JP5386214B2 - Foundation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation structure for installing columns, column base hardware, and the like on the ground.

  In recent years, wooden three-story houses are becoming popular in order to effectively use the site mainly in large urban areas. Such a three-story house needs to increase the strength of the skeleton in order to ensure earthquake resistance and the like, and it is necessary to reduce the number of pillars in order to secure a wider indoor space. For this reason, the conventional method of assembling columns and beams may be difficult to build, and instead of this, a technique called the portal frame method using large-section laminated timber has been developed. Since this method secures the strength with the gate-shaped frame that forms the outer edge of the building, there is no need to arrange pillars in the room, the degree of freedom in floor plan is high, and the cost can be reduced more than the steel structure. There are advantages.

  The portal frame method literally forms a building skeleton by arranging a plurality of frames based on a combination of a single beam and pillars that support both ends. In this method, it is rare that the lower part of the column is directly connected to the foundation, and usually a column base is interposed between the two. As the column base hardware, an H-shaped side-by-side or a box-shaped one is widely used. An example is shown in FIG. Anchor bolts are embedded in the foundation in the figure, and a column base is inserted into the tip, and a nut is screwed to integrate the column base with the foundation. Furthermore, various metal fittings are embedded in the lower surface of the column, and bolts are inserted into the metal fitting to integrate the column with the column base. As for the structure around the foundation as shown in FIG. 6, a technique such as the following Patent Document 1 has been developed. This technology absorbs energy in the event of an earthquake by plastic deformation of anchor bolts, and has the effect of reducing building damage.

JP 2000-248336 A

  The portal frame method needs to be set up vertically without tilting the pillars to ensure the strength of the building. However, the top surface of the foundation cannot be avoided due to various factors, and the pillar cannot be erected simply by installing it on the foundation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the height of the nut to be screwed into the anchor bolt after placing a pillar metal fitting on this where the anchor bolt on the upper surface of the foundation protrudes and places a bulge called “Manju”. Measures such as removing the inclination of column base hardware by individually adjusting However, manju is not stable due to the point contact with the column base hardware, and it takes time to remove the tilt, and excessive tightening of the nut causes excessive pressure to act on the manju. There are problems such as damage. In addition, there are other methods to make the column upright, such as a method of incorporating jack bolts at the bottom of the column base hardware or a method of sandwiching multiple steel plates between the foundation and the column base hardware, such as the tip of the jack bolt. Since the load concentrates in a very narrow area, the foundation may be damaged, and the verticality of the column may not be maintained.

  Moreover, even if the building can be protected by the plastic deformation of the anchor bolt during the earthquake as in the above-mentioned patent document, it is necessary to replace the anchor bolt in order to continue using the building after that. However, since the anchor bolt is embedded in the foundation, it is necessary to reconstruct the foundation when replacing it. In reality, the entire structure including the foundation is newly constructed.

  The present invention has been developed based on such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a foundation structure in which pillars and column bases can be installed in a horizontal state and anchor bolts can be replaced.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a foundation structure for installing a pillar on the upper surface of the foundation, and is a plurality of supports embedded in the foundation and protruding only from the upper surface of the foundation. The support plate is composed of an embedded plate that integrates the plurality of supports, and a fastening bolt that protrudes upward from the center of the support, and the support is formed with a hole for inserting the fastening bolt. , the bottom of the middle hole in Rukoto with an internal thread for screwing the fastening bolt, interchangeable with the fastening bolt after completion, on the upper surface of the support is pedestal hardware to support posts or pillars A column or a column base is fixed to the foundation by a fastening bolt that is placed and screwed into the female screw, and the inner diameter of the inner hole is about twice the diameter of the threaded portion of the fastening bolt. this we have reserved a gap on the outer edge of the threaded portion Which is a basic structure characterized.

  The present invention is mainly configured by a plurality of supports, an embedded plate that collects these supports, and a fastening bolt corresponding to a conventional anchor bolt. The support is used to hold a fastening bolt that functions as an anchor bolt, is a metal rod, and is embedded upright in a concrete foundation. However, the entire support is not embedded in the foundation, but its upper part protrudes from the upper surface of the surrounding foundation. Therefore, at the time of construction, the temporary position of the support is determined with high accuracy and the amount of concrete to be poured is not excessive.

  Conventionally, a column or a column base is rarely fixed with only one anchor bolt, and a plurality of supports are used for one column or one column base in the present invention. To do. In this case, it is necessary to correctly determine the positional relationship between the individual supports, and in the present invention, all the supports are fixed together using an embedded plate. This burying plate is an iron plate cut out into a rectangle, a circle, or the like according to the shape of the column base metal, and contacts the lower surface of each support, so that the whole is buried in the foundation after construction. The fixing method between the embedded plate and the support may be welding, but the simplest method is to use a bolt.

