JP5368077B2 - Manufacturing method of casting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing a structure for foundry production by which the amount of gas generated when casting a molten metal can be reduced and air permeability can be enhanced. <P>SOLUTION: The method of producing a structure for foundry production includes: (1) a first step of heating the precursor of a structure for foundry production which is made by using a composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resins, water-soluble polymers and thermally expandable particles to harden the thermosetting resins in the precursor; and (2) a second step of heating the resultant precursor at a temperature higher than that in the first step. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a casting manufacturing structure used for manufacturing a casting.

  For castings, in general, a casting mold is used to form a mold with a cavity inside, based on a wooden mold or mold, and if necessary, a core is placed in the cavity and then molten metal is supplied to the cavity. Manufactured.

  In the sand mold using the foundry sand, a binder is added to normal sand and cured to maintain the shape. Therefore, a recycling process is essential for reusing the sand. Furthermore, waste such as dust is generated during the regeneration process. When the core is manufactured in a sand mold, in addition to these disadvantages, handling is difficult due to the weight of the core itself. Furthermore, the contradictory performances of strength maintenance during casting and core removal after casting are required.

  Therefore, the present applicant has previously proposed a casting manufacturing structure containing organic fibers, inorganic fibers, inorganic particles, and a thermosetting resin (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). This structure has the advantage of being excellent in hot strength and shape retention during casting. Therefore, when a casting is produced using this structure, it is not necessary to harden the foundry sand with a binder at the time of casting, so it is not necessary to regenerate the sand by mechanical polishing after casting, and waste can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. There is an advantage.

  However, in this technical field, there is an increasing demand for a technology capable of casting a hollow or complex three-dimensional casting with high accuracy and high surface smoothness.

JP 2005-349428 A JP 2006-346747 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of producing a casting that is better than the above-described conventional technique.

The present invention heats a precursor of a structure for producing a casting produced using a composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, a thermosetting resin, a water-soluble polymer, and thermally expandable particles, A first step of curing the thermosetting resin in the body;
There is provided a manufacturing method of a casting manufacturing structure including a second step of heating the precursor after being subjected to the first step at a temperature higher than the heating temperature of the first step. .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of gas generated from the casting manufacturing structure when the molten metal is cast, and to increase the air permeability of the structure. Therefore, by using the casting manufacturing structure manufactured according to the present invention, casting disturbance due to gas generation is effectively prevented, and stable casting can be performed.

  The manufacturing method of the structure for casting production according to the present invention is roughly divided into a first heating process and a second heating process. A 1st heating process is a process of heating the precursor of the target structure for casting manufacture. A 2nd heating process is a process of heating the precursor attached | subjected to the 1st process and obtaining the target structure for casting manufacture. Hereinafter, each process will be described.

  In the first heating step, a precursor of a target casting manufacturing structure is prepared. The precursor is manufactured using a composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, a thermosetting resin, a water-soluble polymer, and thermally expandable particles. The precursor can be produced by various methods. For example, a dough-like precursor manufacturing composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resin, water-soluble polymer, thermally expandable particles, and a dispersion medium is prepared as a molding raw material, and this composition is molded into a mold. It is possible to adopt a method in which the precursor is obtained by being injected into the substrate. If necessary, other components such as a colorant and a release agent may be added to the composition at an appropriate ratio.

  In the preparation of the precursor production composition, inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resins, water-soluble polymers and thermally expandable particles are previously mixed in a dry manner from the viewpoint of uniform mixing and improved moldability. It is preferable to do. The mixture is then dispersed in a dispersion medium. The obtained dispersion is kneaded with a kneader to prepare a dough-like composition. Preparation of a precursor production composition in a dough shape means that inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resins, water-soluble polymers, thermally expandable particles, and a dispersion medium are kneaded and fluidized. The term “inorganic particle”, “inorganic fiber”, “thermosetting resin”, “water-soluble polymer”, “heat-expandable particle” and “dispersion medium” means that the dispersion medium is not easily separated.

  A mold used for manufacturing the precursor is constituted by a main mold having a cavity having a shape corresponding to the target precursor, and a core material that forms a hollow if necessary. The molding die is provided with opening / closing means such as a gate. With the gate open, the precursor-producing composition is filled into the mold cavity. For example, high-pressure air can be used for filling. In this case, the air pressure is preferably about 0.1 to 3 MPa. In this way, a wet precursor is formed in the mold. Here, among the structures for manufacturing castings, those before the first heating step and before the second heating step are referred to as precursors.

  As another method of manufacturing the precursor, the wet papermaking method described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above can also be employed. In the wet papermaking method, a slurry of a precursor manufacturing composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resin, water-soluble polymer, thermally expandable particles and a dispersion medium is prepared, and the resulting slurry is molded. Supply to the mold for wet papermaking. In the paper making process, for example, a mold having a shape substantially corresponding to the outer shape of the precursor and a cavity that is open to the outside is formed inside by matching a pair of split molds. Use. Each split mold is provided with a large number of communication holes for communicating the outside and the cavity, and the inner surface of each split mold is covered with a net having a mesh of a predetermined size. Then, a predetermined amount of the raw material slurry is injected into the cavity of the mold using a pressure feed pump or the like. At the same time, the dispersion medium is sucked and discharged out of the mold through the communication hole, and the solid content of the slurry is deposited on the net. The pressure for the pressure injection of the slurry is preferably 0.01 to 5 MPa, particularly preferably 0.01 to 3 MPa. When a predetermined amount of solid content has accumulated, the slurry injection is stopped, and then air is injected into the cavity to dehydrate the deposit until a predetermined moisture content is obtained. As a result, a wet precursor is formed in the mold.

  In the case of adopting any of the methods described above, the manufactured precursor is subjected to the first heating step, and the thermosetting resin contained in the precursor is cured. As the thermosetting resin is cured by heating, the shape retention of the target structure is enhanced, and the dry molding proceeds while the thermally expandable particles are expanded, so the transferability of the precursor to the mold is improved. It is possible to obtain a precursor for a casting manufacturing structure that is improved and has excellent surface smoothness.

  The heating in the first heating step may be performed in a state where the precursor is held in the mold, or may be performed after being taken out from the mold. As described above, since the precursor is obtained in a wet state, it is advantageous to subject it to the heating step in a state where the precursor is held in the mold in consideration of its handleability.

  The heating temperature in the first step is a temperature at which the thermosetting resin contained in the precursor can be cured. This temperature can be appropriately determined according to the type of thermosetting resin used. When the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin is expressed in Mc (° C.), the heating temperature in the first step is preferably Mc-50 ° C. to Mc + 70 ° C., particularly preferably Mc-50 ° C. to Mc + 50 ° C. The heating time can also be appropriately determined according to the type of thermosetting resin used. In general, the thermosetting resin can be sufficiently cured by maintaining the above temperature range for 1 to 180 minutes, particularly 5 to 60 minutes.

  In the present invention, the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin is a temperature obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) used for measurement of the curing reaction of the resin material. That is, the relationship between the amount of heat and temperature obtained in the process of heating a 10 mg sample at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min is plotted on a graph with the amount of heat on the vertical axis and the temperature on the horizontal axis. A convex curve (exothermic peak) is obtained. Of these upwardly convex curves, the temperature at which the maximum value is reached at the lowest temperature above the glass transition temperature is taken as the curing temperature. In addition, since a phenol resin is accompanied by water evaporation at the time of hardening, it is more desirable to obtain | require by high pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC).

  In the case where the precursor prepared in the first step is manufactured by any of the above-described methods, the blending ratio (% by mass) of each component in the precursor manufacturing composition is inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, and thermosetting. The total solid mass of the resin, water-soluble polymer and thermally expandable particles is preferably as follows. As for the inorganic particles, 40 to 90% by mass, particularly 60 to 85% by mass, the shape retention of the structure at the time of casting is good, and the surface property and releasability of the structure are good. This is preferable. About inorganic fiber, it is preferable that it is 1-20 mass%, especially 2-16 mass% from the point from which the moldability of a structure and the shape retainability of the structure at the time of casting become favorable. About a thermosetting resin, it is 1-30 mass%, especially 2-25 mass% from the point from which the moldability and surface smoothness of a structure, and the shape retainability of the structure after casting become favorable. preferable. Regarding the water-soluble polymer, the dispersion medium in the molding raw material is 0.1 to 10% by mass, particularly 0.5 to 7% by mass when the composition for precursor production is filled in the molding die. Filling is possible with good fluidity without separation, and the resulting structure has good air permeability, which is preferable. The heat-expandable particles are preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, particularly 0.1 to 5% by mass from the viewpoint that the transferability of the precursor from the mold and the smoothness of the surface are improved.

  The inorganic particles contained in the precursor production composition are used to improve the heat resistance of the target casting production structure. As the inorganic particles, for example, graphite, obsidian, mica, mullite, silica, magnesia, talc and the like are used. Of these, graphite is preferably used from the viewpoint of seizure resistance. In general, graphite is classified into those that are naturally produced such as scaly graphite and earthy graphite, and artificial graphite that is artificially produced from petroleum coke, carbon black, pitch, or the like. In addition, scaly graphite is characterized by a flake shape. From the viewpoint of improving the air permeability of the structure for casting production and efficiently releasing the gas generated during casting to the outside, earthy graphite and artificial graphite rather than scaly graphite that is easy to laminate in a flat shape It is preferable to use at least one selected from Furthermore, it is more preferable to use artificial graphite from the viewpoint of stable quality and easy control of the air permeability of the structure for producing castings. These inorganic particles may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is preferably 80 μm or more, and more preferably 100 μm or more, from the viewpoint of improving the air permeability of the structure for casting production. Further, the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is preferably 3000 μm or less, more preferably 2500 μm or less, from the viewpoint that the structure for casting production has sufficient hot strength even when cast. From this viewpoint, the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is preferably 80 to 3000 μm, and more preferably 100 to 2500 μm.

  The average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is measured by the following first measurement method. When the total particle weight on the sieve surface having a nominal size of 425 μm or more exceeds 10% of the total sample mass, the first measurement method is used. The average particle size is calculated. Otherwise, it can be determined by measuring with the following second measurement method.

<First measurement method>
Measured based on the method specified in JIS Z2601 (1993) “Testing Method of Foundry Sand” Annex 2, and the average particle size was defined as 50% cumulative weight. The weight accumulation was calculated by regarding the particles on each sieve surface as “average diameter Dn (mm)” shown in Table 2 of JIS Z2601 (1993).

<Second measurement method>
It is an average particle diameter of 50% of volume accumulation measured using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring apparatus (LA-920 manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho). The analysis conditions are as follows.
・ Measurement method: Flow method ・ Refractive index: Varies depending on inorganic particles (Refer to the manual attached to LA-920)
・ Dispersion medium: Ion exchange water + 0.1% by mass of sodium hexametaphosphate ・ Dispersion method: Stirring, built-in ultrasonic wave 3 minutes ・ Sample concentration: 2 mg / 100cc

  Inorganic fibers mainly form a skeleton of a structure for producing castings. The inorganic fiber maintains its shape without being burned by the heat of the molten metal during casting, for example. Examples of the inorganic fiber include carbon fiber, artificial mineral fiber such as rock wool, ceramic fiber, and natural mineral fiber. One or two or more inorganic fibers can be selected and used. Among these inorganic fibers, it is preferable to use carbon fibers that are fibers having high strength even at high temperatures from the viewpoint of effectively suppressing shrinkage associated with carbonization of the thermosetting resin. As the carbon fibers, pitch-based and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) -based carbon fibers are more preferable, and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) -based carbon fibers are more preferable. The inorganic fibers preferably have an average fiber length of 0.5 to 15 mm, particularly 1 to 8 mm, from the viewpoint of moldability and uniformity of the structure for producing castings.

  The thermosetting resin maintains the normal temperature strength and hot strength of the casting manufacturing structure, improves the surface properties of the casting manufacturing structure, and uses the casting manufacturing structure as a mold. Used to improve surface roughness. Examples of the thermosetting resin include a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, and a furan resin. Among these, in particular, the amount of cracked gas generated from the thermosetting resin during casting is small, has a combustion suppressing effect, has a high residual carbon ratio after pyrolysis (carbonization) (for example, 25% or more), and is used for casting production. In the case where the structure is used as a mold, it is preferable to use a phenol resin because a carbonized film can be formed to obtain a good casting surface. As the phenol resin, both a novolak phenol resin that requires a curing agent and a resole phenol resin that does not require a curing agent are used. One or two or more thermosetting resins can be selected and used.

  Among phenolic resins, when resole phenolic resin is used alone or in combination, it does not require curing agents such as acids and amines, can reduce odor when forming a casting production structure, and uses a casting production structure as a mold. In this case, casting defects can be reduced, which is more preferable. As the resole phenol resin, for example, commercially available products such as trade name KL4000 manufactured by Asahi Organic Materials Co., Ltd. and Belpearl (registered trademark) S-890 manufactured by Air Water Co., Ltd. can be used.

  The water-soluble polymer is used for improving the moldability of the structure for producing castings. The water-soluble polymer is considered to suppress separation from the dispersion medium by forming a matrix of polymer molecular chains in the composition. Moreover, it is thought that it contributes to the improvement of the moldability of the structure for casting production by suppressing the aggregation of solids in the composition, ensuring the fluidity of the composition. In the present invention, the water-soluble polymer means a polymer compound that adsorbs or absorbs water under normal use conditions (for example, 25 ° C.). For example, it is preferable to use a water-soluble polymer that dissolves 1.0 mass% or more in pure water at 25 ° C. Examples of water-soluble polymers include thickening polysaccharides, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol. Of these water-soluble polymers, it is preferable to use thickening polysaccharides from the viewpoint of improving moldability. A thickening polysaccharide is a polysaccharide that exhibits thickening in an aqueous system. For example, gum agents such as xanthan gum, tamarind gum, gellan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as “CMC”), cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, carrageenan, pullulan, pectin, alginic acid, agar, etc. Can be mentioned. Among these polysaccharides, it is preferable to use a non-natural product such as a cellulose derivative such as CMC or a chemically modified product, rather than a natural product such as agar. This is because the performance is exhibited even when the amount of the water-soluble polymer in the precursor production composition is small. The weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 10,000 to 3,000,000, more preferably 20,000 to 1,000,000.

  The heat-expandable particles are used for improving the moldability of the structure for producing castings, similarly to the water-soluble polymer described above. As the heat-expandable particles, it is preferable to use microcapsules in which an expansion agent that expands by vaporization is encapsulated in the shell wall of a thermoplastic resin. When the microcapsule is heated at, for example, 80 to 200 ° C., it is preferable that the diameter expands 3 to 5 times and the volume 50 to 100 times. The average particle diameter of the thermally expandable particles before expansion is preferably 5 to 80 μm, more preferably 20 to 50 μm. When the expansion of the heat-expandable particles is within the range, the effect of addition can be sufficiently obtained while suppressing adverse effects on the molding accuracy due to expansion.

  Examples of the thermoplastic resin constituting the shell wall of the microcapsule include polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or combinations thereof. It is done. Among these, from the viewpoint of obtaining an appropriate expansion start temperature and a high expansion coefficient, it is preferable that the shell wall is composed of a polymer made of acrylonitrile or vinylidene chloride or a copolymer containing one or more of them. Examples of the expanding agent included in the shell wall include low-boiling organic solvents such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, isobutane, and petroleum ether.

  Examples of the dispersion medium used together with the above-described components and constituting the precursor production composition include water, a solvent such as ethanol and methanol, or an aqueous dispersion medium such as a mixed system thereof. It is particularly preferable to use water from the viewpoint of the stability of the quality of the molded article, the economical efficiency, the ease of handling, and the like. When the precursor production composition is dough-like, the amount of the dispersion medium in the precursor production composition is the solid content of inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resin, water-soluble polymer, and thermally expandable particles. Preferably it is 10-300 mass% with respect to a fraction total mass, More preferably, it is 50-250 mass%, More preferably, it is 100-200 mass%. By setting it as this range, the composition for precursor manufacture can be prepared so that it may be in the state where an inorganic particle or inorganic fiber, and a dispersion medium do not separate easily. When the composition for precursor production is in the state of a slurry for wet papermaking, the amount of the dispersion medium in the composition for precursor production is inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, thermosetting resin, water-soluble with respect to the mass of the dispersion medium. It is preferable that the total solid mass of the conductive polymer and the heat-expandable particles is 0.1 to 3% by mass, particularly 0.5 to 2% by mass.

  The precursor obtained by curing the thermosetting resin in the first heating step is then subjected to the second heating step. The second heating process may be performed as a continuous process following the first heating process. That is, after the first heating step, the second heating step may be performed by further raising the temperature of the mold. Alternatively, after the completion of the first heating step, the precursor may be once cooled to room temperature and then heated again. In the former case, it is preferable to subject the precursor to the second heating step in a state where the precursor is held in the mold. In the latter case, the precursor may be subjected to the second heating step with the precursor held in the mold, or the precursor may be taken out of the mold and subjected to the second heating step. May be.

  The second heating step is performed at a temperature higher than the heating temperature of the first heating step. Preferably, it is performed at a temperature that is 40 ° C. or more higher than the heating temperature of the first heating step, more preferably 70 ° C. or more, and even more preferably 80 ° C. or more. By performing the second heating step, gas resulting from thermal decomposition of the water-soluble polymer and the thermally expandable particles is released out of the mold, so when casting a casting using the mold manufacturing structure, Since it is difficult to generate gas from these substances or even if gas is generated, the generation time can be delayed, so that the disturbance of casting due to the generation of gas is effectively prevented and stable casting is performed. be able to. Moreover, since the curing of the thermosetting resin further proceeds, the shape retention of the target structure for producing a casting is increased.

  From the above viewpoint, the heating in the second heating step may be performed at a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin in the precursor and at or above the thermal decomposition temperature of the water-soluble polymer and the thermally expandable particles. preferable. The thermal decomposition temperature of water-soluble polymers and thermally expandable particles means that when these substances are thermogravimetrically measured (TG) under normal pressure, the slope of weight change greatly changes above the water evaporation temperature. It is the temperature to perform. For example, the temperature at which the water evaporation temperature is 100 ° C. or higher and the rate of weight change when the temperature difference is 40 ° C. is 1% or higher can be set as the thermal decomposition temperature.

  The heating temperature and time in the second heating step are related to the amount of gas generated from the resulting casting production structure and the strength of the structure. When the heating temperature is high or the heating time is long, the amount of gas generated from the casting production structure can be reduced, but on the other hand, the strength of the structure tends to be reduced. The decrease in strength of the structure negatively affects the casting operation. From this point of view, the heating in the second heating step is preferably performed at a heating temperature and / or a heating time at which the bending strength of the resulting casting manufacturing structure is 1 MPa or more.

  From the above viewpoint, the upper limit of the temperature in the second heating step is Md + 180 ° C. when the higher thermal decomposition temperature of the water-soluble polymer and the thermally expandable particles is expressed in Md (° C.). In the following, it is particularly preferable to set Md + 150 ° C. or lower. Although the heating time depends on the type of thermosetting resin, water-soluble polymer and thermally expandable particles, the above temperature range is generally maintained for 1 to 60 minutes, particularly 1 to 30 minutes, especially 2 to 10 minutes. It is preferable.

  In this way, a target casting production structure is obtained. Since this structure was obtained through two heating steps as described above, the shape-retaining property is high due to the curing of the thermosetting resin contained therein, and the amount of gas generated during casting is low. It is highly probable. If the precursor is heated to the temperature of the second heating step by one heating, the expansion of the heat-expandable particles is hindered and adversely affects the molding accuracy. Furthermore, since the dispersion medium is rapidly dried, there is a disadvantage that the fluidity of the composition for producing a precursor is lowered and the moldability is lowered. On the other hand, according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment which performs two heating processes, there is no such inconvenience.

Regarding the air permeability of the casting production structure produced according to the present embodiment, the air permeability measured by the method described below is preferably 1 to 500 liters / (cm ² · min), more preferably ^{2 to} 500 liters / minute. It becomes a high value of (cm ² · min). Therefore, the structure for manufacturing a casting manufactured according to the present embodiment exhibits a remarkable effect particularly in reducing gas defects generated under severe conditions such as molding a casting having a complicated shape.

  The mass water content before use of the structure for producing castings (before being used for casting) is preferably 5% by mass or less, and more preferably 2% by mass or less. The lower the moisture content, the lower the amount of gas generated due to the water vapor during casting, and the reduction of gas defects.

  Trimming, chemical application, etc. can be performed on the casting production structure thus obtained, as necessary. The blending ratio (mass ratio) of the inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, and thermosetting resin in this structure is inorganic particles / inorganic fibers / thermosetting resin = 40 to 90/1 to 20/1 to 30 (mass ratio). Is preferable, 50 to 85/2 to 16/2 to 25 (mass ratio) is more preferable, and 50 to 85/2 to 16/2 to 20 (mass ratio) is still more preferable. Moreover, 0.2-5 mm is preferable and, as for the thickness of a structure, 0.7-1.5 mm is more preferable. When the thickness is within this range, the strength of the structure can be sufficiently secured and the generation of gas during casting can be suppressed while suppressing the influence of the expansion of the thermally expandable particles on the moldability.

  The obtained structure for producing castings is applied to a main mold having a casting product-shaped cavity on the inner surface, a pouring member such as a core used in the main mold, a runner, a filter holder, and the like. Can do. In particular, it is preferable to use the casting production structure obtained in the present embodiment as a main mold or a core because a casting with a good casting surface can be obtained. In particular, the casting production structure obtained in the present embodiment is excellent in the gas defect reduction effect of the casting, and therefore is preferably applied to a core that is covered with a molten metal during casting and easily generates gas defects. Application to a hollow core is more preferable.

  When the casting manufacturing structure obtained in the present embodiment is used as a main mold, for example, the structure may be formed by embedding the structure in a predetermined position in the casting sand. As the foundry sand, those conventionally used for the production of this type of casting can be used without particular limitation. Then, the molten metal is poured from the pouring gate and cast. At this time, the structure for casting production obtained in the present embodiment has a reduced gas generation amount, the generation time of the gas is delayed, and the gas permeability of the casting is higher because it is highly breathable. Is reduced. In addition, since the structure is maintained in hot strength and heat shrinkage due to thermal decomposition is small, cracks in the structure and damage to the structure itself are suppressed, and molten metal can be inserted into the structure. Adhesion of foundry sand is less likely to occur.

  After the casting is completed, the casting is cooled to a predetermined temperature, the casting frame is disassembled to remove the casting sand, and the casting manufacturing structure is removed by blasting to expose the casting. At this time, since the thermosetting resin is thermally decomposed, the removal process of the casting manufacturing structure is easy. Thereafter, post-processing such as trimming is performed on the casting as necessary to complete the manufacturing of the casting.

  A more preferable method for producing a casting is an embodiment in which the structure for producing a casting obtained in the present embodiment is used as a hollow core. In this case, the hollow core is disposed in the mold so that at least one of the openings of the hollow core is open to the outside of the mold, and then molten metal is poured into the mold. Specifically, the hollow core is arranged in the main mold, and if necessary, the hollow core is supported by kelen, arranged so that at least one of the openings of the hollow core is opened outside the mold, and then the mold A method for producing a casting by pouring molten metal into the inside is mentioned. As a method for disposing at least one of the openings of the hollow core so as to open to the outside of the mold, a method of providing an opening in the main mold so as to communicate with the hollow portion of the hollow core may be employed.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to such examples. Unless otherwise specified, “%” means “mass%”.

[Example 1]
(1) Preparation of precursor production composition A dough-like precursor production composition having the composition shown in Table 1 below was prepared. In addition, the curing temperature (Mc) of the phenol resin described in the same table was 200 ° C.

(2) Manufacture of a structure for casting production The composition for precursor production is applied to a mold having a cavity corresponding to the hollow rod-shaped product shown in FIG. And the precursor was molded. The mold was heated to 200 ° C. (first heating step). By this heating, the phenol resin was cured while releasing the vapor derived from the dispersion medium contained in the precursor and the gas derived from the phenol resin out of the mold. The drying time was 2 minutes. Next, the obtained precursor was placed in a hot-air heating furnace set at 360 ° C. for 3 minutes, and the phenol resin was further cured while releasing gas derived from CMC and thermally expandable particles out of the mold (second). Heating step). In this way, a target casting production structure was obtained.

[Examples 2 to 7]
As a condition of the second heating step, a casting manufacturing structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions shown in Table 2 below were adopted.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, the structure for casting production was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the first heating step was set to 200 ° C. and the second heating step was not performed.

[Comparative Examples 2 and 3]
As a condition of the second heating step, a casting manufacturing structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions shown in Table 2 below were adopted.

[Evaluation]
The structural bodies obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 1 were measured for bending strength and air permeability by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 2. Moreover, about the structure obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the gas generation amount and the gas generation speed were measured by the following methods. The result is shown in FIG.

[Bending strength]
Bending strength refers to the maximum bending stress. A three-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine (Tensilon) manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd., and the bending strength was measured. That is, the casting manufacturing structure is installed on the three-point bending test jig attached to the universal testing machine with the distance between the fulcrums set to 50 mm, and concentrated on the casting structure using an indenter from the top in the center between the fulcrums. The maximum load when the load was applied was measured, and the maximum bending stress was calculated from the following formula 1. The load speed was constant at 25 mm / min.
Maximum bending stress [MPa] = Maximum moment applied to the measurement sample [N · mm] / Section modulus of the measurement sample [mm ³ ] (1)

[Air permeability]
“5. Standard test method for disappearance model coating agent” (March 1996, Kansai Branch, Japan Foundry Engineering Society) defined based on JIS Z2601 (1993) “Testing method of foundry sand”. According to the method of measuring the air permeability, the air permeability was measured using a device having the same principle as the air permeability measuring device (compressor air ventilation method) described in the publication (FIG. 5-2 on page 24). The air permeability P is expressed by “P = (V × h) / (p × a × t)”. In the formula, V is the amount of air passing (cm ³ ), h is the thickness of the test piece (cm), P is the air pressure (cmH ₂ O), a is the cross-sectional area of the test piece (cm ² ), and t is required for V to pass. Time (min). The thickness of the test piece was the thickness of the structure for casting production, that is, “(outer diameter−hollow part diameter) / 2”, and the cross-sectional area of the test piece was “hollow part diameter × circumferential ratio × length”. At the time of measurement, as shown in FIG. 3, a rubber tube and a connecting jig (packing) were attached to the air permeability tester so that the hollow part of the casting manufacturing structure could be connected without leakage. Further, the measurement was carried out by connecting the above-mentioned connecting jig without gaps to one end of the hollow part of the structure for producing castings and closing the other end with packing or the like to prevent air leakage.

[Gas generation amount and gas generation speed]
HARRY W. DIETTER CO. It measured using the gas pressure measuring device made from a product (equipment name: No.682 GAS PRESURE TESTER). That is, the furnace temperature was raised to 1000 ° C. in advance and stabilized, and a mass of 0.100 g was taken from an arbitrary part of the casting manufacturing structure to obtain a measurement sample, and the measurement sample was used for the gas pressure measuring device. It installed in the predetermined location and measured the generation amount and gas generation rate of the gas which generate | occur | produce from the structure for casting manufacture according to the instruction manual of the said gas pressure measuring device. Note that Chromatopack C-R4A manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used for data processing of the gas generation amount and gas generation rate.

  As is apparent from the results shown in Table 2, the structures for producing castings obtained in the respective examples have a bending strength of 1 MPa or more that does not easily collapse, and the air permeability is that of Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the value is larger (the air permeability is higher) than the obtained structure for producing castings. Further, as is apparent from the results shown in FIG. 2, the structure for producing castings obtained in Example 1 has less gas generation than the structure for producing castings obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the gas It can be seen that the generation rate is slow.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a hollow bar-shaped casting corresponding to the casting manufacturing structure manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the measurement results of the gas generation rate and gas generation rate of the casting production structures obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an apparatus for measuring the air permeability of the structure for producing castings obtained in each of Examples and Comparative Examples.

Claims (4)

Heating a precursor of a structure for manufacturing a casting manufactured using a composition containing inorganic particles, inorganic fibers, a thermosetting resin, a water-soluble polymer and thermally expandable particles, A first step of curing the thermosetting resin;
A method for producing a casting manufacturing structure, comprising: a second step of heating the precursor after being subjected to the first step at a temperature higher than the heating temperature of the first step ;
A structure for casting production in which the heating in the second step is performed at a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin in the precursor and at or above the thermal decomposition temperature of the water-soluble polymer and the thermally expandable particles. Body manufacturing method. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the heating in the second step is performed at a heating temperature and / or a heating time at which a bending strength of the resulting structure for producing a casting is 1 MPa or more. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the heating time in the second step is 1 to 60 minutes. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the water-soluble polymer is a thickening polysaccharide.

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