JP4155334B2 - vending machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling and heating system that uses a latent heat generated when a refrigerant compressed by a compressor condenses in a vending machine that sells products such as can beverages by heating or cooling. The present invention relates to a system and a vending machine using the system.

  In recent years, demands for reducing power consumption for vending machines have increased, and as a means for reducing power consumption, one utilizing waste heat generated by cooling has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional vending machine.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the conventional vending machine includes a storage room including a hot / cold switching room 1, a cold dedicated room 2, and a second cold dedicated room 3, and is installed in the hot / cold switching room 1. Indoor heat exchanger 4, evaporator 5 installed in the cold-dedicated room 2, second evaporator 6 installed in the second cold-dedicated room 2, outdoor heat exchange installed outside the storage room And a cooling and heating system including a compressor 7 and a compressor 8.

  The expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11 reduce the pressure of the refrigerant passing therethrough and have a blocking function. The on-off valve A12, the on-off valve B13, the on-off valve C14, and the on-off valve D15 are respectively It controls the presence or absence of refrigerant flow.

  The comp fan 16 is driven in conjunction with the cooling and heating system to cool the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the compressor 8.

  The operation of the conventional vending machine configured as described above will be described below.

  When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is cooled, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve D15 are opened, the on-off valve B13 and the on-off valve C14 are closed, and the compressor 8 and the cooling fan 15 are driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11, respectively, and the indoor heat exchanger 4, the evaporator 5, and the second To the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 4, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.

  At this time, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature among the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the cold dedicated chamber 2, and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11. Stop supplying the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.

  Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the on-off valve A12, the on-off valve D15, and the expansion valve A9 are closed, the on-off valve B13 and the on-off valve C14 are opened, and the compressor 8 and the cooling fan 15 are driven. To do. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is partially condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 and again condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and then decompressed by the expansion valve B 10 and the expansion valve C 11, respectively. , And supplied to the second evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.

  Further, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature in the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11 to stop the supply of the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.

As described above, the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be efficiently heated using the condensed waste heat of the refrigerant generated when the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 are cooled. Compared with the case where the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated using another heating means such as the above, the power consumption can be reduced.
JP 2002-174478 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, and at the same time, the cold dedicated chamber and the second cold dedicated chamber are cooled. In general, the product set temperature of the vending machine is 5 ° C. for cold beverages and 55 ° C. for hot beverages. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously achieve a condensation temperature of 60 ° C. or higher and an evaporation temperature of −10 ° C. or lower. There was a problem that the efficiency of the compressor was poor under high compression ratio conditions.

  In addition, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the compressor stops when both the cold dedicated chamber and the second cold dedicated chamber reach a predetermined temperature. Even if the temperature has not been reached, the heating function is stopped.

  The present invention solves the conventional problems, proposes a cooling and heating system that can be easily realized with high efficiency, a cooling and heating system that can reduce power consumption during heating, and a vending machine using the cooling and heating system The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a vending machine according to the present invention includes a cold dedicated room for storing products and a plurality of hot / cold switching rooms, the cooling system for cooling the cold dedicated room, and the hot / A vending machine having a cooling and heating system capable of switching between cooling and heating by switching the refrigerant flow path in the cold switching chamber, wherein the cooling system includes an evaporator in the cold dedicated chamber and an outside of the storage compartment An outdoor heat exchanger installed in the room is connected to a cooling compressor, and the cooling and heating system includes a plurality of indoor heat exchangers in a plurality of hot / cold switching rooms and an outdoor heat exchanger installed outside a storage compartment. And a plurality of indoor heat exchangers arranged in the plurality of hot / cold switching chambers are connected in series with a series pipe and connected in series when heating. The plurality of chambers Always configured to flow a cooling medium to the heat exchanger, to cool the plurality of hot / cold switching compartment is obtained by enabling constructed switching whether the refrigerant flows in either of the indoor heat exchanger by switching valves.

As a result, when the hot / cold switching room is heated, the cooling and heating system can be operated independently from the cooling of the cold room, and the plurality of indoor heat exchangers are connected in series by serial piping. During cooling, the evaporating temperature of the indoor heat exchanger connected to the downstream side is prevented from drastically decreasing, and during warming, the fluctuation of the optimum refrigerant amount is suppressed to maintain stable operation, and the required amount of refrigerant is reduced. It can be determined appropriately, and high efficiency of the compressor can be easily realized , and a plurality of indoor temperature accuracy during cooling can be improved.

The vending machine of the present invention has a dedicated cooling and heating system for cooling and heating the hot / cold switching chamber, and by connecting a plurality of indoor heat exchangers of the cooling and heating system in series with a series pipe, During cooling, the evaporating temperature of the indoor heat exchanger connected to the downstream side is prevented from drastically decreasing, and during heating, fluctuations in the optimum refrigerant amount can be suppressed to determine the required refrigerant amount appropriately. In addition, the cooling and heating system can be stably operated and the efficiency of the compressor can be easily increased. Furthermore, the accuracy of a plurality of room temperatures during cooling can be increased.

  In addition, by reducing the capacity of the cooling system for the cold room and other cold rooms, the power consumption required for cooling can be reduced.

