JP5259502B2 - Water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction technique of a water treatment apparatus that performs water treatment of water to be treated.

Conventionally, in water treatment equipment that treats treated water such as domestic wastewater discharged from ordinary households and sewage such as industrial wastewater, a water treatment mechanism for the treated water is accommodated in the treatment tank body. For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a water treatment mechanism including a primary treatment unit that performs solid-liquid separation treatment and anaerobic treatment of water to be treated and a secondary treatment unit that performs aerobic treatment of the water to be treated is a treatment tank body. Is disclosed.
By the way, in this kind of water treatment apparatus, the request | requirement which aims at improvement of the disposal performance of to-be-processed water is high. Therefore, the present inventors have paid particular attention to the configuration of the primary processing unit that performs solid-liquid separation processing and anaerobic processing of water to be treated, and have intensively studied a technique for improving the processing performance in the primary processing unit.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-146592

  In the present invention, the water treatment mechanism accommodated in the treatment tank main body performs an anaerobic treatment on the solid-liquid separation processing section for subjecting the water to be treated to solid-liquid separation processing, and the water subjected to the solid-liquid separation processing in the solid-liquid separation processing section. An object of the present invention is to provide a technique effective for improving water treatment performance in a water treatment apparatus including an anaerobic treatment unit.

  The present invention is configured to solve the above problems. The present invention is suitable for a water treatment apparatus for purifying water or treated water such as domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater discharged from facilities such as general households, apartment houses, commercial facilities, public facilities, and factories. Used. The “water” or “treated water” as used herein may include water after a predetermined water treatment such as a purification treatment, or may be the water itself before the predetermined water treatment. .

  The water treatment embedding apparatus according to the present invention is configured as an apparatus having a treatment tank main body and a water treatment mechanism accommodated in the treatment tank main body. The water to be treated is substantially treated by receiving and treating the water to be treated in the treatment tank main body in a state where the treatment mechanism is accommodated. The water treatment mechanism includes a solid-liquid separation processing unit, an anaerobic processing unit, and an aerobic processing unit. The water treatment mechanism may have a configuration in which a further treatment element is added to the treatment element. For example, each treatment element that performs filtration, storage, disinfection, and the like of water to be treated can be added to the water treatment mechanism.

  The solid-liquid separation processing unit is a water processing unit that performs solid-liquid separation processing on the water that has flowed into the water treatment mechanism. As this solid-liquid separation processing unit, a region where impurities in the water to be treated are removed is typically used by adjusting the flow of the water to be treated by a baffle or the like. The anaerobic treatment unit is a water treatment unit that anaerobically treats the water that has been subjected to the solid-liquid separation treatment by the solid-liquid separation treatment unit. The solid-liquid separation processing unit and the anaerobic processing unit are configured as a “primary processing unit” that performs primary processing of water to be treated. The aerobic treatment unit is a water treatment unit that aerobically treats water that has been anaerobically treated by the anaerobic treatment unit. The aerobic processing unit is configured as a “secondary processing unit” that performs secondary processing of the water to be treated after the primary processing. Moreover, it is set as the structure by which the solid-liquid separation process part, the anaerobic process part, and the aerobic process part were arrange | positioned in series regarding the water treatment flow in a water treatment mechanism.

The anaerobic treatment unit includes a first filling area, a second filling area, a first chamber, a second chamber, a partition member, a second partition member, a water introduction path, and a water lead-out path. The first filling area is a filling area filled with the first anaerobic filter medium for anaerobic treatment, and the first filling area is accommodated in the first chamber. The second filling region is disposed downstream of the first filling region with respect to the water treatment flow in the anaerobic treatment unit, and is a filling region filled with the second anaerobic filter medium for anaerobic treatment. The second chamber accommodates the second filling region and is arranged in parallel with the first chamber. The partition member is configured to extend in a long shape in the vertical direction of the tank of the processing tank body so as to partition the first chamber and the second chamber. The water introduction path is a path through which water treated by the solid-liquid separation processing unit is introduced into the first chamber. The water lead-out path is a path through which the water that has flowed upward through the first filling region flows into the second chamber. The water lead-out path is formed by opening an upper part of the partition member. The second water lead-out path is a path for leading the water that has flowed downward through the second filling region to the aerobic treatment unit. Regarding the introduction route and the lead-out route, the route can be configured by interior members such as a baffle member and a partition member, piping, and the like, which are housed in the processing tank body. Then, the water flowing into the water treatment device flows and flows upward in the first filling area without contacting another anaerobic filter medium before contacting the first anaerobic filter medium in the first filling area. It is configured.

  According to such a configuration, the water flowing through the anaerobic treatment unit after being subjected to the solid-liquid separation treatment in the solid-liquid separation treatment unit, a plurality of filling regions filled with anaerobic filter media are arranged in series and intermittently. By passing through the path, a plurality of stages of anaerobic treatment is performed in addition to the solid-liquid separation treatment. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the solid-liquid separation performance of the water to be treated and the denitrification performance in the primary treatment section.

Moreover, in the water treatment apparatus of the further form of this invention, in order to partition an anaerobic process part and an aerobic process part, it has the barrier extended in the elongate shape of the tank vertical direction of a process tank main body. Further, the anaerobic processing unit, the filter medium upper region, the filter medium lower region, the second filter medium upper region, further comprising is preferably a second filter medium lower region and the opening. The upper area of the filter medium is an area above the first filling area in the vertical direction of the treatment tank body in the first chamber. The filter medium lower region is a region below the first filling region with respect to the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank body in the first chamber. The second filter medium upper region is a region above the second filling region in the vertical direction of the treatment tank body in the second chamber. The second filter medium lower region is a region below the second filling region in the vertical direction of the treatment tank body in the second chamber. The second water lead-out path is a path through which the water flowing downward from the second filter medium upper region to the second filter medium lower region flows to the aerobic treatment unit. Regarding the introduction route and the lead-out route, the route can be configured by interior members such as a baffle member and a partition member, piping, and the like, which are housed in the processing tank body. The opening is formed in the upper part of the partition member so as to communicate the upper part of the filter medium and the second upper part of the filter medium, and is configured as the water lead-out path described above.

