JP2013223481A - Milk quality improver for livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drug, a method and the like, capable of decreasing the number of somatic cells present in milk of livestock (a dairy cow, a sheep, a goat and the like) to improve the quality of milk thereof, of helping produce milk of good quality including a small number of somatic cells even under weather and breeding conditions stressful for livestock, and of preventing and/or treating mastitis.SOLUTION: By orally administering or feeding trehalose to livestock, the number of somatic cells (such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages) present in milk thereof is decreased, mastitis is prevented and/or treated, and thereby the quality of milk thereof can be improved.

Description

  The present invention relates to a livestock milk quality improving agent and the like. Specifically, the present invention relates to an agent and a method for improving the milk quality by reducing the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock, and also preventing and / or treating mastitis.

  In domestic animals, particularly those belonging to mammals, the occurrence of various perinatal illnesses such as decreased immune capacity before and after parturition, and associated infections such as mastitis, metabolic disorders due to decreased liver function, has become an issue. ing.

  For example, mastitis in dairy cows is the most important disease in the dairy industry, and many studies have been made on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of mastitis for many years, but it has not been solved. The cause of mastitis is mainly bacterial infection from the mammary gland, and the causative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus and the like. In addition, it is known that the onset time is often in the dry period and immediately after parturition. Various waterside control measures (cleaning of the breeding environment, etc.) have been taken against this, but if it develops, it will eventually be treated by dredging, disposing of the affected cow, and blind milk. The current situation is to support this. In other words, the establishment of this mastitis prevention / treatment method is a very important issue in dairy management, but it remains a difficult issue.

As a method for diagnosing mastitis, the measurement of the number of somatic cells in milk is common, and is incorporated in dairy cow certification. The number of somatic cells was originally an index for improving milk quality through mastitis prevention measures, but has recently been used as a standard for raw milk trading and milk allocation. If the number of somatic cells is higher than the standard, a surcharge will be imposed, so the increase in the number of somatic cells in livestock milk is a pressing factor in dairy management.
For these reasons, there is a strong demand in the industry for the development of new ingredients that can reduce the number of somatic cells in milk, prevent and treat mastitis, improve milk quality, and the like, which are simple, efficient and highly safe.

Trehalose, on the other hand, is a naturally occurring disaccharide that is also contained in microorganisms and insects, and is a combination of two α-glucose molecules with a 1-1 glycoside bond, and there is also a technology for producing high-purity trehalose in large quantities and at low cost. Has been developed.
Trehalose is a very stable substance, and is known for its various functions such as resistance to freezing, suppression of discoloration, suppression of starch and protein denaturation, and antioxidant capacity, and it is used in a wide range of fields such as food and cosmetics. .

  Regarding the effects of trehalose on livestock such as cattle, it is known that trehalose is fed to beef cattle (fattening cattle) to improve the meat color and reduce the drip amount and improve the meat quality of the cow ( Patent Document 1). In addition, the effects of promoting the growth of livestock and pets by feeding trehalose, improving fecal properties, and improving meat quality (color, gloss) of livestock and poultry are also known (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, it is known that milk is increased by feeding trehalose to mammals such as cattle, goats and sheep, and the calcium concentration in the milk is further stabilized (Patent Document 3).

  However, it has not been known so far about the reduction of the number of somatic cells in livestock milk by oral administration or feeding of trehalose and the prevention / treatment effect of mastitis. It has also been reported that trehalose can be an effective supplement for improving the antioxidant activity in milk of dairy cows and suppressing oxidative stress (Non-patent Document 1). No study has been conducted on the reduction of the number of somatic cells in the milk of dairy cows by the oral administration or feeding, and the prevention / treatment effect of mastitis.

JP 2007-097409 A JP 2008-019236 A JP 2007-319156 A

Journal of Dairy Science 93; 4189-4195 (2010)

  In view of the importance of livestock milk as food, the present invention contributes to improving the quality and stabilization of the nation by reducing the number of somatic cells in livestock milk. It was made for the purpose of providing components, agents, methods and the like that can be improved. In addition, this component or agent can be used to produce a milk of good quality and low in the number of somatic cells even under stressful weather and feeding conditions, and an agent and method capable of preventing and / or treating mastitis It was made for the purpose of providing.

