JP5330165B2 - Water purification material, water purification body using the same, and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Water purification material, water purification body using the same, and construction method thereof Download PDF

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JP5330165B2
JP5330165B2 JP2009204695A JP2009204695A JP5330165B2 JP 5330165 B2 JP5330165 B2 JP 5330165B2 JP 2009204695 A JP2009204695 A JP 2009204695A JP 2009204695 A JP2009204695 A JP 2009204695A JP 5330165 B2 JP5330165 B2 JP 5330165B2
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water purification
water
porous concrete
porous
filter medium
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JP2011050927A (en
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真一 大谷
文夫 金子
佳人 酒井
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Taisei Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description

本発明は、河川や農業用水路などの有水箇所に設置する水質浄化材、及びそれを用いた水質浄化体とその構築方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a water purification material installed in a water-containing location such as a river or an agricultural waterway, a water quality purification body using the same, and a construction method thereof.

河川や農業用水路などの水質浄化の為に、炭などの濾過材を水底に敷き詰めることが知られている。
特許文献１は、無機質発泡体と炭とを混合してなる軽量コンクリートに係る発明であり、当該発明によれば、保水性、水質浄化能力、脱臭力を高め、緑化基盤材として利用できる点が記載されている。
特許文献２は、通水性を有する短管と濾材とが包装容器内で混在している水質浄化嚢に係る発明であり、当該発明によれば、水質浄化・水際の防護など、水質浄化資材と、工事資材とを兼ねることができる点が記載されている。 It is known to spread charcoal and other filter media on the bottom of the water for purification of water quality in rivers and agricultural canals.
Patent Document 1 is an invention related to a lightweight concrete formed by mixing an inorganic foam and charcoal. According to the invention, water retention, water purification ability, deodorizing power can be improved, and it can be used as a greening base material. Have been described.
Patent Document 2 is an invention relating to a water purification sac in which a short tube having water permeability and a filter medium are mixed in a packaging container. According to the invention, the water purification material such as water purification and waterfront protection The point that it can also be used as construction material is described.

特許３２２７５７０号公報Japanese Patent No. 3227570 特開２００５−６０１７７号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-60177

しかし、各特許文献に記載の発明は、以下の様な欠点を有する。
（１）特許文献１に係る発明では、当該発明に係る軽量コンクリートを新たに製造する必要が有り、既存のコンクリートを流用できない。また、製造コストも高いことから、経済性が非常に悪い。
（２）特許文献２に係る発明では、短管と濾材とを包装容器内で不規則に混在させておくことが前提であるため、各水質浄化嚢によって濾過性能、重心位置、水流への干渉度合い、変形自由度等の特性が異なることとなり、品質が安定せず、また施工時の取り扱い性も悪い。 However, the invention described in each patent document has the following drawbacks.
(1) In the invention which concerns on patent document 1, it is necessary to manufacture the lightweight concrete which concerns on the said invention newly, and existing concrete cannot be diverted. Moreover, since the manufacturing cost is high, the economic efficiency is very bad.
(2) The invention according to Patent Document 2 is based on the premise that the short tube and the filter medium are irregularly mixed in the packaging container. The characteristics such as the degree and the degree of deformation are different, the quality is not stable, and the handling property at the time of construction is also poor.

上記課題を解決すべくなされた本願発明は、濾過材と、複数のポーラスコンクリートを夫々間隔を設けて略並列に連結してなる重量物とを通水性を備えた袋材に内包してなる、水質浄化材を提供することをその要旨とするものである。
前記発明では、ポーラスコンクリートを中実の長手部材とし、前記濾過材を粒状の木炭とすることができる。 The present invention, which was made to solve the above problems, is formed by enclosing a filter material and a plurality of porous concretes in a bag material having water permeability through a heavy load formed by connecting them in parallel approximately at intervals. The gist is to provide a water purification material.
In the said invention, porous concrete can be made into a solid longitudinal member, and the said filter medium can be made into granular charcoal.

