JP2782324B2 - Tightening / loosening detection mechanism for swivel head spindle housing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for detecting tightening or loosening of a spindle housing in a turning spindle head of a machine tool, in particular, a vertical machining center.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An operation of indexing a C-axis turning centering on a vertical Z-axis direction of a turning center of a vertical machining center, and a main spindle housing having a horizontal X-axis or a horizontal Y-axis turning center in the turning head. By the operation of performing the B-axis rotation indexing, the spindle provided in the spindle housing and the tool attached to the spindle perform machining on a work placed on the table of the machining center from almost any direction. Conventionally, a limit switch for confirming the operation has been mounted in the turning head when detecting the confirmation of the tightening / loosening operation of the spindle housing.
Therefore, the wiring from the turning head to the spindle ram needs to have a structure that does not hinder the C-axis turning indexing operation.

In a first conventional example, as shown in FIG. 7, a proximity switch for receiving a signal of a transmission coupler 33 is attached to a lower surface of a spindle ram 6 and an upper surface of a turning head 7, and a spindle housing provided in the turning head. The confirmation signal of the tightening limit switch 31 and the loosening limit switch 32 is transmitted from the turning head 7 to the spindle ram 6.

A second prior art is a technique known from Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-45391, in which an outer sun gear and an inner sun gear are provided on a turning head and a main shaft ram, respectively, and a planetary gear group is interposed between these two sun gears. It is known that an electric wire is made to have substantially the same tension at all times when the turning spindle head is turned by interposing.

[0005]

In the first conventional example described in the prior art, since a large number of mechanisms are incorporated, the minimum indexing angle of the C-axis is limited by the space for mounting the proximity switch. As a result, the workpiece cannot be machined from an arbitrary direction.

Further, in the second conventional example, since the length of the electric wire is finite, the turning head cannot be arbitrarily turned in the same direction, and there is a problem that the turning range of the C axis is limited.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and enables detection even when the minimum indexing angle of the C-axis is about 5 °, and tightens the main shaft housing without limiting the rotation range of the C-axis. It is intended to provide a mechanism for detecting a loosening operation.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a tightening / loosening mechanism for a turning head spindle housing according to the present invention comprises a turning head capable of first turning and indexing in a horizontal plane at a tip of a spindle ram of a vertical machining center. A tightening / loosening detection mechanism provided in the vertical plane so as to be capable of a second rotation indexing, wherein the spindle housing includes a second rotation indexing mechanism.
An arc-shaped rail-shaped groove member provided concentrically with respect to the turning center; and a first turning index number provided concentrically with and rotatable with respect to the first turning center in the vicinity of the spindle ram of the turning head. A cylindrical detector having the same number of concave and convex portions, transmission means for engaging with the rail-shaped groove member and rotating the detector by a tightening / loosening operation of the spindle housing, and the detector provided on the spindle ram; And a switch for detecting the convex portion or the concave portion.

[0009]

When the spindle housing moves in a direction perpendicular to the spindle for the tightening / loosening operation, the rail-shaped groove member also moves, and the link member fitted in the groove of the rail-shaped groove member is turned. . Accordingly, the piece 30 turns and the detecting body is rotated to move the uneven portion, and the uneven portion is sensed by the proximity switch at the fixed position to detect the tightening / loosening of the spindle housing.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a gate-type machining center. A table 2 is mounted on the upper surface of a bed 1 so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper, and two columns 3 are set up on both sides of the bed. Have been. A cross rail 4 is attached to both columns 3 so as to be movable in a vertical direction, and a saddle 5 is provided on the cross rail 4 so as to be movable horizontally.

A spindle ram 6 is attached to the saddle 5 so as to be movable in a vertical direction. A turning head 7 is attached to a lower end of the spindle ram so as to be able to index a C-axis rotation about a vertical Z-axis direction. ing.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the lower end of the main shaft ram 6 and at the upper end of the turning head 7, a first carbic coupling 8 for turning index is provided. Body 9 of revolving head 7
A spindle housing 10 is housed therein so as to be capable of turning around the horizontal X-axis or Y-axis and to be able to rotate in the B-axis and to be movable in the horizontal direction. It is bearing on.

In FIG. 2, the right end of the right projection 11 and the left end of the cylindrical portion 12 provided on the right side of
Is formed. A piston 14 is fixed to the main body 9 at a center position of the cylindrical portion 12, and a cylinder 15 which is horizontally moved by pressure oil is fitted to the piston 14. An engaging portion 16 is formed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 15 and engages with the inner diameter step 17 of the right-side protruding portion 11.

In FIG. 2, the left projection 18 is provided with two gears 19, 20 on the left side thereof, and the gear 19 is integrally attached to the spindle housing 10, and the gear 20 is provided inside the spindle housing 10. The main shaft 21 is rotated by a transmission mechanism (not shown). The gears 19 and 20 are rotationally driven via a gear train from a rotary drive shaft 22 provided at the center of the main shaft ram 6. When the cylinder 15 moves left and the main shaft housing 10 is pressed and moved to the left. Have gears 19, 20 on intermediate gears 23A, 23B of the gear train.
Are engaged with each other to rotate the main shaft housing 10.

When the cylinder 15 moves to the right and the main shaft housing 10 is moved rightward by the engaging portion 16 via the inner diameter stepped portion 17, the gear 2
Only 0 meshes and acts to transmit reversal to the main shaft 21 in the main shaft housing 10.

