JP5327077B2 - Rolling bearing unit for wheel support with encoder - Google Patents

Rolling bearing unit for wheel support with encoder Download PDF

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JP5327077B2
JP5327077B2 JP2010014634A JP2010014634A JP5327077B2 JP 5327077 B2 JP5327077 B2 JP 5327077B2 JP 2010014634 A JP2010014634 A JP 2010014634A JP 2010014634 A JP2010014634 A JP 2010014634A JP 5327077 B2 JP5327077 B2 JP 5327077B2
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encoder
outer ring
axial direction
cover
inner end
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JP2010190421A (en
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正人 永野
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/723—Shaft end sealing means, e.g. cup-shaped caps or covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/768—Sealings of ball or roller bearings between relatively stationary parts, i.e. static seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

この発明は、自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対し回転自在に支持すると共に、この車輪の回転速度を検出する為のエンコーダ付転がり軸受ユニットの改良に関する。具体的には、エンコーダを設置した内部空間の軸方向内端開口部を塞ぐカバーを外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定するのに伴って、このカバーの内径寄り部分が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止できる構造を実現するものである。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a rolling bearing unit with an encoder for rotatably supporting a vehicle wheel with respect to a suspension device and detecting the rotational speed of the wheel. Specifically, as the cover that closes the axial inner end opening of the inner space where the encoder is installed is fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction, the portion closer to the inner diameter of the cover is distorted in the axial direction. A structure capable of preventing deformation is realized.

自動車の懸架装置に車輪を回転自在に支持すると共に、この車輪の回転速度を検出する為の回転速度検出装置付転がり軸受ユニットとして、従来から各種構造のものが知られている。何れの構造の場合も、車輪と共に回転するハブの一部に支持固定したエンコーダの被検出面に、回転しない部分に支持固定したセンサの検出部を対向させている。そして、上記エンコーダの回転に伴って変化する、このセンサの出力信号の周波数又は周期に基づいて、このエンコーダと共に回転する上記車輪の回転速度を求める様に構成している。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various structures are known as rolling bearing units with a rotational speed detecting device for rotatably supporting a wheel on a suspension device of an automobile and detecting the rotational speed of the wheel. In any structure, the detection part of the sensor supported and fixed to the non-rotating part is opposed to the detection surface of the encoder supported and fixed to a part of the hub that rotates together with the wheel. And it is comprised so that the rotational speed of the said wheel which rotates with this encoder may be calculated | required based on the frequency or the period of the output signal of this sensor which changes with rotation of the said encoder.

この様な回転速度検出装置付転がり軸受ユニットを構成するエンコーダが泥水や塵埃等の付着により損傷する事を防止する為、或いはこのエンコーダに磁性粉等の異物が付着して、このエンコーダを利用した回転速度検出の信頼性が損なわれる事を防止する為、非磁性板製のカバーによりこのエンコーダを外部から隔てる構造が、特許文献１、２に記載される等により、従来から知られている。図７は、このうちの特許文献１に記載された従来構造の１例を示している。この従来構造は、エンコーダ１を組み込んだエンコーダ付転がり軸受ユニット２と、懸架装置を構成するナックル３に支持固定したセンサ４とから成る。   This encoder is used to prevent the encoder constituting the rolling bearing unit with such a rotational speed detection device from being damaged by adhesion of muddy water, dust, etc., or when foreign particles such as magnetic powder adhere to this encoder. In order to prevent the reliability of rotation speed detection from being impaired, a structure in which the encoder is separated from the outside by a cover made of a non-magnetic plate has been conventionally known as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. FIG. 7 shows an example of the conventional structure described in Patent Document 1 among them. This conventional structure comprises a rolling bearing unit 2 with an encoder incorporating an encoder 1 and a sensor 4 supported and fixed to a knuckle 3 constituting a suspension device.

このうちのエンコーダ付転がり軸受ユニット２は、転がり軸受ユニット５を構成するハブ６の軸方向内端部に上記エンコーダ１を、このハブ６と同心に支持固定して成る。上記転がり軸受ユニット５は、このハブ６に加えて、外輪７と複数個の転動体８、８とを備える。このうちの外輪７は、内周面に複列の外輪軌道９、９を、外周面に静止側フランジ１０を、それぞれ有する。そして、使用状態で上記外輪７は、上記ナックル３に支持されて回転しない。   Of these, the encoder-equipped rolling bearing unit 2 is configured by supporting and fixing the encoder 1 concentrically with the hub 6 at the axially inner end of the hub 6 constituting the rolling bearing unit 5. In addition to the hub 6, the rolling bearing unit 5 includes an outer ring 7 and a plurality of rolling elements 8 and 8. Of these, the outer ring 7 has double-row outer ring raceways 9 and 9 on the inner peripheral surface, and a stationary flange 10 on the outer peripheral surface. In use, the outer ring 7 is supported by the knuckle 3 and does not rotate.

又、上記ハブ６は、ハブ本体１１と内輪１２とを、かしめ部１３により結合固定して成るもので、外周面に複列の内輪軌道１４、１４を有し、上記外輪７の内径側にこの外輪７と同心に支持されている。又、上記ハブ本体１１の軸方向外端部（軸方向に関して外とは、懸架装置に組み付けた状態で車体の幅方向外寄りとなる側を言う。本明細書及び特許請求の範囲全体で同じ。）で上記外輪７の軸方向外端開口部よりも軸方向外方に突出した部分に、車輪を支持する為の回転側フランジ１５を設けている。又、上記各転動体８、８は、上記両外輪軌道９、９と上記両内輪軌道１４、１４との間に、両列毎に複数個ずつ、保持器１６、１６により保持された状態で、転動自在に設けられている。更に、上記各転動体８、８を設置した内部空間１７の軸方向両端部は、シールリング１８とカバー１９とにより塞いでいる。   The hub 6 comprises a hub body 11 and an inner ring 12 coupled and fixed by a caulking portion 13. The hub 6 has double-row inner ring raceways 14 and 14 on the outer peripheral surface, and is arranged on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 7. The outer ring 7 is supported concentrically. Further, the outer end of the hub body 11 in the axial direction (outside with respect to the axial direction means the side that is outside the width direction of the vehicle body when assembled to the suspension device. The same applies throughout the present specification and claims. )), A rotation-side flange 15 for supporting the wheel is provided in a portion protruding outward in the axial direction from the axially outer end opening of the outer ring 7. The rolling elements 8 and 8 are held between the outer ring races 9 and 9 and the inner ring raceways 14 and 14 by a plurality of cages 16 and 16 in both rows. It is provided so that it can roll freely. Further, both end portions in the axial direction of the internal space 17 in which the rolling elements 8 and 8 are installed are closed by a seal ring 18 and a cover 19.

