JP5385586B2 - Head substrate, recording head, head cartridge, and recording apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a head substrate, a recording head, a head cartridge, and a recording apparatus. The present invention particularly relates to a head substrate, a recording head, a head cartridge, and a recording apparatus that are used for, for example, inkjet recording and have a circuit for driving a recording element by a constant voltage driving method or a constant current driving method. .

  In a printer (hereinafter referred to as a recording apparatus) using an ink jet recording head that records an image by ejecting ink, if the size of the ejected ink droplets is not uniform, the quality of the recorded image is reduced or the density unevenness is reduced. Degradation of the image quality due to the above or the like may occur. For this reason, conventionally, in order to perform high-quality recording, it is desired to always keep the ink droplet size constant.

  In a recording head (hereinafter referred to as a recording head) that employs a method in which ink is heated and foamed, and ink is ejected by the pressure, among ink jet recording heads, the size of ink droplets is affected by the pressure at the time of ink foaming . The foaming pressure depends on the amount of heat generated by the heater, which is energy applied to the ink. For this reason, by making the amount of heat generated to the heater constant, that is, by making the input energy to the heater constant, the size of the ink droplets becomes constant and high quality recording becomes possible.

When energy is input to the heater by applying a constant voltage to the heater, the input energy P is expressed by the following equation. That is,
P = (V × V / R) × t
It is. Here, R is a resistance value of the heater, V is a voltage applied to the heater, and t is a voltage application time to the heater. The heater resistance value R generally varies by about 10 to 20% for each recording head due to manufacturing variations. Therefore, even if the voltage applied to the heater and the application time are constant, if the resistance value of the heater varies, the input energy P varies between the recording heads.

  Conventionally, in order to suppress the influence of this variation, for example, a method as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used. According to this method, one or several dummy heaters are built in the recording head in addition to the ink discharge heater, and the resistance value of the dummy heater is measured. Then, the recording heads are classified into a plurality of ranks (head ranks) based on the actually measured resistance values of the dummy heaters, and the input heat energy amount is adjusted according to each head rank. Specifically, the ejection of ink droplets is stabilized by changing the pulse width of the pulse voltage or current applied to the recording head and optimizing the ejection energy.

  According to the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1, the recording apparatus main body includes a measuring unit including a constant current circuit, an amplifier, and an A / D converter for measuring the resistance value of the dummy heater of the recording head. It is done. Using this measuring unit, a correction coefficient is obtained by measuring a reference resistance whose resistance value of the recording apparatus body is known. Next, this measuring unit measures the resistance value of the dummy heater of the recording head and corrects the measured resistance value using a correction coefficient obtained in advance. On the other hand, the recording apparatus determines the head rank of the recording head based on the corrected resistance value. The recording pulse generator of the recording apparatus sets the amount of energy applied to the heater of the recording head based on this head rank.

Now, on a print head substrate (hereinafter referred to as a head substrate), a number of heaters and their drive circuits are formed on the same semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of head substrates are formed on the wafer. The resistance value of the heater varies about 10 to 20% between the wafers, and the variation is about several% within the same wafer. Although there is a variation of several percent in the resistance value of the heater within the wafer, the variation distribution has been gradual and the substrate area has been relatively small so far. It was possible.
JP-A-7-81117

  On the other hand, in recent years, since higher speed and higher definition are increasingly demanded of recording apparatuses, the number of nozzles mounted on the recording head has increased, and the mounting density has also increased. Therefore, the number of heaters in the substrate of one head is increased, and the heater substrate area is also increased. As a result, the area of one substrate on the wafer also increases. For this reason, the variation in the resistance value of the heater in the head substrate becomes large and cannot be ignored.

  In addition, since there is an increasing demand for high-quality photo printing on recording devices, energy input to the heater is higher than before in order to make the size of the ejected ink droplets constant with high accuracy. There is a demand for accuracy.

  However, in the resistance value variation correction in the conventional recording head, only one or several dummy heater resistance elements are provided on the head substrate, and the input energy to the heater is merely controlled based on the resistance value. There wasn't. For this reason, regarding the control of the input energy, only uniform control over the entire head substrate or only several steps of control can be performed. That is, in the prior art, it has not been possible to control the energy input to be constant with respect to variations in the resistance values of the individual heaters in the head substrate.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional example, and uses a head substrate that enables high-quality recording by making the energy input to the resistance value variation of individual heaters constant, and the head substrate. It is intended to provide a recording head. It is another object of the present invention to provide a head cartridge incorporating the recording head and a recording apparatus using the recording head.

