JP5289796B2 - Tapered roller bearing retainer manufacturing method and tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing retainer and a tapered roller bearing.

  The driving force of the engine in the automobile is transmitted to the wheels via a power transmission system including any or all of a transmission, a propeller shaft, a differential, and a drive shaft.

  In this power transmission system, a tapered roller bearing having a high load capacity against a radial load and excellent in impact resistance is often used as a bearing for supporting the shaft. As shown in FIG. 8, the tapered roller bearing generally includes an inner ring 2 having a conical raceway surface 1 on the outer peripheral side, an outer ring 4 having a conical raceway surface 3 on the inner peripheral side, and an inner ring 2. And a plurality of tapered rollers 5 disposed between the outer ring 4 and the outer ring 4, and a retainer 6 that holds the tapered rollers 5 at a predetermined circumferential interval.

  The cage 6 includes a pair of annular portions 6a and 6b and a column portion 6c that connects the annular portions 6a and 6b, and the tapered roller is formed in a pocket 6d formed between adjacent column portions 6c along the circumferential direction. 5 is accommodated.

  For this reason, when a load acts, the tapered roller 5 is pressed to the large end side. In order to receive this load, a flange portion 7 that protrudes toward the outer diameter side is provided on the larger diameter side of the inner ring 2. In addition, a flange 8 that protrudes also to the small end side of the inner ring 2 is provided so that the tapered roller 5 does not fall off to the small end side before the bearing is assembled in a machine or the like.

  In recent years, with the expansion of the interior space of vehicles, the engine room has been reduced, the engine output has been increased, and the transmission has been increased in stages to improve fuel efficiency. It is coming. In order to satisfy the life of the bearing in the usage environment, it was necessary to extend the life of the bearing.

  Against the above background, by increasing the number of rollers or increasing the roller length, it is possible to increase the load capacity with the same dimensions as compared with the current situation and to extend the life of the bearing. However, in the current structure, as described above, the inner ring is provided with the flange portion (small rod) 8 on the small diameter side of the raceway surface for reasons of assembling the bearing. For this reason, there is a restriction by the flange portion 8 for increasing the length of the tapered roller 5. Each tapered roller 5 is supported by the cage 6 as described above, and the column portion 6c of the cage 6 is interposed between adjacent tapered rollers 5 along the circumferential direction. For this reason, there is a restriction by the column portion 6c even for the roller whose number of rollers is increased. Thus, there has been a limit in increasing the load capacity in the prior art.

Conventionally, there is an inner ring 2 in which a small diameter side collar portion (small collar) is omitted (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). If the flange portion 8 on the small diameter side in the inner ring 2 is omitted, the length of the tapered roller in the axial direction can be increased by that amount, and the load capacity can be increased. However, if the flange portion 8 on the small diameter side in the inner ring 2 is omitted, the tapered roller 5 falls off to the small end side before being incorporated into a machine or the like. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the retainer 6 is provided with a hook portion (hook piece) 14 that engages with the flange portion 7 on the large diameter side so that the tapered roller 5 does not fall. In Patent Document 1, the cage is made of resin, and in Patent Document 2, the cage is made of iron.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-165324 JP 2002-54638 A

  When the cage is made of iron, a bending process for forming the hook portion 14 is required, and the manufacturing process increases, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost and a longer manufacturing time. Moreover, wear powder is generated in the iron cage, and the wear powder may cause a decrease in lubricity.

  For this reason, in recent years, a resin that does not cause the above-described problems of iron is used. In the case of manufacturing a resin cage, usually, as shown in FIG. 9, two molds 15 and 16 that are split in the axial direction are used, and injection molding is performed by combining two molds. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the two molds 15 and 16 are slid (translated) in opposite directions along the cage axial direction.

