JP5348597B1 - ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC ENGINE, ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC ENGINE DRIVE POWER GENERATING DEVICE, AND ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATION - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized, lightweight, high-performance, low-cost electrohydraulic engine, electrohydrodynamic engine driving power generation apparatus, and electrohydrodynamic engine driving power generation apparatus by enabling use of a small capacity power storage device. .
In an electro-hydraulic engine 12, a high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is continuously supplied to a supercritical fluid generator 42 via a rotary pressurizing pump 44, and alternately from a power storage device 22, 23 to a pulse power source 28. In the supercritical fluid generator, the supercritical fluid generator continuously generates supercritical fluid from the high-pressure liquid phase working fluid by generating arc discharge in a wide area in response to the periodic pulse current. The fluid is explosively expanded by the rotary fluid machine 40 and converted into mechanical energy, and a part of the electrical energy obtained by driving the generator 16 with a part of the mechanical energy is alternately and rapidly charged in the power storage device. Thus, it is possible to provide an electrohydrodynamic engine, an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device, and an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generator.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid pressure engine, a fluid pressure engine drive power generation device, and a fluid pressure engine drive power generation device, and more particularly to an electrofluid pressure engine, an electrohydraulic engine drive power generation device, and an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device.

  In recent years, accumulator engines that use the pressure energy of accumulators and hydraulic power transmission devices with high energy conversion efficiency that use accumulators have been proposed as effective measures to prevent global warming.

  In Patent Document 1, gas pressure vessels are connected to two hydraulic pressure vessels, respectively, and exhaust gas heat energy of the internal combustion engine is used to increase the gas pressure to compensate for a sharp drop in the hydraulic pressure energy of the hydraulic vessel. Such an accumulator engine has been proposed.

  In Patent Document 2, a low-pressure accumulator and a high-pressure accumulator are prepared, a pump motor is driven by an internal combustion engine, low-pressure liquid is sucked and pressurized from the low-pressure accumulator, and the high-pressure liquid is stored in the high-pressure accumulator. There has been proposed a hydraulic power transmission device that generates power by operating a pump motor.

US Pat. No. 5,579,640 US Pat. No. 6,719,080 (Japanese Patent No. 4633087)

  By the way, in the accumulator engine disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of pump motors drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine, and a plurality of hydraulic pressure storage containers respectively connected to the plurality of pump motors via a plurality of three-way switching valves A plurality of gas containers respectively connected to the plurality of hydraulic pressure storage containers, and a plurality of pump motors are driven by the operation of the internal combustion engine to suck and pressurize the hydraulic fluid from the liquid storage containers to It is configured to store in a plurality of hydraulic storage containers. In this configuration, since a large number of hydraulic pressure related parts are required, the structure of the engine itself becomes larger and more complicated, and the production cost increases. In addition, when the hydraulic fluid is taken out from the plurality of hydraulic storage containers, the pressure in the hydraulic storage container is abruptly reduced and the pressure energy is reduced. As a result, a sufficient output torque could not be obtained for a long time with the accumulator engine. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, a plurality of heat exchange coils and a plurality of valve means are provided in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, and the plurality of gas pressure vessels are heated by exhaust heat energy to increase the gas pressure. Compensates for sudden pressure drop in pressure storage container. However, when automobiles such as passenger cars, trucks, and buses are driven in urban areas, low-speed driving is frequently performed and the engine output is low. For this reason, in city driving, the exhaust temperature is rarely maintained at a high temperature continuously. Therefore, even if the sudden decrease in gas pressure is compensated by the above-described exhaust heat energy, it is insufficient to cover the decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator, and the cruising distance of the vehicle cannot be improved. In addition, since this type of accumulator engine employs an internal combustion engine, it is inevitably difficult to suppress emission of harmful exhaust gas components.

  In the hydraulic power transmission device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the pump motor is driven by the internal combustion engine to pressurize the liquid. However, in order to generate power with the liquid, the internal combustion engine must be operated continuously. In other words, harmful exhaust gas is continuously released, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of global environment and air pollution countermeasures. In addition, it is essential to employ a hydraulic control circuit having a complicated structure in which a plurality of sub-circuits having a large number of hydraulic pressure switching parts and a large number of high-pressure lines and low-pressure lines are arranged. As a result, the flow loss of hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic control circuit with a complicated structure is increased, the response is poor, the power generation mechanism is inevitably large, and the fluid pressure / mechanical energy conversion mechanism friendly to the global environment It was difficult to put it into practical use.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and is an environment-friendly electrohydraulic engine and electrohydraulic pressure that have a simple structure, high responsiveness, small size, high performance, and low-cost production. It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine drive power generation device and an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device.

