JP2009264716A - Heat pump hot water system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump hot water system of high heat exchange efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump hot water system has an outdoor unit 1, a heating/cooling panel 4, an indoor unit 2 having a refrigerant water heat exchanger 21, a hot water storage tank 32, a refrigerant water heat exchanger 31 for the tank, and a water pump 22, and the refrigerant water heat exchanger 31 for the tank is disposed in parallel with the refrigerant water heat exchanger 21. Further this heat pump hot water system includes an indoor side refrigerant temperature detecting means 24 for detecting a temperature of the refrigerant from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 21, a tank side refrigerant temperature detecting means 26 for detecting a temperature of the refrigerant from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 31 for the tank, a water discharge temperature detecting means 23 for detecting a temperature of the water discharged from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 21, and a tank water temperature detecting means 33 for detecting a temperature in the hot water storage tank 32, and the water pump is driven during a defrosting operation of an air heat source heat exchanger. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump hot water system for heating with hot water.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a heat pump device for exchanging heat between conventional water and a refrigerant. As shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional heat pump apparatus, water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank is supplied to the heat pump, and hot water generated by the heat pump is stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, while bathing or flooring of the bath. For heating, etc., the function is realized by circulating hot water, and the hot water circulating in the bath and floor heating is composed of the hot water in the hot water storage tank and the low-temperature water returned through the bath and floor heating. Heat exchange is performed, heat is absorbed from the heat of the high-temperature water in the hot water storage tank, and becomes high-temperature water again and circulates in the reheating bath or in the floor heating panel (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-113836

  However, in the conventional configuration, hot water is taken out from the hot water storage tank and heat is exchanged between the water and the water in an external heat exchanger. If installed in a hot water tank, the hot water is circulated through the piping from the hot water storage tank to the heat exchanger, or from the bath or floor heating panel to the heat exchanger. It had the problem of end up.

  This invention solves the said conventional subject, and it aims at providing the heat pump hot water system with high heat exchange efficiency.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump hot water system of the present invention includes an outdoor unit having an air heat source heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a compressor, and a throttle mechanism, and air conditioning that circulates hot water or cold water to perform air conditioning. An indoor unit having a panel, a refrigerant and a water / refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the water in the heating / cooling panel, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, and a tank provided in the hot water storage tank for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water A water coolant heat exchanger, and a water pump for transporting water flowing through the air conditioning panel, the air heat source heat exchanger, the four-way valve, the compressor, the water refrigerant heat exchanger, The throttle mechanism constitutes a refrigeration cycle, and the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged in parallel with the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser. When From the indoor side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger, the tank side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature coming out of the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the water refrigerant heat exchanger When the outlet water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the outgoing water, the tank water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the hot water storage tank, the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser. An indoor expansion valve that restricts the amount of refrigerant to the refrigerant outlet side of the water refrigerant heat exchanger, a tank side expansion valve that restricts the amount of refrigerant to the refrigerant outlet side of the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the high pressure of the compressor A high pressure side pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure on the side of the compressor and a low pressure side pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure on the low pressure side of the compressor, and the water pump is operated during the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger. By driving, cold Since the path is divided into a plurality of paths, heat can be exchanged between the refrigerant and the water using a plurality of heat exchangers at the same time. Further, an efficient defrosting operation is performed during the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger. The heat pump hot water system which can be implemented can be realized.

  The present invention can provide a heat pump hot water system with high heat exchange efficiency.

  A heat pump hot water system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an outdoor unit having an air heat source heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a compressor, and a throttle mechanism, an air conditioning panel that circulates hot water or cold water to perform air conditioning, the refrigerant, and the air conditioning panel An indoor unit having a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat with water in the water, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for a tank provided in the hot water storage tank for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water, A water pump for transporting water flowing through the air conditioning panel, and the air heat source heat exchanger, the four-way valve, the compressor, the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the throttle mechanism constitute a refrigeration cycle. In addition, the water refrigerant heat exchanger for the tank is disposed in parallel with the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the water refrigerant heat exchange is performed when the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser. Cold coming out of the vessel Indoor-side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting temperature, tank-side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting refrigerant temperature coming out of the tank water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and outlet temperature for detecting the temperature of water coming out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger Detection means, tank water temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the hot water storage tank, refrigerant of the water refrigerant heat exchanger when the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser An indoor expansion valve that restricts the amount of refrigerant on the outlet side, a tank side expansion valve that restricts the amount of refrigerant on the refrigerant outlet side of the tank-side water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a high-pressure side pressure that detects the pressure on the high-pressure side of the compressor Detecting means and low pressure side pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure on the low pressure side of the compressor, and driving the water pump during the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger, thereby providing a plurality of refrigerant paths. Branching into In addition, a heat pump hot water system capable of exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water simultaneously with a plurality of heat exchangers and capable of performing an efficient defrosting operation during the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger is realized. be able to.

