JP5312472B2 - 一方向弁を備えるフェースマスク - Google Patents
一方向弁を備えるフェースマスク Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
- A62B18/10—Valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/02—Masks
- A62B18/025—Halfmasks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
- A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
- A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Check Valves (AREA)
Description
本発明の説明に用いられる用語は、次の意味を有する。
「傾いていない」は、弁フラップに関連して使用されるとき、可撓性フラップの上にかかるいずれかの機械力又は内部応力により、フラップが封止表面に向かって又はこれに対して押されていないことを意味する。
様々な要因により、本発明に関連して使用される封止表面は、一方向弁の全体的な設計によって、剛性又は弾性であってよい。
本発明の一方向弁で使用される隔壁(及びこれらに形成される弁フラップ)は、多様な材料を使用して、多様な形態で製造され得る。詳細にかかわらず、本発明の一方向弁で使用される隔壁に形成される弁フラップは、好ましくは、一方向の圧力に反応して開き、この圧力が選択される水準を下回ったときに、閉鎖位置に容易に戻るように、動的に曲がるか、又は変形する。
本発明の一方向弁を含むフェースマスクは、例えば、ハーフ及びフルフェースマスク及びフードを含む、様々な形態をとり得る。本明細書において記載されるように、一方向弁はフェースマスクと関連する吸気又は呼気弁のいずれかとして使用され得る。
硬度測定
ナノくぼみ技術を用いて、弁座に使用される材料の硬度を決定した。ナノくぼみ技術により、封止表面用途に使用するための未加工材料試料、又は弁組立品の一部として組み込まれたときの封止表面のいずれをも試験することが可能になった。この試験は、37839テネシー州オークリッジのナノインスツルメンツ・イノベーションセンター(Nano Instruments Innovation Center 1001 Larson Drive, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37839)のMTSシステムズ社(MTS Systems Corp.)から入手可能な微小くぼみ装置、MTSナノXPマイクロメカニカル試験機(MTS Nano XP Micromechanical Tester)を使用して実施された。この装置を使用して、65度の半円錐角(half cone angle)を有するバーコビッチ(Berkovich)角錐ダイヤモンド圧子の押し込み深さが、最大荷重までの付加力の関数として測定された。公称負荷速度は、40%の表面接近感度及び最大0.8nm/sに設定された空間ドリフト設定点で、毎秒10ナノメートル(nm/s)であった。溶融シリカ較正標準を除き全ての試験について、一定ひずみ速度試験が深さ5,000nmまで使用され、溶融シリカの場合、一定ひずみ速度が最終荷重100,000マイクロニュートンまで使用された。ひずみ速度、調和(harmonic)変位、及びポアソン比についての目標値は、それぞれ0.05s−1、45Hz、及び0.4であった。試験試料をホルダーに固定して、試験すべき対象表面が、装置のビデオスクリーンを通す包括的な視野から位置決めされた。試験装置の100倍のビデオ倍率で試験領域を局所的に選定して、試験された領域が、所望のサンプル材料の代表である、即ち、空隙、介在物、又はくずがないことを確実にした。試験手順の中で、各試験実施に対する「証人」として、溶融石英標準について1回の試験が実施される。繰返し方法による試験の前に、顕微鏡光学軸と圧子軸の間の軸整列が、溶融石英標準に試験くぼみが作られた場所で、チェック及び較正され、試験装置のソフトウエアによる誤差修正がなされる。試験システムは、連続剛性測定(Continuous Stiffness Measurement:CSM)モードで操作された。メガパスカル(MPa)又はギガパスカル(GPa)で報告される硬度は、試料の塑性流動の開始についての閾値接触応力として定義され、次のように与えられる。
P=荷重
A=接触面積
片持ち曲げ比
片持ち曲げ試験を用いて、試料がそれ自体の質量で曲がる長さを測定することによって、材料の薄いストリップの硬度を表示することができる。試験試料は、0.794cm幅の材料ストリップを約5cmの長さに切断することにより調製される。試料が、水平表面の90度縁部の上をその長さ寸法に平行な方向に滑らされる。材料1.5cmが縁部を超えて延びる後で(延び長さ)、試料の撓みが、ストリップ端における最下方縁から水平表面までの垂直距離として測定される。試料の撓みがその延び長さにより割り算されて、片持ち曲げ比として報告される。1に近い片持ち曲げ比であれば、ゼロに近い片持ち曲げ比よりも高いレベルの可撓性を表す。
Claims (3)
- フェースマスクであって、
着用された際に、人の、少なくとも鼻及び口を覆ってフィットし、内部気体空間を画定することを助けるように構成された、マスク本体と、
前記内部気体空間と外部気体空間との間の流体連通を可能にする、一方向弁と、を含み、
前記一方向弁は、
前記マスク本体に取り付けられた基部であって、2つ以上の開口部を有し、これを通して気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができ、前記2つ以上の開口部の各開口部は、該各開口部の周囲に延びる封止表面によって囲まれる、基部と、
前記基部に取り付けられると共に、通気孔構造を有する弁カバーと、
前記基部に位置付けられる静止隔壁であって、2つ以上の開口部及びそれらの各封止表面の上に延びる、静止隔壁と、
前記静止隔壁内に形成され、かつ、前記弁カバーと前記基部との間に配置された2つ以上の弁フラップであって、前記2つ以上の弁フラップの1つの弁フラップが、前記2つ以上の開口部の各開口部の上に位置し、前記2つ以上の弁フラップの各弁フラップは、前記静止隔壁を通して形成される境界スロットと、それに沿って前記弁フラップが前記静止隔壁に結合されるヒンジとを含み、前記境界スロットは第1端部から第2端部に延びる前記弁フラップの自由縁部を画定し、各弁フラップの自由端部は弁フラップが同一方向に開くように配置され、前記ヒンジは前記弁フラップの前記自由縁部の前記第1端部と前記第2端部との間に延びる、弁フラップと、を含み、
前記2つ以上の弁フラップの各弁フラップは、前記弁フラップが前記開口部の周囲に延びる前記封止表面に接触する閉鎖位置であって、前記弁フラップが前記開口部の上に位置して前記開口部を閉じる閉鎖位置を有し、前記弁フラップは、また、前記開口部および前記弁カバーの前記通気孔構造を通って、気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができるように、前記弁フラップの少なくとも一部が前記封止表面から持ち上げられる開放位置を有する、フェースマスク。 - フェースマスクであって、
着用された際に、人の、少なくとも鼻及び口を覆ってフィットし、内部気体空間を画定することを助けるように構成された、マスク本体と、
前記内部気体空間と外部気体空間との間の流体連通を許容する、一方向弁と、を含み、
前記一方向弁は、
前記マスク本体に取り付けられた基部であって、2つ以上の開口部を有し、これを通して気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができ、前記2つ以上の開口部の各開口部は、該各開口部の周囲に延びる封止表面によって囲まれる、基部と、
前記2つ以上の開口部の各開口部を覆うように位置する弁フラップであって、各弁フラップは静止部分と可動部分とを含み、ヒンジが前記静止部分と前記可動部分との間に位置し、各弁フラップは、前記ヒンジの外側の弁フラップの可動部分の周囲に延びる自由縁部を含む、弁フラップと、を含み、