  According to such a configuration, in the first chamber of the anaerobic treatment unit, the water to be treated passes through the filling region of the anaerobic filter medium in an upward flow, so SS (suspended solids) contained in the water in the lower region of the filter medium Tends to settle before passing through the anaerobic filter medium and deposit on the bottom of the tank. Therefore, the amount of SS trapped by the anaerobic filter medium itself is reduced by reducing the amount of SS that passes through the anaerobic filter medium as compared with the configuration of passing through the packed region of the anaerobic filter medium in a downward flow. As a result, the occurrence of partial blockage or short-circuiting in the anaerobic filter medium filling region is suppressed, and a uniform flow can be maintained over a long period of time, so that the solid-liquid separation performance of the water to be treated can be further improved. Figured.

Further, according to such a configuration, after passing through the anaerobic filter medium filling region in the first chamber in an upward flow, it is transferred to the second chamber through the opening formed in the partition member and is directly anaerobic in the second chamber. Since the flow path of water that passes through the filter material filling region in a downward flow is adopted, the structure of the flow path is simplified, and the number of components of the path is reduced. Further, when the inflow amount in the water introduction path, that is, the inflow amount flowing into the first chamber increases, the filter medium upper region and the second filter medium upper region serve as a region for storing the increase in the inflow amount. . Therefore, even if the amount of inflow increases, the increase can be absorbed by the rise of the water level in the upper region of the filter medium and the upper region of the second filter medium. As a result, the linear velocity of water passing through the anaerobic filter bed in the second chamber can be kept substantially constant, and the solid-liquid separation performance and denitrification performance of the water to be treated can be stabilized.

Moreover, in the water treatment apparatus of the further form of this invention, in order to partition a solid-liquid separation process part and an anaerobic process part, it has a 2nd barrier extended in the elongate shape of the tank vertical direction of a process tank main body. Yes. The water introduction path is configured to have a second opening formed in the upper portion of the second barrier, and is provided so that the lower end of the opening and the lower end of the second opening coincide with each other in the tank vertical direction. Yes.

Moreover, in the water treatment apparatus of the further form of this invention, the said anaerobic process part is the structure by which the filter medium filling rate of the anaerobic filter medium which occupies for the effective capacity regarding the water treatment of the said anaerobic process part was 20 to 60%. Is preferred. Regarding the description of “effective capacity regarding water treatment of anaerobic treatment unit” here, the volume of the entire space of the anaerobic treatment unit is substantially effective for water treatment, that is, actually treated water during normal use. The volume in which is stored corresponds to the effective capacity here. Typically, the volume of the anaerobic treatment unit corresponding to the upper limit water level during normal use can be defined as the effective capacity. Further, the “filter medium filling rate” is defined as the ratio of the space actually occupied by the anaerobic filter medium in the volume.
According to such a configuration, by suppressing the filter medium filling rate to 60% or less, it is possible to prevent the anaerobic filter medium from being clogged with solids, and to maintain the filter medium filling rate to 20% or more, thereby achieving a desired anaerobic treatment. It is effective to ensure performance and filtration performance.

Moreover, it is preferable that the water treatment apparatus of the further form of this invention is a structure provided with a flow volume adjustment part. The flow rate adjusting unit is provided between the anaerobic processing unit and the aerobic processing unit, and fulfills a function capable of adjusting the flow rate of water that is transferred to the aerobic processing unit after being anaerobically processed by the anaerobic processing unit. This flow rate adjusting unit is typically configured by a pump capable of adjusting the flow rate of water flowing to the aerobic processing unit, and a device for returning a part of the water transferred by this pump to the anaerobic processing unit. The
According to such a configuration, it is effective to improve the treatment performance of the water to be treated in the anaerobic treatment unit and the aerobic treatment unit. Specifically, by suppressing fluctuations in the flow rate of water flowing to the aerobic treatment unit with the flow rate adjustment unit, the aerobic treatment unit improves the organic matter removal performance of the water to be treated and the treatment performance related to nitrification, while solid-liquid separation treatment By suppressing fluctuations in the retention time of the water to be treated in the part and the anaerobic treatment part, it is possible to improve the processing performance regarding the solid-liquid separation and sludge storage of the water to be treated.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the water treatment mechanism accommodated in the treatment tank main body includes the solid-liquid separation processing unit for subjecting the water to be treated to solid-liquid separation processing, and the solid-liquid separation processing by the solid-liquid separation processing unit. In the water treatment apparatus including the anaerobic treatment unit that anaerobically treats the water that has been treated, in particular, by adopting a configuration in which the water after the solid-liquid separation treatment is further subjected to a plurality of stages of anaerobic treatment, It became possible to improve separation performance and denitrification performance.

  Below, the structure of the water treatment apparatus of one Embodiment in this invention is demonstrated based on drawing. Note that this embodiment is a water treatment apparatus that performs water treatment of raw water (also referred to as “drainage” or “treated water”) discharged from facilities such as ordinary households, apartment houses, commercial facilities, public facilities, and factories. Is described.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a water treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the “water treatment apparatus” of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a water treatment flow in the water treatment apparatus 100 in FIG. . As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the water treatment embedding apparatus 100 of this Embodiment is set as the structure by which the water treatment mechanism 101a containing a some water treatment function was accommodated in the processing tank main body 101. FIG.