  In order to achieve the above object, the head substrate of the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, a head substrate that drives a plurality of heaters by energy generated according to a constant voltage driving method, each of the plurality of heaters includes a first switch that controls supply of energy to the heater, and the heater. current flowing, or, using a portion of the current flowing through the heater, time proportional to the resistance value of the heater, comprises a circuit for generating a pulse, time of the pulse generated by the circuit, the first switch Ri and controlling to perform energization of the heater.

Another aspect of the present invention is a head substrate that drives a plurality of heaters by energy generated according to a constant current driving method, and controls the supply of energy to each of the plurality of heaters. a switch, by applying a current that increases at a constant rate to the heater and the resistance value time is equal resistance, the time that is inversely proportional to the resistance value of the heater, and a circuitry for generating a pulse by the circuit time of the generated pulses, comprising a head substrate and controlling to perform the energization to by Ri the heater to the switch.

  According to still another invention, a recording head using the head substrate having the above-described configuration is provided.

  According to still another aspect of the invention, a head cartridge is provided that integrally includes the ink jet recording head and an ink tank that holds ink to be supplied to the recording head.

  According to still another aspect of the invention, there is provided a recording apparatus that performs recording by ejecting ink onto a recording medium using the ink jet recording head or the head cartridge having the above configuration.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the input energy appropriate for each heater even in a recording head having variations in the resistance value of the heater. As a result, regardless of variations in the resistance value of the heater, for example, by stabilizing the ink discharge amount, recording can be stabilized and high-quality recording can be performed.

  Moreover, excessive energy input to the heater can be suppressed, and the durability of the heater can be improved.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In this specification, “recording” (sometimes referred to as “printing”) is not limited to the case of forming significant information such as characters and graphics, but may be significant. It also represents the case where an image, a pattern, a pattern, etc. are widely formed on a recording medium, or the medium is processed, regardless of whether it is manifested so that humans can perceive it visually. .

  “Recording medium” refers not only to paper used in general recording apparatuses but also widely to cloth, plastic film, metal plate, glass, ceramics, wood, leather, and the like that can accept ink. Shall.

  Further, “ink” (sometimes referred to as “liquid”) should be interpreted widely as in the definition of “recording (printing)”. Therefore, by being applied on the recording medium, it is used for formation of images, patterns, patterns, etc., processing of the recording medium, or ink processing (for example, solidification or insolubilization of the colorant in the ink applied to the recording medium). It shall represent a liquid that can be made.

  Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the “nozzle” collectively refers to an ejection port or a liquid channel communicating with the ejection port and an element that generates energy used for ink ejection.

  The printhead substrate (head substrate) used below does not indicate a simple substrate composed only of a silicon semiconductor, but indicates a configuration provided with elements, wirings, and the like.

  Furthermore, “on the substrate” not only indicates the head substrate, but also indicates the surface of the head substrate and the inside of the element substrate near the surface. In addition, the term “built-in” in the present invention is not a word indicating that each individual element is simply arranged separately on the surface of the base body, but each element is formed on the head substrate by a semiconductor circuit manufacturing process or the like. It shows that it is integrally formed and manufactured on top.

  The “constant current” and “constant current source” in the present invention are a predetermined constant current applied to the recording element regardless of fluctuations in the number of simultaneously driven recording elements, and a current source that supplies this current to the recording element. It means that. The current value itself to be constant includes the case where the current value is changed to a predetermined current value.

<Description of Inkjet Recording Apparatus (FIG. 1)>
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ink jet recording apparatus which is a typical embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the lead screw 5004 rotates via driving force transmission gears 5009 to 5011 in conjunction with forward and reverse rotation of the carriage motor 5013. The carriage HC has a pin (not shown) that engages with the spiral groove 5005 of the lead screw 5004, and is supported by the guide rail 5003 as the lead screw 5004 rotates so as to reciprocate in the directions of arrows a and b. Is done. An ink jet cartridge IJC is mounted on the carriage HC. The ink jet cartridge IJC includes an ink jet recording head IJH (hereinafter referred to as a recording head) and an ink tank IT for storing recording ink.