  Further, in the cage having the hook portion 14, as shown in FIG. 11, it is necessary to set the diameter D of the inner end edge 14a of the hook portion 14 to be larger than the maximum outer diameter D1 of the small-diameter side annular portion 6b. . That is, the inner diameter portion (inner end edge) 14a of the hook portion 14 needs to be positioned on the outer diameter side of the outer diameter end portion 9 of the small diameter side annular portion 6b. Further, in the tapered roller bearing, when the contact angle (the raceway surface angle of the outer ring) is designed to be small, the dimensional difference between the outer diameter of the small diameter side annular portion and the inner diameter of the large diameter side annular portion is inevitably small. For this reason, as described above, as shown in FIG. 11, when injection molding is performed by combining two molds, the design of the diameter of the hook portion is restricted. In some cases, there is a possibility that the engagement structure by the hook portion is not established.

  In order to make the dimension restriction of the hook portion free, it can be proposed that the portion corresponding to the pocket portion where the hook portion is provided in the small-diameter side annular portion 6b is omitted or a notch portion is provided in this portion. However, if such an abbreviated portion is provided or a notch is provided, the strength of the cage is lowered and stress concentration may occur and breakage may occur.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention can form a hook portion that can be a hook structure that engages the bearing inner ring on the large diameter side at any contact angle and cage axial pocket size, and the strength is reduced. A tapered roller bearing capable of preventing stress concentration and a method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing retainer that can be used for the tapered roller bearing are provided.

The method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing retainer according to the present invention includes a large-diameter-side annular portion, a small-diameter-side annular portion, and a column portion that connects the large-diameter-side annular portion and the small-diameter-side annular portion in the circumferential direction. Manufacture of plastic tapered roller bearing cages in which tapered rollers are accommodated in pockets formed between adjacent column parts , and the large-diameter side annular part side can be engaged with the tapered roller inner ring via the hook structure part The method uses a cage manufacturing die having a pocket forming core for forming a pocket between columns adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the pocket forming core has an inner and outer diameter without sliding in the axial direction. those that enable the loading and unloading direction.

  According to the method for manufacturing a cage for a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention, the mold for cage production includes a pocket molding core, and the pocket molding core enables insertion and withdrawal in the inner and outer diameter directions. It is not necessary to slide the pocket forming core of the manufacturing mold in the axial direction.

  Even if the core for pocket forming of the mold for producing the cage is entered from the outer diameter side along the inclination angle of the small end surface of the tapered roller accommodated in the pocket, the pocket is formed from the inner diameter side. Even if it enters along the inclination angle of the small end face of the tapered roller accommodated in the cylinder, it may enter along the direction orthogonal to the axial direction from the inner diameter side.

  If the mold apparatus used in the method according to the present invention is used, it is not necessary to slide the pocket forming core in the axial direction, so that it is not necessary to be restricted by the radial dimension in the hook structure. For this reason, the hook structure can be configured in the cage to be manufactured, the tapered roller can be prevented from falling off to the small end side, and if the cage manufactured in this mold apparatus is used, Also, the flange portion and the loose portion on the small diameter side of the existing inner ring are omitted.

  The retainer includes a hook structure portion formed of a hook piece that protrudes in an inner diameter direction at a position corresponding to the pocket on the large-diameter-side annular portion and engages with the inner ring of the cage. Preferably, the pocket forming core forms a hook piece forming cavity.

  As described above, if the pocket molding core forms a hook piece molding cavity, this mold apparatus can mold a cage in which the hook piece is integrally formed on the large-diameter side annular portion. .

  The tapered roller bearing of the present invention is a tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller bearing retainer molded by the above-described manufacturing method, and includes a small diameter side end surface and an outer peripheral edge of the tapered roller small end surface. It is arranged substantially on a plane perpendicular to the axis, or the small diameter side end face is arranged on the inner side in the axial direction from the plane perpendicular to the bearing central axis of the outer peripheral edge of the tapered roller small end face.

  According to the tapered roller bearing of the present invention, the end surface on the small diameter side and the outer peripheral edge of the small end surface of the tapered roller are substantially arranged on a plane orthogonal to the bearing central axis, or the small diameter side end surface is outside the tapered roller small end surface. Since it is arranged on the inner side in the axial direction from the plane perpendicular to the bearing center axis at the periphery, the small diameter side end faces do not protrude from the small end face of the tapered roller, and the small diameter sides are opposed to each other. A row of tapered roller bearings can be constructed.

