JP5309445B2 - Spindle device and multi-task machine tool provided with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle device and a multi-tasking machine tool including the same, and more particularly to a main spindle device attached to a main spindle head of a portal machining center and a multi-tasking machine tool including the same.

  Conventionally, as a multi-tasking machine tool that performs machining such as cutting and drilling by three-dimensional relative movement between a large workpiece and a tool, for example, a table to which a workpiece is attached is reciprocated linearly, and a spindle having a tool is set to X A portal machining center that controls in the direction of the axis, Y axis, and Z axis is used.

In the portal machining center, a saddle is attached to a cross rail supported by two columns, a spindle head is attached to an end of a ram that moves in the Z-axis direction with respect to the saddle, and two spindle heads A motor built-in main shaft is pivotably attached to the support arm via a bracket (for example, see Patent Document 1).
International Publication No. 96/41695 (Fig. 4)

  By the way, in the spindle used in the combined machining machine tool described in Patent Document 1, fluids such as cutting fluid, lubricating oil, cooling fluid, compressed air, and hydraulic hydraulic fluid are used, and these fluids are supplied or discharged. A flow path is required. Conventionally, each of these flow paths is configured by connecting to a main shaft using piping. For this reason, when performing maintenance of the main shaft, when disassembling or assembling the main shaft from the bracket, many pipes must be disassembled and assembled, which takes time for maintenance. During maintenance, it is necessary to stop the machine, which increases the downtime and decreases productivity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle device and a multi-tasking machine tool that can exchange a spindle in a very short time, have a short downtime during maintenance, and have high productivity. There is to do.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) a bracket having a cylindrical portion that is pivotally supported by a support arm via a pivot shaft attached to a side surface and that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is detachably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and that has a mounting surface facing the surface of the bracket, and is disposed between the rotating part and the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating part with respect to the housing;
The housing has a flange portion that is attached to a surface of the bracket on the side where the main shaft is inserted and removed when the main shaft is replaced, and forms the mounting surface.
On the mounting surface of the flange portion, a flow passage opening for fluid supplied to the main shaft is formed,
On the surface of the bracket to which the flange portion is attached, an opening communicating with the flow path opening of the flange portion is formed,
On the side surface of the bracket to which the swivel shaft is attached, an opening communicating with the flow path formed in the swivel shaft is formed,
In the bracket, an opening formed in a surface to which the flange portion is attached communicates with an opening formed in a side surface to which the turning shaft is attached.
(2) A multi-task machine tool comprising the spindle device according to (1).

  According to the present invention, the housing that is removably attached to the cylindrical portion of the bracket is formed with the flow passage opening for the fluid supplied to the main shaft on the mounting surface facing the surface of the bracket. Since the fluid flow path is disconnected simultaneously with the removal, the main shaft can be removed from the bracket in a short time without disassembling the piping. In addition, since the fluid flow path is connected at the same time that the main shaft is assembled to the bracket, it is not necessary to assemble the pipe as in the case of disassembly, and the main shaft can be assembled to the bracket in a short time. In addition, in the case of a flow path used as a fluid discharge, since there is no opening on the main shaft side other than the mounting surface, it is possible to reliably prevent entry of foreign matters and the like.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a spindle machine and a portal machining center as a combined machining machine tool according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the portal machining center 1, a table 3 is supported on a bed 2 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and a pair of columns 4 are erected on both sides of the bed 2. A cross rail 5 is installed on the upper end of the column 4, and a saddle 6 is provided on the cross rail 5 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction. The saddle 6 also supports a ram 7 that can be raised and lowered in the Z-axis direction. The spindle device 20 of the present invention can be rotationally indexed around the Y-axis and the Z-axis at the lower end of the ram 7. A spindle head 8 to be held is mounted.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spindle head 8 is provided with a pair of support arms 9 so as to sandwich the bracket 21 of the spindle device 20, and both sides of the bracket 21 are provided inside the support arm 9. A pair of revolving shafts 10 fixed to each other are rotatably accommodated via a plurality of bearings 11. In addition, a motor 12 is disposed on one of the turning shafts 10, whereby the spindle device 20 is attached to the pair of support arms 9 so as to be rotatable about the Y axis (the turning axis A). Note that the turning drive of the spindle device 20 may be such that the turning shaft 10 is gear driven instead of arranging the motor 12 around the turning shaft 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bracket 21 of the spindle device 20 has a cylindrical portion 22 in which the turning shaft 10 is fixed to both side surfaces in the Y-axis direction and penetrates in the X-axis direction (substantially perpendicular to the turning axis). And a rear lid 25 fixed to the rear end surface of the bracket main body 23. And the housing 32 of the main axis | shaft 30 is attached to the cylinder part 22 of this bracket main body 23 so that insertion or removal is possible. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 23 a is a bolt hole for attaching the turning shaft 10.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the main shaft 30 is a motor built-in type, and includes a rotating part 31 that can be fitted with a tool W at the tip, a housing 32 that is removably attached to the cylindrical part 22 of the bracket body 23, and a rotating part. The front and rear bearings 50 and 51 are disposed between the housing 31 and the housing 32 and rotatably support the rotating portion 31 with respect to the housing 32.