The processing tank main body 101 is typically a bowl-shaped block that closes the main housing 102 constituted by a long pipe member having a circular cross section and the pipe openings on both sides of the main housing (also referred to as “straight barrel”) 102. A lid portion (also referred to as a “mirror portion”) 103 and 103 forms a tank shape. The processing tank main body 101 here corresponds to the “processing tank main body” in the present invention. The processing tank main body 101 is disposed at the installation location with the main housing 102 being placed horizontally. An inflow pipe 104 for receiving raw water into the processing tank main body 101 is installed in one lid portion 103 of the processing tank main body 101. In addition, the other lid portion 103 of the treatment tank main body 101 is provided with an outflow pipe 105 for discharging water treated by the water treatment mechanism 101 a in the treatment tank main body 101 to the outside of the treatment tank main body 101. In addition, a plurality of manholes 106 for tank entry, internal inspection, and cleaning are installed on the upper portion of the main housing 102 in the horizontal state, that is, on the side of the long pipe member. The treatment tank main body 101 having the above-mentioned shape is suitably used for a large septic tank having typically several tens to hundreds of people to be treated.
In this specification, the manhole 106 side (the upper side in FIG. 1) of the main housing 102 is defined as the upper side of the processing tank body 101, and the opposite side (the lower side in FIG. It is defined as the lower side.

  The water treatment mechanism 101a is configured as a water treatment region including at least the treatment elements of the contaminant removal tank 110, the aerobic treatment unit 200, the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, the aerobic treatment tank 150, the precipitation tank 170, and the disinfection tank 190. The In the present embodiment, among these components included in the water treatment mechanism 101a, the contaminant removal tank 110, the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, the aerobic treatment tank 150, the precipitation tank 170, and the disinfection tank 190 are a series of raw water. Are arranged in order from the upstream (left side in FIG. 1), that is, in series with respect to the water treatment flow. The aerobic treatment unit 200 is configured as a water treatment unit provided by branching from the above-described series of water flows (also referred to as “main flow”), and is connected to the contaminant removal tank 110 in this embodiment. Has been. The water treatment mechanism 101a here corresponds to the “water treatment mechanism” in the present invention. Further, in the water treatment mechanism 101a, the contaminant removal tank 110, the aerobic treatment unit 200, and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 are also referred to as “primary treatment unit” that performs a primary treatment of the water to be treated. The treatment tank 150 is also referred to as a “secondary treatment unit” that performs a secondary treatment of the water to be treated after the primary treatment.

  The space in the processing tank main body 101 is partitioned into processing elements by interposing a plurality of plate wall-shaped partition walls. Specifically, the partition 112 is interposed between the contaminant removal tank 110 and the aerobic treatment unit 200, the partition 113 is interposed between the contaminant removal tank 110 and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, and the partition 156 is An anaerobic filter bed tank 130 and an aerobic treatment tank 150 are interposed, a partition wall 172 is interposed between the aerobic treatment tank 150 and the sedimentation tank 170, and a partition wall 192 is provided between the precipitation tank 170 and the disinfection tank 190. Intervene in between. All of these partition walls 112, 113, 156, and 172 are configured as wall members extending in a long shape in the tank vertical direction of the processing tank body 101.

  In addition, although FIG. 1 describes an example in which the processing elements of the water treatment mechanism 101a are juxtaposed in the long extending direction of the main housing 102, a prescribed process in which the processing order by the processing elements is set in advance is described. The order may be sufficient, and the directionality of the arrangement of the treatment elements of the water treatment mechanism 101a in the treatment tank body 101 can be appropriately selected as necessary.

  The contaminant removal tank 110 is arranged at the most upstream part with respect to the water treatment flow of the water treatment mechanism 101a. The contaminant removal tank 110 is a treatment tank that separates impurities (solid matter, etc.) contained in the raw water from the water to be treated using solid-liquid separation means such as an inflow baffle and an outflow baffle. Performs solid-liquid separation function of treated water. The contaminant removal tank 110 here corresponds to the “solid-liquid separation processing unit” in the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 1, an inflow baffle 120 and an outflow baffle 123 that act on the raw water flowing in from the inflow pipe 104 are provided in the contaminant removal tank 110. The inflow baffle 120 forms a partition area 121 of water to be treated by a plate-like member or a pipe-like member, and the partition area 121 is long in the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank body 101 (vertical direction in FIG. 1). It extends to. Similarly, the outflow baffle 123 forms a partition area 125 of water to be treated by a plate-like member or a pipe-like member, and this partition area 125 is the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank main body 101 (vertical direction in FIG. 1). It extends in the longitudinal direction.

  As a result, the raw water flowing in from the inflow pipe 104 flows downward toward the outflow portion 122 in the partition region 121 of the inflow baffle 120, and flows out from the outflow portion 122 to the solid-liquid separation region 111. The treated water that has flowed out of the outflow portion 122 flows upward toward the outflow baffle 123 this time through the solid-liquid separation region 111 while removing impurities. Then, the water after the contaminant removal process is performed in the solid-liquid separation region 111 flows into the partition region 125 from the inflow portion 124 of the outflow baffle 123, flows upward in the partition region 125, and is further pushed out. It flows to the advection opening 114 at the upper part of the partition wall 113 according to the principle, and flows to the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 through the advection opening 114.