  The inkjet cartridge IJC has a configuration in which the recording head IJH and the ink tank IT are integrated (this is referred to as a head cartridge).

  Reference numeral 5002 denotes a paper pressing plate that presses the paper against the platen 5000 in the moving direction of the carriage. The platen 5000 is rotated by a conveyance motor (not shown) to convey the recording paper P. Reference numeral 5016 denotes a member that supports a cap member 5022 that caps the front surface of the recording head. Reference numeral 5015 denotes suction means for sucking the inside of the cap, and performs suction recovery of the recording head through the opening 5023 in the cap. Reference numeral 5017 denotes a cleaning blade, and reference numeral 5019 denotes a member that enables the blade to move in the front-rear direction, and these are supported by a main body support plate 5018.

  FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing a detailed configuration of the ink jet cartridge IJC.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ink jet cartridge IJC is composed of a cartridge IJCK that discharges black ink and a cartridge IJCC that discharges three color inks of cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y). ing. These two cartridges can be separated from each other and can be detached from the carriage HC independently.

  The cartridge IJCK includes an ink tank ITK that stores black ink and a recording head IJHK that discharges and records black ink. These cartridges have an integrated configuration. Similarly, the cartridge IJCC includes an ink tank ITC that stores three color inks of cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y), and a recording head IJHC that discharges and records these color inks. However, these are integrated. In this embodiment, the ink tank is filled with ink.

  In addition, the cartridges IJCK and IJCC can be used not only as an integral type, but also as a configuration in which the ink tank and the recording head are separated.

  The recording head IJH is used when the recording head IJHK and the recording head IJHC are collectively referred to.

  Further, as apparent from FIG. 2, the nozzle row for ejecting black ink, the nozzle row for ejecting cyan ink, the nozzle row for ejecting magenta ink, and the nozzle row for ejecting yellow ink are arranged side by side in the carriage movement direction. The The nozzle arrangement direction intersects the carriage movement direction.

  Next, a control configuration for executing the recording control of the recording apparatus described above will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control circuit of the recording apparatus.

  In FIG. 3, 1700 is an interface for inputting a recording signal, 1701 is an MPU, and 1702 is a ROM for storing a control program executed by the MPU 1701. Reference numeral 1703 denotes a DRAM for storing various data (such as the recording signal and recording data supplied to the recording head). Reference numeral 1704 denotes a gate array (GA) that controls supply of print data to the print head IJH, and also controls data transfer among the interface 1700, MPU 1701, and RAM 1703.

  Further, reference numeral 1709 denotes a transport motor (not shown in FIG. 1) 1706 for transporting the recording paper P, 1706 denotes a motor driver for driving the transport motor 1709, and 1707 denotes a motor driver for driving the carriage motor 1710. Reference numeral 1705 denotes a head driver for driving the recording head IJH. This head driver outputs a logic signal as a control signal for variably setting a constant current value applied to the heater of the recording head IJH to a predetermined value, a control signal for controlling a switch provided in a voltage-current conversion circuit for generating a reference current, and the like. Is also output. When a signal for controlling this switch is generated inside the recording head, it is not necessary to transmit a signal from the recording apparatus main body.

  The operation of the control configuration will be described. When a recording signal enters the interface 1700, the recording signal is converted into recording data for printing between the gate array 1704 and the MPU 1701. Then, the motor drivers 1706 and 1707 are driven, and the recording head IJH is driven in accordance with the recording data sent to the carriage HC, and image recording on the recording paper P is performed.

  In this embodiment, the recording head configured as shown in FIG. 2 is used, and control is performed so that the recording by the recording head IJHK and the recording by the recording head IJHC do not overlap in each scanning of the carriage. In the case of color recording, the recording head IJHK and the recording head IJHC are driven alternately for each scan. For example, when the carriage performs reciprocal scanning, control is performed so that the recording head IJHK is driven in the forward scanning and the recording head IJHC is driven in the backward scanning. The drive control of the print head is not limited to such control, and the print operation is performed only by the forward scan, and the print head IJHK and the print head IJHC are driven by the two forward scans without carrying the recording paper P. Other controls may be performed.