  In order to achieve the above object, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors examined the effect of oral administration or feeding of trehalose on the number of somatic cells in livestock milk, and the number of somatic cells in milk by oral administration or feeding of trehalose. Found to decrease. And as a result of further research based on these useful new findings, a milk quality-improving agent for livestock that uses trehalose as an active ingredient, reduces the number of somatic cells in livestock milk, and prevents and / or treats mastitis The present invention, which is a method and the like, has been completed.

That is, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A livestock milk quality improving agent characterized by containing trehalose as an active ingredient.
(2) The agent according to (1), wherein the improvement in milk quality reduces the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock.
(3) A preventive and / or therapeutic agent for livestock mastitis, comprising trehalose as an active ingredient.
(4) Trehalose is used so that it is orally administered to livestock at any time from the dry period (that is, 60 days before delivery) to 50 days after delivery, (1) to (3) The agent as described in any one of these.
(5) Trehalose is used for domestic animals to be continuously administered orally from the dry period (that is, 60 days before delivery) to 50 days after delivery, (1) to (3) The agent as described in any one.
(6) The agent according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the livestock is at least one selected from cattle (particularly dairy cows such as Holstein), sheep, and goats.
(7) A method for improving the milk quality of livestock, comprising orally administering or feeding trehalose to livestock.
(8) The method according to (7), wherein the milk quality improvement is a reduction in the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock.
(9) A method for preventing and / or treating mastitis in domestic animals, characterized by orally administering or feeding trehalose to domestic animals.
(10) Any of (7) to (9), characterized in that trehalose is orally administered or fed to livestock at any time from the dry period (that is, 60 days before delivery) to 50 days after delivery. The method according to one.
(11) Any one of (7) to (9), characterized in that trehalose is orally administered or fed to livestock from the dry period (that is, 60 days before delivery) to 50 days after delivery. The method described in one.
(12) The method according to any one of (7) to (11), wherein the livestock is at least one selected from cattle (particularly dairy cows such as Holstein), sheep, and goats.
(13) Less than 200,000 somatic cells / ml obtained from livestock to which the method according to any one of (7) to (12) is applied, and more than 100,000 somatic cells / ml Livestock milk with improved milk quality.
(14) A method for improving milk quality of livestock or a method for preventing and / or treating mastitis of livestock, comprising orally administering the agent according to any one of (1) to (6).

  According to the present invention, the number of somatic cells in livestock milk can be easily and safely reduced, and the milk quality can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to efficiently raise livestock that produces milk with a low number of somatic cells and good quality even during the postpartum period (about 21 days after delivery if it is a dairy cow) under weather conditions and feeding conditions that are easily stressed. This makes it possible to prevent and / or treat livestock mastitis, which is a very important issue in dairy management, in a safe, simple and efficient manner. It is also effective against a state in which no abnormality is observed but there is slight inflammation.

It is a graph which shows the influence which the administration of trehalose to a Holstein dairy cow gives to the number of somatic cells in the milk of the postpartum stage. The left side represents the control group (no trehalose administration), the right side represents the trehalose group (trehalose administration), the vertical axis represents the number of somatic cells in milk (Somatic Cell Count; SCC), and the horizontal axis represents the number of days after delivery. In the graph, black circles indicate the first birth, and white circles indicate the birth.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  In the present invention, trehalose (at least one selected from α, α-trehalose, α, β-trehalose, β, β-trehalose) is used as an active ingredient. Trehalose can be used as a pure product or a crude product (pasteized product, diluted product, emulsion, suspension, etc.). In addition, it is possible to use a granulated product by adding an excipient such as starch or dextrin, or a tableted product. Furthermore, what was coated with fats and oils etc. (by-passing) so that it may not be decomposed | disassembled with a lumen | rumen can also be used. Trehalose is relatively difficult to be broken down by rumen, so there is basically no problem even if it is administered without such processing.