このカバー１９は、アルミニウム系合金板、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板の如き非磁性金属板等の非磁性板製としている。この様なカバー１９は、外周縁部に円筒部２０を、軸方向内端部にこの円筒部２０から径方向内方に折れ曲がった平板部２１を、それぞれ備える。図７の構造では、従動輪（ＦＦ車の後輪、ＦＲ車、ＭＲ車の前輪）用の転がり軸受ユニット５を対象としている為、上記平板部２１を、上記外輪７の軸方向内端開口部全体を塞ぐ円板状としている。これに対して、駆動輪（ＦＦ車の前輪、ＦＲ車、ＭＲ車の後輪、４ＷＤ車の全輪）用の転がり軸受ユニットの場合には、特許文献２に記載された構造の様に、カバーの内径側に駆動軸を挿通すべく、平板部を円輪状とする。何れにしても上記カバー１９は、上記円筒部２０を上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌する事により、この外輪７の軸方向内端部に固定する。   The cover 19 is made of a nonmagnetic plate such as a nonmagnetic metal plate such as an aluminum alloy plate or an austenitic stainless steel plate. Such a cover 19 includes a cylindrical portion 20 at the outer peripheral edge portion and a flat plate portion 21 bent radially inward from the cylindrical portion 20 at the inner end portion in the axial direction. In the structure of FIG. 7, since the rolling bearing unit 5 for the driven wheel (rear wheel of the FF vehicle, FR vehicle, and front wheel of the MR vehicle) is targeted, the flat plate portion 21 is opened in the axial inner end of the outer ring 7. It has a disk shape that covers the entire part. On the other hand, in the case of a rolling bearing unit for driving wheels (front wheels of FF vehicles, FR wheels, rear wheels of MR vehicles, all wheels of 4WD vehicles), like the structure described in Patent Document 2, The flat plate portion has an annular shape so that the drive shaft can be inserted into the inner diameter side of the cover. In any case, the cover 19 is fixed to the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7 by fitting the cylindrical portion 20 into the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7 with an interference fit.

上記エンコーダ１は、上述の様なハブ６の内端寄り部分、即ち、上記内輪１２の軸方向内半部に設けた肩部２２にその基端部を外嵌する事により、上記ハブ６に対し、このハブ６と同心に支持固定している。上記エンコーダ１は、軟鋼板等の磁性金属板を曲げ形成する事により、断面Ｌ字形で全体を円環状とした支持環２３と、ゴム磁石等の永久磁石製のエンコーダ本体２４とから成る。このエンコーダ本体２４は、軸方向に着磁すると共に、着磁方向を円周方向に関して交互に且つ等間隔で変化させる事により、被検出面である軸方向内側面（軸方向に関して内とは、懸架装置に組み付けた状態で、車体の幅方向中央寄りとなる側を言う。本明細書及び特許請求の範囲全体で同じ。）にＳ極とＮ極とを、交互に且つ等間隔に配置している。この様なエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面は、上記カバー１９を構成する上記平板部２１の軸方向外側面（内面）に、微小隙間を介して近接対向させている。言い換えれば、上記カバー１９を上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に、上記平板部２１の軸方向外側面が上記エンコーダ本体２４の被検出面に近接対向する状態にまで押し込む。   The encoder 1 is attached to the hub 6 by fitting the base end portion thereof to a portion near the inner end of the hub 6 as described above, that is, the shoulder portion 22 provided in the inner half of the inner ring 12 in the axial direction. On the other hand, it is supported and fixed concentrically with the hub 6. The encoder 1 includes a support ring 23 having an L-shaped cross section and an annular shape as a whole by bending a magnetic metal plate such as a mild steel plate, and an encoder body 24 made of a permanent magnet such as a rubber magnet. The encoder body 24 is magnetized in the axial direction, and the magnetizing direction is changed alternately and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, whereby the axially inner side surface (the inner side in the axial direction is the detected surface). The side that is closer to the center in the width direction of the vehicle body when it is assembled to the suspension system, which is the same in the present specification and claims as a whole), and S poles and N poles are arranged alternately and at equal intervals. ing. The detected surface of the encoder main body 24 is made to face and face the outer side surface (inner surface) in the axial direction of the flat plate portion 21 constituting the cover 19 with a small gap. In other words, the cover 19 is pushed into the axially inner end of the outer ring 7 until the axially outer surface of the flat plate portion 21 is in close proximity to the detected surface of the encoder body 24.

更に、前記センサ４は、前記ナックル３に支持固定した状態で、その検出部を上記平板部２１の軸方向内側面（外面）に当接させている。この状態でこの検出部が、この平板部２１を介して、上記エンコーダ本体２４の被検出面に対向する。この状態でこのエンコーダ本体２４が、上記ハブ６と共に回転すると、上記センサ４の検出部の近傍を、上記被検出面に存在するＳ極とＮ極とが交互に通過し、このセンサ４の出力が変化する。この変化の周波数は上記ハブ６の回転速度に比例し、変化の周期はこの回転速度に反比例するので、何れかに基づいて、上記ハブ６に固定した車輪の回転速度を求められる。   Furthermore, the sensor 4 is in contact with the inner side surface (outer surface) in the axial direction of the flat plate portion 21 while being supported and fixed to the knuckle 3. In this state, the detection unit faces the detection surface of the encoder body 24 through the flat plate portion 21. When the encoder body 24 rotates together with the hub 6 in this state, the S pole and the N pole existing on the detected surface pass alternately in the vicinity of the detection portion of the sensor 4, and the output of the sensor 4 Changes. Since the frequency of the change is proportional to the rotational speed of the hub 6 and the period of the change is inversely proportional to the rotational speed, the rotational speed of the wheel fixed to the hub 6 can be obtained based on either.

上述の図７に示した従来構造の場合、永久磁石製のエンコーダ本体２４と外部空間とを、非磁性材製のカバー１９により隔てているので、このエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面に、磁性粉等の異物が付着する事を防止できる。この為、この被検出面を清浄な状態に保って、上記エンコーダ本体２４を利用した回転速度検出の信頼性確保を図れる。但し、この回転速度検出の信頼性をより一層向上させる面からは、次の様な点を改良して、上記エンコーダ２４の被検出面と上記センサ４の検出部との距離に関する精度を向上させる事が望まれる。   In the case of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 7, the encoder body 24 made of permanent magnets and the external space are separated from each other by the cover 19 made of nonmagnetic material. It is possible to prevent such foreign matters from adhering. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the reliability of rotation speed detection using the encoder body 24 while keeping the detected surface in a clean state. However, from the aspect of further improving the reliability of the rotational speed detection, the following points are improved to improve the accuracy with respect to the distance between the detected surface of the encoder 24 and the detecting portion of the sensor 4. Things are desired.

即ち、上記カバー１９を上記外輪７に支持固定すべく、前記円筒部２０をこの外輪７の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌すると、この円筒部２０の内径側に存在する前記平板部２１に径方向内方に向いた力が加わる。特に、従来構造の場合には、この平板部２１の外周縁と上記円筒部２０の軸方向内端縁との連続部に存在する折れ曲がり部の曲率半径が小さく（大きな曲率で折れ曲がっており）、上記締り嵌めによる内嵌固定部が、上記平板部２１のほぼ外周縁部に迄存在する。この為、この平板部２１に加わる、上記径方向内方に向いた力が相当に大きくなり、この力に基づいてこの平板部２１が、湾曲する様に厚さ方向（軸方向内外方向）に変形する。この変形の方向及び変形の程度は規制も予測もできないので、上記平板部２１のうちで、上記エンコーダ本体２４の被検出面と上記センサ４の検出部との間に存在する部分の軸方向位置を精度良く規制できない。例えば、このセンサ４の検出部を上記平板部２１の軸方向内側面（外面）に突き当てる事でこのセンサ４の位置決めを図る場合、この平板部２１が歪んでいると、この位置決めが不正確になる。この結果、上記エンコーダ本体２４の被検出面から出て上記センサ４の検出部に達する磁束の密度がばらつき、回転速度検出の信頼性を確保する面から不利になる。   That is, when the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted into the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction so as to support and fix the cover 19 to the outer ring 7, the flat plate portion existing on the inner diameter side of the cylindrical portion 20. A force directed radially inward is applied to 21. In particular, in the case of the conventional structure, the radius of curvature of the bent portion existing at the continuous portion between the outer peripheral edge of the flat plate portion 21 and the axial inner end edge of the cylindrical portion 20 is small (bent with a large curvature), The inner fitting fixing part by the interference fitting exists up to substantially the outer peripheral edge part of the flat plate part 21. For this reason, the radially inwardly applied force applied to the flat plate portion 21 is considerably increased, and the flat plate portion 21 is curved in the thickness direction (axially inward / outward direction) based on this force. Deform. Since the direction and degree of deformation cannot be regulated or predicted, the axial position of the portion of the flat plate portion 21 that exists between the detected surface of the encoder body 24 and the detection portion of the sensor 4. Cannot be regulated accurately. For example, when positioning the sensor 4 by abutting the detection portion of the sensor 4 against the inner side surface (outer surface) in the axial direction of the flat plate portion 21, if the flat plate portion 21 is distorted, the positioning is inaccurate. become. As a result, the density of the magnetic flux that comes out of the surface to be detected of the encoder body 24 and reaches the detection portion of the sensor 4 varies, which is disadvantageous in terms of ensuring the reliability of rotation speed detection.