  The aerobic treatment unit 200 is water generated by the solid-liquid separation process in the contaminant removal tank 110, that is, the sewage after the sludge solid-liquid separation process is performed, specifically, the intermediate water level of the contaminant removal tank 110. It fulfills the function of accepting and treating a part of the accumulated water (also called “intermediate water” or “supernatant liquid”). More specifically, a first treatment for aerobic treatment (also referred to as “nitrification” or “oxidation” of ammonia in water to be treated) of organic pollutants contained in the intermediate water received from the contaminant removal tank 110; In the aerobic treatment unit 200, a second process for facilitating the floating of the scum in which fats and oils and solids are collected in the contaminant removal tank 110 is performed.

With respect to the specific configuration of the aerobic treatment unit 200, one or more of an aeration tank, a contact aeration tank, a carrier fluidized tank, and the like can be used as appropriate, and in particular, blockage of solid matter such as sludge. It is preferable to use a carrier fluidized tank that has a low risk.
When the aerobic treatment unit 200 is configured as a carrier flow tank, as shown in FIG. 1, an air diffuser 202 is installed below a carrier filling region 201 filled with a plurality of granular carriers C3 so as to flow, and a blower (blower ) The structure which supplies the air sent from 203 to the granular support | carrier C3 via the diffuser 202 can be used. In this configuration, the aerobic microorganism attached to the granular carrier C3 performs the first treatment described above with the help of oxygen in the air sent from the blower 203. Further, the second process described above is performed by the upward air flow generated by the supply of air from the blower 203.

A portion of the intermediate water in the contaminant removal tank 110 is pumped to the aerobic treatment unit 200 by a transfer pump 126 such as an air lift pump. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate water in the contaminant removal tank 110 is branched from the main flow of water flowing from the contaminant removal tank 110 to the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 and introduced into the aerobic treatment unit 200. The This water introduction flow from the contaminant removal tank 110 to the aerobic treatment unit 200 is indicated by an arrow 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
In addition, it is preferable that the transfer pump 126 is provided with the adjustment mechanism which can adjust the amount of transferred water. A typical example of this adjustment mechanism is an adjustment valve that can automatically or manually adjust the amount of air supplied to the air lift pump. Instead of the transfer means by the transfer pump 126, means for transferring sewage by the principle of extrusion flow or overflow through a transfer flow path formed by interior materials such as the tank wall and partition plate of the processing tank main body can be used. .

  The water after the aerobic treatment in the aerobic treatment unit 200 is configured to be returned from the aerobic treatment unit 200 to the contaminant removal tank 110 in accordance with, for example, the extrusion flow or overflow principle. The return flow of this water from the aerobic processing part 200 to the contaminant removal tank 110 is shown by the arrow 20 in FIG.1 and FIG.2. Accordingly, a water circulation flow (also referred to as “reflux”) is formed between the contaminant removal tank 110 and the aerobic treatment unit 200. Specifically, water is pushed out by the water level difference generated in the partition 112 that partitions the aerobic treatment unit 200 and the contaminant removal tank 110, and the water is returned from the aerobic treatment unit 200 to the contaminant removal tank 110. Is done. For this return, a transfer pump such as an air lift pump or a submersible pump can be used.

  The anaerobic filter bed tank 130 is configured as a treatment tank having a function of anaerobically treating (reducing) organic pollutants in the treated water and a function of filtering treated water. The anaerobic filter bed tank 130 here corresponds to the “anaerobic treatment section” in the present invention. The anaerobic filter bed tank 130 includes an anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 and an anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132. The anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 are both an anaerobic filter bed 133 and an anaerobic filter bed filled with an anaerobic filter medium C1 to which anaerobic microorganisms for anaerobically treating organic pollutants are attached. 136 is configured as an area for accommodating 136. The anaerobic filter medium C1 here corresponds to the “anaerobic filter medium” in the present invention. The anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136 here correspond to the “(first) packed area” and the “(second) packed area” in the present invention, respectively, and contain the anaerobic filter beds 133 and 136. The anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 are respectively equivalent to the “first chamber” and the “second chamber” in the present invention.

  In the first chamber 131 of the anaerobic filter bed tank, the anaerobic filter medium C1 is filled between the filter medium lower area 134 and the filter medium upper area 135 in the vertical direction of the processing tank main body 101. The filter medium lower area 134 and the filter medium upper area 135 here correspond to the “filter medium lower area” and the “filter medium upper area” in the present invention, respectively. Similarly, in the second chamber 132 of the anaerobic filter bed tank, the anaerobic filter medium C <b> 1 is filled between the filter medium upper area 137 and the filter medium lower area 138 in the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank main body 101. The filter medium upper area 137 and the filter medium lower area 138 here correspond to the “second filter medium upper area” and the “second filter medium lower area” in the present invention, respectively.

  Anaerobic treatment is performed when the water to be treated flows through the anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136, and BOD is reduced and sludge is reduced by this anaerobic treatment. Regarding the type of the anaerobic filter medium C1, the anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136 may be the same type of anaerobic filter medium, or may be different types of anaerobic filter media. Further, regarding the filling amount of the anaerobic filter medium C1, the same filling amount may be used for the anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136, or different filling amounts may be used.

  In the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment, the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 is located immediately downstream of the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 with respect to the water treatment flow in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 ("back stage"). (Also called). At this time, the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 are typically juxtaposed in the long extension direction of the main housing 102 or in the direction intersecting the long extension direction. Both chambers are partitioned by a plate wall-shaped partition member 139. The partition member 139 is configured as a plate-like member extending in a long shape in the tank vertical direction of the processing tank main body 101.

  In addition, the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 is provided with a guiding member 140 that directly guides the water flowing in from the advection opening 114 downward toward the filter medium lower region 134. The guiding member 140 forms a partition area 141 of water to be treated by a plate-like member or a pipe-like member, and the partition area 141 is long in the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank body 101 (vertical direction in FIG. 1). It extends to the shape. The guide member 140 here constitutes a water introduction path for introducing the water treated in the contaminant removal tank 110 into the filter medium lower region 134 and corresponds to a “water introduction path” in the present invention.