According to this invention, the electrohydraulic engine sucks and pressurizes the liquid-phase working fluid to supply the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid, the pulse power source that supplies a pulse current of a predetermined cycle, and the pulse A supercritical fluid generator for generating a supercritical fluid from the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid, comprising a wide-area arc discharge generating means for generating arc discharge in a wide range in response to an electric current; and expanding the supercritical fluid A rotary fluid machine that converts the mechanical energy and drives the rotary pressurization pump with a part of the mechanical energy; a generator that is driven by a part of the mechanical energy and outputs generated power; and A storage system that stores a part of the electricity and supplies power to the pulse power source, an accumulator that stores the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid, and a rotary pressurization pump And the accumulator flow passage of the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid wherein a switching control valve for switching the at least one supercritical fluid generator, said supercritical fluid generator, a reactor casing and, formed in the reactor casing An arc discharge chamber having a saturated steam generation zone, a superheated steam generation zone, and a supercritical fluid generation zone, and a plurality of arc discharge chambers connected to the pulse power source and generating arc discharge in the arc discharge generation chamber Functions as the wide-area arc discharge generating means for generating the arc discharge in a wide area interposed between the arc electrode and the saturated steam generation zone, the superheated steam generation zone, and the supercritical fluid generation zone between the arc electrodes And a large number of arc discharge bodies .

According to this configuration, in the electrohydrodynamic engine, the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is continuously supplied to the supercritical fluid generator via the rotary pressurizing pump. On the other hand, electric power is continuously supplied from the power storage system to the pulse power source. As a result, electric power is supplied from the power storage system to the pulse power source for a long time, and pulse current is continuously supplied from the pulse power source to the supercritical fluid generator. Therefore, in the supercritical fluid generator, it is possible to generate arc discharge in response to the pulse current over a long period of time and continuously generate the supercritical fluid from the high-pressure liquid phase working fluid. This supercritical fluid is explosively expanded by a rotary fluid machine and converted into mechanical energy. The generator is driven by a part of the mechanical energy, and a part of the generated power is supplied to the charger as charging power. To do. As a result, a small-capacity power storage device can be used, and a small, high-performance clean electrohydraulic engine can be put into practical use. As an example of the working fluid, a conductive aqueous solution adjusted to have a predetermined electric resistance by adding a small amount of lithium nitrate to pure water is used. A conductive aqueous solution is introduced into a supercritical fluid generator to generate supercritical water. Supercritical water is heated from atmospheric pressure and reaches a supercritical pressure of 400 bar when it reaches a supercritical temperature of 673 K (about 400 ° C.). In the supercritical fluid generator, the supercritical temperature is 1073 K (about 800 ° C.) or higher, so the supercritical pressure is extremely high. Furthermore, since the ultra-high pressure conductive aqueous solution is continuously introduced into the supercritical fluid generator by the rotary pressure pump, if supercritical water is generated at a supercritical temperature of 1073 K (about 800 ° C.) or more, the pressure is further increased. High supercritical pressure. At this time, while the supercritical water is supplied to the rotary fluid machine, the supercritical fluid generator is continuously supplied with the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution, while arc discharge is generated by the periodic pulse current. Thus, supercritical water is continuously generated. Accordingly, during the entire expansion stroke of the rotary fluid machine, supercritical water is continuously supplied to the rotary fluid machine while maintaining an extremely high supercritical pressure. The high pressure liquid phase working fluid discharged from the rotary pressurization pump is stored in the accumulator, and the supercritical fluid generator can be supplied with the high pressure liquid phase working fluid from the accumulator and the rotary pressurization pump. Therefore, as the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid flows into the supercritical fluid generator from the accumulator, even if the accumulator pressure drops below the predetermined value, the high pressure from the rotary pressure pump to the supercritical fluid generator Liquid phase working fluid is continuously supplied. Therefore, the electrohydrodynamic engine can continue to operate even when the accumulator pressure drops to a pressure equal to or lower than a predetermined value. As a result, the net average effective pressure acting on the rotary piston body during each expansion cycle is maintained at a very high pressure. Furthermore, the arc discharge bodies are in point contact with each other, and there are a large number of arc discharge spaces between them, and a high-density arc discharge is easily generated in these many arc discharge spaces. The reliability of the occurrence of drastic improvement. The high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid continuously supplied to the supercritical fluid generator becomes saturated steam instantaneously due to Joule heat generated by energization in the saturated steam generation zone, and superheated steam is instantaneously generated in the superheated steam generation zone. This superheated steam comes into contact with the arc discharge generated in a wide area in the supercritical fluid generation zone and instantly becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical fluid. Therefore, it is possible to provide an electrohydrodynamic engine with a simple structure, low production cost, and high reliability.