特許第４２０６５５０号公報Japanese Patent No. 4206550 独国特許出願公開第１９６４４７４４号明細書German Patent Application Publication No. 19644744

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑み、エンコーダを設置した内部空間の軸方向内端開口部を塞ぐカバーを外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定するのに伴って、このカバーの内径寄り部分が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止できる構造を実現すべく発明したものである。 In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention provides an inner diameter of the cover that is fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction of the inner ring. The invention was invented to realize a structure capable of preventing the shift portion from being deformed and deformed in the axial direction.

本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットは、例えば前述した様な従来から知られているエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットと同様に、外輪と、ハブと、複数個の転動体と、エンコーダと、カバーとを備える。
このうちの外輪は、内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有し、使用時に懸架装置に支持固定された状態で回転しない。
又、上記ハブは、外周面に複列の内輪軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態でこの車輪と共に回転する。
又、上記各転動体は、上記両外輪軌道と上記両内輪軌道との間に、両列毎に複数個ずつ設けられている。
又、上記エンコーダは、軸方向内側面を円周方向に関して磁気特性が交互に変化する被検出面としたもので、上記ハブにこのハブと同心に支持固定されている。
更に、上記カバーは、非磁性板製で、外周縁部に円筒部を、軸方向内端部にこの円筒部から径方向内方に折れ曲がった平板部を、それぞれ備える。そして、このうちの円筒部を上記外輪の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌固定すると共に、上記平板部を上記エンコーダの被検出面に近接対向させている。 A wheel bearing rolling bearing unit with an encoder according to the present invention includes, for example, an outer ring, a hub, a plurality of rolling elements, an encoder, and the like, as in the conventional wheel bearing rolling bearing unit with an encoder. And a cover.
Among these, the outer ring has a double row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, and does not rotate while being supported and fixed to the suspension device during use.
The hub has a double-row inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and rotates with the wheel while the wheel is supported and fixed during use.
A plurality of rolling elements are provided for each row between the outer ring raceways and the inner ring raceways.
In the encoder, the inner surface in the axial direction is a detected surface whose magnetic characteristics change alternately in the circumferential direction, and is supported and fixed to the hub concentrically with the hub.
Further, the cover is made of a non-magnetic plate, and includes a cylindrical portion at an outer peripheral edge portion and a flat plate portion bent radially inward from the cylindrical portion at an axially inner end portion. Of these, the cylindrical portion is fitted and fixed to the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring with an interference fit, and the flat plate portion is made to face and close to the detected surface of the encoder.

特に、本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットに於いては、上記カバーを構成する上記平板部の径方向中央部に、軸方向に突出若しくは凹んだ凸部若しくは凹部を設けている。
又、上記カバーを構成する上記円筒部の軸方向内端部に、非当接部を、全周に亙って形成している。
この非当接部は、上記外輪の軸方向内端部の内径よりも小さな外径を有し、軸方向寸法が、上記カバーを構成する板材の厚さ寸法の２倍（好ましくは３倍）以上である。尚、この２倍（３倍）なる値を求める場合に於ける、上記非当接部の軸方向寸法の値は、上記カバーの円筒部を上記外輪の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌固定し、このカバーの外径寄り部分が弾性変形した状態での値とする。
又、上記非当接部は、軸方向内方に向かうに従って直径が小さくなる方向に、上記円筒部の中心軸に対して１５〜２５度傾斜した、部分円すい筒状である。
更に、上記非当接部の外周面には、シール材を全周に亙って被覆している。
この様な非当接部を設ける事により、上記カバーを上記外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌した状態で、上記円筒部をこの外輪の軸方向内端部に、上記非当接部よりも軸方向外寄り部分でのみ、締り嵌めで内嵌する。 In particular, in the encoder with the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit of the present invention, the radial center portion of the flat plate portion constituting the cover is provided with a protruding or recessed protrusion or recess in the axial direction.
Further , a non-contact portion is formed over the entire circumference at the axially inner end portion of the cylindrical portion constituting the cover .
The non-contact portion has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring, and the axial dimension is twice (preferably three times) the thickness of the plate member constituting the cover. That's it. The axial dimension value of the non-contact portion in determining the value twice (three times) is determined by fitting the cylindrical portion of the cover to the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction. It is a value in a state where the cover is fitted and fixed and the portion near the outer diameter of the cover is elastically deformed.
The non-contact portion has a partial conical cylindrical shape that is inclined by 15 to 25 degrees with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical portion in a direction in which the diameter decreases as it goes inward in the axial direction.
Further, the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion is covered with a sealing material over the entire circumference.
By providing such a non-contact portion, the cylindrical portion is fitted to the axial inner end portion of the outer ring from the non-contact portion in a state in which the cover is fitted inside the axial inner end portion of the outer ring. Also, it is fitted with an interference fit only at the axially outer portion.

上述の様に構成する本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットによれば、エンコーダを設置した内部空間の軸方向内端開口部を塞ぐカバーを、外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定するのに伴って、このカバーの内径寄り部分が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止できる。
即ち、本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットに組み込むカバーの場合には、円筒部の軸方向内端寄り部分で平板部の外径側に存在する部分が非当接部である。そして、上記カバーを上記外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定した状態でも、これら非当接部の外周面と外輪の軸方向内端部内周面との間には隙間が存在し、この非当接部が径方向内方に押圧される事はない。 According to the wheel support rolling bearing unit with an encoder of the present invention configured as described above, the cover that closes the axial inner end opening of the inner space in which the encoder is installed is fitted and fixed to the axial inner end of the outer ring. As a result, it is possible to prevent the portion closer to the inner diameter of the cover from being distorted and deformed in the axial direction.
That is, in the case of the cover incorporated in the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit with an encoder according to the present invention, the portion of the cylindrical portion near the inner end in the axial direction is the non-contact portion. Even when the cover is fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction, a gap exists between the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring in the axial direction. The non-contact portion is not pressed radially inward.