The invention according to claim 1 has a cold dedicated chamber for storing products and a plurality of hot / cold switching chambers, a cooling system for cooling the cold dedicated chamber, and a refrigerant flow path through the hot / cold switching chamber. A vending machine having a cooling and heating system that can be switched between cooling and heating, wherein the cooling system includes an evaporator in the cold-dedicated room and an outdoor heat exchanger installed outside the storage compartment. A cooling compressor is connected, and the cooling and heating system includes a plurality of indoor heat exchangers in a plurality of hot / cold switching rooms, an outdoor heat exchanger installed outside the storage compartment, and a cooling and heating compressor. formed by connecting the indoor heat exchanger of the double disposed in the number plurality of hot / cold switching compartment are connected in series with series piping, if heated, said plurality of indoor heat exchangers connected in series Configuration in which a coolant is always passed through And, wherein the plurality of case of cooling the hot / cold switching chamber that has been configured to be able to switch whether the refrigerant flows in either of the indoor heat exchanger by the switching valve, when cooling the hot / cold switching compartment, extreme In order to prevent a significant decrease in the evaporation temperature and to heat the refrigerant, the refrigerant always flows to all the indoor heat exchangers. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the fluctuation of the optimum refrigerant amount and maintain a stable operation state, thereby achieving high efficiency. At the same time, the accuracy of a plurality of indoor temperatures during cooling can be improved .

  The invention according to claim 2 is a cascade heat exchange in which the condenser of the cooling system and the outdoor heat exchanger of the cooling and heating system, which are installed outside the product storage room, are integrated with the invention of claim 1. Since the cascade heat exchanger exchanges heat with the outdoor air, it is not necessary to set the evaporation temperature to −10 ° C. or lower as in the conventional example. Furthermore, when operating simultaneously with the cooling system, the waste heat of the cooling system can be used, so the compression ratio can be reduced while maintaining the high temperature conditions of the evaporation temperature of 0 to 10 ° C. The efficiency of the machine can be improved and a heating efficiency of about twice that of a heating means such as an electric heater with a heating efficiency of about 1 can be easily realized.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the air flow rate of the indoor fan depends on the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber. Since the temperature of the product stored in the hot / cold switching chamber is adjusted, it is possible to prevent heating only the storage chamber side of the indoor heat exchanger located upstream of the refrigerant flow path. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the amount of necessary refrigerant from increasing due to overcondensation.

Invention of claim 4, the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further, when the hot / cold switching compartment is heating chamber, the refrigerant circuit includes a first connected downstream The indoor heat exchanger is characterized in that its internal volume is smaller than that of the second indoor heat exchanger on the upstream side, and since the refrigerant always flows to all the indoor heat exchangers during heating, the optimum amount of refrigerant The fluctuation can be suppressed and a stable operation state can be maintained.

The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a heater is provided in the hot / cold switching chamber and the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. / The temperature of the product stored in each hot / cold switching chamber is adjusted by heating with the cooling and heating system and the heater according to the temperature of each cold / switching chamber, thereby Even if the temperature system is the minimum capacity that matches the capacity of the hot / cold switching chamber that is normally heated by the cooling and heating system, the heating capacity can be supplemented by the heater. Optimized design and efficient operation throughout the year.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the conventional example or the embodiments described above, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a cooling and heating system and a vending machine using the same in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the outdoor heat exchanger in the same embodiment.

  1 and 2, the vending machine according to the present invention includes a storage chamber including a hot / cold switching chamber 1, a cold dedicated chamber 2, and a second cold dedicated chamber 3, and includes a compressor 20, a hot / cold switching chamber. 1, an indoor heat exchanger 4 installed outside the storage room, an outdoor heat exchanger 21 installed outside the storage room, a four-way switching valve 22 for switching the refrigerant flow path during cooling and heating, and a cooling capillary tube as an expansion mechanism 23, a heating capillary tube 24 and a dryer 25, which has a cooling / heating system 26 dedicated to cooling and heating the hot / cold switching chamber 1, and is installed in the compressor 8 and the cold-dedicated chamber 2. The evaporator 5, the second evaporator 6 installed in the second cold dedicated chamber 3, the expansion valve 10, the second expansion valve 11, and the outdoor heat exchanger 21, and includes the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 2. Cold special A cooling system 27 for cooling the chamber 3 to a dedicated.

  Here, the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is constituted by a two-pass fin tube heat exchanger, and one of the passes is connected to a cooling and heating system 26, and acts as an evaporator during heating and as a condenser during cooling. The other path is connected to the cooling system 27 and acts as a condenser. In addition, the refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling and heating system 26 is arranged leeward of the refrigerant pipe of the cooling system 27, and the refrigerant of the cooling system 27 is an inlet arranged in the middle lower stage of three rows as indicated by dotted arrows. After flowing in from the pipe 28 and flowing toward the upper stage, it flows in the windward row from the upper stage toward the lower stage, and flows out from the outlet pipe 29 arranged in the lower stage on the windward side. On the other hand, the refrigerant at the time of heating by the cooling and heating system 27 flows in from the inlet pipe 30 arranged at the upper leeward side as shown by the solid line arrow, flows toward the lower stage, and is the outlet pipe arranged at the lower leeward side. 31 flows out. Further, the refrigerant flows in the opposite direction during cooling. Further, the outlet pipe 31 of the cooling and heating system and the inlet pipe 28 of the cooling system are arranged close to each other. In addition, a dew condensation sensor 32 is attached to the inlet pipe 30 of the cooling and heating system.

