JP5319642B2 - Counterweight block construction method for caisson breakwater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a counterweight block construction method for an existing caisson breakwater whose stability decreases due to an increase in wave height due to global warming, and in particular, it ensures a frictional force against a rubble mound with a construction structure that is easy to configure in water. The present invention relates to a counterweight block construction method for a caisson breakwater that can be increased to prevent the caisson from sliding and swinging.

  Conventionally, for example, the following methods for improving the stability of the caisson breakwater are known. This prior art is a method of constructing a breakwater by installing a caisson on a rubble mound built in water, and the rubble mound installs a subsidence in which water and synthetic fiber sheets are formed in a grid in the water Then, one end of a binding material having buoyancy is pivotally supported on this sinking through a hinge, and the binding material is placed upright by the buoyancy, and rubble is filled on the sinking floor and around the binding material. To construct. Next, the caisson breakwater is constructed by passing the bonding material protruding from the upper surface of the rubble mound through the hole opened in the bottom plate of the caisson, installing the caisson on the upper surface of the rubble mound, and connecting the bonding material and the caisson bottom plate. .

  As the binding material having buoyancy, a hollow rigid member or a rope member such as a steel pipe or a fume pipe closed at both ends is used, and the number of the binding materials is selected according to the scale of the caisson. The hole opened in the bottom plate of the caisson is closed with a lid in advance, and the lid is destroyed when penetrating the binder. In addition, the coupling between the caulson bottom plate and the caisson bottom plate is performed by closing the gap between the hole and the caulking material with gravel or mat, and then placing underwater concrete on the bottom plate to join the caisson bottom plate and the caulking material. Is done. And according to such a construction method, since an anchoring force can be obtained through the binding material, not only the sliding resistance increases, but also the resistance to the overturning moment increases (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-147922

  In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, the sliding resistance is increased by obtaining an anchoring force through a binding material. As the binding material, a member having buoyancy in water such as a hollow rigid member such as a steel pipe or a fume pipe having closed ends or a rope member is used. Therefore, a sliding resistance force is exerted by such a member having buoyancy in water. I think it is difficult to increase it sufficiently and reliably. The number of binders is selected according to the size of the caisson. However, when the number of the binding materials is a large number, it is possible to penetrate the multiple binding materials at once in water through a large number of holes opened in the bottom plate of the caisson and previously closed with a lid. I think it will be quite difficult.

  Therefore, with a construction structure that is easy to configure in water, the frictional force between the counterweight block and the rubble mound is reliably increased to prevent the caisson from sliding and swinging, and the work section of the counterweight block is made compact. There is a technical problem to be solved in order to reduce the amount of concrete used without affecting the draft of the ship and to achieve economic efficiency and CO2 emission reduction. The purpose is to solve the problem, and to create seaweed beds such as seaweed in the port by utilizing natural stones.

  The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is a counter for improving the wave resistance stability of a caisson breakwater constructed by installing a caisson on a rubble mound laid on the bottom of a water. A weight block construction method, wherein the weight of the rubble mound around the caisson is filled with rubble inside the frame of the frame concrete block, or the weight is filled with rubble in the central through-hole of the rectangular block. A counterweight block construction method for the caisson breakwater with a weight of any of the above is provided.

  According to this configuration, for example, by placing a weight of the required weight on the rubble mound behind the caisson (inside the harbor), the weight of the required weight is set between the weight of the required weight and the rubble mound. Frictional force (sliding resistance) is generated. This frictional force prevents the caisson from sliding and swinging. In addition, the filling rubble inside the frame of the concrete block of the frame or the rubble in the central through hole of the block concrete block and the rubble in the rubble mound have continuity. The frictional force is further increased by the generated shear resistance. Accordingly, it is possible to make the weight compact by an amount corresponding to the frictional force increased by the shear resistance.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the rubble is filled in the frame body of the frame concrete block, or the rubble is filled in the central through hole of the rectangular concrete block. Caisson breakwater counter with multiple layers of weights consisting of weights filled with rubble inside the frame of the concrete block, or weights filled with rubble in the central through hole of the above-mentioned block concrete block Provide weight block method.