上記円筒部のうちでこの非当接部よりも軸方向外寄り部分に存在し、上記外輪の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌される部分は径方向内方に強く押されるが、軸方向に関して、この部分と上記平板部との間に、上記非当接部が、全周に亙って存在する。この為、上記締り嵌めで内嵌される部分に、径方向内方に向いた強い力が加わっても、この力のうちの多くの部分は、上記締り嵌めで内嵌される部分と上記平板部との間に存在する、上記非当接部を変形させる事に消費され、上記平板部にまでは伝わらない。この結果、上記カバーの内径寄り部分が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止して、上記平板部のうちで、エンコーダの被検出面に対向する部分の軸方向位置、並びに、直角度等の面精度を、精度良く規制できる。この結果、回転速度検出用のセンサと組み合わせた（上記エンコーダの被検出面とセンサの検出部とを、カバーの平板部を介して対向させた）状態で、このエンコーダの被検出面から出て上記センサの検出部に達する磁束の密度を、十分且つ確実に確保して、回転速度検出の為の信頼性の確保を図れる。   Of the cylindrical portion, the portion that is present in the axially outer portion than the non-contact portion, and the portion that is fitted into the axially inner end portion of the outer ring by an interference fit is strongly pressed radially inward, With respect to the axial direction, the non-contact portion exists over the entire circumference between this portion and the flat plate portion. For this reason, even if a strong force directed radially inward is applied to the portion fitted by the interference fit, most of the force is divided into the portion fitted by the interference fit and the flat plate. It is consumed by deforming the non-contact portion existing between the two portions, and is not transmitted to the flat plate portion. As a result, the portion near the inner diameter of the cover is prevented from being deformed in the axial direction, and the axial position of the portion of the flat plate portion that faces the detected surface of the encoder, as well as the perpendicularity, etc. The accuracy can be regulated with high accuracy. As a result, in combination with the sensor for detecting the rotational speed (the detected surface of the encoder and the detecting portion of the sensor are opposed to each other through the flat plate portion of the cover), the sensor comes out of the detected surface of the encoder. The density of the magnetic flux reaching the detection part of the sensor can be ensured sufficiently and reliably to ensure the reliability for detecting the rotational speed.

本発明に関する参考例の１例を示す部分断面図。The fragmentary sectional view which shows one example of the reference example regarding this invention. カバーの形状を示す、図１の上部に相当する部分拡大断面図。The partial expanded sectional view equivalent to the upper part of FIG. 1 which shows the shape of a cover. 非当接部の外周面にシール材を被覆したカバーの形状を示す、図１の上部に相当する部分拡大断面図。 It shows a non-contact cover having a shape covering the sealing material to the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged partial cross-sectional view corresponding to the upper part of FIG. 本発明の実施に使用する、平板部の中央部に凹部を形成したカバーの１例を示す部分拡大断面図。 The partial expanded sectional view which shows one example of the cover which formed the recessed part in the center part of the flat plate part used for implementation of this invention . 本発明に関する参考例の別例を示す部分断面図。The fragmentary sectional view which shows another example of the reference example regarding this invention. 本発明の実施に使用する、平板部の中央部に凸部を形成したカバーの１例を示す部分拡大断面図。 The partial expanded sectional view which shows an example of the cover which formed the convex part in the center part of the flat plate part used for implementation of this invention . 従来構造の１例を示す半部断面図。The half part sectional view showing an example of conventional structure.

図１〜４により、本発明の実施の形態の１例に就いて説明する。尚、本例を含めて、本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの特徴は、各転動体８、８及びエンコーダ１を設置した内部空間１７の軸方向内端開口部を塞ぐべく、外輪７の軸方向内端部にカバー１９ａ、１９ｂを内嵌固定する事に伴って、このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂを構成する平板部２１が厚さ方向（軸方向）に変形する事を抑える為の構造にある。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述の図７に示した構造を含め、従来から知られているエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットと同様であるから、図示並びに説明は、省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本発明の特徴部分を中心に説明する。 1-4, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, including the present example, the rolling bearing unit for supporting the wheel with an encoder according to the present invention is characterized by the outer ring in order to close the axial inner end opening of the internal space 17 in which the rolling elements 8 and 8 and the encoder 1 are installed. 7 is a structure for preventing the flat plate portion 21 constituting the covers 19a and 19b from being deformed in the thickness direction (axial direction) when the covers 19a and 19b are fitted and fixed to the inner end portions of the shaft 7 in the axial direction. It is in. Since the structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventionally known wheel bearing rolling bearing unit with an encoder including the structure shown in FIG. 7, the illustration and description are omitted or simplified. Hereinafter, the characteristic part of the present invention will be mainly described.

上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂは、ＳＵＳ３０４の如きオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板、アルミニウム系合金板、合成樹脂板等の非磁性板製で、外周縁部に円筒部２０を、軸方向内端部にこの円筒部２０から径方向内方に折れ曲がった平板部２１を、それぞれ備える。そして、このうちの円筒部２０を上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌固定している。この状態で上記平板部２１の軸方向外側面（内面）を、ハブ６の内端寄り部分に外嵌固定したエンコーダ１を構成するエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面に、微小隙間２５を介して近接対向させている。 The covers 19a and 19b are made of a non-magnetic plate such as an austenitic stainless steel plate such as SUS304, an aluminum alloy plate, or a synthetic resin plate. The cylindrical portion 20 is provided at the outer peripheral edge and the cylindrical portion 20 is provided at the inner end in the axial direction. Are provided with flat plate portions 21 bent inward in the radial direction. Of these, the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction by an interference fit. In this state, the outer surface (inner surface) in the axial direction of the flat plate portion 21 is brought close to the detection surface of the encoder body 24 constituting the encoder 1 with the outer end portion of the hub 6 being fitted and fixed via a minute gap 25. They are facing each other.

上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂを構成する上記円筒部２０の軸方向内端部に、図２に示す様な非当接部２６を、全周に亙って形成している。この非当接部２６は、軸方向内方に向かうに従って直径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した、部分円すい筒状である。この非当接部２６は、上記外輪７の軸方向内端部の内径Ｒ７ よりも小さな外径Ｄ２６（Ｒ７ ＞Ｄ２６）を有する。従って、上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂを支持固定すべく、上記円筒部２０をこの外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌した状態でも、この外輪７の内周面と上記非当接部２６の外周面とが当接する（両周面同士が径方向に押し付けられる）事はない。上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に対し締り嵌めで内嵌されるのは、上記円筒部２０のうちで、上記非当接部２６よりも軸方向外寄り部分のみである。 A non-contact portion 26 as shown in FIG. 2 is formed over the entire circumference at the inner end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 constituting the covers 19a and 19b . The non-contact portion 26 has a partial conical cylindrical shape that is inclined in a direction in which the diameter decreases as it goes inward in the axial direction. The non-contact portion 26 has an outer diameter D 26 (R 7 > D 26 ) smaller than the inner diameter R 7 of the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7. Accordingly, the inner periphery of the outer ring 7 can be supported even when the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted to the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction so as to support and fix the covers 19a and 19b to the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction. There is no contact between the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26 (both peripheral surfaces are pressed in the radial direction). Only the portion of the cylindrical portion 20 that is axially outer than the non-contact portion 26 is fitted into the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7 by an interference fit.