  The indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 21 are connected by two parallel pipes, one of which is a cooling capillary tube 23, a cooling check valve 33, and a dryer 25 connected in series. The heating capillary tube 24 and the heating check valve 34 are connected in series.

  Here, the cooling check valve 33 is installed so that the direction in which the refrigerant flows from the dryer 25 to the cooling capillary tube 23 is the forward direction and does not flow in the reverse direction from the cooling capillary tube 23 toward the dryer 25. The heating check valve 34 has a forward direction in which the refrigerant flows from the heating capillary tube 24 to the outdoor heat exchanger 21, and a reverse direction from the outdoor heat exchanger 21 toward the heating capillary tube 24. Installed so as not to flow.

  The compressor 20 is installed in a heat insulating cover (not shown) and includes a compressor fan (not shown). The compressor 20 is independent of the indoor heat exchanger 4, the evaporator 5, the second evaporator 6, and the outdoor heat exchanger 21. Air blowing fans 35, 36, 37, and 38 are provided.

  Further, a heater 39 is provided in the hot / cold switching chamber 1.

  The operation and action of the cooling and heating system configured as described above and the vending machine using the system will be described below.

  First, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is cooled, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 20 is switched to the flow path by the four-way switching valve 22 and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 21 as indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. It is condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is supplied to the dryer 25. The temperature of this liquid refrigerant becomes 30-40 degreeC substantially the same as an outdoor heat exchanger. At this time, the liquid refrigerant stays in the dryer 25, and moisture in the liquid refrigerant is removed.

  Then, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the dryer 25 is reduced in pressure by the cooling capillary tube 23 through the cooling check valve 33 and supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 4 to be evaporated, and the gas refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve 22 again. Reflux to the compressor 20. The evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 4 varies greatly depending on the set temperature of the storage chamber. Generally, when canned beverages or the like are cooled, the set temperature is 5 to 10 ° C, and the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 4 is -15 to -5 ° C.

  It is desirable to install the cooling capillary tube 23 and the outlet pipe for cooling the indoor heat exchanger 4 in contact with each other. By exchanging heat, a large amount of supercooling can be obtained and the cooling capacity is improved.

  When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 20 switches the flow path by the four-way switching valve 22 to the indoor heat exchanger 4 as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. Supplied to condense. The temperature of the liquid refrigerant varies greatly depending on the set temperature of the storage chamber. In general, when a can beverage or the like is heated, the set temperature is 50 to 60 ° C, and the condensation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 4 is 60 to 80 ° C.

  In addition, it is desirable to cover the heating refrigerant pipe from the compressor 20 to the indoor heat exchanger 4 with a heat insulating material, thereby improving the heating capacity and the heating efficiency by preventing heat radiation from the heating refrigerant pipe. Can be made.

  Then, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 4 is immediately depressurized by the heating capillary tube 24, and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 21 via the heating check valve 34 to be evaporated and gas refrigerant. Returns to the compressor 20 through the four-way switching valve 22 again. Generally, it is necessary to lower the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 when the outside air temperature becomes low. In particular, when the outside air temperature becomes 5 ° C. or less, the evaporation temperature has to be a minus temperature, Frost is generated. Further, when the outside air temperature becomes hot and humid, and the tube surface temperature or fin temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 falls below the dew point temperature, condensation occurs.

  However, in the outdoor heat exchanger 21 of the present embodiment, when the cooling system 27 is operated, the path connected to the cooling system 27 acts as a condenser, and the fin temperature around the path becomes high. Therefore, when the cooling and heating system 26 and the cooling system 27 are operated simultaneously, cascade heat exchange can be performed via the fins, and the atmosphere warmed by the condenser can be sucked into the evaporator. It becomes possible to operate the cooling and heating system 26 at a high evaporation temperature of −10 ° C. Thereby, the compression ratio can be reduced even under severe heating conditions of a condensation temperature of 60 to 80 ° C., and the efficiency of the compressor 20 can be improved. Further, in the cooling system 27, the efficiency of the compressor 8 can be improved by lowering the condensation temperature.

  Furthermore, frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 can be prevented by setting the evaporation temperature of the cooling and heating system 26 to 0 ° C. or higher. Further, even when the outside air temperature becomes hot and humid, the fin temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is less likely to fall below the dew point temperature, and the occurrence of condensation can be effectively suppressed.

  In addition, in the outdoor heat exchanger 21, by adopting a configuration in which the outlet pipe 31 of the cooling and heating system 26 and the inlet pipe 28 of the cooling system are close to each other, the degree of superheat of the cooling and heating system 26 can be increased. Heating ability and heating efficiency can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the refrigerant piping of the cooling and heating system 26 of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is arranged leeward of the refrigerant piping of the cooling system 27. However, when three rows of heat exchangers are used, cooling and heating are performed. The refrigerant pipe of the system 26 may be sandwiched between the refrigerant pipes of the cooling system 27.