  Next, two examples of the configuration and operation of the head substrate mounted on the recording head IJH will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit for one heater drive circuit provided on the head substrate of the recording head IJH. This circuit is a circuit using a constant voltage driving method in which energy is supplied to the heater by applying a constant voltage to the heater.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a power source 102 is connected to one end of the heater 101 for applying a voltage to the heater 101 for heating and foaming the ink and ejecting the ink from the nozzles. A switch (first switch) 103 for controlling power supply is connected in series to the other end of the heater 101. In addition, a switch (second switch) 104 that branches and extracts a part of the current flowing through the heater 101 is also connected in series to the other end of the heater 101.

  A capacitor 106 is connected to one end of the switch 104, a part of the heater current is accumulated, and a switch (third switch) 108 is connected to discharge the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 106. In the comparator 105, the voltage accumulated in the capacitor 106 and the reference voltage Vref are connected to each input terminal. The comparator 105 compares these two input voltages. The output of the comparator 105 obtained as a result of the comparison is output to the switches 103 and 104 via the inverter 109, and the opening and closing of these switches is controlled.

  Next, the heater driving operation will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a time chart regarding heater driving in the heater driving circuit shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 5, the solid line and dotted line waveforms respectively indicate the case where the resistance value of the heater is large and the case where it is small. Here, description will be made assuming that the heater driving starts from the time indicated by t = T1.

  A constant voltage is applied to the heater 101 by closing the switches 103 and 104.

  FIG. 5A shows the current Ih flowing through the heater. The current Ih flowing through the heater is as shown in Equation (1).

Ih = Vh / Rh (1)
Here, Vh is a constant voltage applied to the heater, and Rh is a resistance value of the heater.

  According to the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 4, a part of the heater current Ih ′ flows through the switch 104. Since the charge of the current Ih ′ is accumulated in the capacitor 106, the voltage at the point A in FIG. 4 changes as shown in FIG. 5B. Assuming that the current Ih ′ is Ih ′ = a × Ih (a: constant), the voltage VA at the point A is as shown in Expression (2).

VA (t) = a × Ih × t / C = a × Vh × t / (Rh × C) (2)
Here, t is the time after the current starts to flow through the heater 101, and C is the capacitance value of the capacitor 106.

  Assuming that the value of the reference voltage connected to the (−) terminal of the comparator 105 is Vref, the output of the comparator 105 is inverted when the voltage at the point A becomes equal to or higher than Vref. The broken line in the horizontal direction in FIG. 5B indicates the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the comparator 105 is inverted at time t = T2 and t = T3 when the voltage waveform at the point A intersects Vref.

  The time t when the voltage at the point A becomes equal to Vref is obtained as shown in Equation (3).

Since Vref = VA (t) = a × Vh × t / (Rh × C),
t = Vref × Rh × C / (a × Vh) (3)
It becomes.

  The output waveform of the comparator 105 at this time is shown in FIG.

  Since each term on the right side of Equation (3) is a constant other than the resistance value Rh of the heater, the energization time t of the heater is proportional to the resistance value Rh of the heater.

  As shown in FIG. 5C, when the resistance value of the heater 101 is large, a pulse signal with a pulse width of t1 is generated by the output of the comparator 105 when the pulse width is t1 and when the resistance value is small. The switch 103 is controlled based on the pulse signal generated by the output of the comparator 105, and a current flows through the heater 101 in a time corresponding to the resistance value of the heater 101 as shown in FIG.

  In summary, in this embodiment, the circuit described above constitutes a time constant circuit using a current flowing through the heater 101 or a current flowing through a resistor relatively equal to the heater 101. The energization of the heater 101 by the switch 103 is controlled by a pulse generated from this circuit. Note that the switch 103 is usually composed of a MOS transistor, and the MOS transistor operates as a switching element.

  The waveform shown in FIG. 5E shows the timing for controlling the switch 108 that discharges the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 106.

  The electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 106 is discharged by a short pulse at the timing t = T1, and then the switch 108 is opened to start charging. After the output of the comparator 105 is inverted, the capacitor 106 is discharged by the control pulse of the switch 108, the comparator 105 is reset, and the capacitor 106 starts to be charged. The energization cycle of the heater 101 is determined by the cycle of the control signal pulse to the switch 108.

