JP5346433B2 - Livestock feed - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a milk yield increasing agent for mammals and a feed containing the same. The present invention also relates to a calcium absorption promoter for livestock belonging to mammals, a calcium extender in milk, and a feed containing the same.

  In mammals (excluding humans), especially in animals where milk is a commodity, such as cattle, goats, and sheep, poor health and reduced milk yield due to disease are serious economic problems for dairy farmers. Moreover, even if the animal is in good physical condition, it is preferable that the amount of milk per head increases because this will lead to an increase in the income of dairy farmers.

  Methods for increasing milk yield include adding maltose, sucrose, starch, etc. to the feed to increase the amount of energy consumed, controlling the type of amino acid to be administered and the timing of administration (Patent Documents 1 to 3). Are known. However, there is a problem that the method of administering saccharides and starch cannot obtain a sufficient effect, resulting in poor feed efficiency, and the method of administering an amino acid has a problem that adjustment of the addition time is very complicated. was there.

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide composed of glucose, and is widely distributed in mold, yeast, red algae, lichens and many insects. Trehalose is known to have an anti-aging effect on starch, an anti-denaturation effect on proteins, and an anti-fouling effect on lipids, and is widely used for the purpose of enhancing the storage stability of foods.
Moreover, the technique which improves the preservability of an animal feed using the said effect of a trehalose has also been reported (patent documents 4 and 5). In these feeds, specifically, trehalose is used for the purpose of improving the stability of contained components, for example, by increasing the residual rate of feed enzymes by utilizing the protein denaturation preventing effect. It has also been reported that trehalose is used as a sweetener to impart palatability (Patent Document 6). However, administration of trehalose to mammals to increase milk yield has not been studied.

In addition, there is a problem that the quality of milk is not stable because the calcium concentration in the milk changes with the decrease in the amount of milk seen in the late lactation period. On the other hand, when the amount of milk is increased, there is a concern that calcium in the blood is deficient and the calcium concentration in the milk is lowered. In addition, when increasing the amount of milk produced in elderly livestock, it is also predicted that the possibility of developing hypocalcemia is increased. The development of hypocalcemia is a very serious problem for dairymen, which can cause inability to stand.
As a method for increasing the absorption rate of calcium, a method of administering vitamin D is known. However, since vitamin D has side effects such as promoting the deposition of blood vessel walls and calcium when taken too much, it must be used under strict control.
On the other hand, trehalose is known to interact with calcium and suppress the formation of insoluble salts such as calcium phosphate (Non-patent Document 1). In mice, it is also known that when trehalose is orally administered simultaneously with calcium chloride, the calcium concentration in blood increases (Non-patent Document 2).

JP-A-5-192093 JP-A-6-237701 JP 2001-86940 A Special table 2002-536005 gazette JP-A-6-217716 JP 2004-210795 A Sawaya Ikuo, “Trhalose and mineral interaction”, 5th Treha Symposium Collection, p. 41-48, 2001 Naruyuki Arai et al., “Trehalose and Osteoporosis”, 3rd Treha Symposium Collection, p. 51-56, 2000

  An object of the present invention is to provide a safe and simple means for increasing the milk yield of a mammal. It is another object of the present invention to provide a safe and simple means for stably maintaining the calcium concentration of milk even when the amount of milk is increased.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors conducted research on substances having an action to increase the milk yield of mammals and effective amounts thereof, and as a result, by adding trehalose to the feed, cows, goats, It has been found that there is an effect of increasing and stabilizing the milk yield of livestock such as sheep. Furthermore, it has been found that the effect of increasing milk yield is more excellent by adjusting the dosage of trehalose. Moreover, when the milk yield was increased using trehalose, it was found that the calcium concentration in milk was stable over the lactation period, and the present invention was completed.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A milk yield increasing agent for mammals containing trehalose as an active ingredient.
(2) The milk yield increasing agent according to (1), wherein the mammal is a cow, goat, or sheep.
(3) A feed containing the milk yield increasing agent according to (1) or (2).
(4) The feed according to (3), wherein the trehalose content is 10 ppm to 10000 ppm by mass per dry matter.
(5) A method for raising a mammal, comprising supplying the feed according to (3) or (4) to a lactating mammal.
(6) A calcium absorption promoter for livestock belonging to mammals containing trehalose as an active ingredient.
(7) A calcium extender in the milk of livestock belonging to mammals containing trehalose as an active ingredient.
(8) The calcium absorption promoter or the calcium extender in milk according to (6) or (7), wherein the livestock is cow, goat, or sheep.
(9) A feed containing the calcium absorption promoter according to any one of (6) to (8) or the calcium extender in milk.
(10) The feed according to (9), wherein the trehalose content is 10 ppm to 10000 ppm by mass per dry matter.
(11) A method for raising livestock belonging to mammals, comprising supplying the feed according to (9) or (10) to livestock belonging to lactating mammals.