  According to this configuration, when the size of the caisson is increased, the weight of the concrete block is filled with rubble, or the weight of the reinforced concrete block is filled with rubble. Can be constructed in a multi-layered structure according to the size of the caisson, so that even when the size of the caisson is increased, the weight of the required weight can be easily constructed. It becomes.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper opening inside the frame body of the frame concrete block at the uppermost stage or the upper opening of the central through hole of the rectangular concrete block at the uppermost stage. A cover block of a required weight for applying a load to the above-mentioned filling rubble is provided so as to face any one of the upper openings, and the cover block is provided with through holes in the vertical direction so as to reduce lift due to wave force. The counterweight block construction method for the caisson breakwater is provided.

  According to this configuration, even if the filling block sinks, the cover block settles down like a “falling lid” and continues to apply a load to the filling block between the filling block and the rubble in the rubble mound. It acts to increase the shear resistance generated in the.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first, second, or third aspect of the invention, the frame concrete block is formed by assembling a plurality of blocks, and the formed body is adjacent to the left and right and front and back and / or vertically. Constructed as a stacked assembly, the above-mentioned block concrete block is formed by adjoining a plurality of block blocks having notch portions around them so that the notch portions face each other, and the formed bodies are adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction. And / or a counterweight block construction method for improving the wave resistance stability of a caisson breakwater constructed as an aggregate stacked vertically.

According to this configuration, the frame concrete block is based on a formed body formed by assembling a plurality of blocks, and in the case of a block concrete block, a plurality of block blocks having notches around the block block Is formed as an aggregate in which the required number of the formed bodies are adjacent to each other on the left and right and back and / or stacked on top and bottom, based on a weight using the aggregate. However, it is possible to construct a weight of the required weight when the scale of the caisson is increased. Moreover, you may fill a vacant stone into the space | gap part formed adjacently so that the said notch part may oppose.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a frictional force corresponding to the weight of the weight is generated between the weight of the required weight and the rubble mound, so that the caisson can be prevented from sliding and swinging by the frictional force. it can. In addition, since the filling rubble and the rubble in the rubble mound have continuity, the frictional force can be further increased by the shear resistance generated between the filling rubble having the continuity and the rubble. Therefore, the weight can be made compact by an amount corresponding to the frictional force increased by the shear resistance, and the draft of the ship is not affected. Furthermore, there is an advantage in that the amount of concrete used is reduced by giving a part of the required weight to the filled rubble, which is economical and reduces CO2 emissions.

  In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 is a construction that can be easily constructed in water by stacking a plurality of weights when the scale of the caisson is increased. There is an advantage that the weight of the required weight corresponding to the caisson whose structure is enlarged can be easily constructed.

  In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the invention described in claim 3 further includes a lid block having a required weight facing the inside of the uppermost frame or the upper opening of the central through hole. A load is applied to the filled rubble, and the shear resistance can be further increased. Therefore, there is an advantage that the weight can be made more compact by the amount that the shear resistance is further increased.

  In addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, 2 or 3, the invention described in claim 4 is a formed body or a block concrete block for frame concrete block construction when the size of the caisson is increased. The required number of structural formations is configured as an aggregate that is adjacent to the left and right and front and back and / or stacked vertically, and the weight using the aggregate also has the required weight corresponding to the caisson whose size has been increased. There is an advantage that a weight can be constructed.

The figure shows a counterweight block construction method for a caisson breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The front view of the caisson breakwater constructed by the counterweight block construction method. It is a figure which expands and shows the frame concrete block applied to the counterweight block construction method of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. It is a figure which expands and shows the frame concrete block with the convex part for a fitting applied to the counterweight block construction method of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. . It is a figure which expands and shows the lid block applied to the counterweight block construction method of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the example which comprised the frame concrete block and the block concrete block as an aggregate | assembly of several blocks etc., (a) is a top view of the frame concrete block formed by the aggregate | assembly of four square blocks, (b ) Is a plan view of a block concrete block formed by a set of X blocks in a plan view, and (c) is a block concrete formed adjacent to each other so that the notches formed on the side surfaces of the cube block face each other. The top view of a block. The front view which shows the state which fitted the convex part for insertion in the cover block of FIG. 4 so that it might face the upper opening inside the frame of the frame concrete block of FIG. 2 in the uppermost stage filled with rubble. It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st construction method of frictional force increase, (a) is the basic which arranged the weight filled with rubble inside the frame body of a frame concrete block on the rubble mound behind a caisson. Front view for explaining the construction example, (b) shows the shear resistance force between the rubble and the rubble mound in the rubble mound mound with a lid block facing the upper opening inside the frame of the concrete block filled with rubble. The front view for demonstrating the increased state. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd construction method of frictional force increase, (a) is a front view for demonstrating the same state as FIG.7 (b), (b) is frame concrete of FIG. (A). A front view for explaining the state where passive stone pressure is generated in the rubble packed behind this block, and (c) is the rubble packed behind the frame concrete block in Fig. (B) The front view for demonstrating the state which mounted the presser block and increased the shear resistance of this rubble part. It is a figure for demonstrating the 3rd construction method of frictional force increase, (a) is a front view which shows the weight using the bottom frame concrete block arrange | positioned on the rubble mound behind a caisson, (b) ) Is the weight and rubble using the bottom frame concrete block by injecting a hardener into the rubble mound from the small diameter through holes and the inside of the frame block in the frame concrete block of Fig. (A) The front view for demonstrating the state which improved the unity with a mound.