  Thereby, the water that has flowed in from the advection opening 114 flows downward toward the outflow portion 142 in the partition region 141 of the guide member 140, and flows out from the outflow portion 142 to the filter medium lower region 134. The water to be treated in the lower filter medium region 134 flows upward through the anaerobic filter bed 133 (anaerobic filter medium C1) toward the upper filter medium region 135 by the upward flow (also referred to as “upward flow”). At this time, the first (first) anaerobic treatment is performed in the anaerobic filter bed 133. The water after the anaerobic treatment overflows the upper edge portion 139a of the partition member 139 according to the principle of extrusion flow, and moves to the filter medium upper region 137 of the second anaerobic filter bed tank 132. The partition member 139 here corresponds to the “partition member” in the present invention. Further, the upper edge portion 139a of the partition member 139 having an opening is configured as a water lead-out path for leading water flowing into the filter medium upper region 135 to the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132. Configure the “opening”.

  The water to be treated in the filter medium upper region 137 flows downward toward the filter medium lower region 138 through the anaerobic filter bed 136 (anaerobic filter medium C1) due to the downward flow (also referred to as “downflow”). At this time, in the anaerobic filter bed 136, the second anaerobic process is performed following the anaerobic process in the anaerobic filter bed 133. The water after the anaerobic treatment flows into the introduction member 160 from the filter medium lower region 138 by the principle of extrusion flow. The introduction member 160 has an opening 161 that opens in the filter medium lower region 138, and water in the filter medium lower region 138 is introduced into the introduction space 162 through the opening 161. Here, the filter medium upper area 135 and the filter medium upper area 137 are interposed between the anaerobic filter beds 133 and 136 adjacent to each other, and are configured as a water distribution space (retention area) that allows water to flow. A "space". This water circulation space may be provided separately from the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, or a part of the water circulation space may be shared by the space portion of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130.

  An air lift pump 163 is installed in the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132. This air lift pump 163 has a known pumping function that introduces air into a pipe-like member extending in the vertical direction of the tank of the processing tank main body 101, sucks water together with the air, pumps up, and discharges the air. The air lift pump is configured as follows. In the air lift pump 163 of the present embodiment, the suction port 164 is disposed in the introduction space 162 of the introduction member 160, while the discharge port 165 is disposed in the aerobic treatment tank 150 beyond the partition wall 156. Thereby, the water introduced into the introduction space 162 of the introduction member 160 is transferred to the aerobic treatment tank 150 in a state where the flow rate is adjusted by the air lift pump 163. The introduction member 160 and the air lift pump 163 referred to here constitute a water lead-out path for leading the water that has flowed to the filter medium lower region 138 to the aerobic treatment tank 150, and this is the “second water lead-out path” in the present invention. Equivalent to. Instead of the air lift pump 163, pump transfer means such as a submersible pump can be used.

  By using this air lift pump 163, it is effective to improve the treatment performance of the water to be treated in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 and the aerobic treatment tank 150. Specifically, by suppressing fluctuations in the flow rate of water flowing to the aerobic treatment tank 150, the aerobic treatment tank 150 enhances the organic matter removal performance of the water to be treated and the treatment performance related to nitrification, while the contaminant removal tank 110 and In the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, it is possible to improve the processing performance regarding the solid-liquid separation and sludge storage of the water to be treated by suppressing the fluctuation of the residence time of the water to be treated. The air lift pump 163 here constitutes a “flow rate adjusting unit” in the present invention. If necessary, it is possible to separately provide a device for returning a part of the water pumped up by the air lift pump 163 to the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 to enhance the flow rate adjustment.

  The anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment is configured such that the water levels in the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 are always maintained constant. This configuration is realized by a structure in which water flows between the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 due to overflow at the upper edge 139a of the partition member 139. Further, the water levels in the first anaerobic filter bed tank 131 and the second chamber 132 in the anaerobic filter bed tank are configured to coincide with the water levels in the contaminant removal tank 110. This configuration is realized by substantially matching the installation height of the advection opening 114 of the partition wall 113 with the installation height of the upper edge portion 139a of the partition member 139. According to these configurations, the water levels of the contaminant removal tank 110 and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 (the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132) are the inflow amount of raw water from the inflow pipe 104. With the change of, for example, it changes uniformly between the low water level L1 and the high water level L2. Here, the low water level L1 is a lower limit water level during normal use of the water treatment apparatus 100, and the high water level L2 is an upper limit water level during normal use of the water treatment apparatus 100.

  The aerobic treatment tank 150 is configured as a contact aeration tank having a function of aerobically treating (oxidizing) organic pollutants in the water to be treated. The aerobic treatment tank 150 here corresponds to the “aerobic treatment unit” in the present invention. In the aerobic treatment tank 150, an aerobic filter bed 151 filled with a predetermined amount of contact material C2 to which aerobic microorganisms for aerobic treatment of organic pollutants are attached includes a contact material upper region 152 and a contact material lower region 153. Between. The water in the contact material upper region 152 flows downward through the aerobic filter bed 151 to the contact material lower region 153 by a downward flow as indicated by an arrow in FIG. In addition, the aerobic treatment tank 150 has a configuration in which air fed from a blower (blower) 155 is supplied to the contact material C <b> 2 via the air diffuser 154. In this configuration, the aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact material C2 aerobically treat organic pollutants in the water to be treated with the help of oxygen in the air sent from the blower 155. The aerobically treated water flows from the contact material lower region 153 of the aerobic treatment tank 150 to the precipitation tank 170 through the advection opening 157 provided at the bottom of the tank. Note that the blower 155 provided in the aerobic treatment tank 150 may also serve as the blower 203 provided in the aerobic treatment unit 200.

