JP5345331B2 - How to dismantle a skyscraper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of demolishing a super-highrise building capable of demolishing the super-highrise building exceeding 60 m in a short period while utilizing such conventional merits that a large-sized heavy machine does not need to be used, the entire surface of the building does not need to be covered, and noise and dust are prevented from being produced. <P>SOLUTION: Masts are vertically installed around the super-highrise building. A mast retraction means is attached to each mast. A shielding body capable of guiding and lifting each mast and of carrying a demolished machine is so assembled as to surround the super-highrise building. The mast is extended upward in order by connecting the mast member to the mast with the mast retraction means. The shielding body is raised while carrying the demolished machine, and the super-highrise building is demolished in order from the uppermost story toward the lower stories. Each time the story to be demolished is moved downward, the shielding body is lowered in order and the periphery of the story to be remodeled is enclosed, and the mast member is removed from the mast by the mast retraction means for shortening the mast. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for demolishing a skyscraper building.

  Since 1968, the Kasumigaseki Building, 36 floors above ground, 3 floors below ground, and 147m in height, was built as the first skyscraper in Japan. Many skyscrapers have been built, and now the skyscraper exceeds 60m in height. There are over 2500 buildings nationwide.

  However, 40 years have passed since the Kasumigaseki building was built, and other skyscrapers built following that have been aging one after another, and the demolition / replacement of such skyscrapers has been studied in earnest. Being started.

Many methods for dismantling low to high-rise buildings have been proposed. For example, a guide column made of H-shaped steel is provided on the wall of the building to be demolished, a shield that moves up and down to guide the guide column is assembled, the dismantling machine is stored inside, and the guide column is mounted with a crane attached to the shield. Go up to the top floor with a winch while adding up, dismantle the dismantling machine from the shield, start dismantling, and when the dismantling of one floor is finished, store the dismantling machine in the shielding and move to the next lower floor and dismantle There is a method (see Patent Document 1). According to this method, since it is not necessary to install a large crane on the roof of the building to be demolished, the work at the time of demolition can be made efficient, and the generation of noise and dust can be prevented by the shield covering the demolished floor.
JP 2002-349079 A

  However, since the guide strut used in this dismantling method is a long extension of one H-shaped steel, it is erected and extended while fixing the guide strut to the steel frame of the building to maintain the strength in the horizontal direction. It was necessary to do it, and the work was very troublesome. In addition, in order to obtain the reaction force necessary for raising and lowering the shield, a pulley is provided at the upper end of the guide post, and a winch wire for raising and lowering the shield was hung there. Or, every time it was shortened, it was necessary to fix the shield to the building, loosen the wire and remove the pulley, which was also time-consuming.

  In urban areas, it is required to finish dismantling in as short a construction period as possible, taking into account the effects on adjacent buildings and surrounding traffic, and the construction plans for newly built buildings on the site of dismantling. However, if a high-rise building is demolished using these conventional methods, there are no examples of demolishing a super-high-rise building, but the above-described labor-intensive high-place work becomes a burden, and the construction period Will affect you.

  An object of the present invention is to dismantle a super high-rise building exceeding 60 m in a short construction period while taking advantage of the conventional method that does not require the use of large heavy machinery and the entire surface curing of the building and can also prevent the generation of noise and dust. It is to provide a method for dismantling a skyscraper that can be done.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a method for dismantling a super high-rise building, wherein a plurality of masts are erected at predetermined intervals around the super high-rise building, and the mast is attached to the mast. An extension / shortening means is installed, and a shield capable of moving up and down with the mast as a guide and capable of transporting a dismantling machine is assembled so as to surround the skyscraper at the height of the ground or the lower floor of the skyscraper, By connecting a mast member to the mast by mast extension / shortening means, the mast is extended upward in order, and the shield is raised while carrying the demolition machine to wrap the top floor of the skyscraper building Enclose, move the demolition machine from the shield to the skyscraper, sequentially dismantle from the top floor to the lower floor of the skyscraper, and each time the floor to be demolished moves down, the shield is sequentially under Surrounds wrapped around the story to be the disassembled by, characterized by shortening the mast by removing the mast member from said mast by said mast extension-shortening means.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the dismantling method of the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein a crane capable of moving up and down with the mast as a guide is installed above the shield as the mast extending / shortening means. The mast member is connected to the upper end of the mast by the crane to extend the mast upward to raise the crane, tow the crane to raise the shield, and to disassemble the floor When moving to, the shield is lowered, the crane is lowered, and the mast is shortened by removing the mast member from the upper end of the mast by the crane.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the dismantling method of the high-rise building according to claim 2, wherein the towing from the crane is performed by a winch provided between the crane and the shield. Features.