  Preferably, the rotary fluid machine functions in a motor mode in response to the first rotary machine unit for expanding the supercritical fluid and the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid supplied from the accumulator, while the rotary pressurization is performed. A pump that sucks and pressurizes the liquid phase working fluid from the low pressure storage container and supplies the high pressure liquid phase working fluid to the supercritical fluid generator while the high pressure liquid phase working fluid is supplied from the pump to the accumulator. A second rotating machine unit that functions in the mode. Further, the apparatus includes a cooler that cools and liquefies the expansion fluid discharged from the second rotating machine unit and collects the liquid-phase working fluid in the low-pressure storage container.

  According to this configuration, firstly, it is possible to greatly reduce the number of parts and reduce the cost, and to reduce the size and weight of the electrohydrodynamic engine. Second, the second rotating machine unit can directly suck and pressurize the liquid phase working fluid from the low pressure storage container to generate the high pressure liquid phase working fluid and pump it to the supercritical fluid generator. Therefore, the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is continuously supplied to the supercritical fluid generator by the second rotating machine unit even during the period when the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is supplied from the rotary pressurization pump to the accumulator. Can do. Further, since the expansion fluid discharged from the second rotating machine unit is cooled and liquefied by the cooler and collected as the liquid phase working fluid and circulated, the consumption of the liquid phase working fluid is suppressed. As described above, in the electrohydrodynamic engine, the supercritical fluid is continuously supplied to the rotary fluid machine and the mechanical energy can be continuously output.

  Preferably, the supercritical fluid generator includes a reactor casing, an arc discharge generation chamber formed in the reactor casing and having a saturated steam generation zone, a superheated steam generation zone, and a supercritical fluid generation zone, A plurality of arc electrodes connected to a pulse power source and generating arc discharge in the arc discharge generation chamber, and interposed between the arc electrodes in the saturated steam generation zone, the superheated steam generation zone, and the supercritical fluid generation zone And a large number of arc discharge spheres functioning as the wide area arc discharge generating means for generating the arc discharge in a wide area.

1 is a block diagram of an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device and an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generator incorporating an electrohydrodynamic engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 shows a schematic overview of the main body portion of the electrohydrodynamic engine shown in FIG. 1. Fig. 3 shows a III-III cross-sectional view of the supercritical fluid generator of Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a basic execution method for charging the first and second power storage devices in an alternating charge cycle.

  Hereinafter, an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device and an electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generator incorporating an electrohydrodynamic engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, an electrohydraulic engine driving power generation apparatus and electrohydraulic engine driving power generator incorporating an electrohydrodynamic engine according to an embodiment of the present invention have a structure in which a generator is directly driven by the electrohydrodynamic engine. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. The electrohydrodynamic engine driving power generation apparatus and electrohydrodynamic engine driving power generation apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention have wide application examples as well as stationary and movable power generation plants. That is, the electric power generated by a generator driven by an electrohydrodynamic engine is controlled to a predetermined frequency and a predetermined voltage by a known inverter or the like, and the motor is driven to move a moving body such as an electric locomotive, an electric vehicle, an aircraft, and a ship. It may be used to generate a propulsive force. On the other hand, the output shaft of the electrohydraulic engine may be directly connected to the propeller shaft, and propulsion means such as drive wheels or propellers of various moving bodies may be driven via an output device such as a transmission. Since the electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device and electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention have the same structure, the electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation device will be described below as a representative.

  The electrohydrodynamic engine drive power generation apparatus 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 uses supercritical pressure energy (hereinafter defined as “electrohydrodynamic pressure”) generated electrically using arc discharge as a power machine. The electrohydrodynamic engine 12 that converts energy, the clutch 14 that selectively cuts off or fastens the mechanical energy for power of the electrohydraulic engine 12, and a part of the mechanical energy for power obtained by the electrohydrodynamic engine 12 A generator 16 to be driven and a power measuring instrument 17 connected to the power line PL of the generator 16 to measure power consumption of the generator 16 are provided, and a load 18 such as an electric device is connected to the power line PL. The The power line PL is provided with a voltage sensor Tr1 and a current sensor CT1 for detecting voltage and current, respectively, and the power meter 17 measures the power consumption of the generator 16 based on these voltage detection value and current detection value. .

