JP5257369B2 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle including a rotating electrical machine that can receive power supplied from a power supply device and output driving power and generate electric power during regenerative braking of the vehicle.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hybrid vehicle is known in which an engine that is an internal combustion engine that uses gasoline or the like as fuel and a motor that is driven by electric power supplied from a battery or the like are mounted as a driving power source. The motor functions as a generator that generates power by regenerative braking when the vehicle is decelerating or traveling downhill, and the battery is charged with the generated power to improve energy efficiency and fuel efficiency.

  When the motor performs regenerative braking, noise such as “hue” or regenerative sound is generated from the motor. Such regenerative sound is a functional sound that is generated when the kinetic energy input from the wheel to the motor via a drive system such as an axle is converted into electric energy, but is not preferable for some drivers and passengers. It can be felt as noise.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a hybrid vehicle including an EV switch that is operated when a driver selects an electric vehicle mode (hereinafter referred to as an EV mode) in which the engine is stopped and the vehicle is driven only by a driving force of a motor. It is disclosed.

JP 2007-210414 A

  In the hybrid vehicle provided with the EV switch, the EV switch is turned on, so that the EV travel is performed on the condition that the vehicle speed is a predetermined value or less. Since no engine noise is generated during EV traveling, noise generated from the vehicle can be reduced compared to when traveling with engine power.

  However, even in this case, the regenerative sound of the motor at the time of regenerative braking is generated in the same way as when traveling by engine power, and a driver who wants to go home by EV traveling at a quiet residential area at midnight is emitted from the vehicle. I wanted to suppress the regenerative sound as much as possible, but I couldn't control it.

  The objective of this invention is providing the electric vehicle which can control generation | occurrence | production of a regenerative sound according to a user's request.

The electric vehicle according to the present invention is an electric vehicle including a rotating electric machine that can receive power supplied from a power supply device and output driving power and generate electric power during regenerative braking of the vehicle, the regenerative braking by the rotating electric machine. An operation switch for changing the regenerative power generated at times to enable switching of the regenerative sound generation level in a plurality of stages, and a display unit for displaying the setting of the regenerative power by the operation switch together with the regenerative sound generation level And the display unit displays a previous setting state by the operation switch every time the electric vehicle is started.

In the electric vehicle according to the present invention, the change of the regenerative electric power generated at the time of the regenerative braking is selected by the operation switch among a plurality of maps that are preliminarily stored and defined by the relationship between the vehicle speed and the regenerative torque command value. The map is executed by switching the map according to the regenerative power. In the map, the regenerative torque command value increases and gradually decreases as the vehicle speed increases, and increases from zero to a first predetermined speed. The first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed are constant and gradually decrease at the second predetermined speed or higher , and the second predetermined speed is changed from the first predetermined speed in a plurality of maps. The constant value up to is preferably set according to the regenerative power selected by the operation switch .

An electric vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention is an electric vehicle including a rotating electrical machine that can receive power supplied from a power supply device and output driving power and generate electric power during regenerative braking of the vehicle. An operation switch for changing the use ratio of regenerative braking by an electric machine so that the regenerative sound generation level can be switched in a plurality of stages, and a display unit for displaying the setting of the use ratio by the operation switch together with the regenerative sound generation level The display unit displays the previous setting state by the operation switch every time the electric vehicle is started.

In the electrically powered vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention, the change in the regenerative braking use ratio is selected by the operation switch from a plurality of pre-stored maps that are defined by the relationship between the vehicle speed and the regenerative torque command value. The regenerative torque command value increases and gradually decreases as the vehicle speed increases, and the vehicle speed is from zero to a first predetermined speed. It increases, becomes constant from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed , and gradually decreases at the second predetermined speed or higher , and from the first predetermined speed in the plurality of maps to the second predetermined speed. The constant value up to the speed is preferably set according to the regenerative power selected by the operation switch .

According to the electric vehicle of the present invention, by providing an operation switch for changing the regenerative electric power at the time of regenerative braking by the rotating electrical machine, by operating the operating switch according to the request of the driver, etc. Regenerative power can be changed. In addition, since the previous setting state by the operation switch can be confirmed every time the vehicle is started on the display unit, it is possible to prevent the vehicle from running in a setting state in which energy efficiency and fuel consumption deteriorate. Furthermore, the regenerative sound that accompanies regenerative braking can be suppressed according to the user's request, and the user's satisfaction with the vehicle can be improved.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the operation switch displayed on the screen of a navigation apparatus. It is a figure similar to FIG. 2 which shows an example of the operation switch displayed on the screen of a navigation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the map which prescribes | regulates the relationship between a vehicle speed and regenerative torque.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this description, specific shapes, materials, numerical values, directions, and the like are examples for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and can be appropriately changed according to the application, purpose, specification, and the like. In the following, a two-motor parallel / series type hybrid vehicle will be described as an example of an electric vehicle. However, the present invention may be applied to a one-motor parallel type hybrid vehicle, or only a motor. It can also be applied to an electric vehicle mounted as a power source.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hybrid vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the power transmission system is illustrated as a round bar-shaped shaft element, the power system is illustrated by a solid line, and the signal system is illustrated by a broken line.

