JP4867650B2 - Spindle device, combined machining machine tool having the same, and method of assembling the spindle device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle device, a combined machining machine tool including the spindle device, and a method of assembling the spindle device, and more particularly, to a spindle device attached to a spindle head of a portal machining center, a combined machining machine tool including the spindle device, and The present invention relates to a method of assembling a spindle device.

  Conventionally, as a multi-tasking machine tool that performs machining such as cutting and drilling by three-dimensional relative movement between a large workpiece and a tool, for example, a table to which a workpiece is attached is reciprocated linearly, and a spindle having a tool is set to X A portal machining center that controls in the direction of the axis, Y axis, and Z axis is used.

In the portal machining center, a saddle is attached to a cross rail supported by two columns, a spindle head is attached to an end of a ram that moves in the Z-axis direction with respect to the saddle, and two spindle heads A motor built-in main shaft is pivotably attached to the support arm via a bracket (for example, see Patent Document 1).
International Publication No. 96/41695 (Fig. 4)

  By the way, in the multi-task machine tool as described in Patent Document 1, the spindle to which the tool is attached is fastened and fixed directly to the bracket with a bolt, and is turned together with the bracket. For example, when replacing the main shaft for maintenance of each component of the main shaft, if there is an error in the dimensions of each component of the main shaft, the turning radius of the tool after the main shaft replacement will be shifted, resulting in reduced machining accuracy there's a possibility that. In addition, in order to strictly manage the turning radius of the tool, it is necessary to strictly manage the dimensional tolerance of each component of the main shaft to which the tool is attached, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and its purpose is not to strictly manage and adjust the dimensional tolerance of each component of the main shaft, and can be manufactured at a low cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spindle apparatus with good machining accuracy, a composite machining machine tool having the spindle apparatus, and a method of assembling the spindle apparatus.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) a bracket that is pivotably attached to the support arm and has a cylindrical portion that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is removably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and a rotating part that is disposed between the rotating part and the housing, the rotating part being rotatable with respect to the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing having a bearing that supports the spindle;
The spindle apparatus further comprising a spacer capable of absorbing an error in the turning radius of the tool.
(2) The spacer is disposed between a front end surface of the bracket and a mounting surface of a flange portion formed on the housing so as to face the front end surface. Spindle device.
(3) A multi-task machine tool comprising the spindle device according to (1) or (2).
(4) a bracket that is pivotally attached to the support arm and has a cylindrical portion that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is removably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and a rotating part that is disposed between the rotating part and the housing, the rotating part being rotatable with respect to the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing having a bearing that supports the spindle device;
Measuring the turning radius of the tool;
Providing a spacer capable of absorbing an error between the measured turning radius and a desired turning radius;
Fixing the spindle housing to the bracket via the spacer;
A method of assembling the spindle device, comprising:

  According to the spindle device of the present invention, the error of the turning radius of the tool can be absorbed by the spacer when the spindle housing is fixed to the bracket, and the dimension tolerance of each component of the spindle can be absorbed. Therefore, it is not necessary to strictly control and adjust, and it is possible to manufacture at a low cost, and the processing accuracy is also good.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a spindle machine and a portal machining center as a combined machining machine tool according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the portal machining center 1, a table 3 is supported on a bed 2 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and a pair of columns 4 are erected on both sides of the bed 2. A cross rail 5 is installed on the upper end of the column 4, and a saddle 6 is provided on the cross rail 5 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction. The saddle 6 also supports a ram 7 that can be raised and lowered in the Z-axis direction. The spindle device 20 of the present invention can be rotationally indexed around the Y-axis and the Z-axis at the lower end of the ram 7. A spindle head 8 to be held is mounted.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spindle head 8 is provided with a pair of support arms 9 so as to sandwich the bracket 21 of the spindle device 20, and both sides of the bracket 21 are provided inside the support arm 9. A pair of revolving shafts 10 fixed to each other are rotatably accommodated via a plurality of bearings 11. In addition, a motor 12 is disposed on one of the turning shafts 10, whereby the spindle device 20 is attached to the pair of support arms 9 so as to be rotatable about the Y axis (the turning axis A). Note that the turning drive of the spindle device 20 may be such that the turning shaft 10 is gear driven instead of arranging the motor 12 around the turning shaft 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bracket 21 of the spindle device 20 has a cylindrical portion 22 in which the turning shaft 10 is fixed to both side surfaces in the Y-axis direction and penetrates in the X-axis direction (substantially perpendicular to the turning axis). And a rear lid 25 fixed to the rear end surface of the bracket main body 23. And the housing 32 of the main axis | shaft 30 is attached to the cylinder part 22 of this bracket main body 23 so that insertion or removal is possible. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 23 a is a bolt hole for attaching the turning shaft 10.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the main shaft 30 is a motor built-in type, and includes a rotating part 31 that can be fitted with a tool W at the tip, a housing 32 that is removably attached to the cylindrical part 22 of the bracket body 23, and a rotating part. The front and rear bearings 50 and 51 are disposed between the housing 31 and the housing 32 and rotatably support the rotating portion 31 with respect to the housing 32.