  The target animal of the present invention is a domestic animal belonging to mammals. In particular, livestock whose milk or dairy products are edible are shown as preferred examples, such as cattle (particularly dairy cattle such as Holstein and Jersey), sheep, goats, etc., but are not limited thereto. Absent. In addition, horses, buffaloes, camels, yaks, etc. are also exemplified, and livestock that do not use the milk (pigs, etc.) may be targeted.

  Trehalose can be used as an active ingredient as it is as a feed additive, feed, feed composition, animal medicine, promoter (enhancement agent), and other agents. Moreover, it is also possible to provide feed additives, feeds, feed compositions by adding and mixing commonly used feed ingredients, and also to provide animal pharmaceutical preparations containing trehalose as an active ingredient. it can. In this case, it may be formulated according to a conventional method of animal pharmaceutical preparation, and other active ingredients having other physiological functions can be used in combination.

  The active ingredient is orally administered in various forms, and examples of the dosage form include oral administration using tablets, capsules, granules, powders, sylobic agents, and the like. These various preparations are usually used in the field of veterinary pharmaceutical formulation techniques such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc. It can be formulated with known adjuvants. It is also possible to use a pure trehalose product (powder, crystal, etc.) as it is as a preparation.

  In addition, what was formulated in this way can be used as a feed composition, and can be fed directly to livestock as feed, or used as feed additive in other feed ingredients. It is also possible to add and mix them.

  Trehalose is orally administered or fed in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 g / day of animal body weight (preferably 0.05 to 0.4 g / day of animal body weight) and delivered from the dry period. It is preferable to administer or administer orally at any time after the 40th to 50th day, and it is more preferable to administer or administer it continuously (continuously every day) from the dry milk period until 40 to 50th day after delivery. . When trehalose is administered orally or in excess of the above range, there is no particular problem in terms of its effect. However, if it is less than the above range, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently exhibited, which is not preferable. . For example, taking a dairy cow (body weight of about 500 to 1000 kg) as an example, 10 to 500 g / head, preferably 50 to 200 g / head per day is shown as a suitable oral administration or feed amount.

  For example, in the case of dairy cattle, 10 to 500 g of trehalose per day is fed in the dry period (approximately 60 days before delivery to delivery, particularly, 60 days before delivery to 3 weeks before delivery). From the previous period) to the late stage of dry milk (3 weeks before delivery to delivery), 40 to 50 days after delivery, including one or more days (including non-continuous administration or feeding) or continued Thus, it is shown as a preferred example that it can be used orally (continuously daily). In addition, administration or salary may be performed before and after this period. In other livestock, it may be set in consideration of the weight and the period corresponding to the dry season of the dairy cow, but oral administration or feeding other than the above period including the dairy cow is not completely excluded.

  The present invention has a great feature in that the effectiveness (functionality) of trehalose is directly confirmed using livestock. Specifically, trehalose is actually orally administered to livestock, analyzed for the number of somatic cells in the milk and the presence or absence of mastitis infection, and is extremely characteristic in that the physiological action was directly confirmed in livestock. I can say that.

  And this invention discovered for the first time that there is a new use that trehalose reduces the number of somatic cells in livestock milk, prevents and / or treats mastitis, and improves its milk quality, In other words, it can be said that the present invention is a novel use invention of trehalose, a livestock milk quality improving agent.

  In addition, “milk quality improvement” of livestock milk means that at least one of milk components, viable cell counts, somatic cell counts, dust, and flavor in milk is optimized. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, etc.) and viable counts (ie bacterial counts) are very important indicators that are directly and indirectly related to mastitis. Reduction of these strongly contributes to improving milk quality. For example, in the number of somatic cells of milk, 100,000 / ml or less is a normal value and 200,000 / ml is an upper limit (preferably 200,000). / Ml).

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made within the technical idea of the present invention.