また、本願発明は、前記水質浄化材を有水箇所に単一又は複数配してなる水質浄化体を提供することをその要旨とするものである。
前記発明では、各水質浄化材におけるポーラスコンクリートを平面視して互いに交差するように積層しておくこともできる。 In addition, the gist of the present invention is to provide a water purification body in which the water purification material is arranged in a single or a plurality of locations with water.
In the said invention, the porous concrete in each water purification material can also be laminated | stacked so that it may mutually cross in planar view.

また、本願発明は、濾過材と複数のポーラスコンクリートを夫々間隔を設けて略並列に連結してなる重量物とを通水性を備えた袋材に内包してなる水質浄化材を、有水箇所に少なくとも一つ以上設置してなる、水質浄化体の構築方法を提供することをその要旨とするものである。   The present invention also relates to a water purification material comprising a filter material and a plurality of porous concretes in a bag material having water permeability and a heavy article formed by connecting them substantially in parallel with each other at intervals. The gist of the invention is to provide a method for constructing a water purification body, wherein at least one is installed.

本願発明によれば、下記の効果のうち、少なくとも一つを得ることができる。
（１）ポーラスコンクリートが敷設後の錘りとして機能するため、設置後の安定性が高く、杭などで別途固定する必要も生じないため、工期・工費の面で経済的である。
（２）ポーラスコンクリートが好気性微生物及び嫌気性微生物の混在環境を形成するため、濾過材による水質浄化機能に加え、更なる水質浄化機能を付与することができる。
（３）複数のポーラスコンクリートを略並列に間隔を設けて連結して内包することにより、各水質浄化材間における濾過材及びポーラスコンクリートの配置形態がほぼ同様となり、重心の偏りが生じにくく、運搬性並びに設置安定性が向上する。
（４）複数のポーラスコンクリートを略並列に間隔を設けて連結することにより、ポーラスコンクリートの長手方向に対して水流が誘導されやすく、水流制御が容易となる。
（５）濾過材に木炭を用いた場合、木炭表面に付着するバクテリアに水中の有機物を分解させ、さらに該バクテリアを原生動物の飼料とすることで食物連鎖を活性化し、更なる水質浄化を行うことができる。
（６）水質浄化材に係るポーラスコンクリートを交差するように積層敷設することで、構造体としての安定性が更に向上する。
（７）水質浄化材に係るポーラスコンクリートを交差するように積層敷設することで、平面方向及び上下方向に対して濾過材とポーラスコンクリートが均一分布することとなり、水の抜け（通り）がより向上することとなる。すなわち、水質浄化材内部の水の滞留を低減し、恒常的な水質浄化を行うことができる。
（８）簡易な構造であるため、専門的な技能が無くとも水質浄化材の自作や内包物の交換等の作業を容易に行うことができる。 According to the present invention, at least one of the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since porous concrete functions as a weight after laying, stability after installation is high, and there is no need to fix it separately with a pile or the like, so it is economical in terms of construction period and construction cost.
(2) Since the porous concrete forms a mixed environment of aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms, in addition to the water purification function by the filter medium, a further water purification function can be imparted.
(3) By connecting a plurality of porous concretes in parallel and spaced apart, the filter medium and porous concrete are arranged in substantially the same manner between the water purification materials, and the center of gravity is less likely to be biased. And installation stability are improved.
(4) By connecting a plurality of porous concretes at intervals in parallel, water flow is easily induced in the longitudinal direction of the porous concrete, and water flow control is facilitated.
(5) When charcoal is used as a filter medium, bacteria attached to the charcoal surface decompose organic substances in water, and the bacteria are used as a protozoan feed to activate the food chain and further purify water. be able to.
(6) Stability as a structure is further improved by laying and laminating porous concrete related to the water purification material so as to intersect.
(7) By laminating the porous concrete related to the water purification material so as to cross each other, the filter medium and the porous concrete are uniformly distributed in the plane direction and the vertical direction, and the water drainage (street) is further improved. Will be. That is, it is possible to reduce the stagnation of water inside the water purification material and perform constant water purification.
(8) Since it has a simple structure, it is possible to easily carry out operations such as making a water purification material or exchanging inclusions without special skills.