  In addition, a condensation sensor 32 is attached to the inlet pipe 31 during heating of the cooling and heating system 26, and when the condensation is detected for a certain period of time, the cooling and heating system 26 is stopped and switched to heating by the heater 39, thereby heating function. It is possible to prevent the condensed water from leaking out of the vending machine without stopping the operation. Further, in the present embodiment, the inlet pipe 30 of the cooling and heating system 26 is installed at the upper part, and even when condensation occurs due to this, before the condensed water reaches under the outdoor heat exchanger 21. Can be evaporated.

  In addition, when the heating of the cooling system 27 and the cooling and heating system 26 is operating at the same time, the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is increased as compared with the case where each of them is operating independently. Each cooling capacity and heating capacity increase rapidly, frequent start-stop occurs, and the simultaneous operation rate decreases. Therefore, by reducing the air volume of the blower fan 38, the amount of heat exchange with the air of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 is reduced, and adjustment is made so that the capabilities of the cooling system 27 and the cooling and heating system 26 do not increase excessively. In addition, the simultaneous operation rate of the cooling system 27 and the cooling and heating system 26 can be increased, the cooling loss and the heating loss associated with the start and stop can be reduced, and the power consumption of the blower fan 38 can be reduced.

  Note that the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 21 may be measured, and the blower fan 39 may be stopped as necessary.

  Further, a heater may be installed in each of the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3, and if desired, the heater may be heated to form a hot chamber.

  As described above, the present embodiment has a dedicated cooling and heating system for cooling and heating the hot / cold switching chamber separately from the cooling means for the cold dedicated chamber and the second cold dedicated chamber. As a cooling and heating system, it has an outdoor heat exchanger composed of a cascade heat exchanger integrated with a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a condenser of the cooling system, a four-way switching valve, and a capillary tube. Because the cooling and heating system can be operated independently from the cooling of the cold room, it is possible to set the evaporation temperature at the time of heating high, and by using the waste heat of the cooling system, It is possible to reduce the compression ratio by maintaining the evaporation temperature during heating of the cooling and heating system at a high temperature condition of 0 to 10 ° C., improve the efficiency of the compressor, and increase the heating of the cooling and heating system. The efficiency can be improved and the heating efficiency can be easily doubled compared to heating means such as an electric heater, which has a heating efficiency of about 1, so the power consumption of the vending machine can be reduced. It can be greatly reduced.

  The cascade heat exchanger according to the present embodiment includes a two-pass fin tube heat exchanger including a refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling system and a refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling and heating system. By bringing the outlet piping of the cooling / heating system close to the inlet piping of the cooling system, it becomes possible to increase the degree of superheating of the cooling / heating system and improve the heating capacity and efficiency. Can do.

  In this embodiment, a dew condensation sensor is attached to the inlet piping of the outdoor heat exchanger of the cooling and heating system, and when the dew condensation is detected for a certain time, the cooling and heating system is stopped and the heater is heated. By switching, water leakage due to condensation can be prevented without stopping heating of the product.

  In the present embodiment, when the cooling system and the cooling and heating system are operated simultaneously, the cooling system and the cooling and heating system have the ability to reduce the air volume of the blower fan of the cascade heat exchanger. While being able to prevent a rapid increase, the power consumption of the blower fan can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the vending machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 3, the vending machine of the present invention includes a storage chamber including a first hot / cold switching chamber 100, a second hot / cold switching chamber 101, and a cold dedicated chamber 102, and includes a compressor 106, a first An indoor heat exchanger 103 installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 100, an outdoor heat exchanger 107 installed outside the storage chamber, a four-way switching valve 108 for switching the refrigerant flow path during cooling operation and heating operation, expansion The first cooling / heating system 111, which is composed of an expansion valve 109 and a dryer 110 as a mechanism and exclusively cools and warms the first hot / cold switching chamber 100, a compressor 112, and a second hot / cold A second hot / cold switching chamber comprising an indoor heat exchanger 104, an outdoor heat exchanger 107, a four-way switching valve 113, an expansion valve 114, and a dryer 115 installed in the switching chamber 101. The second cooling and heating system 116 dedicated to cooling and heating 01, the compressor 117, the evaporator 105 installed in the cold dedicated chamber 102, the outdoor heat exchanger 107, and the expansion valve 118 are cold. A dedicated cooling system 119 that exclusively cools the dedicated chamber 102 is provided.

  Here, the outdoor heat exchanger 107 is configured by a three-pass fin tube heat exchanger, and each refrigerant pipe includes a first cooling and heating system 111, a second cooling and heating system 116, and a cooling dedicated system 119. It is linked with. The refrigerant pipes connected to the first cooling and heating system 111 and the second cooling and heating system 116 act as an evaporator during the heating operation and as a condenser during the cooling operation, respectively. Further, the refrigerant pipe of the system having the highest ratio set for cooling throughout the year is arranged on the windward side, and the refrigerant pipe of the system having the highest ratio set for heating is arranged in the middle.