  Poniferlen sulfide resin (PPS) can be used for the tapered roller bearing cage. Here, PPS is a high-performance engineering plastic having a molecular structure in which phenyl groups (benzene rings) and sulfur (S) are alternately repeated. It is crystalline, has a continuous use temperature of 200 ° C. to 220 ° C., has a high deflection temperature under a high load (1.82 MPa) of 260 ° C. and has excellent heat resistance, and has high tensile strength and bending strength. Since the shrinkage rate during molding is as small as 0.3 to 0.5%, the dimensional stability is good, and the flame retardancy and chemical resistance are also excellent. PPS can be broadly classified into three types: a crosslinked type, a linear type, and a semi-crosslinked type. The cross-linked type is obtained by cross-linking a low molecular weight polymer to increase the molecular weight, and is mainly brittle and reinforced with glass fiber. The straight chain type has a high toughness because it has a high molecular weight by omitting the crosslinking step in the polymerization stage. The semi-crosslinked type has the characteristics of having both a crosslinked type and a linear type characteristic.

  The roller coefficient γ can exceed 0.94, or the window angle of the pocket of the cage can be 55 ° or more and 80 ° or less. Here, the roller coefficient γ is defined by the following equation. Further, the window angle of the pocket (between adjacent column portions along the circumferential direction) refers to an angle formed by a surface of the column portion that contacts the rolling surface of the tapered roller.

Roller coefficient γ = (Z · DA) / (π · PCD)
Here, Z: Number of rollers, DA: Roller average diameter, PCD: Roller pitch circle diameter

  In the method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing retainer according to the present invention, the pocket forming core may enter from an outer diameter side along an inclination angle of a small end surface of the tapered roller housed in the pocket. From the inner diameter side, it may enter along the inclination angle of the small end face of the tapered roller accommodated in the pocket, or from the inner diameter side, it may enter along the direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Good.

  Even when a cage having a hook structure is manufactured, there is no need to be restricted by the radial dimension of the hook structure. For this reason, a hook part structure can be shape | molded reliably and it can prevent the drop-off | omission to the small end side of a tapered roller in the assembly operation of a tapered roller bearing. That is, the inner ring, the tapered roller, and the cage can be handled as an assembly (assembly unit body), and the assemblability (productivity) of the entire bearing can be improved. In addition, it is not necessary to provide a notch or the like in the cage in order to provide the hook portion structure, so that a strength reduction and stress concentration can be prevented, and the cage has excellent durability.

  If the pocket forming core forms a hook piece forming cavity, this mold apparatus can form a cage in which the hook piece is integrally formed on the large-diameter side annular portion. It is possible to form a tapered roller bearing cage that can be stably configured and has excellent assemblability.

  By using the cage molded by this manufacturing mold apparatus, the flange portion on the small diameter side of the inner ring, which has existed in the past, can be omitted. For this reason, this omission part and weight reduction can be achieved. Furthermore, the raceway surface is enlarged only in the omitted small-diameter side flange portion and the fillet portion, whereby the axial center length of the tapered roller can be increased, the load capacity can be improved, and a longer life can be achieved. it can.

  In the case where the end face on the small diameter side and the outer peripheral edge of the small end face of the tapered roller are substantially arranged on a plane orthogonal to the bearing center axis, the small diameter side end face does not protrude from the small end face of the tapered roller. A double-row tapered roller bearing can be configured in which the surfaces are arranged facing each other. For this reason, the double row tapered roller bearing can be made compact and light.

  Resin cages are lighter in weight than steel plates, are self-lubricating, and have a low coefficient of friction. Therefore, in combination with the effect of lubricating oil in the bearing, contact with the outer ring It is possible to suppress the occurrence of wear due to. Further, since the resin cage is light and has a small coefficient of friction, it is suitable for reducing torque loss and cage wear at the time of starting the bearing.

  In this case, by using PPS (polyphenylene sulfide resin) having high resistance to oil, high temperature, and chemicals in the cage, the life of the bearing device in which the cage is used can be extended.