  The present invention has a construction structure that is easy to configure in water and reliably increases the frictional force between the counterweight block and the rubble mound to prevent the caisson from sliding and swinging. Caisson on the rubble mound laid on the bottom of the water in order to achieve the objective of reducing the consumption of concrete and reducing the amount of concrete used to reduce economy and reduce CO2 emissions. Is a counterweight block construction method that improves the wave resistance stability of the caisson breakwater constructed by installing a rubble on the rubble mound around the caisson, or a weight in which rubble is filled inside the frame of the frame concrete block or Place the weight of the required weight consisting of one of the weights filled with rubble in the central through hole of the block concrete block It was realized by doing.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, a caisson breakwater constructed by the counterweight block construction method according to the present embodiment, a frame concrete block, a lid block, and the like applied to the counterweight block construction method will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, the caisson breakwater 1 constructed by the counterweight block construction method basically has a caisson 3 installed on a rubble mound 2 laid on the bottom of the water, and a rubble mound mainly behind the caisson 3 (inside the harbor). 2 is constructed by arranging a weight filled with rubble inside the frame body of the frame concrete block as a counterweight block.

  As the frame concrete block constituting the weight, a triangular, quadrangular, hexagonal or octagonal shape can be applied in plan view. In FIG. 1, a rectangular (rectangular) shape is applied. Has been. One of the purposes of filling the inside of the frame of the frame concrete block with rubble is to reduce the amount of concrete used by giving a part of the weight of the required weight to the filled rubble to reduce costs. And to reduce CO2 emissions.

The weight 4 as a counterweight block configured using the frame concrete block or the like has a required weight corresponding to the size of the caisson 3, and the weight 4 of the required weight, the rubble mound 2, A frictional force (sliding resistance force) corresponding to the weight of the weight 4 is generated during this period, and the sliding and swinging of the caisson 3 is suppressed by this frictional force.

  The rubble mound 2 is laid on the bottom of the stone by covering a stone with a weight of about 200 to 500 kg / piece and a rubble made of crushed stone 2a with a covering stone 2b having a weight of about 1 t / piece. ing. The caisson 3 installed on such a rubble mound 2 has a vertical size of about 10 m and a horizontal size of about 14 m, and a fairly large one is applied, and an upper work 3 a is formed on the upper part, and the upper work 3 a The upper part of the parapet 3b protrudes at one end side (outside of the port).

  The weight 4 as the counterweight block is compact with a required weight corresponding to the fairly large caisson 3 as described above, and can be easily constructed in water. What was comprised like this is used. That is, a weight 4B filled with rubble inside the frame of the frame concrete block with the fitting convex portion, and a rubble inside the frame of the frame concrete block with the fitting concave portion corresponding to the fitting convex portion. The two weights 4A and 4B with the weight 4A filled with the weight are stacked, and the weights 4A and 4B face the upper opening inside the frame body of the frame concrete block in the upper weight 4A. It is the structure which provided the cover block 5 for applying a load to filling rubble.

  The weights 4A and 4B are arranged after placing a frame concrete block with projections for fitting on the rubble mound 2 behind the caisson 3, and then filling the inside of the frame with rubble to make a weight 4B. A frame concrete block having a fitting recess on the weight 4B is arranged so that the fitting protrusion fits into the fitting recess, and the frame is filled with rubble and weight 4A. As described above, the frames of each frame body concrete block are stacked in two stages while being filled with rubble.

  In addition, the weight 4 portion as the counterweight block is packed with rubble 2c behind the two weights 4A and 4B which are stacked in order to increase the frictional force of the weight 4 portion. A passive earth pressure is generated on the packed rubble 2c, and a presser block 6 is placed on the rubble 2c to increase the shear resistance of the rubble 2c. The frictional force between the weight 4 portion and the rubble mound 2 further increases due to the increase in the shear resistance of the rubble 2c portion.