  Further, in the first cooling and heating system 111, the expansion valve 109 and the outdoor heat exchanger 107 are connected by two parallel pipes, and a cooling check valve 120 and a dryer 110 are connected in series to one of the pipes. A heating check valve 121 is connected to the other pipe. Also in the second cooling and heating system 116, the expansion valve 114 and the outdoor heat exchanger 107 are connected by two parallel pipes, a cooling check valve 122, a dryer 115, and a heating check valve. 123 are similarly connected.

  Here, in the first cooling and heating system 111, the cooling check valve 120 sets the direction in which the refrigerant flows from the dryer 110 to the expansion valve 109 as the forward direction, and does not flow in the reverse direction from the expansion valve 109 to the dryer 110. It is installed as follows. Further, the warming check valve 121 is installed so that the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve 109 to the outdoor heat exchanger 107 in the forward direction and does not flow in the reverse direction from the outdoor heat exchanger 107 to the expansion valve 109. The Also in the second cooling and heating system 116, the cooling check valve 122 and the heating check valve 123 are similarly installed.

  The indoor heat exchangers 103 and 104, the evaporator 105, and the outdoor heat exchanger 107 are provided with independent blower fans 124, 125, 126, and 127, respectively.

  FIG. 3 shows the state of the refrigerant circuit when the first hot / cold switching chamber 100 is set to heating and the second hot / cold switching chamber 101 is set to cooling.

  The operation and action of the vending machine configured as described above will be described below.

  Note that the first cooling / warming system 111 and the second cooling / warming system 116 perform the same operation, and thus the description of the operation of the second cooling / warming system 116 is omitted. Also, the cooling dedicated system 119 performs the same operation as the cooling operation of the first cooling and heating system 111, and thus the description of the operation is omitted.

  First, when the first hot / cold switching chamber 111 is cooled, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 106 switches the flow path by the four-way switching valve 108 as shown by the dotted line arrow in FIG. It is supplied to 107 and is condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 107 is supplied to the dryer 110. At this time, the liquid refrigerant stays in the dryer 110, and moisture in the liquid refrigerant is removed.

  Then, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the dryer 110 is decompressed by the expansion valve 109 via the cooling check valve 120 and supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 103 to evaporate, and the gas refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve 108 again and becomes a compressor. Reflux to 106. Here, in general, when canned beverages are cooled, the opening temperature of the expansion valve 109 is adjusted so that the set temperature is around 4 ° C. and the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 103 is about −20 to −15 ° C. The

  When the first hot / cold switching chamber 111 is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 106 switches the flow path by the four-way switching valve 108 as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. Is supplied to the vessel 103 to be condensed and liquefied. Here, in general, when heating canned beverages or the like, the opening temperature of the expansion valve 109 is adjusted so that the set temperature is around 55 ° C. and the condensation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 103 is about 60 to 70 ° C. .

  In addition, it is desirable to cover the heating refrigerant pipe from the compressor 106 to the indoor heat exchanger 103 with a heat insulating material. By preventing heat dissipation from the heating refrigerant pipe, the heating capacity and the heating efficiency are improved. Can be made.

  Then, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 103 is depressurized by the expansion valve 109, and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 107 via the heating check valve 121 to evaporate, so that the gas refrigerant is switched four-way again. It returns to the compressor 106 through the valve 108. In general, the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 107 needs to be lowered when the outside air temperature becomes low. In particular, when the outside air temperature becomes 5 ° C. or less, the evaporation temperature has to be a negative temperature, and the outdoor heat exchanger 107 is frosted. appear. Further, when the outside air temperature becomes hot and humid, and the tube surface temperature or fin temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 107 falls below the dew point temperature, condensation occurs.

  However, in the outdoor heat exchanger 107 of the present embodiment, when the cooling dedicated system 119 is operated, the refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling dedicated system 119 acts as a condenser, and the fin temperature around the refrigerant pipe becomes high. . Therefore, when the first cooling and heating system 111 and the cooling dedicated system 119 are operated simultaneously, cascade heat exchange can be performed via the fins, and the first cooling and heating can be performed at a high evaporation temperature of 0 to 10 ° C. It becomes possible to operate the temperature system 111. Thereby, the compression ratio can be reduced even under severe heating conditions of a condensation temperature of 60 to 70 ° C., and the efficiency of the compressor 106 can be improved. Further, the efficiency of the compressor 117 can be improved by reducing the condensation temperature in the cooling dedicated system 119 as well.

  Furthermore, frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 107 can be prevented by setting the evaporation temperature of the first cooling and heating system 111 to 0 ° C. or higher. Further, even when the outside air temperature becomes hot and humid, the fin temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 107 is less likely to fall below the dew point temperature, and the occurrence of condensation can be effectively suppressed.

  It should be noted that the waste heat of the cooling dedicated system 119 can be used even when the outdoor heat exchanger is made independent in each system and arranged in series with respect to the wind direction of the blower fan 127. An integrated heat exchanger such as the heat exchanger 107 is more effective because heat can be transferred through the fins.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the first cooling / heating system and the second cooling for cooling and heating the first hot / cold switching chamber and the second hot / cold switching chamber, respectively. A heating system and a cooling dedicated system for cooling the cold-dedicated room. As the cooling and heating system, a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a four-way switching valve, With this, the cooling and heating system can be operated independently of the cooling of the cold room, and each system can be optimized according to the load of each storage room.