  If the roller coefficient γ exceeds 0.94, the column width of the cage can be increased while avoiding contact between the outer ring and the cage in the neutral state. For this reason, it becomes possible to raise load capacity to the level of a full roller bearing (bearing which does not use a cage), without changing the bearing size. As a result, the contact surface pressure can be reduced, and further, when applied to an application where there is a stop state in the use cycle, the surface pressure is relaxed, thereby improving the fretting resistance.

  Further, by setting the cage window angle to 55 ° or more, it is possible to ensure a good contact state with the tapered roller, and by setting the cage window angle to 80 ° or less, the cage is pressed in the radial direction. The force is not increased and smooth rotation is obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a tapered roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This tapered roller bearing has a plurality of tapered rollers arranged between an inner ring 21, an outer ring 22, and an inner ring 21 and an outer ring 22 so as to be freely rollable. A roller 23 and a resin cage 24 that holds the tapered roller 23 at a predetermined circumferential interval are provided.

  The inner ring 21 has a conical raceway surface 25 on its outer diameter surface, and a flange portion 26 is formed on the larger diameter side of the raceway surface 25 so as to protrude toward the outer diameter side. That is, the raceway surface 25 is formed from the flange portion 26 to the small diameter end, and does not have the flange portion on the small diameter side like the inner ring of the conventional tapered roller bearing. A corner portion 27 between the raceway surface 25 and the flange portion 26 is formed with a thin portion 27. The flange portion 26 in this case is a large flange that receives the axial load through the tapered roller 23 and guides the tapered roller 23 to rotate. Further, the conventionally provided gavel does not play a special role during the rotation of the bearing, and such a thing is omitted in the present invention.

  In addition, the circumferential wall 23a of the roller 23 contacts (contacts) the raceway surface 25 and the inner surface 26a of the flange 26 so that the angle between the circumferential wall 23a of the roller 23 and the large end surface 23b matches the angle. At the same time, the large end surface 23 b of the tapered roller 23 is in contact (contact) with the inner surface 26 a of the flange portion 26. The outer ring 22 has a tapered raceway surface 30 on its inner diameter surface, and a plurality of tapered rollers 23 held by a cage 24 roll on the raceway surface 30 and the raceway surface 25 of the inner ring 21. .

  For this reason, since the inner ring 21 does not have a flange on the small diameter side, the small end surface 23c of the tapered roller 23 can be extended until it reaches the small diameter side end surface 21b of the inner ring 21, as shown in FIG.

  The retainer 24 is a resin retainer that can be engaged with the tapered inner ring via the hook structure M. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. And a hook piece 36 constituting the structure M. The cage main body 34 includes a large-diameter-side annular portion 34a, a small-diameter-side annular portion 34b, and a column portion 34c that connects the large-diameter-side annular portion 34a and the small-diameter-side annular portion 34b. And the tapered roller 23 is rotatably accommodated in the pocket 34d partitioned by the column parts 34c and 34c which adjoin along the circumferential direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hook piece 36 extends to the inner diameter side beyond the maximum outer diameter portion (the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 26) of the inner ring 21. An annular engagement groove (notch groove) 37 is formed in the flange portion 26 of the inner ring 21 in order to accommodate the hook piece 36 that protrudes to the inner diameter side of the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 26. There is a slight gap in the axial direction and the radial direction between the hooking piece 36 and the notch groove 37, whereby the cage 24 can move slightly in the axial direction and the radial direction. At least one hook piece 36 is sufficient, but it may be formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction.

  In other words, the hook piece 36 has a hook that can keep the inner ring 21, the tapered roller 23, and the cage in an assembled state with respect to the flange portion 26 of the inner ring 21, and the hook portion 36 when the cage 24 is neutral with respect to the shaft center L. 26 is not in contact with the hook part 26 during operation, or when the hook part 26 is in contact with the hook part inner diameter end 38 and the bottom surface 39 of the notch groove 37 of the hook part 26 are in contact with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the hooking piece 36 has a tapered surface whose inner surface 36a expands outward in the axial direction from the outer diameter side toward the inner diameter side. Further, a notch 40 is provided on the inner diameter end side of the outer surface 36 b of the hook piece 36. The inclination of the inner surface 36 corresponds to the inclination of the large end surface 23b and the small end surface 23a of the tapered roller 23.

