JP5239464B2 - vending machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vending machine having a cooling and heating system that simultaneously heats waste water generated by cooling in a vending machine that heats or cools and sells products such as canned beverages. is there.

  In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for power consumption reduction for vending machines, and as a means for reducing power consumption, one that heats a storage room where products are stored using waste heat generated by cooling has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, a conventional vending machine will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional vending machine, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hot / cold switching chamber of the conventional vending machine, and FIG. 7 shows operations of a compressor and a heating heater of the conventional vending machine. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the operation of the compressor and the on-off valve in the conventional vending machine.

  In FIG. 5, 1 and 2 are hot / cold switching chambers, 3 is a cold exclusive chamber, 4 is an evaporator installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, and 5 is an evaporation installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 2. , 6 is an evaporator installed in a cold room, 7 is an outdoor condenser installed in a machine room (not shown) below the vending machine, and 8 is a compressor. Reference numerals 9, 10, and 11 denote expansion valves that reduce the pressure of refrigerant passing therethrough and have a blocking function. Further, 20 is a condenser installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, 21 and 22 are on-off valves for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8, and 23 and 24 are the condenser 20 and the outdoor condenser 7 respectively. And an on-off valve installed in the pipe connecting the two, a resistor for lowering the pressure of the refrigerant passing therethrough, 25 an on-off valve provided at the outlet of the condenser 20 and communicating with the suction side of the compressor 8, and 26 a hot / It is a heating heater composed of a heating wire installed in the cold switching chamber 2.

  In FIG. 6, reference numeral 27 denotes an indoor fan that is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and circulates indoor air to exchange heat with the condenser 20 and the evaporator 4.

  The operation of the conventional vending machine configured as described above will be described below.

  When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 are cooled, the on-off valve 21 is opened, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are closed, the on-off valve 25 is opened, and the condenser 20 is sucked into the compressor 8. The compressor 8 is driven by connecting to the side pipe. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the outdoor condenser 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve 9, the expansion valve 10, and the expansion valve 11, and supplied to the evaporator 4, the evaporator 5, and the evaporator 6. Is done. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 4, the evaporator 5, and the evaporator 6 is refluxed to the compressor 8.

  At this time, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature among the hot / cold switching chamber 1, hot / cold switching chamber 2, and cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the corresponding expansion valve 9, expansion valve 10, and expansion valve 11. Stop supplying refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.

  Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 is cooled, the on-off valve 21 is closed, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are opened, and the on-off valve 25 is closed to close the compressor. 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the condenser 20, then decompressed by the expansion valve 10 and the expansion valve 11, and supplied to the evaporator 5 and the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 and the evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8. Further, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature in the hot / cold switching chamber 2 and the cold exclusive chamber 3 closes the expansion valve 10 and the expansion valve 11 to stop the supply of the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.

  Next, when heating the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2, the on-off valve 21 is closed, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are opened, the on-off valve 25 is closed, and the compressor 8 is driven. To do. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the condenser 20, depressurized by the expansion valve 11, and supplied to the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 6 returns to the compressor 8. Here, when the cold exclusive chamber 3 reaches a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped. The temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 2 is adjusted by a heating heater 26. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the compressor 8 and the heating heater 26 operate independently.

  As described above, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated using the condenser 20, waste heat generated when cooling the other storage chambers is used, so that a heating heater is not required and the efficiency is improved. High driving can be realized.

In the conventional example shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the condenser 20 is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 independently of the evaporator 4, and therefore a heat exchanger configuration suitable for cooling and heating, respectively. However, the evaporator 4 may be used as the condenser 20 by switching the refrigerant flow path.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-118698

  However, in the conventional configuration, when the volume of the hot / cold switching chamber is small with respect to the entire storage chamber, when the other hot / cold switching chamber is cooled while heating the one hot / cold switching chamber. In order to secure a heat exchange amount necessary for heating with an evaporator having a small capacity installed in the hot / cold switching chamber, it is necessary to significantly reduce the evaporation temperature. As a result, an abnormal increase in the discharge gas temperature occurs with an increase in the compression ratio, and the durability of the compressor decreases. Therefore, a mechanism and a control method for stably operating the compressor while ensuring the heating capability are desired.