  In the present embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger is integrated with a three-pass fin tube heat exchanger having a refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling dedicated system and a refrigerant pipe connected to each cooling and heating system. By configuring, it becomes possible to set the evaporation temperature at the time of the heating operation to be higher, and the evaporation temperature at the time of the heating operation of the cooling / heating system is set to 0 to 0 using the waste heat of the cooling dedicated system Maintaining high temperature conditions of 10 ° C, the compression ratio can be reduced, the efficiency of the compressor can be improved, the heating efficiency of the cooling and heating system can be improved, and the heating efficiency of electric heaters, etc. However, compared with a heating means of about 1, it is possible to easily realize a heating efficiency of about twice, so that the power consumption of the vending machine can be greatly reduced.

  Furthermore, the arrangement of the outdoor heat exchanger paths is arranged from the windward side of the blower fan to the cooling dedicated system, the first cooling and heating system, and the second cooling and heating system in this order. The fins around the refrigerant piping of the first cooling / heating system, where the ratio is set and the possibility of condensation, is high, the refrigerant piping that acts as a condenser for the cooling-only system and the second cooling / heating system Since it can heat by the waste heat of the refrigerant | coolant piping which acts as a condenser at the time of cooling operation, the dew condensation of a 1st cooling heating system can be prevented effectively. In addition, the second cooling and heating system is also arranged on the leeward side of the dedicated cooling system, so that the efficiency can be improved and condensation can be prevented by the waste heat of the dedicated cooling system.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the vending machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 4, the vending machine according to the present invention includes a storage room including a first hot / cold switching chamber 130, a second hot / cold switching chamber 131, a third hot / cold switching chamber 132, and a cold dedicated chamber 133. , A compressor 134, a first indoor heat exchanger 135 installed in the first hot / cold switching chamber 130, and a second indoor heat exchange installed in the second hot / cold switching chamber 131. 136, outdoor heat exchanger 137 installed outside the storage room, four-way switching valve 138 for switching the refrigerant flow path during cooling operation and warming operation, first indoor heat exchanger 135 and second heat exchanger during cooling operation A cooling switching valve 139 for switching the flow of the refrigerant to which of the indoor heat exchanger 136, and a first cooling capillary tube 1 as an expansion mechanism connected in parallel to the outlet of the cooling switching valve 139 0, the second cooling capillary tube 141, the cooling check valve 142 connected to the inlet of the cooling switching valve 139, the dryer 143 connected to the inlet of the cooling check valve 142, and the heating capillary tube 144 And a heating check valve 145 connected to the outlet of the heating capillary tube 144, and the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 are exclusively cooled and heated. A cooling and heating system 146, a compressor 147, a first evaporator 148 installed in the third hot / cold switching chamber 132, a second evaporator 149 installed in the cold dedicated chamber 133, and the outdoor Heat exchanger 137, switching valve 150 for a dedicated cooling system that switches whether the refrigerant flows through the first evaporator 148 or the second evaporator 149, for a cooling dedicated system The third cooling capillary tube 151 and the fourth cooling capillary tube 152 as an expansion mechanism connected in parallel to the outlet of the replacement valve 150, and the third hot / cold switching chamber 132 and the cold dedicated chamber 133 A cooling-only system 153 that performs cooling exclusively is provided.

  Here, the first indoor heat exchanger 135 and the first evaporator 148 have smaller internal volumes than the second indoor heat exchanger 136 and the second evaporator 149, respectively.

  The outdoor heat exchanger 137 is a two-pass fin tube heat exchanger, and one refrigerant pipe is connected to the cooling and heating system 146, and serves as an evaporator during the heating operation and a condenser during the cooling operation. The other refrigerant pipe is connected to the cooling dedicated system 153 and functions as a condenser. Further, the refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling and heating system 146 is arranged leeward of the refrigerant pipe of the cooling dedicated system 153.

  Further, in the cooling and heating system 146, the outlet during the cooling operation of the first indoor heat exchanger 135 and the inlet during the cooling operation of the second indoor heat exchanger 136 are connected in series by the first series pipe 154. Is done. Further, also in the cooling dedicated system 153, the outlet of the first evaporator 148 and the inlet of the second evaporator 149 are connected in series by a second series pipe 155.

  Further, in the cooling and heating system 146, the cooling check valve 142 sets the direction in which the refrigerant flows from the dryer 143 to the cooling switching valve 139 as the forward direction, and does not flow in the reverse direction from the cooling switching valve 139 to the dryer 143. Installed. Further, the warming check valve 145 sets the direction in which the refrigerant flows from the first indoor heat exchanger 135 to the outdoor heat exchanger 137 as a forward direction, and moves from the outdoor heat exchanger 137 to the first indoor heat exchanger 135. It is installed so that it does not flow in the reverse direction.

  In addition, the first indoor heat exchanger 135, the second indoor heat exchanger 136, the first evaporator 148, the second evaporator 149, and the outdoor heat exchanger 137 have independent blow fans 156, 157, respectively. 158, 159, 160 are provided.