  A power storage system 20 is connected to the power line PL via a circuit breaker 19 composed of a relay or the like. The power storage system 20 includes a charger 21 connected to the power line PL via the circuit breaker 19, a first power storage device 22, a second power storage device 23, and first and second power storage devices 22, 23. 21 and a second switching controller 26 that alternately connects the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 to the pulse power supply 28. Voltage sensors Vs1, Vs2 and current sensors Cs1, Cs2 for detecting voltage and current are connected to the first and second power storage devices 22, 23, respectively. The voltage detection values V1, V2 and current detection values I1, I2 of the voltage sensors Vs1, Vs2 and current sensors Cs1, Cs2 are output to the controller 60, and the remaining storage capacities of the first and second power storage devices 22, 23 ( (SOC value: State of Charge) is calculated and used to output the command signals CS5, CS6, CS7 of the circuit breaker 19 and the first and second switching controllers 24, 26 based on the respective SOC values.

  The controller 60 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes predetermined arithmetic processing, a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores a predetermined control program, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that temporarily stores data. For example, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) is used.

  The first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 are preferably a commercially available rapid charge / discharge storage battery (Furukawa Battery: trade name “Ultra Battery”), large-capacity electric double layer capacitor that can be used for pulse charge / discharge cycle applications. A supercapacitor (manufactured by Tokin) or an ultracapacitor module (manufactured by “Maxwell Technologies”, USA) is used. The other storage battery is composed of a lithium ion battery or a Ni-MH battery (nickel-hydrogen battery) combined with a large capacity electric double layer capacitor. A smoothing and charging ultracapacitor 29 is connected between the output lines of the first power storage device 22. Output power is alternately supplied from the first power storage device 22 and the second power storage device 23 to the pulse power supply 28 as described later.

  In the electrohydraulic engine 12, the rotary fluid machine 40 includes a first rotary machine unit 40A that functions as an expander that explosively expands a supercritical fluid and generates mechanical energy for power on the output shaft 40C, and a motor mode. And a second rotating machine unit 40B that functions in the pump mode. The electro-hydraulic engine 12 is further connected to the output shaft 40C and driven by a part of the mechanical energy generated in the output shaft 40C to suck and pressurize the low-pressure liquid phase working fluid from the low-pressure storage container 48. A rotary pressurizing pump 44 that generates a high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid, an accumulator 46 that stores the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid as pressure energy, and a low-pressure storage container 48 that functions as a reservoir and stores the low-pressure liquid-phase working fluid. Including. The accumulator 46 has the same structure as the accumulator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-218059 “Next Generation Power Storage System and Next Generation Power Storage Method” filed by the same inventor as the present inventor. This accumulator uses a mechanical spring and is preferably used because it has a longer life than a bladder type accumulator.

  The inlet d1 of the rotary pressurizing pump 44 is connected to the low pressure storage container 48, and the outlet d2 is connected to the accumulator 46 and the inlet a2 of the second rotating machine part of the rotary fluid machine 40 via the three-way switching control valve 50. Yes. The inlet a <b> 2 of the second rotating machine part is directly connected to the low-pressure storage container 48 through the check valve 52. The outlet b2 of the second rotating machine part of the rotary fluid machine 40 is connected to the inlet 1102 of the supercritical fluid generator 42 via a check valve 54. An electromagnetic switching control valve 56 for controlling the pressure of the supercritical fluid in the supercritical fluid generator 42 is connected to the outlet 1140 of the supercritical fluid generator 42. That is, the electromagnetic open / close control valve 56 periodically opens and closes, and is closed when the supercritical fluid is generated, and is opened when the supercritical fluid is released. The electromagnetic opening / closing control valve 56 is periodically released, and the supercritical fluid is supplied to the inlet a1 of the first rotating machine part of the rotary fluid machine 40, and explosively expands to generate mechanical energy. The expanded low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid is discharged from the outlet b1, cooled and liquefied by the cooler / condenser 58, and collected in the low-pressure storage container 48.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2, the supercritical fluid generator 42 includes a cylindrical reactor casing 1100 that is coaxially coupled to the rotary fluid machine 40. As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical reactor casing 1100 includes an insulating heat resistant layer 1116 made of ceramic or the like formed on the inner side of the cylindrical reactor casing 1100 and the radially outer side of the central inner peripheral portion 1114 of the casing 1100, and An arc discharge generation chamber 1118 formed inside the layer 1116 and having a saturated steam generation zone Z1, a superheated steam generation zone Z2, and a supercritical fluid generation zone Z3 is formed. A central inner peripheral portion 1114 of the cylindrical reactor casing 1100 includes an inner peripheral wall portion 1114 having a diameter for allowing passage through the output shaft of the rotary fluid machine 40.