  The present invention solves the conventional problems, and provides a vending machine that suppresses a decrease in evaporation temperature when a hot / cold switching chamber is heated and prevents a decrease in the durability of the compressor. Objective.

In order to solve the above conventional problems, the vending machine of the present invention has at least one chamber as a hot / cold switching chamber in which an evaporator and a condenser are installed, and a plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber. In a vending machine in which at least one of the chambers is a cold dedicated chamber in which a second evaporator is installed and a compressor and an outdoor condenser are installed outside the storage chamber, the hot / cold switching chamber is added. A warm heater is installed on the downstream side of the circulating air in the hot / cold switching chamber with respect to the condenser and the evaporator, and the condenser is located on the upstream side of the circulating air in the hot / cold switching chamber with respect to the evaporator. arranged to, in case of cooling the hot / cold switching chamber, after the refrigerant discharged from the compressor was condensed in the outdoor condenser is supplied to the evaporator and the second evaporator, said Evaporator and front When the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator is returned to the compressor and the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is partially condensed by the condenser. After the pressure is reduced, the refrigerant is further condensed in the outdoor condenser, the refrigerant is supplied to the second evaporator, and the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator is returned to the compressor. When the / cold switching chamber is heated, at least two of the plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber are simultaneously set as a cooling setting to perform a cooling operation.

  As a result, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, while ensuring the heating capability, the decrease in the evaporation temperature is suppressed and the decrease in the durability of the compressor is prevented.