  The first hot / cold switching chamber 130, the second hot / cold switching chamber 131, and the third hot / cold switching chamber 132 are provided with heating heaters 161, 162, and 163, respectively.

  FIG. 4 shows the state of the refrigerant circuit when the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 are set to heating and the third hot / cold switching chamber 132 is set to cooling. Represents.

  The operation and action of the vending machine configured as described above will be described below.

  In addition, about the cooling exclusive system 153, since the operation | movement similar to the time of the cooling operation of the cooling heating system 146 is performed, description of operation | movement is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, when the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 are cooled, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 134 is transferred to the four-way switching valve 138 as indicated by the dotted arrows in FIG. Then, the flow path is switched and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 137 to be condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 137 is supplied to the dryer 143. At this time, the liquid refrigerant stays inside the dryer 143, and moisture in the liquid refrigerant is removed.

  Then, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the dryer 143 is supplied to the cooling switching valve 139 via the cooling check valve 142, and when the pressure is reduced in the first cooling capillary tube 140 by opening and closing the cooling switching valve 139, The surplus refrigerant that has been supplied to the first indoor heat exchanger, evaporates, is supplied to the second indoor heat exchanger 136 via the serial pipe 154, and cannot be evaporated in the first indoor heat exchanger 135. However, it is evaporated by the second indoor heat exchanger 136. When the pressure is reduced by the second cooling capillary tube 141, the pressure is supplied to the second indoor heat exchanger 136 and evaporated.

  Here, when indoor heat exchangers are connected in parallel as in a conventional vending machine, when the amount of refrigerant is determined according to the indoor heat exchanger having the largest volume, the refrigerant is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger having the smallest volume. When flowing, the evaporating temperature is extremely lowered. However, as in the present embodiment, by connecting the indoor heat exchanger via the serial pipe 154, the first volume having a smaller volume than the second indoor heat exchanger 136 is obtained. Even when the refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 135, it is possible to prevent the evaporation temperature from becoming extremely low, so that the efficiency of the compressor can be improved. Furthermore, since the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 can be cooled while the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 can be cooled at the same time, the operating rate of the compressor can be lowered, and highly efficient vending is possible. Can be a machine.

  The cooling switching valve 139 may be an electromagnetic valve, but it is preferable to use a three-way switching valve because the power consumption can be reduced. When the cooling switching valve 139 has a blocking function, the cooling check valve 142 may not be provided.

  Then, the gas refrigerant that has exited the second indoor heat exchanger 136 returns to the compressor 134 through the four-way switching valve 138 again. Here, the first cooling capillary tube 140 and the second cooling capillary tube 141 are designed such that the evaporation temperature is about −20 to −15 ° C. Further, by using the first cooling capillary tube 140 and the second cooling capillary tube 141 as the expansion mechanism, heat can be exchanged with the refrigerant piping from the second indoor heat exchanger 136 to the compressor 134. The cooling capacity of each indoor heat exchanger can be improved.

  Next, when the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 are heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 134 is switched in four directions as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. The flow path is switched by the valve 138 and supplied to the second indoor heat exchanger 136 to be condensed and liquefied. Furthermore, the refrigerant that has exited the second indoor heat exchanger 136 is supplied to the first indoor heat exchanger 135 via the serial pipe 154 and has not been fully condensed in the second indoor heat exchanger 136. However, it is condensed and liquefied by the first indoor heat exchanger 135, and the liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the heating capillary tube 144 and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 137 through the heating check valve 145. Then, it evaporates and evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 137, and the gas refrigerant returns to the compressor 134 through the four-way switching valve 138 again.

  Here, since the liquid tube can be reduced by using the capillary tube as the expansion mechanism, the amount of the refrigerant during the heating operation can be reduced.

  The heating capillary tube 144 is designed so that the condensation temperature is about 60 to 70 ° C. Furthermore, it is desirable that the heating capillary tube 144 be insulated without performing heat exchange with the refrigerant pipe from the compressor 134 toward the second indoor heat exchanger 136, thereby not reducing the heating capacity. At the same time, the cooling capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 137 can be prevented from increasing, and the occurrence of condensation in the outdoor heat exchanger 137 can be suppressed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 135 and the second indoor heat exchanger 136 are connected in series by the serial pipe 154, and both indoor heats are always obtained when the cooling and heating system 146 is operated. Since the refrigerant flows through the exchanger, the fluctuation of the optimum refrigerant amount can be suppressed, a stable operation state can be maintained, and high efficiency can be achieved.

  Further, the products stored in the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 are adjusted to a predetermined temperature by adjusting the air volume of the blower fans 156 and 157. As a result, it is possible to prevent only the second hot / cold switching chamber 131 from being heated and to prevent an increase in the necessary refrigerant amount due to overcondensation.