  In addition, the weight can be rubbed inside the frame of the frame concrete block by filling the through hole in the center of the rectangular block with a triangular, quadrilateral, hexagonal or octagonal rectangular shape in plan view. The same function as that of the weight formed by filling the can be produced. However, as for the weight in the following description of the present embodiment, the description will be made mainly on the case where rubble is filled in the frame body of the frame concrete block.

  Next, each frame concrete block, block concrete block and lid block applied to the present counterweight block construction method will be described with reference to FIGS. (A), (b), and (c) of FIG. 2 show the frame concrete block 7 with a fitting recess applied to the structure of the weight 4A. The frame concrete block 7 has a square shape (square) in plan view, a size of 2 m in length, 4 m in width, a height of about 1 m, and a weight of about 12 t.

  A tapered rectangular frame hole 7a having an upper opening slightly larger than the lower opening is opened in the frame body at the center of the frame concrete block 7 in plan view. The dimensions of the upper opening in the rectangular frame hole 7a are about 1.2 m in length and about 3.2 m in width. And the recessed part 7b for a fitting is provided in the opposing position of the horizontal direction center part of a frame lower surface. In the four corners of the frame concrete block 7 in plan view, anchor and injection holes 7c having appropriate diameters are formed.

  FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show a framed concrete block 8 with a fitting convex part and a fitting concave part applied to the structure of the weight 4B. The frame concrete block 8 is provided with a fitting convex portion 8b corresponding to the fitting concave portion 7b in the frame concrete block 7 at a position opposed to the central portion in the lateral direction on the upper surface of the frame body, and the bottom surface of the frame body. A fitting recess 8c is provided at a position opposite the central portion in the horizontal direction. Other shapes, dimensions and weight, the shape and size of the rectangular frame hole 8a, the anchor hole 8d and the like are the same as those in the frame concrete block 7.

  4A, 4B, and 4C show the lid block 5. FIG. The lid block 5 has substantially the same outer shape and dimensions as the frame concrete block 7 and has a weight of about 20 t. On the bottom surface of the lid block 5, a protruding convex portion 5 a having a length of about 1 m, a width of about 3 m, and a downward projecting height of about 20 to 40 cm is projected. The lid block 5 is provided with through holes (not shown) in the vertical direction, so that lift due to wave force is reduced and the function as the lid block 5 is more effectively generated.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which a frame concrete block and a block concrete block are configured by a set of a plurality of blocks and the like. In FIG. 2A, a frame concrete block 10 in a square unit (square) in plan view having a square frame hole 10b is formed by a set of four square blocks 10a,. In FIG. 5B, two rectangular blocks 11a and 11a having an X shape in a plan view are adjacent to each other so that the concave portions 11b and 11b of the triangular shape in a plan view face each other, whereby a unit rectangular block having a rectangular through hole 11c is obtained. A concrete block 11 is formed. In FIG. 5C, two cubic rectangular blocks 12a and 12a each having a notch 12b formed on each side face are adjacent to each other so that the notches 12b and 12b face each other. A unit concrete block 12 having a hole 12c is formed.

  The frame concrete block 10 of the unit and the block concrete blocks 11 and 12 of each unit are configured as an aggregate in which the required number is adjacent to the left and right and back and / or stacked vertically, and the aggregate is used. With the weight, it is possible to construct the weight of the required weight when the scale of the caisson 3 is increased.

  FIG. 6 shows a state in which the lid block 5 of FIG. 4 is provided facing the upper opening of the rectangular frame hole 7a in the frame concrete block 7 of FIG. 2 filled with rubble 2d. The protrusion 5a for fitting in the lid block 5 faces the upper opening of the rectangular frame hole 7a in the frame concrete block 7, and the lid block 5 follows this even if the filling rubble 2d of the frame concrete block 7 sinks. Then, it sinks like a “drop lid” and continues to apply a load to the filled rubble 2d.

  In FIG. 6, the symbol u is a predicted amount of settlement of the lid block 5, and is about 10 to 20 cm, for example. Further, in FIG. 6, reference numeral s1 is a predicted shear line generated between the filled rubble 2d without the lid block and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound, and the reference s2 is the filled rubble with the lid block 5 as shown. This is a predicted shear line generated between 2d and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound. Further, the filling amount (or height) of the filling stone is appropriately selected without limitation.