  In the heat pump hot water system of the second invention, particularly in the first invention, when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined value, the drive of the water pump is stopped. In addition, it is possible to realize a heat pump hot water system capable of performing an efficient defrosting operation while suppressing a temperature drop of water coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger.

  In the heat pump hot water system of the third invention, in particular in the second invention, when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is higher than a predetermined value, the drive of the water pump is started. In addition, it is possible to realize a heat pump hot water system capable of performing an efficient defrosting operation while suppressing a temperature drop of water coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger.

  The heat pump hot water system of the fourth invention is driven in the direction to close the indoor expansion valve when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined value, particularly in the first invention. By doing, the heat pump hot water system which can perform an efficient defrosting operation | movement can be implement | achieved, suppressing the temperature fall of the water which comes out of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger.

  In the heat pump hot water system of the fifth invention, particularly in the first or fourth invention, when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is higher than a predetermined value, the indoor expansion valve is opened. By driving in the direction, it is possible to realize a heat pump hot water system capable of performing an efficient defrosting operation while suppressing a temperature drop of water coming out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a heat pump hot water system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the heat pump hot water system includes an outdoor unit 1, an indoor unit 2, a tank unit 3, and an air conditioning panel 4. The configuration of each unit will be described below.

  The outdoor unit 1 includes an air heat source heat exchanger 11 for exchanging heat between air and a refrigerant, a throttle mechanism 12 for decompressing the refrigerant, and a refrigeration cycle as a heating cycle (the air heat source heat exchanger 11 serves as an evaporator). Action) and cooling cycle (the air heat source heat exchanger 11 acts as a condenser), the four-way valve 13 for switching, the compressor 14 for compressing the refrigerant to high temperature and high pressure, and the air in the air heat source heat exchanger 11 A blower fan 15 for promoting heat exchange with the refrigerant, a pressure sensor 16 as high pressure side pressure detection means on the refrigerant discharge port side of the compressor 14, and low pressure side pressure detection means on the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 14 A pressure sensor 17 is provided.

  Then, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21, the throttle mechanism 12, the air heat source heat exchanger 11, and the compressor 14 disposed in the indoor unit 2 are sequentially supplied to the refrigerant pipe via the four-way valve 13 as shown in FIG. 1. Connected at refrigeration cycle. Further, the refrigerant piping is branched from between the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 and the throttle mechanism 12 and between the four-way valve 13 and the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21, respectively. A tank water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is provided so as to be in a parallel position. A circuit indicated by a solid line of the four-way valve 13 is a circuit during a heating cycle, and a circuit indicated by a dotted line is a circuit during a cooling cycle.

  The indoor unit 2 includes a water / refrigerant heat exchanger 21 that exchanges heat with water flowing through the cooling / heating panel 4 and a refrigerant, a water pump 22 that transports water flowing through the cooling / heating panel 4, and water discharged from the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 21. The thermistor 23 which is a water discharge temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the water is arranged, and the water path of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21, the water pump 22, and the water path of the cooling / heating panel are sequentially connected in an annular manner by piping. Yes. Moreover, the control board 28 for controlling the apparatus in the indoor unit 2 is provided.

  Further, when the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 acts as a condenser, the thermistor 24 which is a room side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 and the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 are outputted. An indoor expansion valve 25 is provided for reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant. Furthermore, the thermistor 26 which is a tank side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant coming out of the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31 when the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31 acts as a condenser, and the tank side water refrigerant. A tank-side expansion valve 27 for reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger 31 is provided.

  The tank unit 3 is provided with a hot water storage tank 32 for storing hot water and a tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31 in the hot water storage tank 32 for boiling hot water in the hot water storage tank 32. Further, a thermistor 33 that is a tank water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 32 is provided. A water supply pipe 34 for supplying water from a water supply source is connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 32, and a hot water discharge pipe 35 for supplying hot water to the hot water supply terminal is provided at the upper part of the hot water storage tank 32. ing.

  The cooling / heating panel 4 realizes heating or cooling in a living room by circulating cold water or hot water generated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21.

  About the heat pump hot water system comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, during the heating cycle, the four-way valve 13 is switched so that the path indicated by the solid line is connected to the four-way valve 13, and the operation of the compressor 14 is started, whereby the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigeration cycle. During the heating cycle, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid line arrow in FIG. Then, the air heat source heat exchanger 11 absorbs heat and the compressor 14 generates a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.

  Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant branches into a refrigerant pipe 52 that enters the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 from the refrigerant pipe 51 and a refrigerant pipe 53 that enters the tank-side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 and flows into the respective heat exchangers. To do. The amount of refrigerant flowing into each heat exchanger is determined by adjusting the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 25 and the tank expansion valve 27.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that has entered the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 through the refrigerant pipe 52 exchanges heat with water flowing through the cooling / heating panel 4. And the high temperature water produced | generated by the water refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 21 distribute | circulates the inside of the air conditioning panel 4 by driving the water pump 22 so that the temperature which the thermistor 23 detects may turn into the temperature which the user set, and is used. Provide comfortable heating in the living space of the elderly.

  On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that has taken the refrigerant pipe 53 and entered the tank-side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat with hot water stored in the hot water storage tank. Then, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 32 is boiled so that the temperature detected by the thermistor 33 becomes the temperature set by the user through the operation unit (not shown).

  Then, the refrigerant pipe 54 coming out from the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 and the refrigerant pipe 55 coming out from the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31 merge to form one refrigerant pipe 56, and the pressure is reduced by the throttle mechanism 12. Then, the air and the refrigerant exchange heat again in the air heat source heat exchanger 11.

  Further, based on the information on the temperature of the refrigerant after the heat exchange from the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21 and the temperature of the refrigerant after the heat exchange from the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31, the frequency of the compressor 14, The diaphragm mechanism 12 is adjusted.

  Next, the cooling cycle will be described. During the cooling cycle, the four-way valve 13 is switched to the four-way valve 13 so as to have a path indicated by a dotted line, and the operation of the compressor 14 is started, whereby the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigeration cycle. In the cooling cycle, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the dotted arrow in FIG. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant generated by the compressor 14 exchanges heat with air by the air heat source heat exchanger 11 and is decompressed by the throttle mechanism 12.

  The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant branches into a refrigerant pipe 54 that enters the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 from the refrigerant pipe 56 and a refrigerant pipe 55 that enters the tank-side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 and flows into the respective heat exchangers. In general, the hot water storage tank 32 stores hot water, so that the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is supplied with refrigerant by fully closing the tank side expansion valve 27. Therefore, the temperature drop of the hot water in the hot water storage tank is prevented.

  In addition, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has entered the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 through the refrigerant pipe 54 exchanges heat with water flowing through the cooling / heating panel 4. And the cold / hot water produced | generated with the water refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 21 distribute | circulates the inside of the cooling / heating panel 4 by driving the water pump 22 so that the temperature which the thermistor 23 detects may turn into the temperature which the user set, and is used. Provide comfortable cooling in the living space of the elderly.

  Next, a method for boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank 32 without increasing the temperature of the hot water flowing in the air conditioning panel will be described. At this time, the indoor expansion valve 25 is opened by a minute opening, a small amount of refrigerant is circulated, and the temperature of the water circulating in the cooling / heating panel 4 is not increased, and the driving of the water pump 22 is stopped. I am letting. On the other hand, in order to send most of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle to the tank-side water refrigerant heat exchanger 31, the opening degree of the tank-side expansion valve 27 is opened. As a result, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 32 can be boiled without increasing the temperature of the hot water flowing in the air conditioning panel 4.

  Next, the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger 11 will be described. Compared with a normal air conditioner, because heat is exchanged between water and refrigerant indoors, the heat exchange efficiency is very good, while the amount of frost on the heat exchanger increases. It had the subject that defrost time will become long. Therefore, in the heat pump hot water system of the present invention with good heat exchange efficiency, defrosting must be performed efficiently.

  In the defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger 11 according to the present embodiment, first, frost formation is determined based on the temperature of the air heat source heat exchanger 11 and the outside air temperature. If it is determined that frost formation has occurred, the heating cycle is switched to the cooling cycle by switching the four-way valve 13. By switching to the cooling cycle, the air heat source heat exchanger 11 side becomes a condenser, and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the air heat source heat exchanger 11. As a result, the amount of heat released from the refrigerant in the air heat source heat exchanger 11 is increased, and defrosting is performed.

  In the present invention, when the defrosting operation is started, in order to increase the heat exchange amount in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21, the water pump is driven and water is circulated to increase the heat exchange amount in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21. Since the evaporation capability can be increased and the condensation capability in the air heat source heat exchanger 11 can be increased, as a result, the frost in the air heat source heat exchanger 11 can be dissolved in a short time.

  Further, when the water pump is driven to increase the evaporation capacity of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21, the water pump is controlled based on the temperature of the thermistor 23 that detects the water temperature coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 21. Control is being performed.