  Although not particularly illustrated, a part of the water treated in the aerobic treatment tank 150 is circulated as circulating water to the contaminant removal tank 110 by a transfer means such as a transfer pump, while the rest is settling tank 170. It is preferable that the structure be advected to the In this case, the circulating water circulated to the contaminant removal tank 110 is typically water containing solids such as sludge. Further, the aerobic treatment tank 150 may be configured as a carrier flow tank in addition to the contact aeration tank as described above. The carrier fluid tank is generally filled with a predetermined amount of particulate carrier to which aerobic microorganisms for aerobic treatment of organic pollutants adhere, and supplies air fed from a blower (blower) or the like to the particulate carrier. Thus, the aerobic process is performed.

  The sedimentation tank 170 is configured as a treatment tank having a function of temporarily retaining water transferred from the aerobic treatment tank 150 and precipitating and removing suspended substances in the water. The water that has been treated in the settling tank 170 is transferred to the disinfection tank 190 disposed downstream through the advection opening 171 disposed in the upper part of the partition wall 192 according to the principle of extrusion flow. Instead of the sedimentation tank 170, a filtration tank filled with a filtration carrier may be used, and the solid-liquid separation process may be performed by this filtration tank.

  The disinfecting tank 190 is a processing tank having a function of disinfecting water flowing from the settling tank 170, and typically includes a medicine cylinder 191 filled with a solid disinfectant for performing disinfecting treatment. The water after the disinfection process is performed by the disinfectant eluted from the medicine cylinder 191 is discharged from the processing tank body 101 to the outside of the tank through the outflow pipe 105. In connection with this configuration, another tank, such as a discharge pump tank in which a discharge pump is installed, may be provided downstream of the disinfection tank 190.

  Here, FIG. 3 is referred to regarding the flow of water formed in the first anaerobic filter bed tank 131 and the second anaerobic filter bed tank 132 of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the above embodiment.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows the flow of water in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment, specifically, the anaerobic filter bed of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 from the upstream contaminant removal tank 110. Q1 is the flow rate of water flowing into the tank first chamber 131, Q2 is the flow rate of water passing through the anaerobic filter bed 133 of the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 by an upward flow, and the anaerobic flow of the second chamber 132 of the anaerobic filter bed A case is shown in which the flow rate of water passing through the filter bed 136 by the downward flow is Q3, and the flow rate of water flowing out from the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 to the downstream aerobic treatment tank 150 is Q4.

  Here, it is assumed that the amount of water flowing into the first anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 is increased in a state where the flow rate Q4 is adjusted, and the flow rate Q1 is larger than the flow rate Q4. In such a case, the water in the lower filter medium region 134 flows through the anaerobic filter bed 133 to the upper filter medium region 135 through the anaerobic filter bed 133 at the same flow rate Q2 as the flow rate Q1. Thereby, the water level of the filter medium upper area | region 135 and the filter medium upper area | region 137 rises, for example from the low water level L1 to the high water level L2. At this time, the region A defined by the low water level L1 and the high water level L2 functions as a region for storing an increase in the amount of inflow of raw water, that is, the effect of the increase in the flow rate Q1, Q2 on the increase in the flow rate Q3. It functions as a buffering action (buffering action) that suppresses the above. On the other hand, water in the filter medium upper region 137 flows through the anaerobic filter bed 136 to the filter medium lower region 138 at a flow rate Q3 that is the same as the flow rate Q4.

  Therefore, according to the configuration of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment, in the state where the flow rate Q4 is adjusted to be substantially constant, even if the flow rate Q1 increases, the increased amount is increased by the filter medium upper region 135 and the filter material upper region 137. Can be absorbed by rising water levels. Thereby, the linear velocity of the water passing through the anaerobic filter bed 136 in the second chamber 132 of the anaerobic filter bed tank can be kept almost constant, and the solid-liquid separation performance and the denitrification performance of the water to be treated in the anaerobic filter bed 136. It is possible to stabilize the function. Such an effect is realized by a structure in which the water flow in the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 is a downward flow.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the water after the solid-liquid separation treatment in the contaminant removal tank 110 is further anaerobically treated by the anaerobic filter bed 133 and subsequently anaerobically treated by the anaerobic filter bed 136. It is composed. In particular, the anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136 are not connected to each other, and a water circulation space (residence) composed of the filter medium upper area 135 and the filter medium upper area 137 between the anaerobic filter bed 133 and the anaerobic filter bed 136. (Region) is provided. According to such a configuration, the anaerobic treatment of the water to be treated is continuously performed twice, and the water to be treated is temporarily retained between the anaerobic treatments, so that the solid-liquid separation performance (SS (suspension) of the water to be treated is retained. It is possible to improve the SS trapping performance of the solid matter) and the denitrification performance.

  For example, the effective capacity for water treatment in the contaminant removal tank 110 and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 is set to be less than (20/24) times the inflow per day treated by the water treatment mechanism 101a, or anaerobic. It is possible to set the effective capacity for water treatment of the filter bed tank 130 to be less than (12/24) times the inflow amount per day treated by the water treatment mechanism 101a. As used herein, the description of “effective capacity for water treatment in the contaminant removal tank and anaerobic filter bed tank (or anaerobic filter bed tank)” refers to the contaminant removal tank 110 and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 (or anaerobic filter bed tank). 130), the volume that is substantially effective for water treatment, that is, the volume in which treated water is actually stored during normal use corresponds to the effective capacity. In the present embodiment, the volume of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 corresponding to the high water level (the upper limit water level during normal use) L2 can be defined as the effective capacity. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain desired solid-liquid separation performance and denitrification performance even when the inflow amount per day is set in this way.