  In addition, products that are heated by the heating heaters 161 and 162 together with the air volume adjustment of the blower fans 156 and 157, and are stored in the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131. The cooling and heating system 146 may be adjusted even if it has a minimum capacity that matches the capacity of the first hot / cold switching chamber 130 and the second hot / cold switching chamber 131. Heating capability can be supplemented by the heaters 161 and 162.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the cooling and heating system that exclusively cools and heats the first hot / cold switching chamber and the second hot / cold switching chamber, and the third hot / cold switching. A cooling dedicated system for cooling the chamber and the cold dedicated chamber, and as the cooling and heating system, a compressor, a first indoor heat exchanger, a second indoor heat exchanger, By providing a cooling capillary tube, a second cooling capillary tube, a cooling switching valve, a heating capillary tube, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a four-way switching valve, a single compressor can The hot / cold switching chamber can be cooled or heated, thus saving space in the machine room, reducing the weight of the unit, and adjusting the load of each storage room. It is possible to optimize the Temu. In addition, heat can be exchanged between the cooling capillary tube and the suction pipe of the compressor to improve the cooling capacity, and when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. Since the liquid pipe to be used can be eliminated, the required amount of refrigerant can be reduced.

  For example, when the first hot / cold switching chamber is set to warm and the second hot / cold switching chamber is set to cool, the second hot / cold switching chamber is cooled by the cooling and heating system. The first hot / cold switching chamber can be used in combination with cooling and heating by heating with a heating heater.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the third hot / cold switching room and the cold dedicated room, which are set to be cooled throughout the year, are cooled by the cooling dedicated system. Therefore, the cooling dedicated system and the cooling heating system are used. The capacity of the engine can be designed optimally, and efficient operation is possible throughout the year.

  As described above, the vending machine using the cooling and heating system according to the present invention can improve the heating efficiency by using the waste heat of the cooling system for heating the cooling and heating system. It can also be applied to applications that require energy saving during heating and cooling, such as showcases that store beverages and cold beverages by switching and cup vending machines that supply small amounts of hot water.

Cooling and heating system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and refrigerant circuit diagram of vending machine using the same The perspective view of the outdoor heat exchanger in the embodiment Refrigerant circuit diagram of vending machine in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Refrigerant circuit diagram of vending machine in Embodiment 3 of the present invention Refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional vending machine

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot / cold switching room 2 Cold exclusive room 3 Second cold exclusive room 4 Indoor heat exchanger 20 Compressor 21 Outdoor heat exchanger 22 Four-way switching valve 23 Capillary tube for cooling 24 Capillary tube for heating 26 Cooling and heating system 27 Cooling system 28 Cooling system inlet piping 30 Cooling and heating system heating inlet piping 31 Cooling and heating system heating outlet piping 32 Condensation sensor 38 Blower fan 39 Heater 100 First hot / cold switching chamber 101 First Second hot / cold switching chamber 102 Cold dedicated chamber 103 First indoor heat exchanger 104 Second indoor heat exchanger 105 Evaporator 106 Compressor 107 Outdoor heat exchanger 108 Four-way switching valve 109 Expansion valve 111 First cooling Heating system 112 Compressor 113 Four-way switching valve 114 Expansion valve 116 Second cooling and heating system 117 Compressor 118 Expansion valve 119 Cooling dedicated system 130 First hot / cold switching chamber 131 Second hot / cold switching chamber 132 Third hot / cold switching chamber 133 Cold dedicated chamber 134 Compressor 135 First indoor heat exchanger 136 Second indoor heat exchanger 137 Outdoor heat exchanger 138 Four-way switching valve 139 Cooling switching valve 140 First cooling capillary tube 141 Second cooling capillary tube 144 For heating Capillary tube 146 Cooling and heating system 147 Compressor 148 First evaporator 149 Second evaporator 150 Switching valve for cooling dedicated system 151 Third cooling capillary tube 152 Fourth cooling capillary tube 153 Cooling dedicated system 154 155 Series piping 15 , 157,158,159 blower fan 161, 162, 163 heating heater

Claims (5)

It has a cold room for storing products and multiple hot / cold switching rooms, and the cooling system for cooling the cold room and switching between cooling and heating by switching the refrigerant flow path in the hot / cold switching room A vending machine having a cooling and heating system, wherein the cooling system connects an evaporator in the cold-dedicated room, an outdoor heat exchanger installed outside a storage compartment, and a cooling compressor, the cooling and warming system is constructed by connecting a plurality of hot / cold switching chamber of the plurality of indoor heat exchangers and storage installed outside compartment the outdoor heat exchanger and the cooling and warming compressor, the number of the plurality The plurality of indoor heat exchangers arranged in the hot / cold switching chamber are connected in series with a series pipe, and when heating, the refrigerant is always allowed to flow through the plurality of indoor heat exchangers connected in series, Multiple hot / When cooling the Rudo switching chamber, an automatic vending machine, characterized in that it has configured to be able to switch whether the refrigerant flows in either of the indoor heat exchanger by switching valves.   The vending machine according to claim 1, wherein the condenser of the cooling system and the outdoor heat exchanger of the cooling and heating system installed outside the product storage room are an integrated cascade heat exchanger.   The vending machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the hot / cold switching room is heated, the air volume of the indoor fan can be adjusted according to the temperature of the hot / cold switching room. Machine.   When the hot / cold switching room is a heated room, the first indoor heat exchanger connected to the downstream side has a smaller internal volume than the second indoor heat exchanger on the upstream side. The vending machine according to any one of the above.   When a heater is provided in the hot / cold switching chamber and the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, heating is performed by the cooling and heating system and the heater according to the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber. The vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: