JP5326334B2 - Power control unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power control unit including a power conversion device such as an inverter.

Conventionally, in a hybrid vehicle having both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as a drive source, and other vehicles having an electric motor as a drive source, a large-capacity inverter that performs bidirectional conversion between DC power and AC power is used. An equipped power control unit (hereinafter referred to as “PCU” as appropriate) is known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
As shown in FIG. 8, in the PCU 9, for example, an auxiliary device driving converter 93 that converts a direct current into a direct current having a different voltage is mounted adjacent to the inverter 92 in addition to the inverter 92. .

In recent years, for example, in a hybrid vehicle, in order to reduce the size of the inverter 92 and the converter 93 or to improve the mounting property on the vehicle, it is required to integrate the converter 93 and the inverter 92 as one unit. It has been.
Therefore, at present, the converter 93 and the inverter 92 are integrated through a cooler 941 for cooling the converter 93.

JP 2007-8403 A JP 2007-50887 A

However, the conventional PCU 9 has the following problems. That is, in order to cool the converter 93, as shown in FIG. 8, a cooler 941 is required to provide a refrigerant flow path therein. Then, when a cooler 941 is newly added to cool the converter 93 as described above, there is a problem that the physique of the PCU 9 increases in size by the thickness (see symbol d in FIG. 8).
This may make it difficult to mount the PCU 9 on a vehicle or the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and is intended to provide a power control unit that is small in size and excellent in mountability.

The present invention is a power control unit having a power conversion device including a plurality of semiconductor modules and a stacked cooler composed of a plurality of cooling pipes that cool the plurality of semiconductor modules from both main surfaces and are connected to each other. There,
One thing of the cooling space is formed between the the cooling tubes adjacent heat radiator connected via the heat conducting member and the heat pipe to heat from the heating element other than the semiconductor module is disposed,
The heat pipe is drawn out from the radiator in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the stacked cooler,
In the drawing direction of the heat pipe, the stacked cooler, the heat receiving body, and the heating element are arranged in this order ,
The heat radiator is disposed in a cooling space provided at one end in the stacking direction among the plurality of cooling spaces formed in the stacked cooler. 1).

The function and effect of the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, at least one of the cooling spaces formed between the adjacent cooling pipes is provided with a heat receiving body that receives heat from a heating element other than the semiconductor module and a heat pipe. It is installed. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a power control unit (hereinafter referred to as “PCU” as appropriate) which is small and has excellent mountability.

  That is, in the present invention, the heat of the heating element transmitted from the heat receiving body is transmitted to the heat radiating body through the heat pipe having a small size and excellent thermal conductivity. Furthermore, since the heat of the radiator is transmitted to the cooling pipe, the heating element can be sufficiently cooled.

In particular, according to the above configuration, the heating element can be sufficiently cooled by increasing the length in the stacking direction of the stacked cooler and newly providing a cooling space for cooling the radiator. Therefore, in the PCU of the present invention, it is not necessary to flow a refrigerant through the PCU in order to cool the heating element. Thereby, size reduction of PCU can be achieved.
Furthermore, since the stacked type cooler is elongated in the stacking direction to secure a cooling space as described above, there is no need to newly provide a cooler for cooling the heating element in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. Therefore, the mounting property of the PCU on a vehicle or the like can be improved.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power control unit that is small and has excellent mountability.

In the present invention (Claim 1), the PCU can be used in, for example, a hybrid vehicle having both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as drive sources, and an electric vehicle having an electric motor as a drive source.
Moreover, the said power converter device can be used as the inverter used for the production | generation of the drive current which supplies with electricity to AC motors which are motive power sources, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, for example.

  The cooling pipe includes, for example, water mixed with ethylene glycol antifreeze, natural refrigerants such as water and ammonia, fluorocarbon refrigerants such as fluorinate, chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as HCFC123 and HFC134a, methanol, alcohol, and the like. This is a tube having a hollow portion through which a cooling medium such as an alcohol refrigerant or a ketone refrigerant such as acetone flows.

