JP5611783B2 - Seedling laying equipment - Google Patents

Description

In order to grow seedlings for rice planting machines, sowing seeds in a large number of seedling boxes and arranging them on a leveled floor soil in a house, temperature and irrigation are intensively managed.
At this time, a box sorter is used to arrange the seedling boxes. There are various box arrangement machines, but the typical one has the same length as the width of the house (frontage), and the wheel provided in the center is laid long in the vertical direction (depth direction) in the center of the house 2 It is structured to move along a book rail. A box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is mounted on this box arranging machine so that it can move in the horizontal direction, and the box hopper is moved along the length of the box arranging machine, that is, along the width of the house, Lower and line up on top. When the seedling boxes are arranged in a row across the width of the house, the box arranging machine is advanced and the seedling boxes are arranged in the next line. This process is repeated to arrange many seedling boxes vertically and horizontally and orderly on the entire site of the house.
The present invention relates to an improvement of such a box sorter.

When arranging seedling boxes using a box arranging machine, the important thing is the close contact between the seedling box and the floor soil.
If the seedling box is simply placed on the floor soil, the contact with the floor soil is insufficient, and the roots cannot be extended to the floor soil. For this reason, after placing the seedling box on the floor soil, a load is applied, such as stepping on the seedling box, and the seedling box is closely attached so that there is no gap between the bottom surface of the seedling box and the floor soil.
The operation of pressing the seedling boxes arranged in this way against the floor soil is referred to as box stepping, and this stepping is particularly important in a pot type seedling box. A pot-type seedling box is divided into a large number of pots, and each pot is independent of each other. Therefore, if even one pot floats off the floor soil, the seedling in that pot will not grow. . Since the actual floor soil is not completely flat and has some irregularities, the bottom of the pot located in the recess of the floor soil is easily lifted by simply placing the seedling box. To avoid this, be sure to step on the pot-type seedling box. In other words, laying the seedling box is not complete unless the box is stepped on.
The simplest method of stepping on a box is to pass a wide flat plate (stepping board) on the seedling box, and an operator steps on it. Although this method is economical, there is an inconvenience that the tread board must be moved onto the next seedling box each time it is stepped on. If the house where the seedling box is set up is large, the movement of the tread board is hard work and the efficiency is not improved. Moreover, since it is difficult to step on the same load every time, it is inevitable that the load is excessive or insufficient. If you step on it too much, the seedling box will be damaged, or if you don't step on it, it will become insufficient.

Inventions intended to solve this problem have already been proposed.
One of them is a structure in which a footboard is suspended at the rear of the seedling arranging machine, and when the seedling boxes are arranged side by side, the footboard is lowered onto the seedling box so that the operator can step on the seedling box on the footboard. Yes (Patent Document 1).
In this case, the tread board is attached to the seedling arranging machine in a suspended manner and moves together with the seedling arranging machine, so that the labor for carrying the tread board can be omitted, which is convenient. However, since it does not change in that the operator steps on it, the problem that the force of pushing the seedling box tends to be excessive or insufficient still remains.

Japanese Patent No. 2733834

Thus, conventionally, there has been no one that can step on many seedling boxes at once without relying on human power.
Thus, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to make it possible to easily and reliably traverse a large number of seedling boxes.
The solution to these problems is strongly demanded as the size of the house increases and the number of seedling boxes arranged increases. The present invention responds to such a demand and solves the problem of concern.

The present invention realizes a solution to the problem by adopting a method in which pressure is reduced with a roller instead of a conventional footboard. That is, the roller is rolled on the seedling box to suppress the seedling box, but at the same time, the box arrangement machine is moved by the rotation of the roller.
Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to simply and reliably step on the seedling box by reliably riding a roller on the seedling boxes that have been arranged. The second purpose is to prevent the aircraft from derailing from the rail in the center of the house when the left and right shifts occur in the movement of the rollers.