  The housing 32 includes an intermediate housing 35 to which the stator 34 is attached, a sleeve housing 36, a rear housing 37, a rear cover 38, a front housing 40 formed integrally with the outer tube 39, and a front of the front housing 40. A front cover 41 and a front cover 42 attached to the front cover 42. The intermediate housing 35 and the sleeve housing 36 may be integrated. Further, the outer cylinder 39 and the front housing 40 may be formed separately.

  The rotating unit 31 includes a rotatable rotating shaft 44 having a rotor 43, a draw bar 45 attached to the rotating shaft 44 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction inside the rotating shaft 44, and the draw bar 45 fixing the tool holder 46. And a spring 48 arranged on the draw bar 45 so as to draw the collet portion 47 to the inside in the axial direction, and arranged so as to be compressible between the rotary shaft 44 and the large-diameter portion 45a of the draw bar 45 in the axial direction. Is done. In addition, although the disc spring is used as the spring 48, you may use a coil spring, a helical disc spring, etc.

  The front bearing 50 is constituted by a combination angular contact ball bearing in which an outer ring is fixed to the front housing 40 and an inner ring is fitted on one end side of the rotating shaft 44. The sleeve housing 36 disposed on the other end side of the rotary shaft 44 is fitted with a bearing sleeve 49 that is movable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 44, and the rear bearing 51 has an outer ring that is a bearing sleeve. 49 and a pair of angular contact ball bearings in which the inner ring is fitted on the other end side of the rotating shaft 44, and cooperates with the front bearing 50 to rotatably support the rotating shaft 44.

  On the rear end side of the draw bar 45, there is provided a piston abutting portion 63 that is pressed by a piston pressing portion 62 attached to the piston 61 of the piston mechanism 60 for tool change. In the piston mechanism 60, the piston 61 is moved forward by introducing a pressure medium such as oil, water, air, etc. into the forward pressure introducing portion 64, and the piston pressing portion 62 of the piston 61 moves the piston abutting portion 63. Then, the draw bar 45 is pushed and moved in the axial direction to push out the tool W to be in a tool unclamped state. On the other hand, when the pressure of the forward-side pressure introducing portion 64 is released and the pressure medium is introduced into the backward-side pressure introducing portion 65, the piston 61 is moved backward, and the draw bar 45 is moved back in the axial direction to move the tool clamp. State.

  A position detection sensor 66 for detecting the position of the piston 61 of the piston mechanism 60 and a tool detection sensor 67 for detecting the presence or absence of the tool W are fixed to the rear cover 38. An encoder 68 for detecting the rotational speed of 44 is arranged.

  The outer cylinder 39 is fixed to the bracket 21 by bolting the flange portion 35 a of the intermediate housing 35 to the front end surface 23 c of the bracket body 23 via the spacer 71. For this reason, the outer cylinder 39 is configured such that the main shaft 30 can be extracted from the bracket 21 to the distal end side by removing the bolt 72.

  The spacer 71 is formed in an annular shape, and is disposed between the front end surface 23c of the bracket body 23 and the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a facing the front end surface 23c so as to be able to absorb the error of the turning radius of the tool W. The The spacer 71 may be fixed in advance to the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a by bonding or bolts, or may be fastened together when the flange portion 35a of the intermediate housing 35 is fastened to the bracket body 23.

  Since the axial distance L1 from the pivot axis A to the front end surface 23c of the bracket body 23 is uniform, the sum of the axial dimension L2 of the spacer 71 and the axial dimension L3 on the main shaft side is also set to be uniform. Thus, the turning dimension of the tool W can be set to a desired turning dimension.

  The axial dimension L2 of the spacer 71 is an axial dimension L3 between the tip surface 44a of the rotating shaft 44 and the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a, which is a mounting reference surface on which the tool holder 46 for mounting the tool W is mounted. Is measured with a measuring instrument such as a dial gauge, and is appropriately determined based on this axial dimension L2. The spacer 71 may be processed to have a desired axial dimension L1, or a plurality of spacers 71 having different axial dimensions are prepared, and a spacer having the desired axial dimension L1 is assembled. Also good. The turning dimension of the tool W is determined by setting the axial dimension R of the tip surface 44a of the rotating shaft 44 from the turning axis A.