  By applying a weight filled with rubble 2d inside the rectangular frame hole 7a (inside the frame) of the frame concrete block 7 as indicated by the predicted shear line s1, the rubble 2a in the rubble 2d and the rubble mound 2 And a shear resistance force is generated between the filled rubble 2d and the rubble 2a having the continuity, and the frictional force is increased. In this way, the rubble 2d is filled in the rectangular frame hole 7a of the frame concrete block 7 in addition to the purpose of reducing the amount of the concrete used, and the rubble in the rubble 2d and the rubble mound 2 is further reduced. It is an even greater purpose to provide continuity to 2a and increase the frictional force by the shear resistance generated between them.

  Further, as indicated by the predicted shear line s2 when the lid block 5 is present, a load is applied to the filled rubble 2d by the lid block 5 to generate between the filled rubble 2d and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound 2. The shear resistance (internal friction force) is increased and the friction force is further increased.

Next, each method of increasing the frictional force in the caisson breakwater constructed by the counterweight block method will be described in order.
<First method of increasing frictional force>
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a first method for increasing the frictional force. The figure (a) has shown the state which has arrange | positioned the weight filled with the rubble 2d in the square frame hole 7a (frame inside) of the frame concrete block 7 on the rubble mound behind the caisson 3, This corresponds to the case without the lid block in FIG. At this time, in response to the movement tendency of the caisson 3, the passively filled rubble 2d tends to slide up obliquely upward along the inclined sliding surface q1 (corresponding to the predicted shear line s1).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the cover block 5 is provided so as to face the upper opening of the rectangular frame hole 7a in the frame concrete block 7, and the load is applied to the filling rubble 2d, thereby filling the rubble. 2d and the rubble mound 2a in the rubble mound mesh with each other, and the inclined sliding surface q1 changes like a sliding surface q2 (corresponding to the expected shear line s2), and the sliding up of the filling rubble 2d is suppressed. As a result, the shear resistance force (internal friction force) generated between the filled rubble 2d and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound increases, and the friction force increases.
<Second method of increasing frictional force>
(A), (b), and (c) of FIG. 8 show a second method of increasing the frictional force. FIG. 7A shows the same state as FIG. 7B. That is, FIG. 2A shows that a weight using a frame concrete block 7 is placed on a rubble mound behind the caisson 3, and faces the upper opening of the rectangular frame hole 7a in the frame concrete block 7. By providing the lid block 5, the inclined sliding surface is changed to the sliding surface q 2 to increase the shear resistance force (internal frictional force) generated between the filling rubble 2 d and the rubble 2 a in the rubble mound. Show.

  FIG. 8 (b) shows a state in which crushed stone 2c is packed behind the weight using the frame concrete block 7 in the state of FIG. 8 (a), and passive earth pressure is generated in the rubbed stone 2c packed behind this. ing. In the state where the passive earth pressure is generated, the rubble 2c tends to slide up obliquely upward along the inclined sliding surface q3.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), by placing the presser block 6 on the rubble 2c packed behind the frame concrete block 7 and continuously applying a load to the rubble 2c, the inclined sliding surface q3 slides. It changes like the surface q4, and the sliding up of the rubble 2c is suppressed. As a result, the shear resistance (internal frictional force) generated between the rubble 2c and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound increases, and the frictional force increases.

<Third method of increasing frictional force>
FIGS. 9A and 9B show a third method for increasing the frictional force. The figure (a) has shown the weight using the bottom frame concrete block 7 arrange | positioned on the rubble mound 2 behind a caisson. In this construction method, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), a hardener 9 is injected into the plurality of anchor holes (small-diameter through holes) 7 c in the frame concrete block 7 and the rubble 2 a in the rubble mound 2 from the inside of the frame. A spike effect is produced. And by this spike effect, the unity between the weight using the bottom frame concrete block 7 and the rubble mound 2 is enhanced, and the weight using the bottom frame concrete block 7 and the rubble mound 2 are The frictional force between them is increased.