  Invention of Claim 4 is the dismantling method of the high-rise building of Claim 2 or 3, Comprising: Towing | pulling from the said crane is controlled by an electronic control means, Between the said crane and the said shield. The shield is moved up and down horizontally while maintaining an optimum interval for transporting the dismantling machine.

The invention according to claim 5 is the method for demolishing a high-rise building according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the demolition machine is transported by the shield in a horizontal direction from the shield. The dismantling machine is loaded on the stage.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is the method for dismantling a high-rise building according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the mast is provided with an elevator that moves the mast up and down for guidance.

The invention according to claim 7 is the method for demolishing a high-rise building according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the waste material generated during the demolishing of the super-high-rise building is generated from a shaft of the super-high-rise building. It is characterized by being lowered.

  According to the present invention, the mast that is stronger than the H-shaped steel is used for the guide column and the shield and the dismantling machine are moved up and down, so the work of fixing the guide column to the building can be reduced. In addition, if a mechanism that obtains a propulsive force that moves the shield up and down by using the operation of the mast extension / shortening means, it is not necessary to perform extra work such as changing the pulley every time the mast is extended. You can speed up. Therefore, even a super high-rise building exceeding 60 m can be demolished in a short construction period.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a method for dismantling a skyscraper to which the present invention is applied. 1 is a skyscraper, 2 is a mast, 3 is a crane that is a mast extension / shortening means, 4 is a shield, 5 is a demolition machine, 6 is an elevator.

  The high-rise building 1 is a building whose height exceeds 60 m. A shaft 11 is provided in the vicinity of the center so as to penetrate up to the roof in the vertical direction.

  Two masts 2 are erected vertically on each wall surface of the super high-rise building 1 at a predetermined interval. The mast 2 is configured by adding a plurality of mast members 21. The mast 2 is used as a guide when the crane 3, the shield 4, and the elevator 6 described later are moved up and down.

  One crane 3 is arranged on each wall surface of the high-rise building 1 so as to be sandwiched between two masts 2. Since the lifting capacity of the crane 3 is sufficient if the mast member 21 can be lifted by one unit, a small crane 3 may be used. Further, the crane 3 is provided with a lifting mechanism (not shown), and the mast 2 can be lifted and lowered with a guide.

  The shield 4 is composed of a wall 41 that surrounds and heals each floor to be demolished of the high-rise building 1, a plate-like stage 42 on which the demolition machine 5 is loaded, and a winch 43 for raising and lowering itself. It is arranged below the crane 3. The shield 4 can slide up and down with the mast 2 as a guide. The wall 41 is about two floors high in the super high-rise building 1 and is assembled in a shape substantially along the wall surface of the high-rise building 1 and serves as a soundproof panel that blocks noise during dismantling. The stage 42 is provided so as to protrude horizontally and outward from the upper end portion of the wall portion 41. The stage 42 only needs to have a size on which the demolition machine 5 can be loaded and a winch 43 described later can be installed.

  The demolition machine 5 refers to a small crane vehicle, a concrete cutter, a glass adsorption robot, a work table, a support work, a concrete crusher, or the like.

  The elevator 6 is installed below the shield 4 after the shield 4 is raised to a certain height, and moves up and down between the ground and the shield 4 using the mast 2 as a guide. Used to carry out other interior materials.

  As shown in FIG. 5, winches 43 used for raising and lowering the shield 4 are provided on both sides of the stage 42. The wire 43d extending from the winch 43 is wound between the upper pulley 43b on the crane 3 side and the lower pulley 43c on the winch side, and the force applied to the wire 43d is reduced by the principle of a moving pulley. Therefore, the motor 43a, which is the power of the winch, does not need to have a high output, and it is sufficient if the winch 43 is a small one.

  The winch 43 is connected to measuring means such as a load cell 43f and a lift gauge 43e, and electronic control means such as a PC (not shown) so as to be controlled centrally. By such a mechanism, the shield 4 can be moved up and down horizontally and can be accurately stopped at a predetermined position.

Next, the disassembly procedure in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, one crane 3 is installed below each wall surface of the skyscraper 1 to be demolished, and the mast 2 is erected on both sides. When the mast 2 has been installed on each wall to the height of the second and third floors of the super high-rise building 1, the lifting mechanism (not shown) of the crane 3 is operated to raise the crane 3 using the mast 2 as a guide.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the crane 3 is raised to the height of the second to third floors, the wall portion 41 of the shield 4 is assembled so as to surround the lower portion of the high-rise building 1 and the mast 2. When the wall 41 is assembled, a plate-like stage 42 is attached to the upper end of the wall 41 and the lower part is reinforced with a support member. A winch 43 is attached to both sides of the upper surface of the stage 42, and an upper pulley 43 b is attached to the lower surface of the crane 3. Then, a wire 43 d extending from the winch 43 is hung on the upper pulley 43 b so that the shield 4 is suspended from the crane 3. Thereafter, the necessary number of dismantling machines 5 are loaded on the stage 42.