本願発明に係る水質浄化材の構成を示す概略斜視図The schematic perspective view which shows the structure of the water purification material which concerns on this invention 本願発明に係る水質浄化材の設置形態を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the installation form of the water purification material which concerns on this invention 本願発明に係る水質浄化材のその他の設置形態を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the other installation form of the water purification material which concerns on this invention

以下、図面を参照しながら、本願発明の実施例について説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

＜１＞全体の構成
図１は、本願発明に係る水質浄化材の構成を示す概略斜視図である。
水質浄化材Ａは、濾過材２と、複数のポーラスコンクリート１１を夫々間隔を設けて略並列に連結してなる重量物１と、（以下、単に「内包物」という。）を袋材３に内包して形成する。
前記水質浄化材Ａは、上記構成によって土嚢形状やマット形状を呈することとなる。
前記水質浄化材Ａを河川や農業用水路、貯水池などの有水箇所に単一或いは複数敷設することにより、水質浄化体Ｂなる構造体を構築する（図２参照）。 <1> Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of a water purification material according to the present invention.
The water purification material A includes a filtering material 2, a heavy object 1 formed by connecting a plurality of porous concretes 11 in parallel at intervals, and a bag material 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as “inclusion”). Encapsulate and form.
The said water purification material A will exhibit a sandbag shape or a mat | matte shape by the said structure.
A single structure or a plurality of the water purification material A is laid in a water-containing location such as a river, an agricultural waterway, or a reservoir to construct a structure that is a water purification body B (see FIG. 2).

＜２＞袋材
袋材３は、ポーラスコンクリート１１からなる重量物１と濾過材２とを内包するための材料である。
袋材３は、通水性（透水性）を備えた材料から構成してあることを要する。
袋材３の形状は、袋状、籠状、その他の形状、或いはそれらの組合せ等から適宜選択することができる。
袋材３の材質や厚さは、前記内包物との接触や該内包物の重量によって破断しない程度の強度を有するようにしてあることが望ましい。
本実施例においては、網目が４ｍｍ程度であって、４００ｍｍ×６００ｍｍのポリエチレン製の袋を用いるものとする。 <2> Bag Material The bag material 3 is a material for enclosing the heavy material 1 made of porous concrete 11 and the filter material 2.
The bag material 3 needs to be comprised from the material provided with water permeability (water permeability).
The shape of the bag material 3 can be appropriately selected from a bag shape, a bowl shape, other shapes, or combinations thereof.
It is desirable that the material and thickness of the bag material 3 have such a strength that the bag material 3 does not break due to contact with the inclusion or the weight of the inclusion.
In the present embodiment, a polyethylene bag having a mesh size of about 4 mm and 400 mm × 600 mm is used.

＜３＞濾過材
濾過材２は、水を濾過するための材料である。
濾過材２は、天然の無機材料・天然の有機材料・合成系の無機材料・合成系の有機材料を用いることができる。具体的には、ゼオライト・砕石・鉱石・砂利・活性炭・シリカ・木炭・石炭・木屑（木片）・植物繊維・イオン交換樹 脂・その他公知や周知の材料、或いはそれらの組合せを任意に選択することができる。
濾過材２は、前記袋材３の網目を通過しない程度の大きさの塊状或いは粒状を呈するようにしておくことを要する。本実施例においては、直径５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度の粒炭を用いるものとする。
濾過材２に木炭を用いる際には、間伐材の林地残材等から作った清浄な炭を用いることが望ましい。
濾過材２を軟質の木炭で構成すれば、設置後に農地の土壌改良にも使用できる点で有効である。 <3> Filter medium The filter medium 2 is a material for filtering water.
The filter medium 2 may be a natural inorganic material, a natural organic material, a synthetic inorganic material, or a synthetic organic material. Specifically, zeolite, crushed stone, ore, gravel, activated carbon, silica, charcoal, coal, wood chips (wood fragments), plant fiber, ion-exchange resin, other well-known or well-known materials, or a combination thereof is arbitrarily selected. be able to.
The filter medium 2 needs to be in the form of a lump or a particle having a size that does not pass through the mesh of the bag material 3. In this embodiment, granulated coal having a diameter of about 5 mm to 10 mm is used.
When charcoal is used for the filter medium 2, it is desirable to use clean charcoal made from thinned forest residue.
If the filter medium 2 is made of soft charcoal, it is effective in that it can be used for soil improvement of farmland after installation.

＜４＞重量物
重量物１は、ある程度の重量を有することで、水質浄化材Ａが水流等によって流れることを防止するための部材である。
重量物１は、複数のポーラスコンクリート１１を夫々間隔を設けて配置し、前記ポーラスコンクリートを連結材１２でもって略並列に連結して構成する。 <4> Heavy Object The heavy object 1 is a member for preventing the water purification material A from flowing due to a water flow or the like by having a certain weight.
The heavy object 1 is configured by arranging a plurality of porous concretes 11 at intervals, and connecting the porous concretes in substantially parallel with a connecting material 12.

＜４−１＞ポーラスコンクリート
ポーラスコンクリート１１は、内部に空隙を多く含む透水性の高い多孔質性のコンクリートである。
ポーラスコンクリート１１の形状には、筒状、管状、中実の棒状、その他周知の形状を採用することができる。ポーラスコンクリート１１を中実の棒状とすれば、筒状で構成する場合よりも同容積でより高重量とすることができることから、錘りとしての機能を達成し易い点で有効である。
ポーラスコンクリート１１の外面は、前記袋材３を破断させないように鋭利な部分を設けないように構成しておくことが望ましい。 <4-1> Porous Concrete Porous concrete 11 is porous concrete having high water permeability and containing many voids inside.
As the shape of the porous concrete 11, a cylindrical shape, a tubular shape, a solid rod shape, or other known shapes can be adopted. If the porous concrete 11 is in the form of a solid bar, it can be made heavier with the same volume than the case of being formed in a cylindrical shape, which is effective in that the function as a weight is easily achieved.
It is desirable that the outer surface of the porous concrete 11 is configured not to have a sharp portion so as not to break the bag material 3.

＜４−２＞連結材
連結材１２は、ポーラスコンクリート１１同士を連結する部材である。
連結材１２には、麻ロープなどの周知の紐部材或いは長尺部材を用いることができる。前記紐部材１２同士を結んでポーラスコンクリート１１同士を繋げることにより、重量物１を構成する。
連結材１２を袋材３の内面にも連結すれば、ポーラスコンクリート１１は水質浄化材Ａの内部においてより確実に位置決めされる。 <4-2> Connecting Material The connecting material 12 is a member that connects the porous concrete 11 to each other.
For the connecting member 12, a well-known string member such as a hemp rope or a long member can be used. The heavy article 1 is formed by connecting the string members 12 to each other and connecting the porous concrete 11 to each other.
If the connecting material 12 is also connected to the inner surface of the bag material 3, the porous concrete 11 is more reliably positioned inside the water purification material A.

＜４−３＞重量物の寸法
重量物１の寸法は、前記袋材３に内包できる程度の大きさであることを要する。
本実施例においては、ポーラスコンクリート１１に直径６０ｍｍ、長さ５００ｍｍ程度の棒状の部材を用い、前記ポーラスコンクリート１１を連結材１２によって４本連結したものを重量物１とすることで、先に説明した袋材３からはみ出さずに内包することができる。 <4-3> Dimensions of heavy item The size of the heavy item 1 needs to be large enough to be included in the bag material 3.
In the present embodiment, a rod-shaped member having a diameter of about 60 mm and a length of about 500 mm is used as the porous concrete 11, and the porous concrete 11 is connected by four connecting members 12 to be a heavy object 1. It can enclose without protruding from the bag material 3 which was done.

＜４−４＞ポーラスコンクリート連結の効果
前記重量物１によれば、袋材３に内包された各ポーラスコンクリート１１が略均等に配置することとなる。そのため、水質浄化材Ａにおける重心位置が極端に偏心することがない。
また、各水質浄化材Ａ同士においても重心が極端にずれることが無く、設置後の安定性がより高まることとなる。
また、各ポーラスコンクリート１１の長手方向に水流が誘導され易くなるため、水流制御が容易となる。 <4-4> Effect of Porous Concrete Connection According to the heavy article 1, the porous concrete 11 included in the bag material 3 is arranged substantially evenly. Therefore, the position of the center of gravity of the water purification material A is not extremely decentered.
In addition, the center of gravity does not shift extremely between the water purification materials A, and the stability after installation is further increased.
Moreover, since a water flow becomes easy to be induced | guided | derived to the longitudinal direction of each porous concrete 11, water flow control becomes easy.

＜５＞水質浄化体
水質浄化体Ｂとは、水路等の有水箇所に水質浄化材Ａを単一又は複数設置してなる構造体である。
＜５−１＞構築方法
図２は、本願発明に係る水質浄化材Ａを、農業用水路に設置した場合の一形態を示す断面図である。
水路の水量が少ない箇所においては、前記水質浄化材Ａを連続して底面に敷設するか、或いは互いにある程度間隔を設けて敷設（図２（ａ））したり、反対に水量が多い箇所においては、水路の側壁に沿って積層するように敷設（図２（ｂ））することによって、水質浄化体Ｂを構築する。
なお、水質浄化材Ａを人力によって設置する場合には、運搬性を確保すべく総重量の上限を１５ｋｇ程度としておくことが望ましい。 <5> Water purification body Water purification body B is a structure formed by installing a single or a plurality of water purification materials A in a water-containing location such as a water channel.
<5-1> Construction Method FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment when the water purification material A according to the present invention is installed in an agricultural waterway.
In places where the amount of water in the water channel is small, the water purification material A is continuously laid on the bottom surface, or laid at a certain distance from each other (FIG. 2 (a)), and on the contrary, in places where the amount of water is large The water purification body B is constructed by laying so as to be laminated along the side wall of the water channel (FIG. 2B).
In addition, when installing the water purification material A by human power, it is desirable to set the upper limit of total weight to about 15 kg in order to ensure transportability.

＜５−２＞水質浄化体の機能・作用
前記水質浄化体Ｂに流れ込んだ水は、濾過材２及びポーラスコンクリート１１内部の空隙による吸着性によって浄化されることとなる。
前記ポーラスコンクリート１１は、更に好気性・嫌気性微生物の生育環境として適しているため、先の重量物１としての錘り機能を発揮するだけでなく、当該微生物による水質浄化機能も発揮する。
そして、前記水質浄化体Ｂは十分な重量を有するため、杭などの固定具による水路底面への固定が不要であり、水路の異常出水等の水流によって水質浄化材Ａが崩れたり、流れ出すことも無い。 <5-2> Functions and Actions of Water Purification Body The water that has flowed into the water purification body B is purified by the adsorptivity by the gaps in the filter medium 2 and the porous concrete 11.
Since the porous concrete 11 is more suitable as a growth environment for aerobic / anaerobic microorganisms, the porous concrete 11 exhibits not only a weight function as the previous heavy object 1 but also a water purification function by the microorganisms.
And since the said water purification body B has sufficient weight, fixation to the bottom of a water channel by fixing tools, such as a pile, is unnecessary, and the water purification material A may collapse or flow out by water flows, such as abnormal water discharge of a water channel. No.

以上の通り、水質浄化材Ａ及び水質浄化体Ｂは、濾過材２及びポーラスコンクリート１１の吸着性による浄化作用と、ポーラスコンクリート内の微生物による浄化作用を同時に達成することができ、更に前記ポーラスコンクリート１１からなる重量物１の重量によって水質浄化材Ａが水流によって流されることも無い、という効果を得ることができる。   As described above, the water purification material A and the water purification body B can simultaneously achieve the purification action by the adsorptivity of the filter medium 2 and the porous concrete 11 and the purification action by microorganisms in the porous concrete. The effect that the water purification material A is not poured by the water flow by the weight of the heavy object 1 consisting of 11 can be obtained.

＜１＞水質浄化材の格子状配置
水質浄化材Ａは、ポーラスコンクリート１１を交差するように積層敷設して構成することもできる。
図３は、本願発明に係る水質浄化材Ａを、農業用水路に設置した場合のその他の形態を示す断面図である。
上記の構成とすることで、水質浄化体Ａがポーラスコンクリートによる格子構造を呈することとなるため、構造物としての設置安定性が向上する。
また、水が一部に滞留しにくい構造となり、信頼性の高い水質浄化機能が得られる。 <1> Grid-like Arrangement of Water Purification Material The water purification material A can be constructed by laminating and laying so as to intersect the porous concrete 11.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment when the water purification material A according to the present invention is installed in an agricultural waterway.
By setting it as said structure, since the water purification body A will exhibit the lattice structure by porous concrete, the installation stability as a structure improves.
In addition, a structure in which water does not easily stay in a part is obtained, and a highly reliable water purification function is obtained.

＜１＞ポーラスコンクリートの内包例
水質浄化材Ａは、ポーラスコンクリート１１を上下に積層したものを重量物１として、一つの袋材３に内包して構成することもできる。
また、前記重量物１を構成するポーラスコンクリート１１同士を交差するように上下に積層して一つの袋材３に内包することもできる。 <1> Example of inclusion of porous concrete The water purification material A can be configured by enclosing a porous material 11 in a single bag material 3 as a heavy article 1 obtained by stacking porous concrete 11 vertically.
Moreover, the porous concrete 11 which comprises the said heavy article 1 can also be laminated | stacked up and down so that it may cross | intersect, and it can also be included in the one bag material 3. FIG.

１ 重量物
１１ ポーラスコンクリート
１２ 連結材
２ 濾過材
３ 袋材
Ａ 水質浄化材
Ｂ 水質浄化体 1 Heavy Material 11 Porous Concrete 12 Connecting Material 2 Filter Material 3 Bag Material A Water Purification Material B Water Purification Body

Claims (1)

塊状或いは粒状の濾過材と、複数のポーラスコンクリートからなる長手部材を夫々間隔を設けて略並列に連結してなる重量物と、
を通水性を備えた袋材に内包してなる、水質浄化材。 A massive material formed by connecting a massive or granular filter medium and a plurality of longitudinal members made of porous concrete approximately parallel to each other at intervals,
A water purification material that is encased in a water-permeable bag.
JP2009204695A 2009-09-04 2009-09-04 Water purification material, water purification body using the same, and construction method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP5330165B2 (en)

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Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03262598A (en) * 1990-03-13 1991-11-22 Onoda Cement Co Ltd Block for purifying water channel and purifying method of water channel
JP2664334B2 (en) * 1993-12-27 1997-10-15 株式会社 東洋エコ・リサーチ Purification equipment
JPH09253674A (en) * 1996-03-27 1997-09-30 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd Method and apparatus for clarification of water quality of stream
JPH09327698A (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-22 Toyo Denka Kogyo Kk Filter medium for water treatment and method for water treatment
JPH1193134A (en) * 1997-09-24 1999-04-06 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Water purification blocks
JP3227570B2 (en) * 1997-11-17 2001-11-12 五十嵐 宏 Water purification bag
JP3779567B2 (en) * 2001-07-17 2006-05-31 東洋建設株式会社 Underwater structure using microbial carrier unit
JP3092084U (en) * 2002-08-13 2003-02-28 株式会社シモムラ Wastewater purifier that reuses ALC version waste material
JP2004298757A (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-28 Kawai Hiryo Kk Water clarification implement

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