  First, when the temperature detected by the thermistor 23 is lower than the predetermined value α, if the water pump 22 is continuously driven, the hot water whose temperature has been lowered is circulated through the cooling / heating panel. It can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, in the present invention, a certain predetermined value α is provided, and when the temperature detected by the thermistor 23 becomes lower than the predetermined value α, the driving of the water pump 22 is stopped. As a result, it is possible to prevent the heating capacity of the cooling / heating panel 4 from decreasing.

  Further, when the temperature detected by the thermistor 23 becomes higher than the predetermined value β, it is determined that there is a sufficient amount of heat without reducing the heating capacity of the cooling / heating panel 4, and the water pump 22 is driven again. I do. Therefore, the evaporation capability can be increased again. Note that there is no problem whether the predetermined value α and the predetermined value β are the same value or different values.

  In addition, after the water pump 22 is driven at the start of the defrosting operation, the indoor expansion valve 25 may be driven in the closing direction when the temperature detected by the thermistor 23 becomes lower than the predetermined value α. As a result, a decrease in temperature detected by the thermistor 23 is suppressed, and the defrosting time can be shortened.

  Further, when the temperature detected by the thermistor 23 becomes higher than the predetermined value β, the indoor expansion valve 25 may be driven to open. As a result, the evaporation capacity can be increased again, and the defrosting time can be shortened.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides an electric heater in the air heat source heat exchanger 11, and energizes an electric heater with the start of a defrost operation. As a result, a decrease in the temperature of the water flowing through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 can be suppressed, and the defrosting time can be shortened.

As described above, the refrigeration cycle behavior and the hot water temperature can always be grasped by having the indoor refrigerant temperature detecting means 24, the water discharge temperature detecting means 23, the tank refrigerant temperature detecting means 26, and the tank water temperature detecting means 23. Therefore, a very efficient heat pump hot water system can be realized.

  Moreover, since the evaporation capability in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 21 is increased efficiently even during the defrosting operation, the defrosting time can be shortened.

  The present invention is not limited to a heat pump hot water system using a combination of an indoor unit and a hot water storage tank having a configuration for exchanging heat between water and refrigerant, as well as a combination of indoor units having a configuration for exchanging heat between water and a refrigerant The combination and the heat pump hot water system connected to the indoor unit for air conditioning are also applied.

Configuration diagram of heat pump hot water system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Configuration diagram of a conventional heat pump device

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outdoor unit 2 Indoor unit 3 Tank unit 4 Air conditioning panel 11 Air heat source heat exchanger 12 Throttle mechanism 13 Four-way valve 14 Compressor 15 Blower fan 16 Pressure sensor 17 Pressure sensor 21 Water refrigerant heat exchanger 22 Water pump 23 Outlet temperature detection means 24 indoor side refrigerant temperature detection means 26 tank side refrigerant temperature detection means 31 tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger 32 hot water storage tank 33 tank water temperature detection means

Claims (5)

An outdoor unit having an air heat source heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a compressor, and a throttle mechanism, an air conditioning panel that circulates hot water or cold water to perform air conditioning, and a water refrigerant that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the water in the air conditioning panel. An indoor unit having a heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a water coolant heat exchanger for a tank provided in the hot water storage tank for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water, and water flowing through the cooling / heating panel are conveyed. A refrigeration cycle comprising the air heat source heat exchanger, the four-way valve, the compressor, the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the throttle mechanism, and the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger. Indoor side which is arranged in parallel with the water refrigerant heat exchanger and detects the refrigerant temperature coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger when the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser. Refrigerant temperature detecting means and Tank side refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger for tanks, outlet water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of water coming out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and detecting the temperature in the hot water storage tank A tank water temperature detecting means, and an indoor expansion valve for reducing a refrigerant amount to a refrigerant outlet side of the water refrigerant heat exchanger when the water refrigerant heat exchanger and the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger act as a condenser; A tank side expansion valve for reducing the amount of refrigerant on the refrigerant outlet side of the tank side water refrigerant heat exchanger, a high pressure side pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure on the high pressure side of the compressor, and a pressure on the low pressure side of the compressor And a low pressure side pressure detecting means for detecting the heat pump, wherein the water pump is driven during a defrosting operation of the air heat source heat exchanger. 2. The heat pump hot water system according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detection means becomes lower than a predetermined value, the drive of the water pump is stopped. 3. The heat pump hot water system according to claim 2, wherein when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is higher than a predetermined value, the water pump is started to be driven. 2. The heat pump hot water system according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined value, the heat pump hot water system is driven in a direction to close the indoor expansion valve. 5. The heat pump hot water system according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature detected by the water discharge temperature detecting means is higher than a predetermined value, the heat pump is driven in a direction to open the indoor expansion valve. .

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