  The fastening bolt is for fixing the column or the column base metal to the foundation, and its lower part is inserted into the inside of the support. In addition, what is actually used as a fastening bolt is a round rod-shaped stud bolt or a general hexagon bolt. In addition, the support body into which the fastening bolt is inserted is formed with an inner hole extending downward from the upper surface. The inner diameter of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the screw portion of the fastening bolt so as to allow the bending of the fastening bolt. To ensure a predetermined gap. Further, a female screw for screwing a fastening bolt is provided at the bottom of the center hole.

  When installing a pillar using the foundation structure according to the present invention, first, a plurality of supports are integrated with an embedded plate, and fixed to a predetermined position based on a design drawing. After that, when concrete is poured into the formwork to a specified height, not only the buried plate but the upper part of the support body is buried in the foundation so that it can resist vertical loads. Then, after the foundation is solidified, it is confirmed whether or not the upper surface of each support is horizontal and at the same height. If there is an error exceeding the allowable range, use a tool such as a sander to adjust the height. Thereafter, a stud bolt (fastening bolt) is inserted into the inner hole and screwed into the internal female screw.

  Next, a column or a column base is placed on the upper surface of the support. A hole for inserting the stud bolt is formed on the bottom surface of the column base metal. After inserting the stud bolt into this hole, the nut is screwed up and tightened, and the column base metal is integrated with the foundation. To do. In the present invention, since the column base metal is placed on the upper surface of the support and does not directly contact the foundation, it is not affected by the unevenness of the upper surface of the foundation, and all vertical loads from the columns are transmitted to the support. Therefore, local load does not act on the foundation, and cracking due to aging can be prevented. In addition, when mounting a pillar as it is without interposing a column base metal, after providing a flange etc. in the lower surface of a pillar, a hexagon bolt (fastening bolt) is inserted from the upper part and a pillar is integrated with a foundation.

  Even if a large-scale earthquake is encountered after the building is completed, the buried plate and support are embedded in the foundation, so there is little possibility of damage. However, the fastening bolt concentrates external force acting on the building and has a finite cross-sectional diameter, so that plastic deformation may occur depending on the situation. This has the effect of absorbing energy and reducing the damage to the building, but once it is deformed it cannot perform its original function. However, according to the present invention, it is possible to remove the fastening bolt without dismantling the foundation, and the building can be restored to the original state without performing a large-scale construction.

  The invention according to claim 2 relates to the structure of the support, and the support includes an inner cylinder on which a column or a column base metal is placed, and an outer cylinder surrounding the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder Both are screwed together by a pair of screws formed on the outer periphery of the body and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder. In order to make the column upright, it is necessary to make the height of the upper surface of each support the same as described above. The present invention realizes this, and the support body has a concentric double structure, and the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body are integrated by screwing, and by rotating the inner cylinder body, The cylinder can move up and down and the height can be adjusted freely, and the height of the upper surface of each support can be made uniform by a simple operation. Of course, the inner cylinder projects upward from the outer cylinder.

  As in the first aspect of the present invention, the support is protruded from the upper surface of the foundation, a column or a column base is placed on the upper surface of the support, and the column is further connected via a fastening bolt screwed to the support. Alternatively, by integrating the column base hardware with the foundation, the column and column base hardware can be raised vertically without being in direct contact with the foundation and without being affected by irregularities on the top surface of the foundation. . Therefore, it is possible to accurately install a member that is a skeleton of the building, such as a gate-type frame, and further, since the building load does not act on the upper surface of the foundation, cracking of the foundation can be prevented. In addition, during the construction, after temporarily placing the column bases and columns, tightening the nuts completes the installation of the columns, so fine adjustment is not required and time and costs can be reduced.

In addition, since the fastening bolts equivalent to the conventional anchor bolts are attached to the support body by screwing, even if a large-scale earthquake is encountered and the fastening bolts are plastically deformed, large-scale construction should be performed. In addition, only the fastening bolts can be exchanged, and the building can be repaired in a short time and at a low cost. In addition, the inner diameter of the inner hole of the support is about twice the outer diameter of the screw part of the fastening bolt, and a clearance is secured on the outer edge of the screw part, so that the fastening bolt can be bent even when an excessive load is applied. In addition to being acceptable, it can be inserted and removed with the fastening bolt tilted, making it easy to replace.

  As in the invention described in claim 2, the support body has a double structure composed of the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and a pair of screws are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder body and the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder body. By screwing, the height of the upper surface of the inner cylinder can be freely adjusted by rotating the inner cylinder even after the support is embedded in the foundation. Therefore, even when the upper surfaces of the plurality of supports are not aligned at the same height due to construction errors, etc., they can be aligned at the same height by a very simple operation.