各弁フラップは、前記弁フラップの前記可動部分が前記開口部の周囲に延びる前記封止表面に接触する閉鎖位置であって、前記弁フラップが前記開口部の上に位置して前記開口部を閉じる閉鎖位置を含み、前記弁フラップは、また、気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができるように、前記弁フラップの前記可動部分が前記封止表面から持ち上げられる開放位置を含み、
前記2つ以上の開口部の上に位置する前記弁フラップは、一方の弁フラップの前記自由縁部が他方の弁フラップのヒンジに隣接して位置するように、同一方向に向けられ、
前記弁フラップの前記ヒンジは、互いにほぼ平行であり、
前記弁フラップのうちの少なくとも1つの弁フラップのヒンジは、弁フラップを通して形成された1つ以上のヒンジスロットと、弁フラップの前記可動部分が前記静止部分に接続された1つ以上のランド部分と、を有する、フェースマスク。 - フェースマスクであって、
着用された際に、人の、少なくとも鼻及び口を覆ってフィットし、内部気体空間を画定することを助けるように構成された、マスク本体と、
前記内部気体空間と外部気体空間との間の流体連通を許容する、一方向弁と、を含み、
前記一方向弁は、
前記マスク本体に取り付けられた基部であって、開口部を含み、該開口部を通して気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができ、前記開口部は、前記開口部の周囲に延びる封止表面によって囲まれる、基部と、
前記開口部の上に位置する弁フラップであって、静止部分と可動部分とを含み、ヒンジが前記静止部分と前記可動部分との間に位置する、弁フラップと、を含み、
前記弁フラップは、前記弁フラップが前記封止表面に接触して前記開口部を閉じる閉鎖位置を有し、前記弁フラップは、また、気体が前記内部気体空間と前記外部気体空間との間を通過することができるように前記弁フラップの前記可動部分が前記封止表面から持ち上げられる開放位置を有し、
更に、前記ヒンジは、前記弁フラップを通じて形成された1つ以上のヒンジスロットと、前記弁フラップの前記可動部分が前記弁フラップの前記静止部分に接続される1つ以上のランド部分とを含み、
前記弁フラップが前記閉鎖位置にあるとき、前記1つ以上のヒンジスロットは前記封止表面の外側に位置する、フェースマスク。
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EP (3) | EP2217334B1 (ja) |
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2008
- 2008-10-13 RU RU2010121724/12A patent/RU2423158C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-13 EP EP08869652.1A patent/EP2217334B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-10-13 JP JP2010536031A patent/JP5312472B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-13 PL PL08869652T patent/PL2217334T3/pl unknown
- 2008-10-13 US US12/250,059 patent/US8757156B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-13 CN CN2012100520789A patent/CN102553097A/zh active Pending
- 2008-10-13 CN CN2008801179952A patent/CN101878055B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-13 AU AU2008347020A patent/AU2008347020B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-10-13 KR KR1020107013888A patent/KR20100105624A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-10-13 EP EP11156514A patent/EP2345458B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-10-13 RU RU2011110540/12A patent/RU2461400C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-13 WO PCT/US2008/079693 patent/WO2009088545A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-13 EP EP11156513A patent/EP2345457B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2008347020B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
EP2217334A2 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
CN101878055B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
EP2345458B1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2345457B1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2345458A1 (en) | 2011-07-20 |
KR20100105624A (ko) | 2010-09-29 |
WO2009088545A3 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
AU2008347020A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
CN101878055A (zh) | 2010-11-03 |
US20090133700A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP2217334B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
RU2461400C1 (ru) | 2012-09-20 |
PL2217334T3 (pl) | 2014-04-30 |
WO2009088545A2 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
EP2345457A1 (en) | 2011-07-20 |
CN102553097A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
MX2010005764A (es) | 2010-06-18 |
RU2423158C1 (ru) | 2011-07-10 |
US8757156B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
JP2011504786A (ja) | 2011-02-17 |
RU2011110540A (ru) | 2012-07-10 |
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