In the invention according to claim 1, a box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is moved intermittently in the horizontal direction of the house along the horizontally long body, the seedling boxes are lowered one by one on the floor soil and arranged side by side, Once the horizontal row has been arranged, the box is advanced by a distance of one seedling box along the vertical rail in the center of the house, and the next horizontal row is arranged,
It is composed of a box treader which is provided with a pressure roller with a rotating shaft parallel to the lateral direction of the house over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box and mounted with a power source of the pressure roller,
A box treader is connected to the back of the box arranging machine, and the seedling boxes arranged are stepped on with a pressure roller.
While operating pieces are provided on the left and right sides of the box arranging machine, the box treader is provided with a shoe facing the operating pieces.
When the switch means is provided on the left and right, and the left and right pressure rollers are displaced during movement,
The displacement is reduced by operating the switch means to stop the right or left pressure roller.
It is characterized by shifting .

Delete

In the invention according to claim 2 , the box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is arranged in the horizontal direction of the house along the horizontally long body.
And move seedling boxes one by one on the floor soil one by one and arrange them side by side.
Advance the aircraft along the vertical rail in the center of the house by the distance of one seedling box and align the next horizontal row.
A box sorter that looks like
A pressure roller with a rotating shaft parallel to the horizontal direction of the house is provided over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box.
It consists of a box treader that is equipped with a power source for the pressure roller,
A box treader is connected to the back of the box arranging machine, and the seedling boxes arranged are stepped on with a pressure roller.
The box arrangement machine has reverse correction switch means on the left and right sides of the machine centerline,
The box treader has front wheels and rear wheels that run on rails in the main body frame, and the bearings of the rear wheels are supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the axles,
The reverse correction switch means detects the lateral displacement between the axle of the rear wheel and the main body frame with the operating rod during reverse traveling, stops the pressure reducing roller on the opposite side to the direction of the lateral displacement, A seedling box laying device, wherein when the detected lateral misalignment is corrected, the pressure-reducing roller on the opposite side is driven again.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect , the operating rod includes one end connected to the rear wheel axle and the other end interposed between the left and right reverse switch means, and between the one end and the other end. With a fulcrum
This fulcrum is rotatably supported by the main body frame, and has a structure in which the fulcrum to the other end are longer than the one to the fulcrum.

The invention according to claim 4 is the structure according to claim 2 , further comprising a detachable lock mechanism for fixing the bearing to the axle of the rear wheel .

According to the invention of claim 1, since the box treader is connected to the rear of the box arranging machine, it is possible to easily step on the seedling box by reliably climbing the pressure reducing roller on the arranged seedling boxes. it can.
In addition, if the left and right pressure-reducing rollers are displaced during movement, it is the same as the operating piece with the switch means.
Since the first side suppression roller stops, the opposite side suppression roller catches up with the same side suppression roller to correct the deviation and prevent derailment from the vertical rail.

Delete

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a deviation occurs during reverse travel, the pressure roller on the opposite side to the operating rod having the switch means stops, so the pressure roller on the same side catches up with the pressure roller on the opposite side and the deviation occurs. It is modified to prevent derailment from the vertical rail.

According to the invention of claim 3 , as the distance from the fulcrum to the other end becomes longer, the slight sliding of the bearing can be greatly enlarged and detected, and the sensitivity is increased.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the lock mechanism is attached at the time of forward movement and the bearing is fixed to the axle, and the lock mechanism is removed at the time of backward movement to make the bearing slidable, so that the derailment prevention measures at the time of forward and backward travel can be used properly.

Perspective view of a house laying a seedling box Front view of FIG. Top view of seedling box laying device Front view of the seedling machine in FIG. Top view of the seedling machine in FIG. Plan view of derailment prevention structure when moving forward (right side only) Enlarged view of the main part of FIG. Operation flow when moving forward Side view a, plan view b, front view c of the derailment prevention structure during reverse travel Operation flow during reverse travel Illustration when shifting to the left during reverse travel Side view a, plan view b, front view c Top view of box hopper Operation flow for seedling box installation 1 Operation flow of seedling box installation 2 Operation flow for seedling box installation 3 Left side view a, plan view b, right side view c, exploded plan view d of box treader connection structure Plan view a, front view b of the play structure of the box treader Front view a, exploded front view b of box-liner connection structure

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a house covered with a light-transmitting sheet, and two vertical rails 2 extending in the depth direction (vertical direction) of the house 1 are provided in parallel at the center of the interior. 3 is a seedling box, FIG.
Indicates the state where all the laying has been completed.