  Therefore, for example, when the main shaft 30 is replaced with the bracket 21, even if the axial dimension L3 on the main shaft side varies, the spacer 71 having the desired axial dimension L2 is arranged to provide a desired value. An error from the turning radius is absorbed by the spacer 71. Thereby, even if the main shaft 30 is replaced, the turning accuracy of the tool does not change, and the machining accuracy can be kept good.

  The mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a of the intermediate housing 35 facing the front end surface 23c of the bracket body 23 is provided with a flow path opening, and all the fluid supplied to the main shaft 30 is supplied to the mounting surface 35b. It is supplied or discharged from the formed channel opening.

  For example, the unclamping pressure oil is guided from the bracket-side flow path 94 to the flow path opening 85 formed in the attachment surface 35b of the intermediate housing 35 through the through-passage 71a formed in the spacer 71, and further, The fluid passes through the flow paths 87 formed in the housing 35, the sleeve housing 36, the rear housing 37, and the rear cover 38, and is supplied to the return side pressure introducing portion 65. Although not shown, cooling oil or the like is also supplied from the flow path on the intermediate housing 35 side to the front housing 40 side. Other fluid is also supplied from the intermediate housing 35 to a desired position through a flow path formed in each housing, or is discharged from the intermediate housing 35 to the bracket side through a flow path formed in each housing. The

  On the other hand, the flow path 94 on the bracket side of each fluid is formed in the bracket main body 23, and the mounting surface facing the opening 94a formed in the front end surface of the bracket main body 23 and the flange 10a (see FIG. 3) of the turning shaft 10. The opening 94b formed in 23b is communicated. The flow path 94 opened to the mounting surface 23b communicates with a flow path (not shown) formed in the flange 10a of the turning shaft 10 without piping. In addition, an O-ring is disposed around each flow path opening between the facing surfaces of these members to prevent fluid leakage from the flow path opening formed on the facing surface.

  Therefore, according to the spindle device 20 of the present embodiment, the error of the turning radius R of the tool W is absorbed by the spacer 71 when the housing 32 of the spindle 30 is fixed to the bracket 21 through the spacer 71. Therefore, it is not necessary to strictly manage and adjust the dimensional tolerances of the respective components of the main shaft 30, and it can be manufactured at a low cost, and the processing accuracy is improved.

  In particular, since the spacer 71 is disposed between the front end surface 23c of the bracket body 23 and the mounting surface 35b of the flange portion 35a of the intermediate housing 35 facing the front end surface 23c, the spacer 30 is fixed to the bracket 21. Accordingly, the turning radius R of the tool W can be adjusted, and the adjustment work can be easily performed.

In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, A deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible suitably.
In the present embodiment, the spindle device 20 is pivotally supported by the pair of support arms 9 of the spindle head 8, but may be configured to be cantilevered by a single support arm.

1 is a schematic view of a portal machining center to which a spindle device of the present invention is applied. It is a principal part perspective view which shows the spindle head of FIG. It is a front view which shows a spindle head. It is a disassembled perspective view of a main shaft device. It is sectional drawing of a main shaft apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1 Portal machining center (multi-task machine tool)
20 Main shaft device 21 Bracket 22 Tube portion 23 Bracket main body 23c Front end surface 25 Rear cover 30 Main shaft 35 Intermediate housing 35b Mounting surface 39 Outer tube 40 Front housing 71 Spacer

Claims (4)

A bracket that is pivotally attached to the support arm and has a cylindrical portion that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is removably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and a rotating part that is disposed between the rotating part and the housing, the rotating part being rotatable with respect to the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing having a bearing that supports the spindle;
The spindle apparatus further comprising a spacer capable of absorbing an error in the turning radius of the tool.   2. The spindle device according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is disposed between a front end surface of the bracket and a mounting surface of a flange portion formed in the housing so as to face the front end surface. .   A multi-task machine tool comprising the spindle device according to claim 1. A bracket that is pivotally attached to the support arm and has a cylindrical portion that is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis;
A rotating part that can be fitted with a tool at the tip, a housing that is removably attached to the cylindrical part of the bracket, and a rotating part that is disposed between the rotating part and the housing, the rotating part being rotatable with respect to the housing A spindle device comprising: a bearing having a bearing that supports the spindle device;
Measuring the turning radius of the tool;
Providing a spacer capable of absorbing an error between the measured turning radius and a desired turning radius;
Fixing the spindle housing to the bracket via the spacer;
A method of assembling the spindle device, comprising:

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