又、この非当接部２６は、その軸方向寸法Ｌ２６が、上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂを構成する板材の厚さ寸法ｔ１９の２倍以上（Ｌ２６≧２ｔ１９）、好ましくは３倍以上（Ｌ２６≧３ｔ１９）である。更に、上記平板部２１は、上記非当接部２６の小径側端部（軸方向内端部）から、径方向内方に折れ曲がっている。平板部２１の変形を抑える面からは、上記軸方向寸法Ｌ２６は大きい程好ましい。但し、この軸方向寸法Ｌ２６を過度に大きくすると、変形を抑える効果が飽和するのに対して、上記外輪７に対して上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂを固定する為に寄与する、締り嵌めでの嵌合部の軸方向寸法が短くなって、このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂの支持強度確保の面から不利になる。そこで、上記軸方向寸法Ｌ２６の最大値は、請求項２に記載した発明の様に、このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂの軸方向長さＬ１９の５０％以下（Ｌ２６≦０．５Ｌ１９）とする。締り嵌めで内嵌する事に伴う変形防止の面から見た場合に、上記厚さ寸法ｔ１９との関係では、この厚さ寸法ｔ１９の５倍程度に止める（Ｌ２６≦５ｔ１９）事が現実的である。前記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの支持強度確保と、上記変形防止との兼ね合いを考慮して総合的に勘案すると、上記軸方向寸法Ｌ２６は、やはり請求項２に記載した発明の様に、上記厚さ寸法ｔ１９の３〜４倍程度に規制する｛Ｌ２６＝（３〜４）ｔ１９とする｝事が、最も好ましい。但し、上記円筒部２０の軸方向寸法Ｌ２０を十分に確保できる等の理由で、上記軸方向寸法Ｌ２６を大きくしても上記嵌合部の軸方向寸法を確保できるのであれば、上記軸方向寸法Ｌ２６を上記厚さ寸法ｔ１９の５倍を越えて大きくする事もできる。但し、この軸方向寸法Ｌ２６をこの厚さ寸法ｔ１９の１０倍を越えて大きくする事は非現実的である。 The non-contact portion 26 has an axial dimension L 26 that is at least twice the thickness dimension t 19 of the plate material constituting the covers 19a and 19b (L 26 ≧ 2t 19 ), preferably at least three times. (L 26 ≧ 3t 19 ). Further, the flat plate portion 21 is bent radially inward from the small-diameter side end portion (axial inner end portion) of the non-contact portion 26 . From the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the flat plate portion 21, preferably as the axial dimension L 26 is large. However, increasing this axial dimension L 26 excessively to the effects of suppressing the deformation of saturated, contribute to fix the cover 19a, and 19b with respect to the outer ring 7, fitted with interference fit The axial dimension of the joint portion is shortened, which is disadvantageous in terms of securing the support strength of the covers 19a and 19b . Therefore, the maximum value of the axial dimension L 26 is 50% or less (L 26 ≦ 0.5L 19 ) of the axial length L 19 of the covers 19a and 19b , as in the invention described in claim 2. To do. When viewed from the plane of the deformation prevention due to it fitted into interference fit, the relationship between the thickness t 19, stopped about 5 times the thickness t 19 (L 26 ≦ 5t 19 ) Things Is realistic. The cover 19a, the support strength ensuring 19b, when comprehensively considering taking into account the balance between the deformation preventing, the axial dimension L 26 is again like the invention described in claim 2, said thickness It is most preferable to restrict to about 3 to 4 times the dimension t 19 {L 26 = (3 to 4) t 19 }. However, for reasons such as that it can sufficiently secure the axial dimension L 20 of the cylindrical portion 20, if even by increasing the axial dimension L 26 as it can ensure the axial dimension of the fitting portion, the shaft the dimension L 26 may also be greater than 5 times the thickness t 19. However, it is impractical to increase the axial dimension L 26 beyond the 10 times this thickness t 19.

上述の様なカバー１９ａ、１９ｂを上記外輪７に対し支持固定すべく、上記円筒部２０をこの外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌すると、この円筒部２０のうちで上記非当接部２６よりも軸方向外寄り部分のみが、上記外輪７に対し締り嵌めで内嵌される。上記円筒部２０の軸方向内端寄り部分で上記平板部２１の外径側に存在する部分は非当接部２６であって、上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂを上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定した状態でも、これら非当接部２６の外周面と外輪７の軸方向内端部内周面との間には隙間２８が存在する。従って、この非当接部２６の外周面が径方向内方に押圧される事はない。 When the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted to the inner end in the axial direction of the outer ring 7 in order to support and fix the covers 19a and 19b as described above to the outer ring 7, the non-contact portion of the cylindrical portion 20 Only the portion outside the axial direction 26 is fitted into the outer ring 7 by an interference fit. The portion of the cylindrical portion 20 near the inner end in the axial direction that is on the outer diameter side of the flat plate portion 21 is a non-contact portion 26 , and the covers 19 a and 19 b are placed on the inner end in the axial direction of the outer ring 7. Even in the state of being fitted and fixed, there is a gap 28 between the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26 is not pressed radially inward.

上記円筒部２０のうちで上記非当接部２６よりも軸方向外寄り部分に存在し、上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌される部分は、径方向内方に強く押される。但し、軸方向に関して、この締り嵌めで内嵌される部分と上記平板部２１との間には、上記非当接部２６が、全周に亙って存在する。この為、上記締り嵌めで内嵌される部分に、径方向内方に向いた強い力が加わっても、この力のうちの多くの部分は、上記締り嵌めで内嵌される部分と上記平板部２１との間に存在する、上記非当接部２６を変形させる事に消費され、上記平板部２１に迄は伝わらない。この結果、上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの内径寄り部分が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止して、上記平板部２１のうちで、前記エンコーダ１を構成するエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面（軸方向内側面）に対向する部分の軸方向位置を精度良く規制できる。又、この部分の直角度も良好にできる。言い換えれば、上記平板部２１の軸方向内側面で、センサ４ａの検出部を突き当てる部分の、中心軸に対し直角方向に存在する仮想平面とのずれをゼロ乃至は僅少に抑えられる。 A portion of the cylindrical portion 20 that is present in an axially outer portion than the non-contact portion 26 and that is fitted into the inner end portion of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction is strongly inward in the radial direction. Pressed. However, with respect to the axial direction, the non-contact portion 26 exists over the entire circumference between the portion fitted by the interference fit and the flat plate portion 21. For this reason, even if a strong force directed radially inward is applied to the portion fitted by the interference fit, most of the force is divided into the portion fitted by the interference fit and the flat plate. It is consumed by deforming the non-contact portion 26 existing between the portion 21 and does not reach the flat plate portion 21. As a result, it is possible to prevent the portions close to the inner diameter of the covers 19a, 19b from being deformed in the axial direction, and to detect the detected surface (in the axial direction) of the encoder body 24 constituting the encoder 1 in the flat plate portion 21. The position in the axial direction of the portion facing the side surface can be accurately regulated. Also, the perpendicularity of this portion can be improved. In other words, on the inner side surface of the flat plate portion 21 in the axial direction, the deviation of the portion that abuts the detection portion of the sensor 4a from the virtual plane that exists in the direction perpendicular to the central axis can be suppressed to zero or slightly.

この結果、上記回転速度検出用のセンサ４ａの検出部を上記平板部２１の軸方向内側面に突き当てた状態で、このセンサ４ａの姿勢並びに検出部の軸方向位置を、設計値通りに精度良く規制できる。そして、このセンサ４ａの検出部と上記エンコーダ本体２４の被検出面とを、上記平板部２１を介して対向させた状態で、このエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面から出て上記センサ４ａの検出部に達する磁束の密度を十分且つ確実に確保し、回転速度検出の為の信頼性の確保を図れる。   As a result, in the state where the detection part of the sensor 4a for detecting the rotational speed is abutted against the inner surface in the axial direction of the flat plate part 21, the attitude of the sensor 4a and the axial position of the detection part are accurately as designed. It can be well regulated. Then, in a state where the detection portion of the sensor 4a and the detection surface of the encoder main body 24 face each other via the flat plate portion 21, the detection portion of the sensor 4a comes out of the detection surface of the encoder main body 24. The density of the magnetic flux reaching the diameter can be sufficiently and reliably ensured, and the reliability for detecting the rotational speed can be ensured.