It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the basic structure by this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view after the support of FIG. 1 or the like is embedded in the foundation, in which (A) is an upper surface of the foundation and (B) is a state in which a pillar is installed. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of installing a pillar on a foundation, (A) is a normal state, (B) is a state where a stud bolt is plastically deformed, and (C) is a state when replacing the stud bolt. . It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the example of a shape of a support body, (A) is what made the support body the double structure of an inner cylinder body and an outer cylinder body, (B) is a washer between a support body and a column base metal. Is interposed. It is a perspective view which shows the form which mounts a pillar on the basic structure of this invention, without interposing column base metal. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the installation of the present column base hardware, and has mounted the column base hardware on the hemispherical "manju" which raised the upper surface of the foundation.

  FIG. 1 shows an overview of the basic structure according to the invention. The column 41 constituting one end of the portal frame is installed on the foundation F through a column base 31 that has an H-shaped shape. Further, the embedded plate 11 and the support 21 are embedded in the foundation F. The support 21 has a function of placing the column base 31 and is made of a metal and has a cylindrical appearance, but in detail includes a lower connecting portion 22 and an upper cylindrical portion 23. The connecting portion 22 is formed with a female screw 24 penetrating up and down the center, and a step is formed at the upper portion for inserting the cylindrical portion 23. On the other hand, the cylindrical part 23 is literally cylindrical, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the stud bolt 17 (fastening bolt), and a predetermined gap is secured. In addition, after inserting the cylindrical part 23 in the upper part of the connection part 22, the support body 21 is integrated by welding, and the connection part 22 and the cylindrical part 23 do not separate at the time of use.

  The column base 31 shown in this figure is placed on a total of four supports 21, and the individual supports 21 are arranged so as to be concentric with the pilot holes 32 formed in the column base 31. And integrated by the embedded plate 11. The embedded plate 11 is a simple metal plate, and a round hole 12 is formed at the same position as the lower hole 32 of the column base 31. Then, after the upper surface of the embedded plate 11 and the lower surface of the support 21 are brought into contact with each other, the round holes 12 and the female screw 24 are aligned concentrically, and then the bolts 16 are inserted and tightened from below, the embedded plate 11 and the entire support 21 Are integrated. After fixing in a predetermined position in this state, when the ready-mixed concrete serving as the foundation F is driven to a predetermined height, only the upper portion of the support 21 protrudes from the foundation F, and the entire embedded plate 11 and most of the support 21 are placed. Is embedded in the foundation F.

  A stud bolt 17 corresponding to a conventional anchor bolt is inserted in the center of the support 21. The lower end portion of the stud bolt 17 is screwed and fixed to a female screw 24 inside the support body 21, and the upper end portion thereof protrudes from the upper surface of the support body 21, and has a length sufficient to fix the column base 31. It is secured. After the upper part of the stud bolt 17 is inserted into the lower hole 32 of the column base 31, when the nut 18 is screwed and tightened, the column base 31 is mounted on the support 21 with the base F. Integrate. In addition, an upper hole 33 for attaching the column 41 is formed in the upper part of the column base metal 31, and a lag screw 42 is embedded in the lower end surface of the column 41. A female screw 43 is formed at the center of the lag screw 42. When the bolt 38 is inserted from the upper hole 33 of the column base 31 toward the female screw 43, the column base 31 and the column 41 are integrated.

  FIG. 2 shows a state after the support 21 and the like in FIG. 1 are embedded in the base F, FIG. 2 (A) is an upper surface of the base F, and FIG. 2 (B) is a state where the pillar 41 is installed. As shown in FIG. 2A, when the concrete forming the foundation F is finished, only the upper portion of the support 21 protrudes from the foundation F, and the embedded plate 11 and the like in FIG. 1 are not exposed to the outside. Further, since the stud bolt 17 is screwed with the female screw 24 inside the support body 21, it can be freely attached and detached after the foundation F is placed. If the top surfaces of the four support bodies 21 are not aligned at the same height, finishing can be performed using a tool such as a sander S.

  When the column base 31 is mounted on the upper surface of the support 21 and the nut 18 is attached to the tip of the stud bolt 17 and tightened, the column base 31 is integrated with the foundation F as shown in FIG. To do. Further, the column base 31 and the column 41 are also integrated by the bolt 38, and various loads acting on the column 41 can be transmitted to the foundation F. Since the column base 31 is placed on the upper surface of the support 21, it is not in direct contact with the foundation F, and the building load is transmitted through the support 21 and the embedded plate 11 shown in FIG. 1. It is accepted.

  FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section when the column 41 is installed on the foundation F as shown in FIG. Each drawing shows a central cross section of the support 21 and the lag screw 42. 3A is a normal state, FIG. 3B is a state where the stud bolt 17 is plastically deformed, and FIG. 3C is a state when the stud bolt 17 is replaced. As shown in FIG. 3A, the column base 31 is placed on the upper surface of the support 21 and fixed via the stud bolt 17. Further, the column 41 is fixed to the column base metal 31 via a bolt 38 and a lag screw 42. In addition, the entire area of the embedded plate 11 is surrounded by the foundation F, and even when an upward load is applied to the stud bolt 17, this can be dispersed over a wide range to maintain the soundness of the building.

  When a large earthquake is encountered after the building is completed, an excessive load acts on the stud bolt 17 and the stud bolt 17 may be plastically deformed as shown in FIG. Although this plastic deformation has the effect of absorbing energy during an earthquake, the original function as an anchor bolt cannot be exhibited thereafter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, the deformed stud bolt 17 is removed from the support 21 and then replaced with a new stud bolt 17, whereby the building can be reconstructed.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the shape of the support 21 in a longitudinal section. FIG. 4A shows the support 21 having a double structure of an inner cylinder 27 and an outer cylinder 26. FIG. In B), a washer 29 is interposed between the support 21 and the column base 31. In order to prevent the inclination of the column 41, the upper surface of the support body 21 needs to be aligned at the same height. In order to realize this, there is a method using a sander S as shown in FIG. 2 (A). However, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), an inner cylinder 27 is provided inside the support 21 and this inner cylinder is provided. By adopting a structure in which the body 27 can be moved up and down by the screw 28, the height of the upper surface of the support body 21 can be adjusted with a simple operation with high accuracy. The outer cylindrical body 26 corresponds to the cylindrical portion 23 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, and prevents the concrete from entering the inside of the support body 21, and the inner cylindrical body 27 has a margin for the stud bolt 17. The inner diameter that can be inserted is secured.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B, the height of the upper surface of the support 21 can also be adjusted by interposing a washer 29 between the support 21 and the column base 31 and adjusting the thickness of each washer 29. Can be aligned. Of course, the washer 29 is required to have sufficient durability against the compressive load.

  FIG. 5 shows a form in which the column 46 is placed on the basic structure of the present invention without interposing the column base 31. In this figure, the flange 47 is integrated with the lower surface of the metal column 46 by welding, and the flange 47 is placed on the support 21 and the column base 31 is omitted. A plurality of round holes 48 are formed in the flange 47, and a hexagon bolt 19 is used as a fastening bolt for fixing the column 46 instead of the stud bolt 17 shown in FIG. Further, the support body 21 is an integral structure in which a center hole 25 and a female screw 24 are machined into a round bar, and a total of eight are arranged concentrically with the round hole 48, and the buried plate 11 therebelow has a square frame shape. Yes. In this configuration, the lower surface of the flange 47 is placed on the upper surface of the support 21, the column 46 and the foundation F are not in contact, and the hexagon bolt 19 can be replaced after construction.

11 buried plate 12 round hole 16 bolt 17 stud bolt (fastening bolt)
18 Nut 19 Hexagon bolt (fastening bolt)
21 Support 22 Connecting Portion 23 Cylindrical Portion 24 Female Screw 25 Middle Hole 26 Outer Cylindrical Body 27 Inner Cylindrical Body 28 Screw 29 Washer 31 Column Base Metal 32 Lower Hole 33 Upper Hole 38 Bolt 41 Column 42 Lug Screw 43 Female Screw 46 Column 47 Flange 48 Round hole F Foundation S Thunder

Claims (2)

A basic structure for installing the pillars (41, 46) on the upper surface of the foundation (F),
A plurality of supports (21) embedded in the foundation (F) and projecting only from the upper surface of the foundation (F); an embedded plate (11) integrating the plurality of supports (21); and the support A fastening bolt (17, 19) projecting upward from the center of the body (21),
The support (21) is formed with a hole (25) for inserting the fastening bolt (17, 19), and the fastening bolt (17, 19) is screwed into the bottom of the hole (25). in Rukoto comprising a female thread (24) for, interchangeable the fastening bolts (17, 19) after completion,
On the upper surface of the support (21), a column base (31) for supporting the column (46) or the column (41) is mounted, and fastening bolts (17, 19) screwed into the female screw (24). column (46) or column base hardware (31) is fixed to the base (F) by,
The inner diameter of the inner hole (25) is about twice the diameter of the screw portion of the fastening bolt (17, 19), and a gap is secured at the outer edge of the screw portion. Construction. The support (21) includes an inner cylinder (27) on which the column (46) or the column base (31) is placed, and an outer cylinder (26) surrounding the inner cylinder (27). The foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein both are screwed together by a pair of screws (28) formed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder (27) and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder (26).

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