  In the above embodiment, the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 is configured using the two anaerobic filter beds 133 and 136 each filled with the anaerobic filter medium C1 for anaerobic treatment, and the anaerobic treatment of the water to be treated is performed twice. However, the number of anaerobic filter beds can be appropriately selected within a range of 2 or more based on the design specifications of the water treatment apparatus. In order to further improve the solid-liquid separation performance and denitrification performance, it is preferable to increase the number of anaerobic filter beds to increase the number of anaerobic treatments. It is preferable to reduce the number of filter beds.

  Further, as described above, the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment is configured such that the water flowing through the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 forms an upward flow. According to such a configuration, SS contained in the water of the filter medium lower region 134 is likely to settle before passing through the anaerobic filter medium C1 and accumulate on the bottom of the tank. Therefore, the amount of SS that passes through the anaerobic filter medium C1 is reduced as compared with the configuration in which the first chamber 131 passes through the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 in a downward flow, so that the amount of SS captured by the anaerobic filter medium C1 itself is reduced. As a result, the occurrence of partial blockage or short-circuiting of the anaerobic filter bed 133 is suppressed, and a uniform flow can be maintained over a long period of time, so that the solid-liquid separation performance of the water to be treated can be further improved. Figured. By the way, in the processing tank main body 101 made of a pipe member having a circular cross section as in the present embodiment, the tank bottom of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 has a circular arc shape. It is difficult to secure the SS accumulation capacity as compared with the case where a flat portion is formed at the bottom of the tank, such as a capsule-shaped treatment tank body configured by abutting the lower tank and the lower tank, but an anaerobic filter bed tank By using the first chamber 131 as an upward flow, it is possible to ensure the SS deposition performance at the bottom of the tank even when the processing tank main body 101 made of a pipe member having a circular cross section is used. Further, when the capsule-shaped treatment tank main body is used, it is possible to further improve the SS deposition performance at the tank bottom.

  Further, as described above, in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 of the present embodiment, the water that has formed an upward flow in the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 continues to flow downward in the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132. It is configured to form. According to such a configuration, the structure of the flow path of the water flowing from the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 to the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 is simplified, and the number of components of the flow path is suppressed. It becomes effective. Moreover, when the inflow to the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 increases, the filter medium upper area 135 and the filter medium upper area 137 serve as areas for storing the increase in the inflow (area A in FIG. 3). Fulfills the function. Therefore, even if the amount of inflow increases, the increase can be absorbed by the water level rise in the region A. As a result, the linear velocity of the water passing through the anaerobic filter bed 136 of the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 can be kept almost constant, and the solid-liquid separation performance of the water to be treated in the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 is reduced. In addition, the denitrification performance can be stabilized.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, it is preferable that the filter medium filling rate of the anaerobic filter medium C1 which occupies the effective volume (effective capacity) regarding the water treatment of the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 is 20 to 60%. The “filter medium filling rate” here is defined as the ratio of the space actually occupied by the anaerobic filter medium C1 in the volume. This is particularly effective for improving the solid-liquid separation performance of the water to be treated. If necessary, a configuration in which the filter medium filling rate of the anaerobic filter medium C1 is set in a range other than 20 to 60% may be employed.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, it is set as the structure by which flow volume adjustment is made when the wide range water level over the contaminant removal tank 110 and the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 fluctuates between the low water level L1 and the high water level L2. Thereby, even if the water level adjustment allowance is restricted in the radial direction of the pipe member due to the configuration in which the treatment tank main body 101 is composed of a pipe member having a circular cross section, the water level adjustment allowance in the longitudinal direction of the pipe member is limited. Can be secured.

[Other Embodiments]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to said embodiment, A various application and deformation | transformation can be considered. For example, each of the following embodiments to which the above embodiment is applied can be implemented.

  In the above embodiment, water flows through the anaerobic filter bed 133 of the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 by upward flow, and water flows through the anaerobic filter bed 136 of the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 by downward flow. In the present invention, the flow direction of water in the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 is, for example, an upward flow, a downward flow, a horizontal flow, an inclined flow, and a swirling flow. Etc. can be appropriately selected as necessary. In this case, regarding the arrangement of the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132, the anaerobic filter bed first chamber 131 and the anaerobic filter bed second chamber 132 are the same as in the above embodiment. In addition to the front-rear or left-right juxtaposed configuration, a configuration arranged in the up-down direction can also be adopted.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, regarding the advection path | route of the water from the anaerobic filter bed tank 1st chamber 131 to the anaerobic filter bed tank 2nd chamber 132, it is a partition member from the filter material upper area | region 135 of the anaerobic filter bed tank 1st chamber 131. Although the case where it flows over the upper edge part 139a of 139 and is transferred to the filter medium upper region 137 of the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 has been described, in the present invention, the anaerobic filter bed tank 131 from the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 is described. The advection path of the water to the tank 2nd chamber 132 is not limited to this form. For example, the structure in which water flows from the anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 to the anaerobic filter bed tank second chamber 132 through an opening provided at the bottom of the tank, or an anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 131 by means such as a pump. A configuration in which water is transferred to the second chamber 132 from the anaerobic filter bed can also be adopted.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the flow volume adjustment of the water which flows from the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 to the aerobic treatment tank 150 was described by using the air lift pump 163, this flow volume adjustment was abbreviate | omitted in this invention. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the water in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 flows to the aerobic treatment tank 150 by the flow of extrusion or overflow.