図５は、本発明の実施に利用できる参考例の構造の形態の別例を示している。本参考例の場合には、上述の図１に示した構造に比べて、外輪７の軸方向内端部で、静止側フランジ１０の軸方向内側面からの軸方向長さを短くしている。即ち、本例の場合には、上記外輪７の軸方向内端部の寸法を短くして、上記カバー１９ａの非当接部２６の径方向外側にこの外輪７が存在しない様にしている。この様な本例の構造の場合には、図１に示した構造で、カバー１９ａの非当接部２６の外周面と外輪７の内端部内周面との間に形成される断面楔状の隙間２８が無くなる。従って、後述する図３に示す様なシール材２９が無くても、前記隙間２８の部分に、水等の異物が保持される事を防止できて、転がり軸受ユニット内部への水等の異物の侵入や、発錆を抑制する事が可能となる。尚、図５に示した構造と、後述する図３に示す様なシール材２９との併用も当然可能である。この場合にこのシール材２９は、上記外輪７の軸方向内端面等、この外輪７の一部表面に、全周に亙って弾性的に当接させる。 FIG. 5 shows another example of the structure of the reference example that can be used to implement the present invention . In the case of this reference example , the axial length from the axial inner surface of the stationary flange 10 is shortened at the axial inner end of the outer ring 7 as compared to the structure shown in FIG. . That is, in the case of this example, the dimension of the inner end in the axial direction of the outer ring 7 is shortened so that the outer ring 7 does not exist on the radially outer side of the non-contact portion 26 of the cover 19a. In the case of such a structure of this example, the structure shown in FIG. 1 has a wedge-shaped cross section formed between the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26 of the cover 19a and the inner peripheral surface of the inner end portion of the outer ring 7. The gap 28 is eliminated. Therefore, even if there is no sealing material 29 as shown in FIG. 3 to be described later, it is possible to prevent foreign matters such as water from being held in the gaps 28 and prevent foreign matters such as water from entering the rolling bearing unit. Intrusion and rusting can be suppressed. Incidentally, a structure shown in FIG. 5, in combination with the sealing member 29 such as shown in FIG. 3 to be described later is of course also possible. In this case, the seal material 29 is elastically brought into contact with a part of the outer ring 7 such as the axial inner end face of the outer ring 7 over the entire circumference.

尚、エンコーダ２４の外径寸法Ｄ２４は、上記非当接部２６の外径Ｄ２６から、上記カバー１９ａの板厚ｔ１９の２倍相当の寸法を減じた値よりも小さくする（Ｄ２４＜Ｄ２６−２ｔ１９）事が好ましい。即ち、各部の径方向寸法をこの様に規制する事により、上記非当接部２６の内周面部分と、上記エンコーダ２４の外周縁とが、径方向に関して接触しない様にする事が好ましい。より好ましくは、このエンコーダ２４の外径寸法Ｄ２４を、上記非当接部２６の外径Ｄ２６から、上記カバー１９ａの板厚ｔ１９の３倍相当の寸法を減じた値よりも小さくする（Ｄ ２４ ＜Ｄ ２６ −３ｔ １９ ）。 The outer diameter D 24 of the encoder 24, from the outer diameter D 26 of the non-contact portion 26 is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting the equivalent to twice the dimension of the thickness t 19 of the cover 19a (D 24 <D 26 -2t 19 ) is preferred. That is, it is preferable that the inner peripheral surface portion of the non-contact portion 26 and the outer peripheral edge of the encoder 24 are not in contact with each other in the radial direction by restricting the radial dimension of each portion in this way. More preferably, the outer diameter D 24 of the encoder 24 is made smaller than the value obtained by subtracting the dimension corresponding to three times the plate thickness t 19 of the cover 19a from the outer diameter D 26 of the non-contact portion 26. (D 24 <D 26 -3t 19 ).

本発明の効果を確認する為に行った実験の１例に就いて説明する。実験では、図４に示した形状を有するカバー１９ｂを、厚さ寸法ｔ１９が０．６mmであるＳＵＳ３０４材により造った。このカバー１９ｂの外径Ｄ１９は５７mm、軸方向長さＬ１９は７．８mm、締め代の値（｜外輪７の軸方向内端部の内径−カバー１９ｂの外径Ｄ１９｜）は０．１８mm（１８０μｍ）とした。
この条件で、円筒部２０と平板部２１との連続部を曲率の大きな（外径側の曲率半径が、外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌する以前の自由状態で１．２mm程度と小さい）折れ曲がり部で連続させた（非当接部２６を持たない）従来構造の場合、上記平板部２１のうちでエンコーダ本体２４の被検出面に対向する部分が、最大で０．１４４mm（１４４μｍ）、軸方向に変形した。
これに対して、軸方向寸法Ｌ２６が２．２mmであって、傾斜角度αが２０度程度である、部分円すい凸面状の非当接部２６を設けると（本発明品の場合）、他の条件を同じとして、軸方向の変形の最大値が０．０６４mm（６４μｍ）にまで低減した。この実験により、本発明の効果を確認できた。
尚、上記本発明品に於ける軸方向寸法Ｌ２６の、２．２mmなる値は、上記円筒部２０を上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌する以前の、自由状態での値である。従って、この円筒部２０を上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌した状態で実際に非当接部として残る軸方向寸法は、少しだけ短くなる。但し、短くなる程度は僅かであり、板厚（０．６mm）の２倍（実際には３倍）以上は十分に残る。 An example of an experiment conducted for confirming the effect of the present invention will be described. In the experiment, a cover 19b having a shape shown in FIG. 4, was prepared by SUS304 material thickness t 19 is 0.6 mm. The outer diameter D 19 of the cover 19b is 57 mm, the axial length L 19 is 7.8 mm, and the tightening value (| the inner diameter of the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction−the outer diameter D 19 | of the cover 19b ) is 0. 18 mm (180 μm).
Under this condition, the continuous portion of the cylindrical portion 20 and the flat plate portion 21 has a large curvature (the radius of curvature on the outer diameter side is about 1.2 mm in a free state before being fitted into the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction. In the case of the conventional structure in which the bent portion is continuous (without the non-contact portion 26 ), the portion of the flat plate portion 21 that faces the detection surface of the encoder body 24 is 0.144 mm (144 μm) at the maximum. ), Deformed in the axial direction.
On the other hand, when the non-contact portion 26 having a partially conical convex shape having an axial dimension L 26 of 2.2 mm and an inclination angle α of about 20 degrees is provided (in the case of the present invention product), the others As a result, the maximum value of axial deformation was reduced to 0.064 mm (64 μm). This experiment confirmed the effect of the present invention.
The value of 2.2 mm of the axial dimension L 26 in the product of the present invention is a value in a free state before the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted into the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction. is there. Accordingly, the axial dimension that remains as a non-contact portion in a state where the cylindrical portion 20 is fitted into the inner end portion of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction is slightly shortened. However, the degree of shortening is slight, and more than twice (actually three times) the plate thickness (0.6 mm) remains sufficiently.