The seedling box 3 of the embodiment is of a pot type and has a structure in which a thin plastic plate is formed and a large number of pots (dents) are continuously arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. There is a hole in the bottom of the pot. Put the soil in each pot and sow seeds. The seedling box 3 to be used is not limited to the pot type. The seedling box 3 for mat seedlings having a large number of holes in the flat bottom may be used.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a simplified plan view of the apparatus of the present invention.
A is a box arrangement machine and B is a box treader. Both are coupled so as to be swingable around an X axis in the horizontal direction, a Y axis in the front-rear direction, and a Z axis in the vertical direction.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a cart of the box arrangement machine A, which has wheels 5 and moves along the vertical rail 2, that is, along the depth direction (vertical direction) of the house 1. 6 is a coupler of the box treader B.

The box arranging machine A is equipped with a box hopper, which will be described later. While moving in the direction perpendicular to the vertical rail 2 on the box arranging machine A, that is, in the front direction (lateral direction) of the house 1, 1 Put them down on the floor soil one by one and arrange them without gaps. When the horizontal row is finished, the seedling box 3 is moved forward in the vertical direction of the house 1, the next horizontal row is arranged, and this is repeated.

On the bottom surface of the box treader B, a pressure reducing roller 8 shown in FIGS. The length of the pressure reducing roller 8 is equal to the length of one horizontal row of the seedling box 3. Although there are three pressure-reducing rollers 8 in FIG. 5 on the left and right sides of the machine body, the number is not limited to three. These pressure-reducing rollers 8 are stepped simultaneously in a horizontal row while rolling on the seedling boxes 3 arranged on the floor soil. For this reason, the box treading work can be performed only by passing the box treader B over the seedling box 3.

The box aligner A and the box treader B move forward together, but the propulsive force depends on the drive source mounted on the box treader B. Preferably, it is mounted on the box treader B side, and the left and right pressure-reducing rollers 8 are driven independently.

In the example of the drawing, battery-driven motors 34R and 34L are mounted on the left and right, respectively, and each is connected to the left and right pressure-reducing rollers 8. Since the pressure reducing roller 8 is heavy and has a large installation area,
If it is driven directly, the device can be reliably driven without slipping.

Since the pressure-reducing roller 8 is long horizontally, the movement distance may be shifted between the right half and the left half of the box treader B. When this deviation increases, the aircraft will yaw excessively and derail from the vertical rail 2. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, forward correction dogs 35 and limit switches (LSW) 36 are provided at both ends of the box arrangement machine A and the box treader B, respectively, and the deviation is corrected by the operation flow of FIG.

When the forward switch SW1 of the control box 31 is continuously pressed (step S1), the forward / reverse motors 34R and 34L rotate forward and the left and right pressure reducing rollers 8 move forward (step S2).
. Here, when the right side of the box treader B advances too much from the left side and a deviation occurs, the limit switch 3
6R is pulled by dog 35R and turned ON (step S3).
Stops (step S4). As a result, only the left pressure reducing roller 8 moves forward, and the deviation is corrected.

When the deviation is corrected, the limit switch 36R is separated from the dog 35R and turned OFF (step S5). In response to this, the motor 34R rotates forward and both the left and right pressure reducing rollers 8 move forward (step S6). Hereinafter, the case of the left-right reverse shift is the same as that in steps S3 to 6 (steps S7 to 10). When the advance of one seedling box 3 is visually confirmed while correcting the deviation in this manner (step S11), the hand 34 is released from the advance switch SW1 and the motors 34R and 34L are stopped (steps S12 and S13).

As described above, the dogs 35R and 35L of the operating pieces are provided on the left and right sides of the box arranging machine A, respectively, and the limit switches 36R and 36L facing the dogs 35R and 35L are provided on the left and right of the box treader B. The limit switches 36R and 36L stop the pressure roller 8 on the same side by the motors 34R and 34L when the dogs 35R and 35L are moved, and the pressure rollers 8 on the same side by the motors 34R and 34L when the dogs 35R and 35L are separated. Drive again.