  Further, in the cage 24, the window pushing angle (window angle) θ (see FIG. 2) of the column surface 47 of the column part 34c is set to 55 ° to 80 °, for example.

  The roller coefficient γ is set to exceed 0.94. Here, the roller coefficient γ is defined by the following equation. In addition, the window angle θ between the pockets (between adjacent column portions along the circumferential direction) refers to an angle formed by a surface of the column portion 34c that contacts the rolling surface of the tapered roller 23.

Roller coefficient γ = (Z · DA) / (π · PCD)
Here, Z: Number of rollers, DA: Roller average diameter, PCD: Roller pitch circle diameter

  The cage 24 is a resin cage. This resin is preferably an engineering plastic. Here, the engineering plastic is an abbreviation for engineering plastics, which is excellent in heat resistance among synthetic resins and can be used in fields where strength is required. Engineering plastics include general-purpose engineering plastics and super engineering plastics, and the engineering plastics used for the cage 24 include both. The following are typical examples. These are examples of engineering plastics, and engineering plastics are not limited to the following.

General-purpose engineering plastics include polycarbonate (PC), polyamide 6 (PA6), polyamide 66 (PA66), polyacetal (POM), modified polyphenylene ether (m-PPE), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and GF reinforced polyethylene terephthalate (GF). -PET), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) and the like. Super engineering plastics include polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyarylate (PAR), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetherimide (PEI), and polyetheretherketone. (PEEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), thermoplastic polyimide (TPI), polybenzimidazole (PBI), polymethylbenten (TPX), poly 1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polyamide 46 (PA46), Polyamide 6T (PA6T), Polyamide 9T (PA9T), Polyamide 11,12 (
PA11, 12), fluororesin, polyphthalamide (PPA) and the like.

In particular, PPS (polyphenylene sulfide resin) is preferable. PPS is a high-performance engineering plastic having a molecular structure in which phenyl groups (benzene rings) and sulfur (S) are alternately repeated. It is crystalline, has a continuous use temperature of 200 ° C. to 220 ° C., a deflection temperature under a high load (1.82 MPa) of 260 ° C. or more, and is excellent in heat resistance, and has high tensile strength and bending strength. Since the shrinkage rate during molding is as small as 0.3 to 0.5%, the dimensional stability is good. Excellent in flame retardancy and chemical resistance. PPS can be broadly classified into three types: cross-linked, straight-chain, and semi-cross-linked. The cross-linked type is a high molecular weight product obtained by cross-linking a low molecular weight polymer, and is mainly brittle and reinforced with glass fiber. The straight-chain type has a high toughness and has a high molecular weight without a crosslinking step in the polymerization stage. The semi-cross-linked type has the characteristics of both the cross-linked type and the straight chain type.

  Next, a manufacturing mold apparatus for forming the cage 24 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing mold apparatus is adjacent to the first mold 41 (only part of which is shown in the figure) and the second mold 42 (only part of which is shown in the figure) in the circumferential direction. A pocket forming core 43 for forming a pocket 34d between the matching column portions. The pocket-forming core 43 is composed of halves 43a and 43b having a trapezoidal cross section, and is arranged corresponding to the pocket 34d in which the hook piece 36 is formed.

  Each of the halves 43a and 43b includes an inclined side surface 45 and a radial side surface 46 disposed along the radial direction, and the radial side surfaces 46 and 46 are disposed so as to face each other. At this time, the halves 43a and 43b are slid into and out of the column surface 47 of the column part 34c. A hook piece forming cavity is formed on the radial side surfaces 46, 46 of the halves 43a, 43b.

  The pocket 34d in which the hook piece 36 is not formed is formed by a core 51 constituted by the protrusion 41a of the first mold 41 and the protrusion 42a of the second mold 42.