  When the preparation so far is completed, the mast member 21 is lifted from the ground by the crane 3 and further added to the upper end of the mast 2 as shown in FIG. Each time the mast member 21 is added, the crane 3 is raised. When the crane 3 is raised to a predetermined position, the crane 3 is fixed so as not to move from that position, and the wire is wound up by the winch 43. Then, the shield 4 is pulled from the crane 3 fixed to the mast 2 and starts to rise.

  As described above, since the shield 4 is pulled up by the wire 43d from the crane 3 located above the shield 4, the means for obtaining a reaction force for raising and lowering the shield needs to be provided at the upper end of the mast 2. The mast member 21 can be easily added.

  The mast 2 is added, the crane 3 is raised, and the operation of the winch 43 is sequentially repeated. As a result, the shield 4 rises, and the dismantling machine 5 loaded on the shield 4 is conveyed upward.

  When the mast 2 becomes longer, reinforcement is performed to prevent the mast 2 from falling down. Since the mast 2 has a sufficiently strong steel truss structure, it is sufficient to attach a simple support member (not shown) between the wall surface of the high-rise building 1 and the mast 2 at an interval of a few dozen meters. There is no need to do big things such as fixing the whole to the steel frame of the building.

  When the addition of the mast 2 proceeds and the shield 4 reaches a certain height, the elevator 6 is installed below the shield 4. Since the elevator 6 is of a type that moves up and down the mast 2 as a guide, there is no need to provide a new guide for the elevator 6.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, the mast 2 is added to the point where it protrudes several meters above the rooftop of the high-rise building 1, and the crane 3 is also guided by the protruding mast 2 and the rooftop of the high-rise building 1. It rises to a position several meters above. Further, the shield 4 reaches the top floor of the high-rise building 1, and the upper surface of the stage 42 is at a height substantially equal to the rooftop of the high-rise building 1. Then, a scaffold is passed between the stage 42 and the skyscraper 1, and the dismantling machine 5 is moved to the roof of the skyscraper 1.

  Unlike the lower part, the mast 2 protruding upward cannot be supported directly from the wall surface. As described above, the dismantling machine 5 is transported between the crane 3 and the shield 4 by the electronic control means for controlling the winch 43. The minimum necessary distance is maintained, and the mast 2 does not open too much. Therefore, the protruding length of the mast 2 can be set to the shortest length that can be supported by a simple support member, and the support means is also simple. That's it.

  The cutting and crushing of concrete and reinforcing bars by the demolition machine 5 and the movement to the lower floor of the demolition machine may be performed using conventional methods, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  Waste material generated during dismantling can be reduced to the ground by using the shaft 11 inside the high-rise building 1 to suppress the generation of noise and dust, and it is necessary to provide a chute for waste material discharge outside the high-rise building 1 It is possible to dismantle safely and efficiently. The shaft 11 does not need to be newly provided at the time of disassembly, and a shaft provided from the beginning such as an elevator shaft may be used.

  When dismantling of the top floor is completed, the winch 43 is moved in the opposite direction to when it is lifted to extend the wire and lower the shield 4 to the next dismantling floor. When the shield 4 reaches a predetermined position, the crane 3 is then lowered. Since the upper end portion of the mast 2 after the crane 3 is lowered becomes unnecessary, the mast member 21 is removed from the upper end portion of the mast 2 by the crane 3 and lowered to the ground.

  The shield 4 is lowered by repeating the operation of the winch 43, the lowering of the crane 3, and the removal of the mast member 21 a predetermined number of times. Before the shield 4 reaches the ground, it is removed when the elevator 6 is no longer needed.

  When the shield 4 returns to the ground, the first floor portion of the super high-rise building 1 and the underground are demolished as necessary. When the last waste material is carried out and there is no worry about generation of noise or dust, the shield 4 is disassembled, the crane 3 is lowered from the mast 2, and the last mast is removed. This completes a series of dismantling operations.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6 shows a form different from the first embodiment in the method of dismantling a super high-rise building to which the present invention is applied, and 7 is a jack which is a mast extending / shortening means.

  In the second embodiment, there are two major changes from the first embodiment. The first is that the jack 7 is used instead of the crane 3 as the mast extending / shortening means. Second, the shield 4 and the mast 2 are fixed, and the winch 43 is not used. The manner of extending and shortening the mast 2 and raising and lowering the shield 4 will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the jack 7 includes a box-shaped main body 71 in which the mast member 21 can be taken in and out, a hydraulic cylinder 72a installed on both sides of the main body 71, and a vertical direction from the inside. The piston 72b extends and contracts, and is attached to the upper end of the piston 72b, and is formed of a square-shaped frame portion 73 that supports the mast 2 housed inside the main body 71 by support means (not shown).