As a result, when a deviation occurs during forward movement, the pressure roller 8 on the same side as the dogs 35R and 35L with the limit switches 36R and 36L stops, so the pressure roller 8 on the opposite side catches up with the pressure roller 8 on the same side. The deviation is corrected and derailment from the vertical rail 2 can be prevented.

On the other hand, in the case of reverse, it is easy to derail even a slight deviation. Therefore, the configuration as shown in FIG. 9 is adopted. That is, the bearing 42 of the rear wheel 5 is supported by the bearing 43 so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the axle 41, and is fixed to the axle 41 by inserting the lock pin 44 through the lock hole 45. The rear wheel 5 can rotate around the axle 41 even if the bearing 42 and the axle 41 are fixed. When the vehicle is moving backward, the lock pin 44 is removed from the lock hole 45, and the working rod dog 47 along the machine center line (center between the vertical rails 2) and the limit switch of the switch means provided on the left and right of the machine center line 48R and 48L are used to correct the deviation according to the operation flow of FIG.

When the reverse switch SW2 of the control box 31 is pressed (step S21), the forward / reverse motors 34R, 34L are reversed and the left and right pressure reducing rollers 8 are both moved backward (step S22). Here, when the right side of the box treader B is moved backward from the left side and the deviation occurs, the bearing 4 is moved as shown in FIG.
2 slightly swings to the left, the tip of the dog 47 swings to the left with the fulcrum 46 as the center, the reverse correction limit switch 48L is turned on (step S23), and the motor 34R is received in response. Stops (step S24). As a result, only the left side of the box treader B moves backward, and the deviation is corrected.

Here, the dog 47 includes one end connected to the projecting portion of the axle 41 and the other end interposed between the left and right reverse correction limit switches 48R and 48L. A fulcrum 46 is provided between one end and the other end. The fulcrum 46 is supported so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis at the center of the main body frame, and extends from one end to the fulcrum 46 to the other end from the fulcrum 46 to the other end. The length is increased, and slight sliding of the bearing 42 is greatly enlarged and detected. The sensitivity is increased as the distance from the fulcrum 46 to the other end is made longer than the distance from the one end to the fulcrum 46.

Returning to the explanation of FIG. 10, when the deviation is corrected, the dog 47 is separated from the reverse correction limit switch 48L and turned OFF (step S25). In response to this, the motor 34R is reversed and the left and right pressure reducing rollers 8 are moved. Both travel backward (step S26). Hereinafter, the case of the left-right reverse shift is the same as steps S23 to S26 (steps S27 to 30). Thus, the motor 34R, 34L stops when the vehicle moves backward while correcting the deviation and the stop switch SW3 is turned on (steps S31, S32).

As described above, when a deviation occurs during the reverse travel, the dog 47 and the reverse pressure roller 8 on the opposite side of the reverse correction limit switches 48R and 48L are stopped, so that the same pressure roller 8 catches up with the reverse pressure roller 8. The deviation is corrected and derailment from the vertical rail 2 can be prevented.

In addition, a detachable lock pin 44 for fixing the bearing 42 to the axle 41 is provided. Therefore, the lock pin 44 is attached at the time of forward movement, the bearing 42 is fixed to the axle 41, and the lock pin 44 is removed at the time of reverse movement so that the bearing 42 can be slid.

The present invention is not limited to the case where the fast side pressure roller 8 is stopped with respect to the slow side pressure roller 8, and the fast side pressure roller with respect to the slow side pressure roller 8 so as to reduce the left-right displacement. The speed of the left and right pressure-reducing rollers 8 may be adjusted, for example, by relatively decelerating 8.

In order to support the movement of the box hopper H, the stand 52 with the electric cylinder 55 shown in FIG. 12 is provided on the side plates 51 at both ends of the box arranging machine A, and the electric cylinder 55 is driven to automatically control the raising and lowering of the stand 52. The seed box 3 is installed by the box hopper H in FIG.
According to the operation flow.