  According to the mold apparatus shown in FIG. 4, the pocket molding core 43 can be taken in and out in the inner and outer diameter directions (in this case, from the outer diameter side, the small end face 23c of the tapered roller 23 accommodated in the pocket 34d). It is unnecessary to slide the pocket forming core 43 in the axial direction.

  In particular, when manufacturing the retainer 24 having the hook structure M as in the embodiment, if the die device shown in FIG. 4 is used, the hook portion structure M can be reliably molded, and the tapered roller bearing is used. In the assembling operation, the tapered roller 23 can be prevented from falling off to the small end side. That is, the inner ring 21, the tapered roller 23, and the retainer 24 can be handled as an assembly (assembly unit body), and the assembly (productivity) of the entire bearing can be improved.

  In addition, it is not necessary to provide a notch or the like in the cage in order to provide the hook portion structure, so that a strength reduction and stress concentration can be prevented, and the cage has excellent durability. Furthermore, if the pocket forming core 43 forms a hook piece forming cavity as in the above embodiment, the hook piece 36 is integrally formed on the large-diameter side annular portion 43a by this mold device. The cage 24 can be molded, the hook structure M can be stably configured, and a tapered roller bearing excellent in assemblability can be formed.

  If the pocket forming core 43 forms a hook piece forming cavity, this mold device can form a cage in which the hook piece 36 is formed integrally with the large-diameter side annular portion 34a. The hook structure M can be configured stably, and a tapered roller bearing excellent in assemblability can be formed.

  Resin cages are lighter in weight than steel plates, are self-lubricating, and have a low coefficient of friction. Therefore, in combination with the effect of lubricating oil in the bearing, contact with the outer ring It is possible to suppress the occurrence of wear due to. Further, since the resin cage is light and has a small coefficient of friction, it is suitable for reducing torque loss and cage wear at the time of starting the bearing.

  In this case, by using PPS (polyphenylene sulfide resin) having high resistance to oil, high temperature, and chemicals in the cage, the life of the bearing device in which the cage is used can be extended.

  If the roller coefficient γ exceeds 0.94, the column width of the cage 24 can be increased while avoiding contact between the outer ring 22 and the cage 24 in the neutral state. For this reason, it becomes possible to raise load capacity to the level of a full roller bearing (bearing which does not use a cage), without changing the bearing size. As a result, the contact surface pressure can be reduced, and further, when applied to an application where there is a stop state in the use cycle, the surface pressure is relaxed, thereby improving the fretting resistance. In addition, the cage 24 and the tapered roller 23 can ensure a good contact state, and the roller can be smoothly rotated.

  Further, by setting the window angle θ of the cage 24 to 55 ° or more, it is possible to ensure a good contact state with the tapered roller 23, and by setting the window angle θ of the cage 24 to 80 ° or less, The pressing force in the radial direction is not increased, and smooth rotation can be obtained.

  For this reason, the tapered roller bearing using the cage 24 molded by the mold apparatus according to the present invention is optimal for a bearing that supports the power transmission shaft of the self-propelled vehicle.

  FIG. 5 shows a modification of the mold apparatus. In this case, the pocket forming core 43 includes a core body 55 and a protrusion 56 that is connected to the body 55 and forms a part of the pocket 34d. The main body 55 is formed with a slidable contact surface portion 55 a that can slidably contact the inner surface 36 a of the tapered surface of the hook piece 36.

  For this reason, the pocket forming core 43 of the mold apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is capable of reciprocating along the inner surface 36a of the hook piece 36 on the inner diameter side as indicated by an arrow. Here, the inner surface 36a of the hook piece 36 corresponds to the inclination angle of the small end surface 23c and the large end surface 23b of the tapered roller 23 accommodated in the pocket 34d. Therefore, it enters along the inclination angle of the small end surface 23c of the tapered roller 23 accommodated in the pocket 34d from the inner diameter side.