  The stacked cooler includes a refrigerant supply pipe for supplying a cooling medium from the outside into the plurality of cooling pipes, and a refrigerant discharge pipe for discharging the cooling medium from the plurality of cooling pipes to the outside. Are preferably connected to the cooling pipe at one end in the stacking direction, and the radiator is in close contact with the cooling pipe to which the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe are connected.

In this case, the radiator can be easily assembled in the cooling space.
That is, when assembling the PCU, the cooling pipe to which the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe are connected is fixed to the PCU body, and the cooling pipe is compressed in the stacking direction by, for example, a spring member based on this. Specifically, first, the main surface of the cooling pipe closest to the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe is brought into contact with and fixed to one component constituting the PCU. Next, the semiconductor modules are arranged in the cooling space in order from the cooling space (hereinafter referred to as the first space) in the cooling pipe connected to the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe. Thereafter, the cooling pipe is compressed in the stacking direction by the spring member as described above from the main surface of the cooling pipe farthest from the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe.

In such an assembly procedure, due to the dimensional tolerance of the thickness of the semiconductor module and the cooling pipe in the stacking direction, the accumulation of the dimensional tolerance increases as the distance from the first space increases, and the displacement of the cooling space increases. Sometimes. On the other hand, by closely contacting the radiator to the cooling pipe to which the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe are connected, that is, by first disposing the radiator in the first space, the semiconductor module and the cooling pipe Accumulation of dimensional tolerance of thickness is minimized, and the influence of the displacement of the cooling space can be almost eliminated.
Thereby, assembly | attachment property can be improved and a heat radiator can be easily assembled | attached to a cooling space.

The heating element may be a converter that is disposed outside the power converter and converts a direct current into a direct current having a different voltage.
In this case, the mountability of the PCU on a vehicle or the like can be further improved. That is, by disposing the heat radiating body in the cooling space, the converter can be sufficiently cooled without adding a new large cooler.
As a result, the size of the converter and its cooler can be reduced, and the PCU can be further miniaturized. Furthermore, this makes it possible to further improve the mountability of the PCU on a vehicle or the like.

The heating element may be a capacitor incorporated in the power converter.
In this case, the physique of the power converter can be made sufficiently small. Furthermore, this makes it possible to further improve the mountability of the PCU on a vehicle or the like.
As the capacitor, for example, a snubber capacitor for absorbing surge can be used.

Further, the heating element may be a reactor incorporated in the power conversion device (claim 5).
In this case, similarly to the fourth aspect, the power conversion device can be reduced in size, and the mounting property of the PCU on a vehicle or the like can be further improved.
In addition, the case itself which accommodates a reactor is good also as a heat receiving body, and a heat receiving body can also be arrange | positioned separately from a case.

Example 1
A power control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the power control unit 1 (hereinafter referred to as PCU 1) of the present example cools the plurality of semiconductor modules 21 from the two main surfaces 220 and connects them to each other. The power conversion device 2 includes the stacked cooler 20 including the plurality of cooling pipes 22.
Further, at least one of the cooling spaces 23 formed between the adjacent cooling pipes 22 is dissipated through a heat receiving body 41 that receives heat from the heating element 3 other than the semiconductor module 21 and a heat pipe 42. A body 43 is disposed.

The PCU 1 of this example will be described in detail.
The PCU 1 of this example includes the above-described power conversion device 2 and a DC-DC converter for driving auxiliary equipment such as a headlight and a radio.
The DC-DC converter generates heat and becomes high temperature when converting a DC voltage into a DC voltage. That is, in this example, the DC-DC converter is a heating element. Therefore, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the heating element 3 is referred to as a DC-DC converter 31.

  Moreover, the said power converter device 2 can be used as the inverter which converts the direct current of a battery into the alternating current for motor drive, for example. Therefore, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the power conversion device 2 is referred to as an inverter 2.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inverter 2 includes a stacked cooler 20, a power unit 24 that inputs and outputs a current to and from the semiconductor module, and a control unit 25 that controls the semiconductor module 21.
In the present example, the power unit 24 includes a reactor 241 that forms part of a booster circuit for boosting an input voltage, a bus bar 242 that forms a power line that connects the power terminals of the semiconductor module 21, and a DC voltage. And a capacitor 243 for smoothing.

  In the inverter 2, the laminated cooler 20 is disposed above the bus bar 242 and the capacitor 243 (above the paper surface in FIGS. 3 and 4), and the control unit 25 is disposed above the laminated cooler 20. Has been placed.

The stacked cooler 20 includes a refrigerant supply pipe 221 for supplying a cooling medium to the inside of the plurality of cooling pipes 22 from the outside, and a refrigerant discharge pipe for discharging the cooling medium from the plurality of cooling pipes 22 to the outside. 222.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a refrigerant supply pipe 221 and a refrigerant discharge pipe 222 are connected to the cooling pipe 22 at one end in the stacking direction of the stacked cooler 20.

  The cooling pipe 22 includes, for example, water mixed with ethylene glycol antifreeze, natural refrigerants such as water and ammonia, fluorocarbon refrigerants such as fluorinate, chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as HCFC123 and HFC134a, methanol, alcohol, and the like. This is a tube having a hollow portion through which a cooling medium such as an alcohol refrigerant or a ketone refrigerant such as acetone flows.

Moreover, between the adjacent cooling pipes 22, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the semiconductor module 21 is arrange | positioned in the state arranged in parallel 2 each.
The semiconductor module 21 is cooled from both sides by a cooling medium flowing in the cooling pipe 22.

  As the semiconductor module 21, for example, a switching element such as an IGBT element or a MOS FET element, a diode connected between the collector and the emitter of the switching element, and a current flowing from the emitter side to the collector side, or both functions are provided. In addition, there is a semiconductor element having reverse conductivity.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, at least one of the cooling spaces 23 formed between adjacent cooling pipes 22 is further provided with a radiator 43 for discharging to the cooling pipes 22. ing. The heat of the heating element 3 is transmitted to the heat radiating body 43 via the heat receiving body 41 and the heat pipe 42.

Here, the radiator 43 is in close contact with the cooling pipe 22 to which the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 are connected.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the radiator 43 has a cooling space 23 (hereinafter referred to as a first space 231) closest to the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 in the stacked cooler 20 in the cooling space 23. Is arranged).

In bringing the radiator 43 and the semiconductor module 21 into close contact with the cooling pipe 22, first, the radiator 43 is disposed in the first space 231.
Next, the semiconductor modules 21 are arranged in the cooling space 23 in order in the stacking direction.
Next, the end face of the cooling pipe 22 disposed at the farthest position from the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 is pressed toward the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 by the spring member 26 through the plate 27. As a result, the semiconductor module 21 and the radiator 43 are in close contact with the main surface 220 of the cooling pipe 22. In addition, as this spring member 26, various things, such as a leaf | plate spring and a coil spring, can be used, for example.

Moreover, as the heat radiating body 43, for example, a plate-shaped body made of a copper material or an aluminum material having an excellent thermal conductivity of about 5 mm can be used.
On the other hand, as the heat receiving body 41, for example, a plate-shaped body made of a copper material or an aluminum material having excellent thermal conductivity of about 5 mm can be used.
As the heat pipe 42, for example, a sintered copper powder type or a composite wick type can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a DC-DC converter 31 is disposed further above the control unit 25 of the stacked cooler 20 (above the paper surface in FIGS. 3 and 4).
That is, as described above, the heating element in this example is a DC-DC converter 31 that is connected outside the inverter 2 and converts a DC voltage into a DC voltage of a different value.

The cooling procedure of the DC-DC converter 31 in this example will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the heat of the DC-DC converter 31 is transferred to the heat receiving body 41 having excellent thermal conductivity made of a copper material, an aluminum material, or the like as described above.

  Next, the heat transferred to the heat receiving body 41 is further transferred to the heat pipe 42. Since the heat pipe 42 is formed of, for example, a sintered copper powder type or a composite wick type as described above, the heat pipe 42 is connected to the opposite side of the heat receiving body 41 in the heat pipe 42. Heat can be sufficiently transferred to the radiator 43.

  As described above, the radiator 43 disposed in the cooling space 23 is in close contact with the main surface 220 of the cooling pipe 22 disposed on both sides thereof. Therefore, the radiator 43 is sufficiently cooled by the cooling medium flowing in the cooling pipe 22 in the direction of the arrow W in FIG.

Next, the function and effect of this example will be described.
In this example, at least one of the cooling spaces 23 formed between adjacent cooling pipes 22 is connected via a heat receiving body 41 and a heat pipe 42 that receive heat from a heating element 3 other than the semiconductor module 21. A heat radiating body 43 is disposed. Thereby, PCU1 which is small and is excellent in mountability can be obtained.

  That is, in this example, the heat of the heat generating body 3 transmitted from the heat receiving body 41 is transmitted to the heat radiating body 43 through the heat pipe 42 that is small but has excellent thermal conductivity. Furthermore, since the heat of the heat radiating body 43 is transmitted to the cooling pipe 22, the heat generating body 3 can be sufficiently cooled.

In particular, according to the above configuration, the heating element 3 can be sufficiently cooled by increasing the length in the stacking direction of the stacked cooler 20 and newly providing the cooling space 23 for cooling the radiator 43. Therefore, in the PCU 1 of this example, it is not necessary to newly provide a large cooler for cooling the heating element 3. Thereby, size reduction of PCU1 can be achieved.
Further, as described above, the stacked cooler 20 is lengthened in the stacking direction to secure the cooling space 23, so that it is not necessary to provide a new cooler in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. Therefore, the mountability of the PCU 1 on a vehicle or the like can be improved.

The radiator 43 is in close contact with the cooling pipe 22 to which the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 are connected. Thereby, the heat radiator 43 can be easily assembled in the first space 231.
That is, when the PCU 1 is assembled, the cooling pipe 22 connected to the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 is fixed to the PCU 1 main body, and the cooling pipe 22 is compressed in the stacking direction by, for example, the spring member 26 based on this. To do. Specifically, first, the main surface 220 of the cooling pipe 22 closest to the refrigerant supply pipe 221 and the refrigerant discharge pipe 222 is fixed in contact with the reactor 241. Next, the semiconductor modules 21 are arranged in the cooling space 23 in order from the first space 231. Thereafter, the cooling pipe 22 is compressed in the stacking direction by the spring member 26 as described above.

In such an assembly procedure, due to the dimensional tolerance of the thickness of the semiconductor module 21 and the cooling pipe 22 in the stacking direction, the accumulation of the dimensional tolerance increases as the distance from the first space 231 increases, and the displacement of the cooling space 23 is displaced. Sometimes it gets bigger. On the other hand, by first disposing the radiator 43 in the first space 231, the accumulation of the dimensional tolerance of the thickness of the semiconductor module 21 and the cooling pipe 22 is minimized, and the influence of the positional deviation of the cooling space 23 is almost eliminated. be able to.
Thereby, assembly | attachment property can be improved and the heat radiator 43 can be easily assembled | attached to the cooling space 23. FIG.