又、図１〜５に示した、部分円すい筒状の非当接部２６の母線の、中心軸に対する傾斜角度αは、５〜４５度が好ましく、より好ましくは１０〜３５度、最も好ましくは１５〜２５度である。最も好ましい１５〜２５度の範囲に近づく程、カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの内径寄り部分に存在する平板部２１が軸方向に歪み変形する事を防止する効果が向上する。即ち、このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂを外輪７の内端部に圧入固定する際の安定性等を考慮すると、上記傾斜角度αは小さい方が好ましい。特に、図４に示した様な、中央部に凹部３０を形成した構造の場合には、上記非当接部２６の傾斜角度αを、好ましくは５〜４５度、より好ましくは１０〜３５度、最も好ましくは１５〜２５度とする事により、カバー１９ｂの一部で、上記凹部３０の周囲に存在する平板部２１の平面度を向上させる事ができる。即ち、この凹部３０を設ける事により、この平板部２１をより精度の良い平面とする事が可能になり、更に、上記傾斜角度αを上記所定の範囲に規制する事により、上記平板部２１の平面精度を保ちつつ、上記カバー１９ｂを上記外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定する事が可能になる。勿論、この様な凹部３０を備えたカバー１９ｂの構造の場合も、この様な凹部３０を備えていないカバー１９ａの場合と同様に、支持強度の確保と上記平板部２１の変形を抑える効果との兼ね合いを考慮して総合的に勘案すると、上記非当接部２６の軸方向寸法Ｌ２６は、上記カバー１９ｂを構成する金属板の厚さ寸法ｔ１９の３〜４倍の範囲に規制する事が、最も好ましい。 In addition, the inclination angle α of the generatrix of the non-contact portion 26 having a partial conical cylindrical shape shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 with respect to the central axis is preferably 5 to 45 degrees, more preferably 10 to 35 degrees, and most preferably 15 to 25 degrees. The closer to the most preferable range of 15 to 25 degrees, the better the effect of preventing the flat plate portion 21 existing near the inner diameter of the covers 19a and 19b from being deformed in the axial direction. That is, in consideration of stability when the covers 19a and 19b are press-fitted and fixed to the inner end portion of the outer ring 7, the inclination angle α is preferably small. In particular, in the case of the structure in which the concave portion 30 is formed at the center as shown in FIG. 4, the inclination angle α of the non-contact portion 26 is preferably 5 to 45 degrees, more preferably 10 to 35 degrees. Most preferably, by setting the angle to 15 to 25 degrees, the flatness of the flat plate portion 21 existing around the concave portion 30 can be improved by a part of the cover 19b . That is, by providing the concave portion 30, it is possible to make the flat plate portion 21 a more accurate plane, and further, by restricting the inclination angle α to the predetermined range, The cover 19b can be fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction while maintaining the plane accuracy. Of course, in the case of the structure of the cover 19b having such a recess 30 as well, as in the case of the cover 19a not having such a recess 30, the effect of ensuring the supporting strength and suppressing the deformation of the flat plate portion 21 is obtained. In consideration of the balance, the axial dimension L 26 of the non-contact portion 26 is restricted to a range of 3 to 4 times the thickness t 19 of the metal plate constituting the cover 19b. Things are most preferred.

本発明のエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの特徴は、カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの円筒部２０を外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定するのに伴って、このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂの平板部２１が歪むのを防止する点にある。このカバー１９ａ、１９ｂの取付部のシール性向上を主目的としたものではないが、上記平板部２１の歪み防止の為に設けた非当接部２６を利用して、上記取付部のシール性向上を図れる。即ち、図３に示す様に、上記非当接部２６の外周面に、ゴム、ビニルの如きエラストマー等の弾性を有するシール材２９を、全周に亙って被覆する事ができる。このシール材２９の自由状態での外径は、上記外輪７の軸方向内端部の外径よりも大きくする。この様なシール材２９を、上記非当接部２６の外周面と上記外輪７の軸方向内端部の内周面との間で、全周に亙って径方向に弾性的に圧縮した状態で挟持すれば、上記取付部のシール性向上を図れる。上記シール材２９を弾性的に圧縮する事に伴って上記平板部２１に加わる、径方向内方に向いた力は限られたものであり、上記シール材２９を設ける事に伴って、この平板部２１に有害な歪みが生じる事はない。 The rolling bearing unit for wheel support with an encoder according to the present invention is characterized in that the flat plate portions of the covers 19a and 19b are obtained by fitting and fixing the cylindrical portions 20 of the covers 19a and 19b to the inner ends in the axial direction of the outer ring 7. 21 is to prevent distortion. The cover 19a, but not to the sealing improvement of the mounting portion 19b and the main purpose, by utilizing the non-contact portion 26 which is provided for the anti-distortion of the flat plate portion 21, the sealing of the mounting portion Improvements can be made . That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26, a rubber, a seal member 29 having elasticity, such as such as an elastomer of a vinyl, can be coated over the entire circumference. The outer diameter of the sealing material 29 in a free state is made larger than the outer diameter of the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction. Such a sealing material 29 is elastically compressed in the radial direction over the entire circumference between the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion 26 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring 7. If it clamps in the state, the sealing performance of the mounting part can be improved. The force in the radially inward direction applied to the flat plate portion 21 as the sealing material 29 is elastically compressed is limited. This flat plate is provided as the sealing material 29 is provided. No harmful distortion occurs in the portion 21.

上記取付部のシール性は、上述の様な弾性を有するシール材２９の代わりに、ゲル状等のシール剤（コーキング剤）を充填する事により確保する事もできる。この場合には、上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの円筒部２０を外輪７の軸方向内端部に内嵌固定した後、前記隙間２８に上記シール剤を充填する。又、上記円筒部２０の外周面にシール剤を塗布した後、この円筒部２０を上記外輪７に内嵌する事もできる。更には、上記円筒部２０の外周面を含む、上記カバー１９ａ、１９ｂの表面に樹脂系塗料の被膜を、電着塗装により被覆し、この被膜を上記円筒部２０の外周面と上記外輪７の軸方向内端部内周面との間で挟持する事により、上記取付部のシール性を確保する事もできる。 The sealing performance of the mounting portion can be ensured by filling a sealing agent (coking agent) such as a gel instead of the sealing material 29 having elasticity as described above. In this case, after the cylindrical portion 20 of the covers 19a and 19b is fitted and fixed to the inner end of the outer ring 7 in the axial direction, the gap 28 is filled with the sealing agent. Further, after applying a sealing agent to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 20, the cylindrical portion 20 can be fitted into the outer ring 7. Further, a resin-based coating film is coated on the surfaces of the covers 19 a and 19 b including the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 20 by electrodeposition coating, and this coating is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 20 and the outer ring 7. By sealing between the inner peripheral surface of the inner end portion in the axial direction, the sealing performance of the mounting portion can be ensured.

又、上記平板部２１は、図２に示す様に、中央部まで平坦で全面が塞がれた円板状であっても良いが、先に説明した様に、図４示す様に、中央部に凹部３０を形成したものとする事が、上記平板部２１のうちで、上記エンコーダ１の被検出面と対向する部分の平面度をより向上させる面からは好ましい。更には、図６に示す様に、上記図４に記載した構造とは逆に、中央部に凸部３１を形成したカバー１９ｃによっても、同様の作用・効果を得られる。 Further, the flat plate portion 21, as shown in FIG. 2, may be a disk shape entirely is blocked by the flat to the central portion, as previously described, as shown FIG. 4, the central It is preferable that the concave portion 30 is formed in the portion from the viewpoint of further improving the flatness of the portion of the flat plate portion 21 that faces the detected surface of the encoder 1. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the same operation and effect can be obtained by a cover 19c having a convex portion 31 formed at the center, contrary to the structure described in FIG.