  Therefore, even if such a pocket molding core 43 is used, it is not necessary to slide the pocket molding core in the axial direction as in the pocket molding core 43 shown in FIG. The same effect as the device is achieved.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment, which is a double row tapered roller bearing, and this bearing includes inner rings (bearing inner rings) 62a and 62b having conical raceway surfaces 65a and 65b on the outer periphery, An outer ring (bearing outer ring) 61 fixed to a housing (not shown) and having conical raceway surfaces 66a and 66b on the inner periphery, and a plurality of tapered rollers 63a and 63b interposed between the raceways of the inner rings 62a and 62b and the outer ring 61. And retainers 64a and 64b for holding a plurality of tapered rollers 63a and 63b at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. On the large end side of the outer circumferences of the inner rings 62a and 62b, annular collars (large collars) 68a and 68b are formed. In this type of tapered roller bearing, both ends in the axial direction are often sealed with a sealing device, but this sealing device is not shown in the drawings.

  As in the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. 1, the cages 64a and 64b include a small-diameter ring portion (small-diameter side annular portion) 69, a large-diameter ring portion (large-diameter side annular portion) 70, and a plurality of cages disposed therebetween. A pocket 72 for holding the tapered rollers 63a and 63b is formed between the column portions 71. Tapered rollers 63a and 63b are rotatably accommodated in the pockets 72, respectively.

  In addition, engagement portions (hook pieces) 36 that can be engaged with the large collars 68a and 68b of the inner rings 62a and 62b are formed on the large ends of the cages 64a and 64b. The large collars 68a and 68b of the inner rings 62a and 62b accommodate the hook pieces 36 projecting to the inner diameter side from the outer peripheral surfaces of the large collars 68a and 68b. Therefore, each inner ring 62a and 62b has an annular engagement groove ( Notch grooves) 37 and 37 are formed. In this case, the inner surface 36a of the hook piece 36 is a plane orthogonal to the bearing axis L.

  The small-diameter side end face 80 is disposed on the inner side in the axial direction from the plane S perpendicular to the bearing central axis L of the outer peripheral edges of the small end faces 81 and 81 of the tapered rollers 63a and 63b. In this case, the small-diameter end surface 81 and the outer peripheral edges of the small end surfaces 81 and 81 of the tapered rollers 63a and 63b may be substantially disposed on a plane S orthogonal to the bearing center axis L. That is, each small diameter side end surface 80, 80 does not protrude from the small end surfaces 81, 81 of the tapered rollers 63a, 63b.

The cages 64a and 64b shown in FIG. 6 are formed using the mold apparatus shown in FIG. The pocket molding core 43 of the mold apparatus of FIG. 7 is similar to the pocket molding core 43 shown in FIG. 5, and includes a core body 75 and a protrusion 76 that is connected to the body 75 and molds a part of the pocket 72. Is provided. The main body 75 is formed with a slidable contact surface portion 75 a that can slidably contact the inner surface 36 a of the tapered surface of the hook piece 36.

  Therefore, the pocket forming core 43 of the mold apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is capable of reciprocating along the radial direction (reciprocating in the direction orthogonal to the bearing axis L) as indicated by an arrow on the inner diameter side. ing. Therefore, it enters along the direction orthogonal to the axial direction from the inner diameter side.

  Therefore, even if such a pocket molding core 43 is used, it is not necessary to slide the pocket molding core in the axial direction as in the pocket molding core 43 shown in FIG. The same effect as the device is achieved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, by arranging the small diameter side end faces 80, 80 and the outer peripheral edges of the small end faces 81, 81 of the tapered rollers 63a, 63b substantially on a plane orthogonal to the bearing center axis L, A double row tapered roller bearing can be constructed in which the small diameter side end faces 80 and 80 do not protrude from the small end faces 81 and 81 of the tapered rollers 63a and 63b so that the small diameter sides face each other. For this reason, the double row tapered roller bearing can be made compact and light.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, the number of locking pieces constituting the hook piece 36 can be arbitrarily increased or decreased. However, in order to stably prevent the tapered rollers 23 from falling, it is preferable to dispose three or more non-uniformly along the circumferential direction. Further, in the embodiment, the notch 37 is opened on the end surface 21a on the large-diameter side of the inner ring 21, but without being opened on the end surface 21a, an annular recess formed on the outer diameter surface of the flange portion 26. You may comprise by a groove | channel.