The heating element 3 is a DC-DC converter 31 that is disposed outside the power conversion device 2 and converts a direct current into a direct current having a different voltage. Therefore, the mountability of the PCU 1 on a vehicle or the like can be further improved. That is, by disposing the radiator 43 in the cooling space 231, the DC-DC converter 31 can be sufficiently cooled without adding a new large cooler.
As a result, the size of the DC-DC converter 31 and its cooler can be reduced, and the PCU 1 can be further miniaturized. Further, this makes it possible to further improve the mountability of the PCU 1 on a vehicle or the like.

  As described above, according to this example, it is possible to provide a power control unit that is small in size and excellent in mountability.

  In the above description, as shown in FIG. 4, the DC-DC converter 31 is disposed above the power converter 2. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the DC-DC converter 31 is disposed below the power converter 2. Can also be provided. Even in such a case, the operational effects of this example can be sufficiently exhibited.

(Example 2)
This example is an example of the PCU 1 in which the heating element 3 is a capacitor 243 incorporated in the inverter 2 as shown in FIG. That is, the PCU 1 is configured to transmit the heat of the capacitor 243 to the cooling space 23 of the stacked cooler 20 through the heat receiving body 41, the heat pipe 42, and the heat radiating body 43.
The heat receiving body 41 is disposed on the surface of the condenser 243 that is the heating element 3 on the side of the stacked cooler 20.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

As described above, since the heating element 3 is the capacitor 243 incorporated in the inverter 2 in this example, the size of the inverter 2 can be made sufficiently small. For this reason, the mounting property to the vehicle etc. of PCU1 can be improved further.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

( Reference example )
In this example, as shown in FIG. 7, the heating element 3 is an example of the PCU 1 that is a reactor 241 incorporated in the inverter 2. That is, the PCU 1 is configured to transmit the heat of the reactor 241 to the cooling space 23 of the stacked cooler 20 through the heat receiving body 41, the heat pipe 42, and the heat radiating body 43.
And the heat receiving body 41 is arrange | positioned at the surface at the side of the capacitor | condenser 243 in the reactor 241 which is the heat generating body 3. FIG.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

As described above, since the heating element 3 is the reactor 241 incorporated in the inverter 2 in this example, the PCU 1 can be reduced in size, and the mountability of the PCU 1 on a vehicle or the like can be further improved. .
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a power control unit according to the first embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a power control unit in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a power control unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the power control unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a power control unit in Embodiment 2. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the power control unit in a reference example . The perspective view of the power control unit in a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power control unit 2 Power converter 20 Stack type cooler 21 Semiconductor module 22 Cooling pipe 220 Main surface 23 Cooling space 3 Heating element 41 Heat receiving body 42 Heat pipe 43 Heat radiator

Claims (5)

A power control unit having a power conversion device comprising a plurality of semiconductor modules and a laminated cooler comprising a plurality of cooling pipes that cool the plurality of semiconductor modules from both main surfaces and are connected to each other,
One thing of the cooling space is formed between the the cooling tubes adjacent heat radiator connected via the heat conducting member and the heat pipe to heat from the heating element other than the semiconductor module is disposed,
The heat pipe is drawn out from the radiator in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the stacked cooler,
In the drawing direction of the heat pipe, the stacked cooler, the heat receiving body, and the heating element are arranged in this order ,
The heat radiator is arranged in a cooling space provided at one end in the stacking direction among the plurality of cooling spaces formed in the stacked cooler .   2. The refrigerant cooler according to claim 1, wherein the stacked cooler includes a refrigerant supply pipe for supplying a cooling medium from the outside to the inside of the plurality of cooling pipes, and a refrigerant for discharging the cooling medium to the outside from the plurality of cooling pipes A discharge pipe is connected to the cooling pipe at one end in the stacking direction, and the radiator is in close contact with the cooling pipe to which the refrigerant supply pipe and the refrigerant discharge pipe are connected. Power control unit.   3. The power control unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a converter that is disposed outside the power converter and converts a direct current into a direct current having a different voltage.   3. The power control unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a capacitor incorporated in the power converter.   3. The power control unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a reactor incorporated in the power converter.

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