  By administering a feed containing trehalose to a mammal, the milk yield of the mammal is increased and stabilized. Moreover, even when the calcium absorption of a mammal is promoted and the milk yield is increased, a certain quality can be maintained without reducing the calcium concentration in the milk. As a result, the total amount of calcium utilized for the production of mammalian milk is increased. The feed containing the milk yield increasing agent of the present invention and the feed containing the calcium absorption enhancer are particularly suitable for feeding to cattle, goats and sheep.

The milk yield increasing agent of the present invention is characterized by containing trehalose as an active ingredient.
The trehalose contained in the milk yield increasing agent of the present invention may be any of α, α-trehalose, α, β-trehalose and β, β-trehalose, preferably α, α-trehalose. Further, the production method, origin and form of trehalose are not limited. For example, trehalose found in nature such as trehalose derived from yeast may be used, or trehalose produced from maltose or starch may be used. Commercially available trehalose can also be used.

  The trehalose concentration in the milk yield increasing agent of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted depending on the kind of feed to be added, etc., but trehalose is 0.02 to 1.0 g, preferably 0.02 g per kg of body weight per day. It is preferable to make it a concentration suitable for giving ~ 0.40 g, or a concentration suitable for the trehalose content of the feed to be 10 mass ppm to 10000 mass ppm per dry matter amount.

  The dosage form of the milk yield increasing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be any form such as powder, liquid, tablet, and the like. The method for producing the milk yield-increasing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be produced, for example, by mixing trehalose and, if necessary, optional components and formulating them.

The milk yield increasing agent of the present invention may further contain optional components such as a component effective for increasing milk yield and a component for improving storage stability.
Examples of optional components include viable agents such as Enterococcus bacteria, Bacillus bacteria, and Bifidobacterium, enzymes such as amylase and lipase, vitamins such as L-ascorbic acid, choline chloride, inositol, and folic acid, potassium chloride, Minerals such as iron acid, magnesium oxide, phosphates, amino acids such as DL-alanine, DL-methionine, L-lysine hydrochloride, organic acids such as fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and their salts, ethoxyquin, dibutylhydroxy Antioxidants such as toluene, fungicides such as calcium propionate, binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, sodium caseinate and sodium polyacrylate, emulsifiers such as glycerin fatty acid ester and sorbitan fatty acid ester, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, etc. Dyes, esters, ethers, flavoring such as ketones, glucose, lactose, monosaccharides, such as raffinose, and oligosaccharides.

Moreover, the milk yield increasing agent containing the trehalose of the present invention as an active ingredient is mixed with other feed ingredients used in mammal feed, pet food, and pet supplements (hereinafter referred to as feed), Can be used as feed for increasing milk yield. There are no particular restrictions on the type and ingredients of the feed. Moreover, you may add to the feed of this invention, adding the arbitrary component which can be added to a milk amount increasing agent.
The trehalose content in the feed of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of animal to be fed, the ingredients of the feed, age, weight, time, etc., and is not particularly limited, but is 10 to 10000 ppm by weight per dry matter amount. Preferably there is.

  Further, the milk yield increasing agent of the present invention may be added to the feed component as it is and mixed. Addition can be performed by a method such as sprinkling over the feed. Moreover, when adding and mixing a powdery and solid milk amount increasing agent, in order to make mixing to feed easy, it can also be used in liquid or gel form. In this case, water, vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil and corn oil, liquid animal oils, water-soluble polymer compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyacrylic acid can be used as the liquid carrier. In order to maintain the homogeneity of trehalose in the feed, it is also preferable to add a water-soluble polysaccharide such as alginic acid, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, sodium caseinate, gum arabic, guar gum, tamarind seed polysaccharide.

  The animal that feeds the feed of the present invention is a lactating mammal. Although the lactation period varies depending on the animal species, it is usually about 12 months after delivery. As a kind of mammal, it can use for pets, such as livestock, a dog, and a cat, for example. Among these, it can use suitably with respect to livestock, especially a cow, a goat, and a sheep. Furthermore, among these, it can use especially suitably for breeding of dairy cows. The amount of feed to be provided can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type of animal, body weight, age, health condition, ingredients of the feed, etc., but the dosage of trehalose is 0.02 g to 1.0 g per kg body weight per day, Preferably it can give so that it may become the range of 0.02g-0.4g. For example, in the case of dairy cows, the dosage of trehalose is preferably 10 to 500 g per head per day. Moreover, the time for supplying the feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is particularly effective when used after 2 months after delivery when milk production starts to decrease. Moreover, what is necessary is just to perform supply of feed by a normal method.

  The milk yield increasing agent of the present invention can be added to and dissolved in water and provided to lactating mammals. Among these, it is preferable to provide it as drinking water to livestock, particularly cattle, goats and sheep. In this case, the amount of the milk yield increasing agent can be adjusted so that the dosage of trehalose falls within the above range, as in the case of feed. Moreover, the method of supplying drinking water is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, free intake.