  Moreover, in the water treatment apparatus 100 of the said embodiment, the water treatment mechanism 101a has the contaminant removal tank 110, the aerobic treatment part 200, the anaerobic filter bed tank 130, the aerobic treatment tank 150, the sedimentation tank 170, and the disinfection tank 190. However, the number and types of processing elements can be selected as necessary, and the water-treatment mechanism can include a solid-liquid separation processing unit such as the contaminant removal tank 110, anaerobic. The present invention can be applied to a water treatment apparatus including at least an anaerobic treatment unit such as the filter bed tank 130 and an aerobic treatment unit such as the aerobic treatment tank 150.

  Moreover, in the water treatment apparatus 100 of the said embodiment, although the case where the processing tank main body 101 made into a tank shape with the main housing 102 which consists of a long pipe member and the cover parts 103 and 103 was used was described, The size and shape of the main body can be selected as necessary. For example, the present invention is applied to a water treatment apparatus in which a treatment tank body is configured by abutting an upper tank and a lower tank in a half-cracked tank shape. You can also.

It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the water treatment apparatus 100 of one Embodiment concerning the "water treatment apparatus" of this invention. It is a figure which shows the water treatment flow in the water treatment apparatus 100 in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the flow of the water in the anaerobic filter bed tank 130 in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Water treatment apparatus 101 ... Treatment tank main body 101a ... Water treatment mechanism 102 ... Main housing 103 ... Cover part 104 ... Inflow pipe 105 ... Outflow pipe 106 ... Manhole 110 ... Contaminant removal tank 111 ... Solid-liquid separation area 112 ... Partition wall 113 ... partition wall 114 ... advection opening 120 ... inflow baffle 121 ... partition area 122 ... outflow part 123 ... outflow baffle 124 ... inflow part 125 ... partition area 126 ... transfer pump 130 ... anaerobic filter bed tank 131 ... anaerobic filter bed tank first chamber 132 ... anaerobic filter bed second chamber 133, 136 ... anaerobic filter beds 134, 138 ... filter medium lower area 135, 137 ... filter medium upper area 139 ... partition member 139a ... upper edge 140 ... guide member 141 ... partition area 142 ... outflow section 150 ... Aerobic treatment tank 151 ... Aerobic filter bed 152 ... Contact material upper region 153 ... Contact material lower region 154 ... Aeration device 155 ... Bro 156... Partition 157. Transfer opening 160. Introduction member 161. Opening 162. 200 ... Aerobic processing part 201 ... Carrier filling area 202 ... Air diffuser 203 ... Blower

Claims (3)

A water treatment apparatus having a treatment tank body and a water treatment mechanism accommodated in the treatment tank body,
The water treatment mechanism is
A solid-liquid separation processing unit for performing solid-liquid separation processing on the water flowing into the water treatment mechanism;
An anaerobic treatment unit for anaerobically treating the water subjected to the solid-liquid separation treatment in the solid-liquid separation treatment unit;
An aerobic treatment unit that aerobically treats the water anaerobically treated by the anaerobic treatment unit;
In order to partition the anaerobic treatment part and the aerobic treatment part, a barrier extending in a long shape in the tank vertical direction of the treatment tank body,
A second barrier extending in a vertical direction in the tank vertical direction of the processing tank main body in order to partition the solid-liquid separation processing unit and the anaerobic processing unit;
Including
The solid-liquid separation processing unit, the anaerobic processing unit and the aerobic processing unit are arranged in series with respect to the water treatment flow in the water treatment mechanism,
The anaerobic treatment unit is
A first filling region filled with a first anaerobic filter medium for anaerobic treatment;
A second filling region disposed downstream of the first filling region with respect to the water treatment flow in the anaerobic treatment unit and filled with a second anaerobic filter medium for anaerobic treatment;
The first filling region is accommodated , and the filter medium upper region above the first filling region with respect to the tank vertical direction of the processing tank main body, and below the first filling region with respect to the tank vertical direction of the processing tank main body. A first chamber comprising a filter medium lower region ;
The second filling area is accommodated in the tank upper direction of the processing tank main body and the second filter medium upper area above the second filling area with respect to the tank vertical direction of the processing tank main body, and the tank filling direction of the processing tank main body. A second chamber below the second filter medium, and a second chamber juxtaposed to the first chamber;
A partition member extending in a long shape in the vertical direction of the tank of the processing tank to partition the first chamber and the second chamber;
A water introduction path having a second opening formed in an upper part of the second barrier, and introducing water treated by the solid-liquid separation processing unit into the lower region of the filter medium in the first chamber;
The upper filter material region and the second upper filter material region communicate with each other in order to flow water flowing upward from the lower filter material region through the first packed region and flowing into the upper filter material region into the second chamber. In order to do so, a water outlet path having an opening formed in the upper part of the partition member;
A second water outlet path for flowing water downward from the second filter medium upper region to the second filter medium lower region and leading the water flowing to the second filter medium lower region to the aerobic treatment section,
The water that has flowed into the water treatment device flows upward in the first filling area without contacting another anaerobic filter medium before contacting the first anaerobic filter medium in the first filling area. Configured to flow ,
A water treatment apparatus, wherein a lower end of the opening and a lower end of the second opening are provided so as to coincide with each other in the tank vertical direction . The water treatment device according to claim 1 ,
The said anaerobic process part is the structure by which the filter medium filling rate of the said anaerobic filter medium occupied in the effective capacity | capacitance regarding the water treatment of the said anaerobic process part was 20 to 60%, The water treatment apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The water treatment device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Between the anaerobic processing unit and the aerobic processing unit, a configuration is provided with a flow rate adjusting unit capable of adjusting the flow rate of water transferred to the aerobic processing unit after being anaerobically processed by the anaerobic processing unit. Water treatment device characterized by.

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