  In addition to the first to third methods, the following methods can be applied as methods for increasing the frictional force. (1) The anchor is driven into the rubble in the rubble mound through a plurality of anchor holes in the lowermost frame concrete block, and the unity between the weight using the lowermost frame concrete block and the rubble mound is improved. Increase the frictional force between the weight and rubble mound using the lower frame concrete block. (2) A protrusion is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom frame concrete block, and the protrusion is inserted into the rubble in the rubble mound to increase the frictional force between the weight using the bottom frame concrete block and the rubble mound. . (3) For the rubble where the increase in shear resistance is expected, the rubble that has higher hardness (strength) than ordinary rubble is used to prevent shear failure of the rubble and maintain the increased state of shear resistance over a long period of time. . (4) Although the frame concrete block forms a frame with a single block, it increases the shear resistance between the rubble in the filling rubble and rubble mound as an aggregate frame concrete block in which multiple blocks are assembled. Let

  As described above, in the counterweight block construction method of the caisson breakwater according to the present embodiment, the weight of the required weight in which the rubble is filled inside the frame body of the frame concrete block on the rubble mound 2 behind the caisson 3. By arranging, a frictional force corresponding to the weight of the weight is generated between the weight of the required weight and the rubble mound 2, and the sliding / swinging of the caisson 3 can be suppressed by this frictional force.

  Since the rubble 2d and the rubble 2a in the rubble mound 2 have continuity, the friction force can be further increased by the shear resistance force (internal friction force) generated between the rubble 2d and the rubble 2a having the continuity. . As a result, the weight can be made compact by an amount corresponding to the frictional force increased by the shear resistance, and the draft of the ship is not affected.

  By giving a part of the required weight to the filled rubble 2d, the amount of concrete used can be reduced, and the construction method can achieve economic efficiency and CO2 emission reduction.

  When the size of the caisson 3 is increased, it is possible to easily add the required weight corresponding to the caisson 3 whose size is increased with a construction structure in which the weight is stacked in a plurality of stages and the structure in water is easy. Can be built.

  By providing the lid block 5 having a required weight so as to face the upper opening inside the uppermost frame, a load is applied to the filling rubble 2d, and the shear resistance (internal friction force) can be further increased. Therefore, the weight can be made more compact by the amount that the shear resistance is further increased.

  The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention naturally extends to the modified ones.

  In addition, the present invention activates the environment by mixing the amino acids during the production of the concrete block and releasing the amino acids after laying in order that the filling stone helps the seagrass implantation and improvement and improves the ecosystem. You can also Furthermore, when the concrete block is near the sea surface, it can also play an artificial tidal flat.

  The construction structure underwater is easy to construct, and the frictional force between the counterweight block and the mound is surely increased to prevent the levee body from sliding and swinging. In addition to caisson breakwaters such as rubble breakwaters, upright breakwaters, and hybrid breakwaters, it is essential to reduce the amount of concrete used and reduce the amount of concrete used to make it economical. Can also be widely applied.

1 Caisson Breakwater 2 Rubble Mound 2a Rubble in Rubble Mound 2d Filled Rubble 3 Caisson 4 Weight (Counter Weight Block)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Lid block 6 Presser block 7 Frame concrete block with a recessed part for a fitting 8 Frame concrete block with a convex part for a fitting and a recessed part for a fitting 9 Hardener 10 Frame concrete block 11 A block concrete block 12 A block concrete block

Claims (4)

A caisson breakwater counterweight block construction method constructed by installing caisson on a rubble mound laid on the bottom of the water,
The required weight consisting of either a weight filled with rubble inside the frame body of the concrete frame block or a weight filled with rubble in the central through hole of the block concrete block on the rubble mound around the caisson. A counterweight block construction method for caisson breakwater, characterized by the weight of   While filling rubble inside the frame of the frame concrete block, or filling rubble in the central through hole of the rectangular concrete block, the weight filled with rubble inside the frame of the frame concrete block, Alternatively, the counterweight block construction method for the caisson breakwater according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of weights each consisting of a weight filled with rubble are stacked in a central through hole of the block concrete block.   For applying a load to the filling rubble facing either the upper opening inside the frame of the frame concrete block at the uppermost stage or the upper opening of the central through hole of the rectangular concrete block at the uppermost stage The counterweight of the caisson breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lid block having a required weight is provided and the lid block is provided with a through-hole in the vertical direction so as to reduce lift due to wave force. Block method.   The frame concrete block is formed by assembling a plurality of blocks, and is formed as an aggregate in which the formed body is adjacent to the left and right and back and / or stacked vertically, and the block concrete block has a notch around the periphery. A plurality of block blocks having a plurality of blocks are formed adjacent to each other so that the notch portions face each other, and the formed body is configured as an assembly in which the formed body is adjacent to the left and right and front and / or stacked vertically. , 2 or 3 Caisson breakwater counterweight block construction method.

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