  The suction port 1102 of the supercritical fluid generator 42 extends to the radial wall 1120, and the radial wall 1120 has a plurality of openings 1122 extending in the circumferential direction. A pair of arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 are arranged at corner portions 1118a and 1118b of the arc discharge generation chamber 1118, respectively. The pair of arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 are connected to the pulse power supply 28. The period of the pulse current may be set to a value such that the temperature of the arc discharge generation chamber 1118 is in the range of 650 ° C. to 800 ° C., for example. In that case, a temperature sensor (corresponding to the temperature sensor S2) 1132 is attached to the casing 1100, and the temperature signal T may be supplied to the controller 60 (see FIG. 1) and used for cycle control of the pulse current.

  The arc discharge generation chamber 1118 is filled with a large number of arc discharge spheres 1134 interposed between a pair of arc electrodes 1124 and 1126, and the gaps between these arc discharge spheres 1134 act as arc discharge spaces 1136. The arc discharge sphere 1134 generates high-density arc discharge in a wide area of the saturated steam generation zone Z1, the superheated steam generation zone Z2, and the supercritical fluid generation zone Z3. In the saturated steam generation zone Z1, a working fluid such as a conductive aqueous solution is energized, and saturated steam is instantaneously generated by Joule heat. In the superheated steam generation zone Z2, saturated steam is instantaneously converted into superheated steam in contact with arc discharge generated in a wide area. As it flows downstream of the arc discharge generation chamber 1118, the superheated steam is further heated to a high temperature and high pressure under the influence of the arc discharge to generate supercritical water in the supercritical fluid generation zone Z3. As the arc discharge sphere 1134, a commercially available tungsten ball or a carbon ball whose surface is coated with a conductive metal such as chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten is used. Arc discharge is likely to occur at the spherical portions of the arc discharge sphere 1134 that face each other adjacent to each other, and most frequently occurs when the arc discharge sphere 1134 has a diameter of about 5 mm to 30 mm. The arc discharge is generated more frequently when the base current of the pulse current always flows between the arc discharge spheres 1134 and the pulse voltage periodically changes between the high level and the low level. A demister portion 1106 is disposed adjacent to the arc discharge generation chamber 1118, and the demister portion 1106 is filled with a demister 1110 formed of a heat-resistant metal wire or the like. When the electromagnetic on-off valve 56 is opened at a predetermined cycle, the supercritical water Wg that has passed through the demister 1110 is filtered by the filter 1142 and then supplied from the outlet 1140 to the inlet a1 of the rotary fluid machine 40.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the pulse power supply 28 supplies a pulse current of a predetermined period (for example, 50 to 2000 hertz) to the supercritical fluid generator 42 from the supply power from the power storage system 20. The pulse current flows between the arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 and the arc discharge sphere 1134 in the peak current conduction period, and flows between the arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 and the arc discharge sphere 1134 in the off-peak current conduction period. It consists of a base current. The arc voltage is set between 20 and 120 volts, and the pulse current is designed to generate a peak current of 50 to 500 amperes and a base current having a current value approximately one tenth of the peak current. . By doing so, a base current flows between the arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 and the arc discharge sphere 1134 even during the off-peak current conduction period. Therefore, the arc discharge current flows continuously between the arc electrodes 1124 and 1126 and the arc discharge sphere 1134 without interruption. As a result, a stable arc discharge is generated in the supercritical fluid generator. The pulse power source 28 may be either a DC pulse power source or an AC pulse power source as long as it generates a pulse current composed of a peak current and a base current. As the direct current pulse power supply, for example, a circuit configuration used in a power supply apparatus for pulse arc welding as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2587343 may be adopted.