  In addition, in each embodiment, the hook structure portion M is configured by the hook piece 36 on the large diameter side of the cage 24. However, the hook structure portion M is provided on a hook portion (hook piece) protruding from the inner ring side to the cage side. Alternatively, a hook portion (hook piece) may be provided on the cage side and the inner ring side.

  This tapered roller bearing can be used in various parts where a tapered roller bearing can be conventionally used. In particular, it is preferable to use it for an automobile differential or transmission because it can cope with an increase in engine torque and multi-stages.

It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the tapered roller bearing of the said FIG. It is sectional drawing of the retainer of the tapered roller bearing of the said FIG. It is a simplified sectional view of the metallic mold apparatus used for the manufacturing method of the tapered roller bearing retainer of the present invention. It is a simplified sectional view showing a modification of a mold apparatus for manufacture. It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a manufacturing mold apparatus used in the method for manufacturing the tapered roller bearing retainer shown in FIG. 6. It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing using the conventional cage | basket. It is a simplified sectional view of a conventional mold apparatus for manufacturing a cage. It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing which uses another conventional cage. It is a simplified sectional view of a mold device for manufacturing another conventional cage.

Explanation of symbols

21 Inner ring 23, 63a, 63b Tapered roller 24, 64a, 64b Cage 34a Large-diameter side annular part 34b Small-diameter side annular part 34c Pillar part 34d Pocket 36 Hook piece 43 Pocket forming core 62a Inner ring 71 Pillar part 72 Pocket 80 Small-diameter side End face 81 Small end face

Claims (9)

A tapered roller is provided in a pocket formed between columns adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, including a large-diameter-side annular portion, a small-diameter-side annular portion, and a pillar portion that connects the large-diameter-side annular portion and the small-diameter-side annular portion. A method of manufacturing a resin tapered roller bearing retainer that is accommodated and capable of being engaged with a tapered roller inner ring through a hook structure portion on the large diameter side annular portion side ,
Using a mold for cage production with a pocket forming core that forms pockets between adjacent pillars in the circumferential direction, the core for pocket forming can be taken in and out in the inner and outer diameter directions without sliding in the axial direction. method of manufacturing a cage for the tapered roller bearing, characterized in that it is a.   2. The cone according to claim 1, wherein the pocket forming core of the cage manufacturing die enters from the outer diameter side along an inclination angle of a small end surface of the tapered roller accommodated in the pocket. A method for manufacturing a roller bearing cage.   2. The tapered roller according to claim 1, wherein the pocket forming core of the cage manufacturing die enters from the inner diameter side along an inclination angle of a small end surface of the tapered roller accommodated in the pocket. Manufacturing method of bearing cage.   2. The method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing cage according to claim 1, wherein the pocket forming core of the mold for manufacturing the cage enters from a radially inner side along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. 3. The retainer includes a hook structure portion formed of a hook piece that protrudes in an inner diameter direction at a position corresponding to the pocket on the large-diameter-side annular portion and engages with the inner ring of the cage. The method for manufacturing a tapered roller bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pocket forming core forms a hook piece forming cavity . A tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller bearing retainer molded by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a small diameter side end surface and a small end surface of the tapered roller are provided. The outer peripheral edge is substantially arranged on a plane orthogonal to the bearing central axis, or the small-diameter end face is arranged on the inner side in the axial direction from the plane orthogonal to the bearing central axis of the outer peripheral edge of the tapered roller small end face. Tapered roller bearings characterized by that. A tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller bearing cage molded by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the Poniferlen sulfide is used in the tapered roller bearing cage. Tapered roller bearings characterized by using resin . A tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller bearing cage formed by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a roller coefficient γ exceeds 0.94. Tapered roller bearing. A tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller bearing cage molded by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a window angle of a pocket of the cage is 55 ° or more. Tapered roller bearings characterized by being 80 ° or less .

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