In the vending machine according to the present invention, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated by the condenser, at least two of the plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber are set to be cooled, and the compressor The refrigerant discharged from is partially condensed with the condenser and then depressurized, further condensed with an outdoor condenser, and evaporated with a plurality of evaporators in two or more storage chambers in a cooling setting, The heat exchange amount necessary for heating can be secured while maintaining a high evaporation temperature, and the increase in the compression ratio can be suppressed to prevent the compressor from deteriorating in durability. However, the reliability of the compressor can be improved by suppressing the decrease in the evaporation temperature. Further, it is possible to avoid that the condenser is warmed when the heating heater is operated and the condensation temperature rises abnormally, or that the amount of liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser decreases and the evaporation temperature falls abnormally.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one chamber is a hot / cold switching chamber in which an evaporator and a condenser are installed, and at least one of the plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber is a second chamber. In a vending machine in which a compressor and an outdoor condenser are installed outside the storage room, a heating heater is provided in the hot / cold switching room, the condenser, and the evaporator. The hot / cold switching chamber is disposed downstream of the circulating air in the hot / cold switching chamber, and the condenser is disposed upstream of the circulating air in the hot / cold switching chamber from the evaporator. When the refrigerant is cooled, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is condensed by the outdoor condenser, and then supplied to the evaporator and the second evaporator, and the evaporator and the second evaporator The refrigerant evaporated in When recirculating to the compressor and heating the hot / cold switching chamber, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is partially condensed by the condenser and then decompressed, and then the outdoor condensation is performed. When the refrigerant is condensed in a container and supplied to the second evaporator, and the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator is returned to the compressor, and the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. Cooling operation is performed simultaneously with at least two of the plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber as a cooling setting, and a heat exchange amount necessary for heating is ensured while maintaining a high evaporation temperature. It is possible to suppress the increase in the compression ratio and prevent the compressor from lowering its durability, so that the reliability of the compressor is improved by suppressing the decrease in the evaporation temperature while ensuring the heating capability. Can do. Further, it is possible to avoid that the condenser is warmed when the heating heater is operated and the condensation temperature rises abnormally, or that the amount of liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser decreases and the evaporation temperature falls abnormally.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the evaporation of a plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber is performed simultaneously as a cooling setting. The heat exchangers are connected in series, and the heat exchange amount necessary for heating can be secured while maintaining a high evaporation temperature, and the rise in the compression ratio is suppressed to prevent the compressor from being lowered in durability. In addition, even when the load ratio of the evaporators connected in series changes and the specific evaporator becomes insufficient in capacity, the other evaporators automatically compensate for it, so that a stable heating capability is always obtained.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of evaporators are connected in series so that the evaporator installed in the storage room near the hot / cold switching room to be heated is upstream. The waste heat is efficiently recovered by preferentially cooling the storage room that generates a load due to heat transfer from the hot / cold switching room, which is always heated regardless of changes in the outside air temperature. Can always obtain a stable heating ability.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 3, wherein the cooling is performed preferentially from the storage room near the hot / cold switching room to be heated, and an evaporator on the downstream side is installed. The storage room is not overcooled.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the piping before and after the condenser is closed while the compressor is stopped. By holding the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the condenser, an increase in heating load due to the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out from the condenser and an increase in cooling load due to the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the evaporator are achieved. Can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of the conventional example, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a vending machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hot / cold switching chamber of the vending machine according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operation of the compressor and the on-off valve of the vending machine according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, 1 and 2 are hot / cold switching chambers, 3 is a cold dedicated chamber, 4 is an evaporator installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, and 5 is an evaporation installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 2. , 6 is a second evaporator installed in the cold room, 7 is an outdoor condenser installed in a machine room (not shown) below the vending machine, and 8 is a compressor. Reference numerals 9, 10, and 11 denote expansion valves that reduce the pressure of refrigerant passing therethrough and have a blocking function. Further, 20 is a condenser installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, 21 and 22 are on-off valves for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8, and 23 and 24 are the condenser 20 and the outdoor condenser 7 respectively. An on-off valve installed in a pipe connecting the two, a resistor for reducing the pressure of refrigerant passing through, 25 an on-off valve communicating with the suction side of the compressor 8 provided on the outlet side of the condenser 20, and 26 It is a heating heater comprising a heating wire installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 2.

  1 and 2, 27 is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, an indoor fan that circulates indoor air to exchange heat with the condenser 20 and the evaporator 4, and 31 is an evaporator 5 to an evaporator 6. A series pipe 32 connected in series to the heating heater 32 is a heating heater comprising a heating wire installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the heating heater 32 is installed on the downstream side of the condenser 20, the evaporator 4, and the indoor fan 27.

  Here, since the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 are narrower than the cold dedicated chamber 3, the evaporator 4 and the evaporator 5 are half of the evaporator 6 installed in the relatively large cold dedicated chamber 3. The outer dimensions and the inner volume of the degree. For this reason, the heat exchange capacity of the evaporator 4 and the evaporator 5 is about half that of the evaporator 6. Similarly, since the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is narrow, the condenser 20 has a smaller external dimension and inner volume of about 1/4 than the outdoor condenser 7, and the heat exchange capacity is also reduced to about 1/4.

  The operation of the vending machine according to Embodiment 1 configured as described above will be described below.

  When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 are cooled, the on-off valve 21 is opened, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are closed, the on-off valve 25 is opened, and the condenser 20 is connected to the compressor 8. The compressor 8 is driven by connecting to the suction side pipe. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the outdoor condenser 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve 9, the expansion valve 10, and the expansion valve 11, and supplied to the evaporator 4, the evaporator 5, and the evaporator 6. Is done. Here, the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 5 is supplied to the evaporator 6 through the serial pipe 31. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 4, the evaporator 5, and the evaporator 6 is refluxed to the compressor 8.