Since the input energy P to the heater is P = Vh × Vh × t / Rh, substituting Equation (3) into t in the above equation,
P = Vh * Vh * {Vref * Rh * C / (a * Vh)} / Rh
= Vh x Vh x Vref x C / (a x Vh)
= Vh x Vref x C / a
And Rh is not included on the right side. This means that the energy input to the heater is constant.

  As described above, in the circuit shown in FIG. 4 in which the heater 101 is driven by applying the constant voltage Vh to the heater 101, the energization time t to the heater 101 is proportional to the resistance value Rh of the heater. The term of the resistance value Rh of the included heater is canceled. Therefore, the input energy P becomes a constant value.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment described above, by applying the above circuit to each heater on the recording head substrate in a constant voltage drive type recording head, even if the heater resistance value varies, the heater The energy input to can be made constant.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit for one heater driving circuit on the head substrate of the recording head IJH. This circuit is a circuit using a constant current driving method in which energy is supplied to the heater by supplying a constant current to the heater. In FIG. 6, the same components as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the other end of the switch 103 constant current source 2 01 for supplying a constant current to the heater 101 are connected in series. A resistor 203 is provided separately from the heater 101 for discharging ink, and is disposed in the vicinity of the heater 101 on the head substrate. With such an arrangement, the relative resistance values of the heater 101 and the resistor 203 for performing energy control are made equal on the head substrate on which a plurality of heaters are arranged. The resistor 203 one end of current source 2 02 and comparator 105 (+) is connected to the input terminal. Current source 202 generates a current of sawtooth waveform current increases monotonously at a fixed period. A reference voltage source 107 having a voltage value Vref is connected to the (−) input terminal of the comparator 105. The comparator 105 compares the voltages input to these two input terminals.

  The output of the comparator 105 controls the opening and closing of the switch 103 via the inverter 109.

  Next, the heater driving operation will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a time chart relating to heater driving in the heater driving circuit shown in FIG.

  Also in FIG. 7, as in FIG. 5, the solid line and dotted line waveforms indicate the cases where the resistance value of the heater is large and small, respectively. Here, description will be made assuming that the heater driving starts from the time indicated by t = T1.

Current source 202 generates a current at which the current increases monotonically in a fixed cycle, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), and outputs a sawtooth-shaped current. In the saw-tooth current waveform Iref (t), if t = T1 is t = 0 (origin), it can be expressed as Iref (t) = a × t (a: constant).

Since this current flows through the resistor 203, when the resistance value is Rref, the voltage VA at the point A in FIG.
VA (t) = Iref (t) × Rref = a × t × Rref
It becomes. Further, if the value Rref of the resistor 203 is equal to the resistance value Rh of the heater 101 for discharging ink and Rref = b × Rh, Expression (4) is obtained.

VA (t) = a × b × Rh × t (4)
Assuming that the value of the reference voltage connected to the (−) input terminal of the comparator 105 is Vref, the output of the comparator 105 is inverted when the voltage at the point A becomes equal to or higher than Vref. The broken line in the horizontal direction in FIG. 7B indicates the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the comparator 105 is inverted at time t = T2 and t = T3 when the voltage waveform at the point A intersects Vref, respectively.

  Here, the time t when the voltage at the point A becomes equal to Vref is obtained.

  Since Vref = VA (t) = a * b * Rh * t, Expression (5) is obtained.

t = Vref / (a × b × Rh) (5)
The output waveform of the comparator 105 at this time is shown in FIG.

  Since each term on the right side of Equation (5) is a constant other than the resistance value Rh of the heater, the energization time t of the heater 101 is inversely proportional to the resistance value Rh of the heater 101.

  As shown in FIG. 7C, a pulse signal having a width t2 when the resistance value of the heater 101 is large and t1 when the resistance value is small is generated by the output of the comparator 105. The switch 103 is controlled based on the pulse signal generated from the output of the comparator 105, and a current flows through the heater 101 for a time corresponding to the resistance value of the heater 101 as shown in FIG.