  The hybrid vehicle 1 includes a power to which an engine 12 as a driving power source, a first motor (indicated as “MG2” in the drawing) 14 as another driving power source, and an output shaft 18 of the engine 12 are coupled. A second motor 24 (shown as “MG1” in the figure) to which the rotary shaft 22 is connected via the distribution mechanism 20, a battery 16 capable of supplying drive power to the first and second motors 14, 24; A control device (indicated as “ECU (Electronic Control Unit)” in FIG. 1) 10 that controls the operation of the engine 12 and the motors 14, 24 in an integrated manner and controls charging / discharging of the battery 16 is provided.

  The engine 12 is an internal combustion engine that uses gasoline or the like as fuel, and based on commands from the control device 10, the cracking, throttle opening, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, and the like are controlled to start, operate, and stop the engine 12. Etc. are controlled.

  An engine speed sensor 28 for detecting the engine speed Ne is provided in the vicinity of the output shaft 18 extending from the engine 12 to the power distribution mechanism 20. Further, the engine 12 is provided with a temperature sensor 13 that detects a temperature Tw of cooling water that is an engine cooling medium. Each detection value by the rotation sensor 28 and the temperature sensor 13 is transmitted to the control device 10. In this embodiment, the temperature of the engine coolant is detected by the temperature sensor 13, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the temperature of the engine 12 itself may be detected directly by the temperature sensor.

  The power distribution mechanism 20 can be suitably configured by, for example, a planetary gear mechanism. The power input from the engine 12 to the power distribution mechanism 20 via the output shaft 18 is transmitted to the drive wheels 34 via the speed reducer 30 and the axle 32 so that the vehicle 1 can travel with the engine power.

Further, the power distribution mechanism 20 can input a part or all of the power of the engine 12 input via the output shaft 18 to the second motor 24 via the rotation shaft 22. At this time, for example, the second motor 24 suitably configured by a three-phase synchronous AC motor functions as a generator, and after the generated three-phase AC voltage is converted into a DC voltage by the inverter 36, a battery (power source) The device 16 is charged or used as a driving voltage for the first motor 14.

  The second motor 24 can also function as an electric motor that is rotationally driven by the electric power supplied from the battery 16 via the inverter, and the second motor 24 is rotationally driven and output to the rotary shaft 22. The motive power is input to the engine 12 through the power distribution mechanism 20 and the output shaft 18, and the engine 12 is cracked when the engine 12 is started.

  The first motor 14 that mainly functions as an electric motor can be suitably configured by, for example, a three-phase synchronous AC motor, and is driven by converting a DC voltage supplied from the battery 16 into a three-phase AC voltage by an inverter 38. It is rotationally driven by being applied as a voltage. The power that is output to the rotary shaft 15 by driving the first motor 14 is transmitted to the drive wheels 34 via the speed reducer 30 and the axle 32, whereby EV traveling is performed. The first motor 14 also has a function of assisting the engine output by outputting the driving power when there is a sudden acceleration request to the vehicle 1 by the user's accelerator operation.

  Further, the first motor 14 can function as a power generator during regenerative braking of the vehicle, and generates AC power by power input from the drive wheels 34 via the speed reducer 30 and the rotating shaft 15. The three-phase AC voltage generated and output by the second motor 24 can be charged to the battery 16 after being converted into a DC voltage by the inverter 38.

  The braking force and the power that can be generated by the first motor 14 during regenerative braking of the vehicle 1 are set based on a regenerative torque command value generated by the control device 10. The vehicle 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the use ratio of the regenerative braking of the first motor 14 can be changed by changing the regenerative torque command value according to the driver's request. Details thereof will be described later.

As the inverters 36 and 38, those having a known configuration having a bidirectional AC / DC conversion function can be used as described above. Further, the electric power generated by the second motor 24 can be directly supplied from the inverter 36 to the inverter 38 and used as the driving electric power for the first motor 14.

  As the battery 16, for example, a rechargeable secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, or a lead battery can be suitably used. The battery 16 is provided with a voltage sensor 40 that detects the battery voltage Vb, a current sensor 42 that detects the battery current Ib that enters and leaves the battery 16, and a temperature sensor 44 that detects the battery temperature Tb. Detection values from the sensors 40, 42, and 44 are input to the control device 10 and used to control the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 16.