  At this time, one of the expansion valve 10 and the expansion valve 11 is always closed. Then, the expansion valve 10 is opened with priority over the expansion valve 11 so that the hot / cold switching chamber 2 is cooled with priority over the cold dedicated chamber 3. By controlling in this way, after the expansion valve 10 is opened and the refrigerant flows through the evaporator 5, excess liquid refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 6, and the cold dedicated chamber 3 is cooled simultaneously with the hot / cold switching chamber 2. Then, the expansion valve 11 is opened and the refrigerant is allowed to flow through the evaporator 6 to cool the cold exclusive chamber 3 repeatedly. As a result, when the evaporator 5 and the evaporator 6 are used in series as compared with the case where the evaporator 5 having a small heat exchange capacity is used alone, a high evaporation capacity can be ensured, so that the evaporation temperature is increased. Efficient operation is possible by setting.

  Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 is cooled, the on-off valve 21 is closed, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are opened, and the on-off valve 25 is closed to compress. The machine 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the condenser 20, depressurized by the resistor 24, further condensed by the outdoor condenser 7, and then depressurized by the expansion valve 10. To the vessel 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 and the evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.

  At this time, the hot / cold switching chamber 2 and the cold exclusive chamber 3 are cooled in the same manner as when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2 are cooled. As a result, a high evaporation capability can be secured, so that an efficient operation can be performed by setting the evaporation temperature high, and a high heating capability for the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be secured. It is desirable that the evaporator 5 installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 2 adjacent to the hot / cold switching chamber 1 where the heating setting is large and connected to the evaporator 6 is connected in series with the upstream side. Since the temperature is likely to rise due to heat transfer from the adjacent hot / cold switching chamber 1, the ratio of operation in series connection increases, and the evaporation temperature is set high to enable efficient operation.

  Further, by providing a resistor 24 between the condenser 20 and the outdoor condenser 7 to depressurize the refrigerant passing therethrough, it is possible to make a difference in the condensation temperature between the condenser 20 and the outdoor condenser 7, and at low outdoor air Even in the case where the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the outdoor condenser 7 decreases, the condenser 20 can maintain a high condensation temperature, and the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be efficiently heated. Highly efficient heating operation can be carried out even in areas where the outside air temperature is low.

  Further, when the outside air temperature is lowered and the load on both the hot / cold switching chamber 2 and the cold exclusive chamber 3 is reduced, and sufficient heating capability for the hot / cold switching chamber 1 cannot be obtained, the downstream of the condenser 20. The heating heater 32 installed on the side is operated to adjust the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1. At this time, the compressor 8 is operated independently of the operation of the heating heater 32, but since the heating heater 32 is installed on the downstream side of the condenser 20, the condenser 20 is operated when the heating heater 32 is operated. It is possible to avoid that the condensation temperature rises abnormally due to warming, or that the amount of liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 20 decreases and the evaporation temperature falls abnormally.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are closed while the compressor is stopped, and the on-off valve 22 and the on-off valve 23 are opened before the compressor is started. In particular, the high-temperature refrigerant in the condenser 20 having a high condensation temperature can be retained, and an increase in the cooling load due to the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the evaporator and an increase in the heating load due to the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out. Can be prevented.

  Next, when heating the hot / cold switching chamber 1 and the hot / cold switching chamber 2, the on-off valve 21 is closed, the on-off valve 22 and the expansion valve 23 are opened, the on-off valve 25 is closed, and the compressor 8 is driven. To do. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the condenser 20, decompressed by the resistor 24, condensed again by the outdoor condenser 7, decompressed by the expansion valve 11, and supplied to the evaporator 6. . Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 6 returns to the compressor 8.

  At this time, when the outside air temperature is lowered and the load of the cold exclusive chamber 3 is reduced, and sufficient heating capability for the hot / cold switching chamber 1 cannot be obtained, the heating heater 32 installed on the downstream side of the condenser 20. To adjust the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1. At this time, the compressor 8 is operated independently of the operation of the heating heater 32, but since the heating heater 32 is installed on the downstream side of the condenser 20, the condenser 20 is operated when the heating heater 32 is operated. It is possible to avoid that the condensation temperature rises abnormally due to warming, or that the amount of liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 20 decreases and the evaporation temperature falls abnormally.