  The calcium absorption promoter of the present invention is characterized by containing trehalose as an active ingredient. The trehalose contained in the calcium absorption promoter of the present invention is the same as the above-mentioned milk yield increasing agent.

  The trehalose concentration in the calcium absorption enhancer of the present invention, the dosage form of the calcium absorption enhancer, and the optional components contained therein can be appropriately selected in the same manner as the above-described milk yield increasing agent.

Moreover, the calcium absorption enhancer of the present invention can be mixed with other feed components used for livestock feed to make a feed for promoting calcium absorption. There are no particular restrictions on the type and ingredients of the feed. Moreover, you may prepare the feed of this invention by adding the said arbitrary component which can be added to the milk yield increasing agent of this invention. Moreover, the form combined with a calcium supplement etc. is also preferable.
The trehalose content in the feed for promoting calcium absorption according to the present invention can also be adjusted as appropriate as with the milk yield increasing agent.

  Moreover, the animal which provides the feed containing the calcium absorption promoter of this invention is a domestic animal which belongs to a mammal. Among these, it can use suitably with respect to a cow, a goat, and a sheep. The method of supplying the feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be performed in the same manner as the supply of feed containing a milk yield increasing agent.

The calcium filler in milk of the present invention is characterized by containing trehalose as an active ingredient. The calcium extender of this invention has the effect | action which increases the milk yield of the domestic animal which belongs to a mammal, and maintains the calcium concentration in milk. As a result, the total amount of calcium used for milk production is increased. The trehalose concentration in the calcium extender of the present invention, the dosage form of the calcium absorption enhancer, and the optional components contained therein can be appropriately selected in the same manner as the milk yield enhancer and calcium absorption enhancer described above.
Also, the calcium extender in milk of the present invention can be mixed with other feed ingredients used in livestock feed to increase the milk yield and to maintain the calcium concentration in the milk. . The trehalose content, feed type and ingredients are not particularly limited, and can be prepared in the same manner as the feed containing the milk yield-increasing agent and calcium absorption promoter of the present invention. Moreover, the form combined with a calcium supplement etc. is also preferable.
Moreover, it does not restrict | limit especially about the supply method of feed, It can carry out similarly to the supply of the feed containing a milk amount increasing agent and a calcium absorption promoter.

Breeding tests of dairy cows (Holstein, 2-3 months after parturition) using a feed containing trehalose were carried out by the following method.
Using 15 healthy dairy cows with no abnormalities in the findings before the start of the test, the dairy cows were divided into 5 groups of 3 dairy cows in 5 groups, so that the milk yield would not vary. It was. For these three groups, trehalose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added to the feed for dairy cattle (Haiday Bulky 72, manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Industry Co., Ltd.) once a day, respectively. Then, 50 g of maltose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to 1 group instead of trehalose to provide a feed, and another group was fed without adding trehalose. Trehalose and maltose were sprinkled from above at the time of feeding.
The milk yield during the breeding period was measured, and the average milk yield of each group was determined. The change in milk yield is shown in FIG.

  As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the group bred with the trehalose-free feed, the milk yield tends to decrease gradually, but in the group bred with the trehalose-added feed, the overall milk yield is high, and the milk yield further increases. It was found that there was little decrease. In particular, in the group to which trehalose was administered at 50 g and 200 g per day, the increase in milk yield was remarkable. On the other hand, in the group to which maltose was added, an increase in milk yield could not be confirmed.

  In addition, milk was sampled every week during the test period, and the calcium concentration in the milk was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The measurement results (average values) are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

In the group bred with trehalose-free feed and maltose-added feed, the tendency for calcium concentration in milk to increase with time was confirmed as milk yield decreased, but total calcium mass (milk mass x calcium concentration (milk The mass was calculated with a specific gravity of 1 as 1) slightly decreased. On the other hand, in the group bred with 10 g trehalose-added feed, a tendency for the calcium concentration in milk to increase was confirmed with a slight decrease in milk yield, and the total calcium content also increased slightly. In the group fed with 50 g of trehalose and 200 g feed, the milk yield increased significantly and the calcium concentration was also maintained. That is, it can be seen that the total amount of calcium has increased significantly.
From the above, it was found that feeding with trehalose added increased the milk yield and at the same time promoted calcium absorption, resulting in maintaining the calcium concentration in the milk. It was also found that the total amount of calcium used for milk production increased.

It is a figure which shows the change of the milk amount of a dairy cow. It is a figure which shows the total amount of calcium contained in milk.

Claims (2)

Trehalose comprising the step of administering a dose of bovine, per the mammal one animal to a mammal selected from goats and sheep 50 g~500g / day milk yield increases method in said mammal. Trehalose comprising the step of administering a dose of bovine, 50 per said mammal one animal to a mammal selected from goat and sheep g to 200 g / day, milk yield increases method in said mammal.

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