The outer periphery of the upper portion of the spindle housing 10 is formed in an arc shape as shown in FIG. 3, and a rail-shaped groove member 24 is mounted along the outer periphery in a plane perpendicular to the turning axis of the spindle housing 10. Have been. This groove member 24
A link member 25 in the form of a piece is fitted in the groove.

On the other hand, a cylindrical detector 27 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the main body 9 so as to surround the first Carbic coupling 8, as shown in FIG. As many uneven portions as the number of teeth of the first Carvic coupling 8 are provided. A proximity switch 28 for detecting an uneven portion of the detection body is attached to a lower portion of the spindle ram 6.

The detector 27 is partially provided with a notch 29, and the notch 29 has a piece 30 for rotating the detector 27.
Is stuck. This piece 30 is attached to the upper part of the connecting member 26, and the left and right movement of the main shaft housing 10 causes the piece 30 to turn by way of the link member 25 to rotate the detector 27.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. To change the angle of the main shaft 21 in a desired direction, first, the cylinder 1
The pressure oil is sent to the right chamber 15b of 5 and the cylinder 15 is moved to the left. As a result, the left end of the cylinder 15 is
By pressing 0, the spindle housing 10 moves to the left. At this time, the engagement of the second carbic coupling 13 is released, and the main shaft housing 10 is released and loosened to be able to turn.

At the same time, the gear 19 meshes with the intermediate gear 23A. The groove member 24 is also moved to the left by moving the main shaft housing 10 to the left. Since the link member 25 is fitted in the groove of the groove member 24, the link member 25 pivots around the connecting member 26, and thereby the connecting member 2
Give 6 a spin.

The rotation of the connecting member 26 is transmitted to the bridge 30,
Since the piece 30 rotates around the connecting member 26, the detection body 27 engaged with the piece 30 by the notch 29 is rotated.
Since the unevenness is formed on the detection body, the proximity switch 28A detects the unevenness, for example, a convex portion, and the proximity switch 2A
8B detects the concave portion and confirms the movement of the spindle housing 10 to the left.

By this confirmation, the gear train is driven to rotate, the intermediate gear 23A to the gear 19 are rotated, and the main shaft housing 10 is turned to a desired angular position. After reaching the desired position, pressurized oil is sent to the left chamber 15a of the cylinder, the cylinder 15 is moved rightward, the main shaft housing 10 is moved rightward by the engaging portion 16, and the second carbic coupling 13 is engaged.

At this time, the spindle housing 10 is in the tightened state, and the groove member 24 also moves rightward, and the link member 25 and the piece 3
By 0, the detecting body 27 is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, and the proximity switch 28A detects the concave and the concave and the proximity switch 28B detects the convex and confirms the movement of the main shaft housing 10 to the right. At this time, only the gear 20 is engaged with the intermediate gear 23, and when the gear train is rotated by this confirmation, the main shaft 21 is driven to rotate.

Air other than pressure oil may be used for the cylinder 15 for moving the spindle housing 10, and a compression spring may be used for one of the two chambers. Intermediate gear 23A,
23B may be a single gear having a large tooth width, which may mesh with the gear 19 having the same tooth shape as the gear 20.

A groove may be formed in the unevenness of the detection body 27,
A hole may be formed. One proximity switch 28 may be provided for asperity confirmation, or one proximity switch may be provided for each projection for concave portions so that confirmation can be made more reliably. The proximity switch 28 can be a limit switch.

The arc-shaped rail-shaped groove member 24 is not limited to a groove member having a concave cross section, but may be a member having a convex cross section.
Needs to be a grooved link member sandwiching the convex portion.

[0027]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. Since the arc-shaped rail-shaped groove member is attached to the spindle housing, tightening and loosening can be detected regardless of the angular position of the spindle housing. Since the cylindrical detector is used as the detector, the tightening and loosening of the spindle housing can be detected regardless of the angular position of the turning head. Since the detector is located near the spindle ram of the swivel head, switches can be mounted on the spindle ram side, eliminating the need to extend a detection wire inside the swivel head and turning the swivel head almost arbitrarily. Indexing drive is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a vertical machining center according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a mechanism diagram inside a turning spindle head.

FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, showing a transmission mechanism of a tightening / loosening operation of the spindle housing.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3 showing an engagement state between a groove member and a link member attached to a spindle housing.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a correlation between a detection object, a piece, and a switch.
It is CC sectional view taken on the line.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 5 showing a groove-shaped detection unit of the detection body.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a first conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Spindle Ram 7 Swivel Head 10 Spindle Housing 24 Groove Member 26 Connecting Member 27 Detector 28A, 28B Proximity Switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A mechanism for detecting the tightening / loosening of a spindle housing provided so as to be capable of a second turning index in a vertical plane to a turning head capable of a first turning index in a horizontal plane of a tip of a spindle ram of a vertical machining center. An arc-shaped rail-shaped groove member provided concentrically with respect to a second pivot center on the spindle housing; and concentrically rotatable with respect to the first pivot center near the spindle ram of the pivot head. A cylindrical detector having a plurality of projections and depressions equal in number to the first number of rotation indexing;
A mechanism for tightening and loosening a turning head spindle housing, comprising a transmission means for turning the detection body by a loosening operation, and a switch provided on the main spindle ram for detecting a convex portion or a concave portion of the detection body.