  The supercritical fluid generator 42 is equipped with a pressure sensor S1 and a temperature sensor S2, and a pressure signal indicating the pressure of the supercritical fluid detected from the pressure sensor S1 and the supercritical fluid detected from the temperature sensor S2. A temperature signal T indicating the temperature is sent to the controller 60. The accumulator 46 and the low-pressure storage container 48 are equipped with pressure sensors S3 and S4, respectively, which detect the pressures of the pressurized working fluid and the low-pressure working fluid stored in the accumulator 46 and the low-pressure storage container 48, respectively. Sent to. Further, a detection signal of the engine speed is output to the controller 60 from the rotation speed ship Rs disposed adjacent to the output shaft 40C. The input device 62 inputs a calendar signal and parameter setting signals such as the engine speed, temperature and pressure to the controller 60 as reference signals. In response to these input signals, the controller 60 outputs command signals CS1 to CS7.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a basic concept for alternately charging the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 in an alternating charge cycle. Here, it is assumed that the SOC lower limit value of first power storage device 22 and the SOC lower limit value of second power storage device 23 are equal. In FIG. 4, it is assumed that the operation of the electrohydraulic engine 12 is started from the state where the first power storage device 22 is charged to the maximum upper limit value HL in the fully charged state by the charger 21.

  Referring to FIG. 4, line S <b> 1 shows a temporal change in the SOC of first power storage device 22. A line S <b> 2 indicates a temporal change in the SOC of the second power storage device 23.

  The first power storage device 22 is first connected to the pulse power supply 28 by the second switching controller 26 of FIG. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, supply of a pulse current from the pulse power supply 28 to the supercritical fluid generator 42 is started from time t0, and the power of the first power storage device 22 is consumed, so that the SOC of the first power storage device 22 is reduced. It drops like line S1. Because the first switching controller 24 connects the second power storage device 23 to the charger 21 by the command signal CS7 from the controller 60 while the output power is supplied from the first power storage device 22 to the pulse power supply 28. The second power storage device 23 is charged to the maximum upper limit value HL in the fully charged state. At this time, the command signal CS5 from the controller 60 is output, the circuit breaker 19 is released, and the charger 21 is electrically released from the power line PL. When the SOC of the first power storage device 22 reaches the lower limit value TL at time t1, the second switching controller 26 is switched in response to the command signal CS6 from the controller 60, and the first power storage device 22 to the second power storage device 23. It is switched to. After time t1, the electric power of the second power storage device 23 is used for pulse current generation by the pulse power supply 28. In this power supply cycle, a command signal CS5 from the controller 60 is output, the circuit breaker 19 is closed, and the charger 21 is connected to the power line PL. And since the 1st switching controller 24 connects the 1st electrical storage apparatus 22 to the charger 21 with the command signal CS7 from the controller 60, the 1st electrical storage apparatus 22 is until the maximum upper limit value HL of a full charge state by the charger 21. Charged. When the SOC of the second power storage device 23 reaches the lower limit TL at time t2, the first power storage device 22 is connected to the pulse power supply 28 by the second switching controller 26. Thus, the power supply cycle and the charge cycle are the command signal CS5 output based on the SCO value obtained by calculating inside the controller 60 based on the voltage signals V1, V2 and the current signals I1, I2. Controlled by CS6 and CS7.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, as the working fluid, for example, a conductive aqueous solution adjusted to have a predetermined electric resistance by adding a small amount of lithium nitrate to pure water is used. In addition to the conductive aqueous solution, the working fluid includes simple water, carbon dioxide, a mixed fluid of water and carbon dioxide, a mixed fluid of water and acetone (50%: 50% ratio), a conductive aqueous solution and acetone. (50%: 50% ratio) mixed fluid or other working fluid may be used. A mixed fluid of a conductive aqueous solution and acetone (ratio of 50%: 50%) is particularly preferably used as a countermeasure for cold regions, and a temperature lower than the supercritical temperature of the conductive aqueous solution alone compared to the use of the conductive aqueous solution alone. Therefore, high energy conversion efficiency is expected in that the pressure becomes extremely higher than the supercritical pressure of the conductive aqueous solution alone.

  The rotary fluid machine 40 and the rotary pressurizing pump 44 are, for example, the rotary fluid machine disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5103570 (title: rotary fluid machine) according to the invention of the same inventor, or the same inventor. Since it has the same structure as the structure of the “rotary fluid machine” and “supercharger” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-195513 (name of invention: rotary fluid machine), the details of these are disclosed. The detailed explanation is omitted. As the three-way switching control valve 50, for example, a control valve having a structure almost similar to that disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3415824 (US Patent Publication No. 2004/0050624) can be adopted. Detailed description is omitted here.

  Next, the operation of the electrohydraulic engine 12 employing the above-described conductive aqueous solution as a working fluid will be described. The accumulator 46 stores a pressurized conductive aqueous solution, and the low-pressure storage container 48 stores a low-pressure conductive aqueous solution.