  The housing 32 includes an intermediate housing 35 to which the stator 34 is attached, a sleeve housing 36, a rear housing 37, a rear cover 38, a front housing 40 formed integrally with the outer tube 39, and a front of the front housing 40. A front cover 41 and a front cover 42 attached to the front cover 42. The intermediate housing 35 and the sleeve housing 36 may be integrated. Further, the outer cylinder 39 and the front housing 40 may be formed separately.

  The rotating unit 31 includes a rotatable rotating shaft 44 having a rotor 43, a draw bar 45 attached to the rotating shaft 44 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction inside the rotating shaft 44, and the draw bar 45 fixing the tool holder 46. And a spring 48 arranged on the draw bar 45 so as to draw the collet portion 47 to the inside in the axial direction, and arranged so as to be compressible between the rotary shaft 44 and the large-diameter portion 45a of the draw bar 45 in the axial direction. Is done. In addition, although the disc spring is used as the spring 48, you may use a coil spring, a helical disc spring, etc.

  The front bearing 50 is constituted by a combination angular contact ball bearing in which an outer ring is fixed to the front housing 40 and an inner ring is fitted on one end side of the rotating shaft 44. The sleeve housing 36 disposed on the other end side of the rotary shaft 44 is fitted with a bearing sleeve 49 that is movable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 44, and the rear bearing 51 has an outer ring that is a bearing sleeve. 49 and a pair of angular contact ball bearings in which the inner ring is fitted on the other end side of the rotating shaft 44, and cooperates with the front bearing 50 to rotatably support the rotating shaft 44.

  On the rear end side of the draw bar 45, there is provided a piston abutting portion 63 that is pressed by a piston pressing portion 62 attached to the piston 61 of the piston mechanism 60 for tool change. In the piston mechanism 60, the piston 61 is moved forward by introducing a pressure medium such as oil, water, air, etc. into the forward pressure introducing portion 64, and the piston pressing portion 62 of the piston 61 moves the piston abutting portion 63. Then, the draw bar 45 is pushed and moved in the axial direction to push out the tool W to be in a tool unclamped state. On the other hand, when the pressure of the forward-side pressure introducing portion 64 is released and the pressure medium is introduced into the backward-side pressure introducing portion 65, the piston 61 is moved backward, and the draw bar 45 is moved back in the axial direction to move the tool clamp. State.

  A position detection sensor 66 for detecting the position of the piston 61 of the piston mechanism 60 and a tool detection sensor 67 for detecting the presence or absence of the tool W are fixed to the rear cover 38. An encoder 68 for detecting the rotational speed of 44 is arranged.

  The outer cylinder 39 is fixed to the bracket 21 by fastening the flange portion 35 a of the intermediate housing 35 to the front end surface of the bracket body 23. For this reason, the outer cylinder 39 is configured such that the main shaft 30 can be extracted from the bracket 21 to the distal end side by removing the bolt 71.

  Further, a flow path opening is provided in the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a of the intermediate housing 35 facing the front end surface of the bracket main body 23, and all the fluid supplied to the main shaft 30 is formed on the mounting surface 35b. Is supplied or discharged from the flow path opening. As shown in FIG. 7, on the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a, a cooling oil inlet side passage opening 80 for bearings and motors, a pressure oil passage opening 81 for clamping pressure of the piston 61, and a flood coolant passage are provided. An opening 82, a taper air blow passage opening 83, an air seal air passage opening 84, a pressure oil passage opening 85 for the unclamping piston 61, and an outlet side passage opening 86 for the bearing and motor cooling oil are formed. Has been. In addition, the code | symbol 32b of FIG. 7 is the bolt hole (this embodiment six) which the bolt 71 penetrates formed in the flange part 32a of the intermediate | middle housing 32. As shown in FIG.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the unclamping pressure oil is guided from the bracket-side flow path 94 to a flow path opening 85 formed in the mounting surface 35 b of the intermediate housing 35, and further includes the intermediate housing 35 and the sleeve housing. 36, passes through each flow path 87 formed in the rear housing 37 and the rear cover 38, and is supplied to the return side pressure introduction unit 65. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the cooling oil for the bearings and the motor is also led from the flow path 94 on the bracket side to the flow path opening 80 formed in the mounting surface 35 b of the intermediate housing 35. Thereafter, the flow path 88 extending from the flow path opening 80 is branched in the intermediate housing 35, and a part of the cooling oil is supplied to the cooling cylinder 90 by the flow path 89 extending to the rear of the intermediate housing 35. The other cooling oil is supplied to the cooling unit 93 through a flow path 92 formed in the front housing 40. Other fluids are also supplied from the intermediate housing 35 to desired positions through the flow paths formed in the respective housings, or from the intermediate housing 35 to the bracket side through the flow paths formed in the respective housings. Discharged.