When the lateral movement switch SW1 of the control box 72 is pressed (step S41), the lateral movement motor 74 rotates and the box hopper H moves to the right (step S42). At this time, when the position detection dog 76 opens the limit switch 77, the electric cylinder 55 is driven, and the left and right stands 52 are automatically lowered until the stand up / down limit switch 75 is turned off (step S43).

Thereafter, when the box hopper H is moved and moved up and down and the seedling box 3 is fed out in sequence to complete the installation work of the horizontal seedling boxes 3 (steps S44 to S59), the electric cylinder is operated until the limit switch 75 is turned on. 55 automatically raises the left and right stands 52 (step S61), and when the dog 76 turns off the limit switch 77, the motor 74 stops (step S62).

Thus, when the limit switch 77 is placed on the position detecting dog 76 when the stand 52 of the supporting member for supporting the left and right sides of the box arrangement machine A and the box hopper H start to move in the lateral direction, the limit switch 75 is turned off. The stand 52 is lowered until the position is reached, and when the limit switch 77 is set on the position detecting dog 76, the electric cylinder 55 which raises the stand 52 until the limit switch 75 is turned on is placed on the left and right of the box aligner A, respectively. Thus, the electric cylinder 55 is used to raise and lower the stand 52, which has conventionally been required to be manually performed frequently.
It is possible to save labor for installing the seedling box 3 and to work alone.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the stand 52 is a warped shape in which the front and rear are warped,
Guard plates 53 are provided on both sides. Therefore, even if the stand 52 is grounded, the guard plate 53
Prevents the soil from being covered with the soil, and even if the stand 52 is raised and moved forward, it is not necessary to drop the soil in the seedling box 3.

Moreover, the box arrangement machine A is provided with a height adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the electric cylinder 55 with respect to the ground, like the plurality of height adjustment holes 58 shown in FIG. Thereby, even when the stroke of the electric cylinder 55 is insufficient, the height of the electric cylinder 55 with respect to the ground can be adjusted to cope with the horizontal inclination of the field, and the seedling box 3 can be installed while maintaining the level even on the inclined land. Further, by adjusting the electric cylinder 55 to the ground height suitable for the field, the stand 52 can be operated with a smaller stroke, and the box hopper H can be quickly moved.

The lengths in the left-right direction of the box arranging machine A and the box treading machine B can be adjusted so that the width of the house 1 that varies depending on the field can be accommodated.

That is, as shown in FIG. 17, the left and right box treaders B are divided into the outer side and the inner side, the outer box treader B1 has a fixed length, and the box treader B2 on the inner side of the main body has various lengths. Prepare. Then, a box treader B2 having an appropriate length is selected for each field and connected to the box treader B1 by the connecting member 91 to match the width of the house 1.

As a result, the main body and the box treader B, which are main members in changing the length of the pressure reducing roller 8, are used.
1 can be shared and manufacturing costs can be reduced. As shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (c), the rotation axis of the pressure-reducing roller 8 in the foremost row is arranged slightly higher than the others so that it can be easily carried on the seedling box 3.

In FIG. 17, the pressure reducing roller 8 of the box treader B1 is driven by a motor, and the box stepper B2
The pressure reducing roller 8 is a non-driven idle type. As a result, it is not necessary to connect the pressure reducing rollers 8 of the box treaders B1 and B2, and the box treaders B1 and B2 are very easily connected to each other, thereby simplifying the structure and the mounting work.

Further, as shown in FIG. 18, U-grooves 94 having upper openings are formed in the left and right front and rear parts of the machine body, respectively, and the rod 95 loosely fitted in the left and right U-grooves 94 and the left and right box treaders B2 are rotated. A connecting member 92 including a moving rotation shaft 93 is provided. In this way, the effect of rolling is reduced by the rotation around the rotation shaft 93, and the effect of pitching is reduced by the vertical movement of the rod 95 in the U-groove 94. Suppresses the effects of unevenness, inclination, and box treading in the field. In addition, since the two U-grooves are formed at a constant interval between the front part and the rear part, the strength against yawing is increased with a simple configuration.