  40 Holstein dairy cows in the first half of dry milk (approximately 60 days before parturition) were tested. Divided into two groups, a control group (no trehalose administration group, 23 animals) and a test group (trehalose administration group, 17 animals), and normal feed (TMR: mixed) from the first half of dry milk to 40 days after delivery only for the test group Feed) was added with 50 g of dried trehalose pure product, and the effect on the number of somatic cells in milk up to 40 days after delivery was investigated.

  In addition, the oral administration per day or the salary menu was performed as follows.

I: Early dry milk period (until 60-22 days before delivery)
Timothy No.2 Hay 5kg
Timothy No.1 shredded silage 21kg
1kg soybean hull

II: Late stage of dry milk (21 days before parturition to parturition)
Timothy No.2 Hay 5kg
Timothy No.1 shredded silage 15kg
1kg soybean hull
Pressure pen cone 2kg

III: Postpartum period (partum-40 days after parturition)
Timothy No.1 shredded silage 10kg
Corn silage 20kg
2kg soy sauce
Eastern Hokkaido 19 7.5kg
3kg of soybean hulls
1kg dry soybean
Urcal (Fossilized Coral Powder; Coral International Co., Ltd. product) 100g
M East (East Culture; Meiji Feeding Co., Ltd.) 100g
* The ingredients of Eastern Hokkaido 19 are as follows.
Crude protein 19.00% or more Crude fat 2.00% or more Crude fiber 10.00% or less Crude ash 10.00% or more Calcium 0.50% or more Phosphorus 0.40% or more Total digestible nutrient amount 73.00% or more

  The results are shown in FIG. As a result, in the control group, the number of somatic cells in the milk increased to 20-23.9 million / ml, whereas the number of somatic cells in the trehalose group was the first and All of these were 200,000 cells / ml or less, and no individual with a milk somatic cell count exceeding 200,000 cells / ml was found. The average number of somatic cells in each group was 298,000 / ml in the control group and 83,000 / ml in the trehalose group.

  From these results, it is clear that oral administration or feeding of trehalose to Holstein dairy cows not only reduces the number of somatic cells in the milk, regardless of whether it is a newborn or a postpartum, and prevents mastitis in the postpartum period. It was shown that the milk quality can be significantly improved.

  The present invention is summarized as follows.

  That is, the present invention reduces the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock (dairy cows, sheep, goats, etc.) and can improve the quality of the somatic cells, even under stressful weather conditions and feeding conditions. It is an object to provide an agent and a method capable of producing a small number of milk of good quality and preventing and / or treating mastitis.

  And by oral administration or feeding of trehalose to livestock, the number of somatic cells in the milk of the livestock (for example, neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, etc.) is reduced, and mastitis is prevented and / or treated, The milk quality can be improved.

Claims (13)

  A milk quality improving agent for livestock characterized by containing trehalose as an active ingredient.   The agent according to claim 1, wherein the improvement in milk quality reduces the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock.   A preventive and / or therapeutic agent for livestock mastitis, comprising trehalose as an active ingredient.   The agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein trehalose is used so that it is orally administered to livestock at any time from the dry period to 50 days after delivery.   The agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein trehalose is used so that it is orally administered to domestic animals continuously from the dry period to 50 days after delivery.   The livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep and goats, The agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   A method for improving the milk quality of livestock, comprising orally administering or feeding trehalose to livestock.   The method according to claim 7, wherein the improvement in milk quality is a reduction in the number of somatic cells in the milk of livestock.   A method for preventing and / or treating mastitis in domestic animals, characterized by orally administering or feeding trehalose to domestic animals.   The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein trehalose is orally administered or fed to livestock at any time from the dry period to 50 days after delivery.   The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein trehalose is orally administered or fed continuously to livestock from the dry period to 50 days after delivery.   12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep and goats.   Milk of livestock obtained from livestock to which the method according to any one of claims 7 to 12 has been applied, wherein the milk quality is improved to less than 200,000 somatic cells / ml.

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