  On the other hand, the flow path 94 on the bracket side of each fluid is formed in the bracket main body 23, and the mounting surface facing the opening 94a formed in the front end surface of the bracket main body 23 and the flange 10a (see FIG. 3) of the turning shaft 10. The opening 94b formed in 23b is communicated. The flow path 94 opened to the mounting surface 23b communicates with a flow path (not shown) formed in the flange 10a of the turning shaft 10 without piping. As a result, the flow path of the fluid supplied to the main shaft 30 is communicated from the swivel shaft side to the desired position of the main shaft 30 via the bracket body 23 and the intermediate housing 35 without piping. 23, or the bracket body 23 and the intermediate housing 35 are disassembled, and at the same time, the fluid flow paths between the members are separated. Further, at the same time as assembling the swivel shaft 10 and the bracket body 23 or the bracket body 23 and the intermediate housing 35, the fluid flow paths between the members are assembled. In addition, an O-ring is disposed around each flow path opening between the facing surfaces of these members to prevent fluid leakage from the flow path opening formed on the facing surface.

  Therefore, according to the spindle device 20 of the present embodiment, the intermediate housing 35 that is removably attached to the cylindrical portion 22 of the bracket body 23 is supplied to the spindle 30 on the attachment surface 35 b that faces the tip surface of the bracket body 23. Since the fluid flow passage openings 80 to 86 are formed, the fluid passage is disconnected at the same time that the main shaft 30 is removed from the bracket 21, so that the main shaft 30 can be removed from the bracket 21 in a short time without disassembling the piping. Can be removed. Further, since the fluid flow path is connected at the same time that the main shaft 30 is assembled to the bracket 21, it is not necessary to assemble a pipe as in the case of disassembly, and the main shaft 30 can be assembled to the bracket 21 in a short time. In addition, in the case of the flow path used for discharging the fluid, since there is no opening on the main shaft side other than the attachment surface 35b, it is possible to reliably prevent the intrusion of foreign matters and the like.

In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, A deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible suitably.
In the present embodiment, the spindle device 20 is pivotally supported by the pair of support arms 9 of the spindle head 8, but may be configured to be cantilevered by a single support arm.
Further, the housing of the present invention may be attached to the bracket with its mounting surface opposed to the front end surface of the bracket via a spacer, and in this case, the spacer is formed with a through hole through which a fluid passes.

1 is a schematic view of a portal machining center to which a spindle device of the present invention is applied. It is a principal part perspective view which shows the spindle head of FIG. It is a front view which shows a spindle head. It is a disassembled perspective view of a main shaft device. It is sectional drawing of a main shaft apparatus. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the spindle device taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 7. It is the rear view which looked at the main axis removed from the bracket from the arrow VII direction of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Portal machining center (multi-task machine tool)
20 Main shaft device 21 Bracket 22 Tube portion 23 Bracket body 25 Rear cover 30 Main shaft 35 Intermediate housing 35b Mounting surface 39 Outer tube 40 Front housing 80 Bearing and motor cooling oil inlet side flow passage opening 81 Piston clamping pressure oil Flow path opening 82 Flood coolant flow path opening 83 Tapered air blow flow path opening 84 Air seal air flow path opening 85 Piston unclamping pressure oil flow path opening 86 Bearing and motor cooling oil outlet side flow path opening

Claims (2)

A bracket that is pivotally supported by a support arm via a pivot shaft attached to a side surface and has a cylindrical portion that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is detachably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and that has a mounting surface facing the surface of the bracket, and is disposed between the rotating part and the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating part with respect to the housing;
The housing has a flange portion that is attached to a surface of the bracket on the side where the main shaft is inserted and removed when the main shaft is replaced, and forms the mounting surface.
On the mounting surface of the flange portion, a flow passage opening for fluid supplied to the main shaft is formed,
On the surface of the bracket to which the flange portion is attached, an opening communicating with the flow path opening of the flange portion is formed,
On the side surface of the bracket to which the swivel shaft is attached, an opening communicating with the flow path formed in the swivel shaft is formed,
In the bracket, an opening formed in a surface to which the flange portion is attached communicates with an opening formed in a side surface to which the turning shaft is attached.   A multi-task machine tool comprising the spindle device according to claim 1.

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