１ エンコーダ
２ エンコーダ付転がり軸受ユニット
３ ナックル
４、４ａ センサ
５ 転がり軸受ユニット
６ ハブ
７ 外輪
８ 転動体
９ 外輪軌道
１０ 静止側フランジ
１１ ハブ本体
１２ 内輪
１３ かしめ部
１４ 内輪軌道
１５ 回転側フランジ
１６ 保持器
１７ 内部空間
１８ シールリング
１９、１９ａ、１９ｂ、１９ｃ カバー
２０ 円筒部
２１ 平板部
２２ 肩部
２３ 支持環
２４ エンコーダ本体
２５ 微小隙間
２６ 非当接部
２７ 段差部
２８ 隙間
２９ シール材
３０ 凹部
３１ 凸部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Encoder 2 Rolling bearing unit with an encoder 3 Knuckle 4, 4a Sensor 5 Rolling bearing unit 6 Hub 7 Outer ring 8 Rolling body 9 Outer ring track 10 Stationary side flange 11 Hub body 12 Inner ring 13 Caulking part 14 Inner ring track 15 Rotation side flange 16 Cage 17 Internal space 18 Seal ring 19, 19a, 19b, 19c Cover 20 Cylindrical portion 21 Flat plate portion 22 Shoulder portion 23 Support ring 24 Encoder body 25 Minute gap
26 Non-contact part 27 Step part 28 Gap 29 Seal material 30 Concave part 31 Convex part

Claims (3)

内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有し、使用時に懸架装置に支持固定された状態で回転しない外輪と、外周面に複列の内輪軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態でこの車輪と共に回転するハブと、これら両内輪軌道と上記両外輪軌道との間に、両列毎に複数個ずつ設けられた転動体と、軸方向内側面を、円周方向に関して磁気特性が交互に変化する被検出面とし、上記ハブにこのハブと同心に支持固定されたエンコーダと、非磁性板製で、外周縁部に円筒部を、軸方向内端部にこの円筒部から径方向内方に折れ曲がった平板部を、それぞれ備え、このうちの円筒部を上記外輪の軸方向内端部に締り嵌めで内嵌固定すると共に、上記平板部を上記エンコーダの被検出面に近接対向させたカバーとを備えたエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットに於いて、このカバーを構成する上記平板部の径方向中央部に、軸方向に突出若しくは凹んだ凸部若しくは凹部を設け、同じく上記円筒部の軸方向内端部に、上記外輪の軸方向内端部の内径よりも小さな外径を有し、軸方向寸法が上記カバーを構成する板材の厚さ寸法の２倍以上であり、軸方向内方に向かうに従って直径が小さくなる方向に、上記円筒部の中心軸に対して１５〜２５度傾斜した、部分円すい筒状である非当接部を全周に亙って形成すると共に、この非当接部の外周面にシール材を全周に亙って被覆し、上記カバーを上記外輪の軸方向内端部に内嵌した状態で、上記円筒部をこの外輪の軸方向内端部に、上記非当接部よりも軸方向外寄り部分でのみ締り嵌めで内嵌する事を特徴とするエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット。 The outer ring has a double-row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface and is supported and fixed to the suspension system during use, and the outer ring has a double-row inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface and the wheel is supported and fixed in use. Magnetic properties of the hub rotating with the wheels, the rolling elements provided in each row between the inner ring raceways and the outer ring raceways, and the inner side surface in the axial direction are alternated in the circumferential direction. The encoder is supported on and fixed to the hub concentrically with the hub, and is made of a non-magnetic plate. The outer peripheral edge has a cylindrical portion, and the inner end in the axial direction is radially inward from the cylindrical portion. A flat plate portion bent in each direction, and the cylindrical portion of the plate portion is fitted and fixed to the inner end portion in the axial direction of the outer ring by an interference fit, and the flat plate portion is made to face and face the detected surface of the encoder. Rolling bearing unit for supporting a wheel with an encoder provided with a cover In Tsu bets, the radial center portion of the flat plate portion constituting the cover, provided with projecting or recessed protrusion or recess in the axial direction, similarly to the axially inner end of the cylindrical portion, of the outer ring has a smaller outer diameter than the inner diameter of the axially inner end, the direction of Ri der least twice the thickness of the plate material axial dimension constituting the cover, the diameter toward the axially inward decreases In addition, a non-contact portion having a partial conical cylinder shape that is inclined by 15 to 25 degrees with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical portion is formed over the entire circumference, and a sealing material is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the non-contact portion. In a state where the cover is fitted into the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction, and the cylindrical portion is placed on the inner end of the outer ring in the axial direction more than the non-contact portion. Rolling bearing for wheel support with encoder, characterized by being fitted with an interference fit only at the part outside the direction Knit. 上記非当接部の軸方向寸法をＬ ２６ 、上記円筒部の軸方向長さをＬ １９ とし、上記カバーを構成する板材の厚さをｔ １９ とした場合に、Ｌ ２６ ＝（３〜４）ｔ １９ 及びＬ ２６ ≦０．５Ｌ １９ を満たす、請求項１に記載したエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット。 When the axial dimension of the non-contact portion is L 26 , the axial length of the cylindrical portion is L 19, and the thickness of the plate material constituting the cover is t 19 , L 26 = (3-4 ) Rolling bearing unit for wheel support with encoder according to claim 1, wherein t 19 and L 26 ≦ 0.5L 19 are satisfied . 上記エンコーダの外径寸法をＤ ２４ 、上記非当接部の外径をＤ ２６ とし、上記カバーを構成する板材の厚さをｔ １９ とした場合に、Ｄ ２４ ＜Ｄ ２６ −２ｔ １９ を満たす、請求項１〜２のうちの何れか１項に記載したエンコーダ付車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット。 When the outer diameter of the encoder is D 24 , the outer diameter of the non-contact portion is D 26, and the thickness of the plate material constituting the cover is t 19 , D 24 <D 26 -2t 19 is satisfied. The rolling bearing unit for wheel support with an encoder as described in any one of Claims 1-2 .
JP2010014634A 2009-01-26 2010-01-26 Rolling bearing unit for wheel support with encoder Active JP5327077B2 (en)

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JP5592130B2 (en) * 2010-03-18 2014-09-17 Ｎｔｎ株式会社 Wheel bearing device with rotation speed detector
CN102481806B (en) 2010-07-22 2016-03-02 日本精工株式会社 With the wheel-support rolling bearing unit of code device
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JP5616758B2 (en) * 2010-11-16 2014-10-29 Ntn株式会社 Wheel bearing device with rotation speed detector
ITTO20101005A1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-17 Skf Ab HUB-BEARING GROUP FOR THE WHEEL OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
JP5828209B2 (en) * 2011-02-14 2015-12-02 Nok株式会社 Sealing device
EP2685117B1 (en) 2011-03-09 2019-12-25 NTN Corporation Wheel hub rolling bearing assembly with an encoder and a sealing cover for a vehicle wheel
JP6019957B2 (en) * 2012-09-06 2016-11-02 日本精工株式会社 Wheel support hub unit
JP6239920B2 (en) * 2013-09-30 2017-11-29 Ntn株式会社 Wheel bearing device
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