moves in the lateral direction of the house the box hopper loaded with seedling box along the landscape of the fuselage, side-by-side Lower the seedling box on a piece not a One bed soil, When you have finished side-by-side next to a row aircraft A box arrangement machine that advances the next one row along the vertical rail in the center of the house and arranges the next horizontal row,
A box treader provided with a pressure reducing roll whose rotation axis is parallel to the lateral direction of the house over the length of a horizontal row of the seedling box and mounted with a power source of the pressure reducing roll;
Comprising
The box treader is connected to the rear of the box aligner so as to be pivotable about the Z axis in the vertical direction, and the advance of the box aligner and the stepping on the seedling box are performed by rotation of the pressure reducing roll,
Then, a box arranging machine support is projected forward from the left and right ends of the box treader, and the left and right ends of the box arranging machine are made into a box treader by a support ring provided between the box arranging machine support and the box arranging machine. seedling box installation apparatus, characterized in forming isosamples located changeably supported against.
前記箱並べ機支持体を水平な受けレールにより構成し、この受けレールの上に箱並べ機の左右の底部に設けた前記支持輪を移動可能に乗せ、これにより箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持することを特徴とする請求項1記載の苗箱設置装置。 The box arranging machine support is constituted by a horizontal receiving rail, and the support wheels provided on the left and right bottom portions of the box arranging machine are movably mounted on the receiving rail, whereby the left and right ends of the box arranging machine are placed on the box. The seedling box installation device according to claim 1, wherein the seedling box installation device is supported so that the position of the stepper can be changed . 前記箱並べ機支持体を受けアームにより構成し、この受けアームに前記支持輪を取り付け、箱並べ機の左右の底面を前記支持輪の上に当て、これにより箱並べ機の左右両端を箱踏み機に対し位置変更可能に支持することを特徴とする請求項1記載の苗箱設置装置。 The box arranging machine support is constituted by a receiving arm, and the support wheels are attached to the receiving arm, and the left and right bottom surfaces of the box arranging machine are put on the supporting wheels, whereby the left and right ends of the box arranging machine are stepped on the box. The seedling box installation device according to claim 1, wherein the seedling box installation device is supported so that the position of the machine can be changed .
JP2009137627A 2009-06-08 2009-06-08 Seedling box installation device Active JP5399134B2 (en)

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