  The control device 10 temporarily stores a CPU that executes various control programs, a ROM that stores a control program and a control map in advance, a control program read from the ROM, detection values by the sensors 40, 42, and 44, and the like. It can be suitably configured as a microcomputer including a RAM or the like stored in the memory. The control device 10 includes an input port to which an engine speed Ne, a battery current Ib, a battery voltage Vb, a battery temperature Tb, an accelerator opening signal Acc, a vehicle speed Sv, an engine coolant temperature Tw, and the like, It has an input / output interface including an output port for outputting a control signal for controlling operation or operation of the inverters 36, 38 and the like.

  The hybrid vehicle 1 further includes an EV switch 50 and a navigation device 52. The EV switch 50 is disposed near the driver's seat and at a position that is easy for the driver to operate. When the EV switch 50 is turned on by the driver, the engine 12 is stopped on the condition that the vehicle speed Sv is equal to or lower than the predetermined speed and the SOC of the battery 16 is within a predetermined amount of charge. The mode is shifted to the EV mode in which the vehicle travels only with the driving force of the motor 14. Further, the navigation device 52 has a touch panel display screen 54 (see FIG. 2A), and the route to the destination is indicated to the driver according to the destination setting on the display screen 54 by the driver. It has a well-known function such as providing a map display or voice.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3, the configuration and control for changing the use ratio of the regenerative braking of the first motor 14 will be described. 2A and 2B show the display screen 54 of the navigation device 52 on which the operation switch 56 is displayed, and FIG. 3 shows a plurality (in this embodiment, five) that define the regenerative torque command value GT * in relation to the vehicle speed Sv. It is a figure which shows these maps.

  Referring to FIG. 2A, on the touch panel display screen 54 of the navigation device 52, operation buttons 56 composed of five rectangular marks numbered “1” to “5” are displayed. This display screen is displayed by going down one level from a menu screen (not shown). FIG. 2A shows a state in which the first button of the operation buttons 56 is selected and lit up, and FIG. 2B shows a state in which the button 5 of the operation buttons 56 is selected and lit up.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, when the fifth button located on the rightmost side among the operation buttons 56 is selected by the touch operation of the driver or the like, the regenerative braking usage ratio of the first motor 14 is in the normal state. Is set. In this case, the control device 10 sets the regenerative torque command value GT * corresponding to the vehicle speed with reference to the uppermost map 58. In this map 58, the regenerative torque command value GT * increases linearly up to the maximum regenerative torque GTmax from the vehicle speed to zero and the first predetermined speed, and becomes constant at the maximum regenerative torque GTmax above the first predetermined speed. When the speed exceeds the second predetermined speed in the high speed range, the speed gradually decreases. When the regenerative torque command value GT * is set with reference to this map 58, the use ratio of the regenerative braking is 100%.

  When the No. 5 operation button is selected, energy efficiency and fuel efficiency can be improved by collecting electric power by utilizing regenerative braking to the maximum extent. Therefore, it is convenient for a user such as a driver who does not care about the regenerative sound of “hue” generated from the first motor 14 or who wants to give priority to improving fuel efficiency even if he / she cares a little. is there.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, below the map 58, four maps 60, 62, 64, 66 are shown. In these maps 60-66, the vehicle speed increases linearly up to the first predetermined speed, becomes constant at the first to second predetermined vehicle speeds, and gradually decreases above the second predetermined speed. 58, but the maximum regenerative torque value of each map 60-66 is 4/5, 3/5, 2/5, and 1/5 with respect to the maximum regenerative torque value GTmax of the map 58. ing. In other words, the use ratio of the regenerative braking by the first motor 14 corresponds to 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% with respect to 100% of the map 58, respectively. The 4th to 1st buttons among the operation buttons 56 correspond to the maps 60, 62, 64 and 66, respectively, and the map to be referred to is switched according to the selected operation button. In other words, the smaller the number, the lower the regenerative sound, but the lower the regenerative power, the lower the energy efficiency and fuel efficiency. Become.

  In the present embodiment, description will be made assuming that five maps 58 to 66 are used, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, two or three maps may be used, and six or more maps may be used. In the above description, the use ratio of the lowermost map 66 is 20%, but it may be set to a lower value, for example, 0 to 10%.

  FIG. 2A shows a state in which the first button among the operation buttons 56 is selected and lit. When the first button is selected by a driver or the like by a touch operation, the regenerative torque command value GT * is set by referring to the map 66 as described above. As a result, the regenerative torque command value GT * is suppressed to the minimum, and the regenerative electric power is also reduced, which is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of energy efficiency and fuel consumption.