  When the electrohydrodynamic engine 12 is operated, a direct current output is supplied from the power storage system 20 to the pulse power supply 28. A periodic pulse current is supplied from the pulse power supply 28 to the supercritical fluid generator 42, and at the same time, a command signal is output from the controller 60 to the three-way switching control valve 50. Then, the three-way switching control valve 50 is operated, and the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the accumulator 46 flows into the second rotating machine unit 40B from the inlet a2 of the rotary fluid machine 40 and is driven in the motor mode to generate mechanical energy. Conversion is performed to generate primary torque on the output shaft 40C. The conductive aqueous solution discharged from the outlet B2 of the second rotating machine unit 40B is supplied to the supercritical fluid generator 42 via the check valve 54. As a result, the supercritical fluid generator 42 generates supercritical water from the conductive aqueous solution by arc discharge generated in response to the periodic pulse current. This supercritical water flows from the inlet a1 of the rotary fluid machine 40 into the first rotary machine part 40A, explosively expands and is converted into mechanical energy, and generates secondary torque on the output shaft 40C. At this time, since the second rotating machine unit 40B operates in the pump mode in synchronization with the first rotating machine unit 40A of the rotary fluid machine 40, the second rotating machine unit 40B is connected to the low pressure storage container via the check valve 52. The low-pressure conductive aqueous solution is sucked and pressurized directly from 48 to generate a high-pressure conductive aqueous solution. Therefore, the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the accumulator 46 and the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the second rotating machine unit 40B merge, and the merged high-pressure conductive aqueous solution is supplied to the supercritical fluid generator 42 via the check valve 54. The In this step, the flow rate ratio between the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the accumulator 46 and the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the second rotary machine unit 40B is set to a predetermined value by a command signal output from the controller 60 to the three-way switching control valve 50. Can be set. At this time, the opening degree of the three-way switching control valve 50 may be controlled so that the supply amount of the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution of the accumulator 46 is limited. In this case, since the supply ratio of the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution generated by the second rotating machine unit 40B increases, the supercritical fluid generator 42 generates a volume of supercritical water necessary for generating mechanical energy. A high-pressure conductive aqueous solution is supplied. At this time, since the supply amount of the high pressure conductive aqueous solution of the accumulator 46 is limited, the accumulator 46 can supply the high pressure conductive aqueous solution for a relatively long period of time.

  Since the supercritical fluid generator 42 is supplied with the pulse current composed of the peak current and the base current from the pulse power supply 28 as described above, the conductive aqueous solution is instantaneously generated in the saturated steam generation zone Z1 by the generation of Joule heat by energization. The saturated steam is brought into contact with the arc in the superheated steam generation zone Z2 and instantaneously becomes superheated steam, and the superheated steam is brought into contact with the wide-area arc in the supercritical fluid generation zone Z3 and becomes high temperature and high pressure. At this time, a check valve 54 prevents reverse flow of superheated steam on the inlet side of the supercritical fluid generator 42, while the electromagnetic switching control valve 56 is closed on the outlet side of the supercritical fluid generator 42. As a result, the temperature and pressure of the superheated steam rises rapidly and supercritical water is generated instantaneously.

  In this state, a command signal CS3 is output from the controller 60 to the electromagnetic switching control valve 56. Then, supercritical water is ejected from the supercritical fluid generator 42 and flows into the first rotating machine unit 40A from the inlet a1 of the rotary fluid machine 40 and explosively expands to generate mechanical energy on the output shaft 40C. . Part of this mechanical energy drives the generator 16. Part of the power generated by the generator 16 is stored in the power storage system 20 in accordance with the power storage program described above.

  When the internal pressure of the accumulator 46 falls below a predetermined value during the operation of the electrohydrodynamic engine 12, the command signal CS1 is output from the controller 60, the three-way switching control valve 50 is switched, and the rotary pressurizing pump 44 is switched to the accumulator 46. Communicate with. At this time, the rotary pressurizing pump 44 pumps and stores the high pressure conductive aqueous solution obtained by sucking and pressurizing the low pressure conductive aqueous solution from the low pressure storage container 48 to the accumulator 46. As a result of storing the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution, when the pressure of the accumulator 46 reaches the upper limit pressure level, a command signal indicating completion of pressure energy storage is output from the controller 60 in response to the pressure detection signal from the pressure sensor S3, The flow path between the accumulator 46 and the rotary pressurizing pump 44 is blocked by the three-way switching control valve 50. At this time, the outlet d2 of the rotary pressurizing pump 44 communicates with the inlet a2 of the second rotating machine part 40B of the rotary fluid machine 40 by the three-way switching control valve 50. Therefore, the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution generated by the rotary pressurizing pump 44 is continuously supplied to the supercritical fluid generator 42 via the second rotary machine unit 40B and the check valve 54.

As described above, the supercritical fluid generator 42 generates supercritical water from the high-pressure conductive aqueous solution by the generation of high-density arc discharge. Supercritical water is heated from atmospheric pressure and reaches a supercritical pressure of 400 bar when it reaches a supercritical temperature of 673 K (about 400 ° C.). In the supercritical fluid generator 42, the supercritical temperature is 1073 K (about 800 ° C.) or higher, and therefore the supercritical pressure is extremely high. Moreover, since the ultrahigh-pressure conductive aqueous solution is introduced into the supercritical fluid generator 42 by the pump mode of the rotary pressurizing pump and the second rotating machine part 40B of the rotary fluid machine 40, it is 1073K (about 800 ° C.) or more. When supercritical water is generated at a temperature, the pressure becomes extremely high. Moreover, during the period in which the supercritical water is supplied to the rotary fluid machine, the supercritical fluid generator 42 is continuously supplied with the ultrahigh pressure conductive aqueous solution and continuously generated by the pulse current generated periodically. Supercritical water is generated. Accordingly, during the entire expansion stroke of the rotary fluid machine 40, the supercritical water is continuously supplied to the rotary fluid machine with a high supercritical pressure. Therefore, the net average effective pressure of the second rotating machine part 40B of the rotary fluid machine 40 is several tens to several hundreds times the net average effective pressure 13 to 16 Kgf / cm ^{2 of} the conventional diesel engine. Guessed. Therefore, the electrohydrodynamic engine 12 can obtain extremely high mechanical energy conversion efficiency.

  As mentioned above, although the electrohydrodynamic engine by the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the structure shown by these Example, A various change is possible. For example, mechanical energy for motive power is transmitted to propulsion means such as driving wheels or propellers via a transmission and a propeller shaft by a clutch provided on an output shaft of an electrohydrodynamic engine, while a generator is provided with a timing pulley and a timing belt. The output shaft of the electrohydraulic engine or the propeller shaft may be driven and connected via the power transmission means.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electrohydrodynamic engine; 12 Engine part; 16 Generator; 18 Load; 10 Circuit breaker; 20 Power storage system; 21 Charger; 22, 23 1st, 2nd electrical storage apparatus; 24, 26 1st, 2nd switching control 28 pulse power supply; 46 accumulator; 48 low pressure storage vessel; 40 rotary fluid machine; 40A first rotary machine part; 40B second rotary machine part; 42 supercritical fluid generator; 50 three-way switching control valve; Control valve; 58 Cooler; 60 Controller; 62 Input device

Claims (2)

A rotary pressurizing pump that sucks and pressurizes the liquid phase working fluid to supply the high pressure liquid phase working fluid;
A pulse power supply for supplying a pulse current of a predetermined period;
A supercritical fluid generator for generating a supercritical fluid from the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid, comprising a wide-area arc discharge generating means for generating an arc discharge in a wide area in response to the pulse current;
A rotary fluid machine that expands the supercritical fluid into mechanical energy and drives the rotary pressurization pump with a portion of the mechanical energy;
A generator driven by a part of the mechanical energy to output generated power;
A power storage system that stores part of the generated power and supplies power to the pulse power source ;
An accumulator for storing the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid; and a switching control valve for switching a flow path of the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid discharged from the rotary pressurization pump to at least one of the accumulator and the supercritical fluid generator. Prepared ,
The supercritical fluid generator includes a reactor casing, an arc discharge generation chamber formed in the reactor casing and having a saturated steam generation zone, a superheated steam generation zone, and a supercritical fluid generation zone; and the pulse power source. A plurality of arc electrodes that are connected to generate arc discharge in the arc discharge generation chamber, and are interposed between the arc electrodes in the saturated steam generation zone, the superheated steam generation zone, and the supercritical fluid generation zone An electrohydraulic engine comprising: a plurality of arc discharge bodies functioning as the wide-area arc discharge generating means for generating the arc discharge in a wide area . The rotary fluid machine functions in a motor mode in response to the first rotary machine unit that expands the supercritical fluid and the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid supplied from the accumulator. Functions in a pump mode in which the liquid-phase working fluid is sucked and pressurized from the low-pressure storage container and the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is supplied to the supercritical fluid generator while the high-pressure liquid-phase working fluid is supplied to the accumulator And a second cooler that further cools and liquefies the expansion fluid discharged from the second rotary machine and collects the liquid-phase working fluid in the low-pressure storage container. The electrohydrodynamic engine according to claim 1 .

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