As shown in FIG. 19, the box arranging machine A can be adjusted in length by the box arranging machines A1 and A2 in the same manner as the box treader B. Both of them are provided by an L groove 96, a pin 97, a positioning gauge bolt 98, and a pin 99. Connected.

A, A1, A2 Box sorter, B, B1, B2 Box treader, H Box hopper, 1 house, 2 vertical rails, 3 seedling boxes, 4 carts, 5 wheels, 6 couplers, 8 pressure reducing rollers, 31
Control box, 32 battery, 33 weight, 34R, 34L forward / reverse motor, 3
5R, 35L forward correction dog, 36R, 36L forward correction limit switch, 41
Axle, 42 bearing, 43 bearing, 44 lock pin, 45 lock hole, 46 fulcrum, 47 reverse correction dog, 48R, 48L reverse correction limit switch, 51 side plate, 52 stand, 53 guard plate, 54 guide rod, 55 electric Cylinder, 56 Guide support plate, 57 Guide receiver, 58 Height adjustment hole, 59R, 59L End dog, 6
0 dowel pin, 61 side plate fixing bolt, 71 installation device, 72 control box, 73 battery, 74 motor for lateral movement, 75 limit switch for up / down stand, 76 position detection dog, 77 position detection limit switch, 78R, 78L lateral movement Limit switch, 79 lateral movement dog, 80 lift motor, 81 installation sensor, 82 installation limit switch, 83 feeding motor, 84 feeding limit switch, 85R,
85L end limit switch, 91 connecting member, 92 connecting bracket, 93 rotating shaft, 9
4 U groove, 95 rod, 96 L groove, 97 pin, 98 Positioning gauge bolt, 99
pin.

Claims (4)

The box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is moved intermittently in the horizontal direction of the house along the horizontally long aircraft, and the seedling boxes are placed one by one on the floor soil and arranged side by side. A box arrangement machine that advances by a distance of one seedling box along the vertical rail in the center of the house and arranges the next horizontal row,
It is composed of a box treader which is provided with a pressure roller with a rotating shaft parallel to the lateral direction of the house over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box and mounted with a power source of the pressure roller,
A box treader is connected to the back of the box arranging machine, and the seedling boxes arranged are stepped on with a pressure roller.
While operating pieces are provided on the left and right sides of the box arranging machine, the box treader is provided with a shoe facing the operating pieces.
When the switch means is provided on the left and right, and the left and right pressure rollers are displaced during movement,
The displacement is reduced by operating the switch means to stop the right or left pressure roller.
A seedling box laying device characterized by shifting. A box hopper loaded with seedling boxes is moved intermittently in the horizontal direction of the house along the horizontally long aircraft.
One by one on the floor soil and put them side by side.
Along the rail, the box moves forward by a distance of one seedling box, and the next row is aligned.
With a machine,
A pressure roller with a rotating shaft parallel to the horizontal direction of the house is provided over the length of the horizontal row of the seedling box.
It consists of a box treader that is equipped with a power source for the pressure roller,
A box treader is connected to the back of the box arranging machine, and the seedling boxes arranged are stepped on with a pressure roller.
The box arrangement machine has reverse correction switch means on the left and right sides of the machine centerline,
The box treader has front wheels and rear wheels that run on rails in the main body frame, and the bearings of the rear wheels are supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the axles,
The reverse correction switch means detects the lateral displacement between the axle of the rear wheel and the main body frame with the operating rod during reverse traveling, stops the pressure reducing roller on the opposite side to the direction of the lateral displacement, A seedling box laying device, wherein when the detected lateral misalignment is corrected, the pressure-reducing roller on the opposite side is driven again. The operating rod has one end connected to the axle of the rear wheel and the other end interposed between the left and right reverse correction switch means, and has a fulcrum between the one end and the other end. 3. The support device is rotatably supported, and the length from the fulcrum to the other end is longer than the length from one end to the fulcrum.
The seedling box laying device described. The seedling box laying device according to claim 2, further comprising a detachable lock mechanism for fixing the bearing to the axle of the rear wheel .

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