  However, the regenerative sound of “hue” generated from the first motor 14 during regenerative braking can be set to a level that is hardly audible both inside and outside the vehicle. For example, when you do not want to disturb your sleep by providing a quiet environment for passengers sleeping in the passenger seat or the rear seat, or when returning to your home in a quiet residential area at midnight This is convenient for a user who is a driver when it is not desired to generate regenerative sound outside the vehicle.

  As described above, according to the hybrid vehicle 1 of the present embodiment, the regenerative braking usage ratio of the first motor 14 can be reduced by operating the operation switch 56 in response to a request from the driver or the like. Regenerative sound that occurs with regenerative braking can be suppressed. Thereby, a user's satisfaction with respect to a vehicle can be improved.

  Further, since the operation switch 56 is composed of marks displayed on the touch-panel display screen 54 of the navigation device 52, the operation switch 56 is used for changing the regenerative braking usage ratio without adding a special hardware element. The operation switch 56 can be mounted on the vehicle, and an increase in cost can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, since the regenerative braking usage ratio by the first motor 14, that is, the regenerative sound generation level can be switched in a plurality of stages by the operation switch 56, it can be changed according to the degree to which the user is concerned about the regenerative sound. It is possible to deal with a wide range of users who have different ways of feeling the regenerative sound.

  Although the hybrid vehicle 1 which is one embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the electric vehicle according to the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and various modifications and improvements can be made.

  For example, in the above description, the operation button 56 is described as being displayed on the display screen 54 by descending one level from the menu screen. However, every time the hybrid vehicle 1 with the power switch turned on is activated, the operation switch 56 is displayed on the display screen 54. 56 may be displayed first. In this way, the driver can always confirm the previous setting state of the operation button 56 every time the vehicle 1 is started. Thereby, for example, when the setting at the time of returning home last night is set to the first button, it is possible to prevent the vehicle from traveling in a setting state in which energy efficiency and fuel consumption deteriorate the next day.

  Further, the operation switch for changing the use state of the regenerative braking of the first motor 14 may be configured by hardware parts such as a button type and a dial type, and may be provided at a position where the driver can easily operate.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hybrid vehicle, 10 Control apparatus, 12 Engine, 13 Temperature sensor, 14 1st motor, 15 Rotating shaft, 16 Battery, 18 Output shaft, 20 Power distribution mechanism, 22 Rotating shaft, 24 2nd motor, 28 Engine rotation Number sensor, 30 reducer, 32 axle, 34 drive wheel, 36, 38 inverter, 40 voltage sensor, 42 current sensor, 44 temperature sensor, 50 EV switch, 52 navigation device, 54 display screen, 56 operation switch, 58-66 map.

Claims (4)

An electric vehicle including a rotating electrical machine that can receive power supply from a power supply device and output driving power and generate electric power during regenerative braking of the vehicle,
Wherein the rotation electric machine to change the regenerative electric power generated during regenerative braking by providing an operation switch for enabling switching the regenerative sound generation level in a plurality of stages, the operation switch by the regenerative electric power regeneration sound generation level settings The electric vehicle is characterized in that the previous setting state by the operation switch is displayed every time the electric vehicle is started up. The electric vehicle according to claim 1,
The change of the regenerative power generated during the regenerative braking is performed by switching the map according to the regenerative power selected by the operation switch among a plurality of maps preliminarily stored defined by the relationship between the vehicle speed and the regenerative torque command value. In the map, the regenerative torque command value increases and gradually decreases as the vehicle speed increases, and the vehicle speed increases from zero to a first predetermined speed, and the first predetermined speed From the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed in a plurality of maps, the constant value from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed is a constant value from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed. The electric vehicle is set according to the regenerative power selected by the electric vehicle. An electric vehicle including a rotating electrical machine that can receive power supply from a power supply device and output driving power and generate electric power during regenerative braking of the vehicle,
An operation switch is provided for changing the use ratio of the regenerative braking by the rotating electric machine so that the regenerative sound generation level can be switched in a plurality of stages, and the setting of the use ratio by the operation switch is displayed together with the regenerative sound generation level . It has a display unit, and the display unit displays a previous setting state by the operation switch every time the electric vehicle is started.
Electric vehicle. In the electric vehicle according to claim 3,
The regenerative braking usage ratio is changed by switching the map in accordance with the regenerative power selected by the operation switch among a plurality of pre-stored maps defined by the relationship between the vehicle speed and the regenerative torque command value. In the map, the regenerative torque command value increases and gradually decreases as the vehicle speed increases. The vehicle speed increases from zero to a first predetermined speed, and the second predetermined torque is increased from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed. The predetermined speed is constant up to a predetermined speed , and gradually decreases above the second predetermined speed. A constant value from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed in a plurality of maps is selected by the operation switch. The electric vehicle is set according to the regenerative power .

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