Next, the disassembling procedure in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 8, in the ground portion around the high-rise building 1, a jack 7 is previously installed at a place where the mast 2 is erected, and a short mast 2 in which about two mast members 21 are connected to a main body 71. The upper portion of the mast 2 is supported by the frame portion 73. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the piston 72b is extended from the hydraulic cylinder 72a to raise the frame 73, the mast 2 also rises and floats in the air. A new mast member 21 is inserted there, and the mast member 21 is added to the lower end of the mast 2 as shown in FIG.

  By sequentially raising the mast 2 and connecting the mast member 21, the mast 2 is extended upward. In this embodiment, since the winch 43 is not used, the mast 2 can be extended and the shield 4 can be raised more easily.

  When the mast 2 is erected to the height of 2 to 3 floors, the shield 4 is assembled. In the first embodiment, the assembly is performed on the ground, but in the present embodiment, the assembly is performed near the second and third floors as shown in FIG. 9 due to the position of the jack. Other than the above-described changes, the specifications such as the shape are the same as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, since the inside of the wall portion 41 of the shield 4 and the upper portion of the mast 2 are fixed, when the mast 2 is lifted and lowered by the jack 7, the shield 4 is also lifted and lowered according to the movement of the mast 2. It has become.

  When the dismantling floor is moved down, if the mast member 21 is removed from the lower end of the mast 2 and the mast 2 is lowered by the jack 7, the shield 4 is lowered.

In the above embodiment, the means for raising and lowering the shield is a winch, the dismantling machine is loaded on the stage and transported, and the path for carrying out the waste material is the shaft, but the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the actuator may be moved up and down using another actuator, the dismantling machine may be housed in a shield, or a carrying means may be provided outside the building.
Further, the number of masts, the number of stages and elevators, etc. are arbitrary, and it is needless to say that other specific detailed structures can be changed as appropriate.

  Furthermore, the mast, the mast extending / shortening means, and the shield used in the present invention can be further expanded in use, and can be used, for example, when reforming a wall surface of a building.

It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a front view which shows the structure of the winch used for this invention. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the jack used for this invention. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

1 High-rise building 11 Shaft 2 Mast 21 Mast member 3 Crane (mast extension means)
4 Shield 41 Wall 42 Stage 43 Winch 43a Motor 43b Upper pulley 43c Lower pulley 43d Wire 43e Lift gauge 43f Load cell 5 Demolition machine 6 Elevator 7 Jack (mast extension means)
71 Body 72a Hydraulic cylinder 72b Piston 73 Frame

Claims (7)

A plurality of masts are erected around the skyscraper at predetermined intervals, and mast extension / shortening means are installed on the mast. Or assembled to surround the skyscraper at the height of the lower floor of the skyscraper,
By connecting a mast member to the mast by the mast extending / shortening means, the mast is sequentially extended upward, and the shield is raised while carrying the demolition machine, so that the uppermost floor of the super high-rise building is Envelop,
Move the demolition machine from the shield to the skyscraper, sequentially disassemble from the top floor to the floor below the skyscraper, and lower the shield sequentially each time the floor to be demolished moves downward A method of demolishing a high-rise building, wherein the mast is shortened by wrapping around the floor to be demolished and removing the mast member from the mast by the mast extending / shortening means. As the mast extending / shortening means, a crane that can be moved up and down to guide the mast is installed above the shield, and the mast is extended upward by connecting the mast member to the upper end of the mast by the crane. And lift the crane, pull the crane to lift the shield,
The mast is shortened by lowering the shield, lowering the crane, and removing the mast member from the upper end of the mast by the crane when the floor to be demolished moves downward. A method for dismantling a high-rise building as described in 1.   The method of dismantling a high-rise building according to claim 2, wherein the towing from the crane is performed by a winch provided between the crane and the shield.   The traction from the crane is controlled by electronic control means, and the shield is moved up and down horizontally while maintaining an optimum distance between the crane and the shield for transporting the dismantling machine. Item 4. A method for dismantling a skyscraper according to item 2 or 3. The super-high layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dismantling machine is transported by the shield by loading the dismantling machine on a stage that protrudes horizontally from the shield. Building demolition method. The method for dismantling a super high-rise building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mast includes an elevator that moves the mast up and down to guide the mast . The method for dismantling a super high-rise building according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein waste materials generated during the dismantling of the super high-rise building are lowered from a shaft of the super high-rise building.

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