  In summary, the circuit described above constitutes a time constant circuit that applies a current that increases at a constant rate with respect to time to the resistor 203 that is relatively equal to the heater 101, and the switch 103 uses the pulses generated by the circuit. Energization to the heater 101 is controlled. Note that the switch 103 is usually composed of a MOS transistor, and the MOS transistor operates as a switching element.

Since a constant current flows through the heater 101, the input energy P to the heater 101 is
P = Ih × Ih × Rh × t
It becomes. Substituting the right side of equation (5) into the above equation,
P = Ih × Ih × Rh × Vref / (a × b × Rh)
= Ih × Ih × Vref / (a × b)
Thus, the resistance value Rh of the heater 101 is not included on the right side. This means that the energy input to the heater is constant.

  As described above, in the circuit shown in FIG. 6 in which the heater 101 is driven by energizing the heater 101 with the constant current Ih, the energization time t to the heater 101 is inversely proportional to the resistance value Rh of the heater. The term of the resistance value Rh of the included heater is canceled. Therefore, the input energy P becomes a constant value.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment described above, by applying the above circuit to each heater on the recording head substrate in a constant current drive type recording head, even if the heater resistance value varies, the heater The energy input to can be made constant.

  As described above, according to these two embodiments, in the recording head having a variation in the heater resistance value, whether the driving method is a constant voltage driving method or a constant current driving method, it is turned on for each heater. Energy can be made appropriate. As a result, ink can be stably ejected regardless of variations in heater resistance, and high-quality recording can be performed.

  Further, since excessive energy input to the heater can be suppressed, there is an advantage that the durability of the heater can be improved.

1 is an external perspective view showing an outline of a configuration of a carriage peripheral portion of an ink jet recording apparatus that is a typical embodiment of the present invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the detailed structure of the inkjet cartridge IJC. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a control configuration of the recording apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit for one heater drive circuit provided on a head substrate of a recording head by a constant voltage driving method according to the first embodiment. It is a time chart regarding the heater drive in the heater drive circuit shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit for one heater driving circuit provided on a head substrate of a recording head by a constant current driving method according to a second embodiment. It is a time chart regarding the heater drive in the heater drive circuit shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

101 Heater 103 Switch 105 Comparator 106 Capacitor 107 Reference Voltage Source 109 Inverter 201 Constant Current Source IJH Recording Head

Claims (8)

A head substrate that drives a plurality of heaters by energy generated according to a constant voltage driving method,
Each of the plurality of heaters includes
A first switch for controlling the supply of energy to the heater;
A circuit that generates a pulse for a time proportional to the resistance value of the heater, using a current flowing through the heater, or a part of the current flowing through the heater,
A head substrate characterized in that the heater is controlled to be energized by the first switch for the duration of a pulse generated by the circuit. The circuit is
A capacitor,
A second switch for branching a part of the current flowing through the heater and controlling the capacitor to be charged;
A third switch for controlling to discharge the electric charge charged in the capacitor;
A reference voltage source;
A comparator for inputting and comparing a reference voltage from the reference voltage source and a voltage of the capacitor;
2. The head substrate according to claim 1, wherein the comparator outputs the pulse and controls opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch based on the pulse. A head substrate that drives a plurality of heaters by energy generated according to a constant current driving method,
Each of the plurality of heaters includes
A switch for controlling the supply of energy to the heater;
A circuit that generates a pulse for a time that is inversely proportional to the resistance value of the heater;
A head substrate characterized in that the heater is controlled to be energized by the switch for the duration of a pulse generated by the circuit. The circuit includes the resistor provided in the vicinity of the heater, and
A constant current source connected in series to the switch;
A current source that connects the resistors in series and generates a current having a sawtooth waveform in which the current monotonously increases at a constant period;
A reference voltage source;
A comparator for inputting and comparing a reference voltage from the reference voltage source and a voltage generated in the resistor by a current supplied from the current source;
The head substrate according to claim 3 , wherein the comparator outputs the pulse and controls opening and closing of the switch by the pulse. Printhead using a head substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The recording head according to claim 5 , wherein the recording head is an ink jet recording head that performs recording by discharging ink. A head cartridge comprising an ink tank for storing ink to be supplied to the ink jet recording head according to claim 6 . A recording apparatus that performs recording by ejecting ink onto a recording medium using the inkjet recording head according to claim 6 or the head cartridge according to claim 7 .

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