  The temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 2 is adjusted by a heating heater 26. At this time, if the heating heater 26, the heating heater 32, and the compressor 8 are driven at the same time, a current exceeding the power supply capacity may flow and break down. Therefore, as shown in FIG. In each section, one of the heating heater 26, the heating heater 32, and the compressor 8 is stopped. In FIG. 3, the compressor 8 is stopped in the section A, the heating heater 32 is stopped in the section B, and the heating heater 26 is stopped in the section C.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the condenser 20 is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 independently of the evaporator 4, so that a heat exchanger configuration suitable for cooling and heating can be obtained. The evaporator 4 may be used as the condenser 20 by switching the refrigerant flow path.

  As described above, in the vending machine of the present invention, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, a plurality of storage chambers are cooled at the same time, thereby suppressing a decrease in evaporation temperature while ensuring a heating capability. As a result, the durability of the compressor can be prevented from being lowered.

  As described above, the vending machine according to the present invention suppresses the lowering of the evaporation temperature while ensuring the heating capability by simultaneously cooling the plurality of storage chambers when heating the hot / cold switching chamber. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the durability of the compressor, so that it can be applied to a system in which a heating operation is performed simultaneously with cooling in a showcase that switches between a hot beverage and a cold beverage for storage.

Refrigerant circuit diagram of vending machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Schematic diagram of hot / cold switching chamber of vending machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention The figure which shows the operation | movement of the compressor and heating heater of the vending machine in Embodiment 1 of this invention. The figure which shows operation | movement of the compressor and on-off valve in Embodiment 1 of this invention. Refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional vending machine Schematic diagram of hot / cold switching room of conventional vending machine The figure which shows the operation of the compressor and the heating heater of the conventional vending machine The figure which shows the operation of the compressor and on-off valve in the conventional vending machine

Explanation of symbols

1, 2 Hot / cold switching room 3 Cold dedicated room 4, 5 Evaporator 6 Second evaporator 7 Outdoor condenser 8 Compressor 20 Condenser 31 Series piping

Claims (5)

At least one chamber is a hot / cold switching chamber in which an evaporator and a condenser are installed, and at least one of the plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber is dedicated to cold in which a second evaporator is installed A vending machine having a compressor and an outdoor condenser installed outside the storage room, wherein the hot / cold switching chamber has a heating heater in the hot / cold switching chamber rather than the condenser and the evaporator. If the condenser is disposed on the upstream side of the circulating air in the hot / cold switching chamber with respect to the evaporator, and the hot / cold switching chamber is cooled, the compression is performed. After the refrigerant discharged from the machine is condensed by the outdoor condenser, the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator and the second evaporator, and the refrigerant evaporated by the evaporator and the second evaporator is supplied to the compressor. Reflux In addition, when heating the hot / cold switching chamber, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is partially condensed by the condenser and then decompressed, and further condensed by the outdoor condenser, When the refrigerant is supplied to the second evaporator and the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator is returned to the compressor, the hot / cold switching chamber is heated when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. A vending machine characterized in that at least two or more of the plurality of storage chambers other than the above are simultaneously set as a cooling setting and are operated for cooling at the same time.   2. The automatic system according to claim 1, wherein when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the evaporators of a plurality of storage chambers other than the hot / cold switching chamber that are simultaneously operated for cooling as cooling settings are connected in series. Vending machine.   The vending machine according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of evaporators are connected in series so that an evaporator installed in a storage room close to a hot / cold switching room to be heated is located upstream.   4. The vending machine according to claim 3, wherein the vending machine cools preferentially from a storage room close to a hot / cold switching room to be heated.   5. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the condenser is held by closing piping before and after the condenser when the compressor is stopped when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. The vending machine according to any one of the above.

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