JP5239199B2 - Reinforced structure of wooden horizontal members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to a reinforcing structure for a wooden horizontal member such as a beam or a base in a wooden building, and particularly relates to reinforcement around a through hole for inserting piping, wiring, and the like.

  In wooden buildings, through-holes may be formed in wooden horizontal members such as beams and foundations to allow water piping and electrical equipment wiring to pass through. The strength of the horizontal member is reduced. However, in wooden buildings, the strength evaluation methods and reinforcement methods for perforated horizontal members such as steel structures, RC structures, and SRC structures are not yet well established, and each has its own response. This is the current situation.

  As one of the measures, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there is a reinforcing structure in which a reinforcing plate is fastened with a large number of screws around the through holes on both side surfaces of the wooden horizontal member. is there.

JP 2004-324125 A JP 2003-176601 A

  However, in the above reinforcing structure, a large number of screws are screwed around the through holes of the wooden horizontal member, so that the fiber of the wooden horizontal member is damaged in a large amount and the strength of the wooden horizontal member itself is greatly reduced. There was a problem such as.

  However, if the number of screws that secure the reinforcing plate is reduced as much as possible in order to reduce the fiber damage of the wooden horizontal member, bending stress and shear stress acting on the wooden horizontal member can be efficiently applied to the reinforcing plate. It was not possible to transmit well, the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing plate could not be fully utilized, and sufficient strength performance could not be ensured.

  For this reason, in the case of using a perforated wooden horizontal member in a wooden building, there is a problem that the structural planning becomes complicated because it is necessary to plan the structure in anticipation of a significant decrease in strength.

  Then, this invention aims at provision of the reinforcement structure of the wooden horizontal member which eliminates the said malfunction and can improve the strength performance of the wooden horizontal member which has a through-hole effectively.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the reinforcing structure of the present invention has a structure in which the through-hole 3 is formed between the opposing side surfaces 2 and 2, and both side surfaces 2 of the wooden horizontal member 1. 2, reinforcing plates 5 and 5 are bonded around the through hole 3, respectively, and each of the reinforcing plates 5 and 5 includes a main body portion 6 in which an opening 8 corresponding to the through hole 3 is formed, and the main body. A plurality of engaging portions 7 provided at several locations of the portion 6, and the respective engaging portions 7 .. are disposed on the wooden horizontal member 1 so as to avoid the upper side of the through hole 3. The engaging portions 7 are provided corresponding to the left and right sides of the through-hole 3 and the lower side of the through-hole 3 where the tensile force is likely to be generated when bending stress and / or shear stress is applied. ··· sandwiches the cracking site 20 ·· of the wooden horizontal member 1 extending radially from the through hole 3 Characterized in that it has a plurality of pawls 11, 11 bite into the side surface 2 of the wooden horizontal member 1 in the.

Further, each of the engaging portions 7 is formed by punching and bending the main body portion 6, and the amount of protrusion P from the plate surface of the claws 11 and 11 in each of the engaging portions 7 It is about 5 mm.

  In the reinforcing structure according to the present invention, when reinforcing plates are attached to both side surfaces of a wooden horizontal member, a plurality of claws, for example, with a protruding amount of about 5 mm in each engaging portion, are bitten into the side surface of the wooden horizontal member. Therefore, even if the number of screws or the like for fixing the reinforcing plate is reduced, bending stress and shearing stress acting on the wooden horizontal member can be efficiently transmitted to the reinforcing plate via the plurality of claws. In addition, the claw of each engaging portion bites into the side surface of the wooden horizontal member so as to sandwich the crack occurrence site of the wooden horizontal member, thereby suppressing the occurrence and expansion of cracks in the wooden horizontal member. Can do.

  As a result, both reinforcing plates reliably bear the bending and shear stress acting on the wooden horizontal member while reducing the strength of the wooden horizontal member itself and reducing the strength of the wooden horizontal member itself. The crack of the wooden horizontal member can be suppressed, and the strength performance equivalent to the non-porous horizontal member can be ensured despite the perforated horizontal member having the through holes. Therefore, even if it is a perforated horizontal member, it can be handled in the same way as a non-perforated horizontal member. There is no need to review anything, and it is possible to eliminate the trouble that the structure plan becomes complicated by the facility plan. Furthermore, when the number of screws or the like for fixing the reinforcing plate is reduced, the work of attaching the reinforcing plate to the wooden horizontal member becomes simple, and the workability can be improved.

  In addition, each engaging portion is provided corresponding to a location where a tensile force is easily generated when bending stress and / or shear stress is applied to the wooden horizontal member, and each location where the tensile force is easily generated is provided. By engaging the claws of the engaging part, the bending stress and shear stress acting on the wooden horizontal member can be more reliably transmitted to the reinforcing plate, and the resistance of the wooden horizontal member to bending stress and shear stress can be increased. It can be further enhanced.

  Furthermore, by forming each engaging portion by punching and bending, a reinforcing plate with claws can be easily manufactured, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a reinforcing structure of a wooden horizontal member 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The horizontal member 1 is used as a beam, a base, or the like in a wooden building, and is made of a laminated material having a substantially rectangular cross section in which a plurality of strip-like laminaes are stacked and joined together. In the horizontal member 1, a through hole 3 for piping or wiring insertion is formed substantially horizontally across the side surfaces 2 and 2 along the opposing longitudinal direction. The horizontal member 1 is not limited to the laminated material, and may be a solid material.

  Reinforcing plates 5 and 5 are attached around the through holes 3 on both side surfaces 2 and 2 of the horizontal member 1, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the reinforcing plate 5 includes a substantially flat plate-like main body portion 6 made of a steel plate and a plurality of engaging portions 7... Provided at several locations on the main body portion 6. .

  The main body 6 has a lateral width W of about 340 mm, a height H of about 175 mm, and a thickness T of about 2 mm to 3 mm, and a substantially U-shaped opening corresponding to the through hole 3 at the approximate center thereof. 8 is formed. The diameter L of the opening 8 is about 140 mm.

  Each engaging portion 7 is formed by punching and bending the main body portion 6 and opposes two short claws 11 and 11 that bite into the side surface 2 of the horizontal member 1 around the substantially circular hole 10. The shape is arranged. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, each engaging portion 7 is formed by punching several portions of the main body portion 6 leaving the claw portions 11a and 11a and bending the claw portions 11a and 11a in the same direction. ing. As shown in FIG. 6, the protrusions P from the plate surface of the claws 11, 11 in each of the engaging portions 7. The diameter of the hole 10 is about 30 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 4, these engaging portions 7... Are provided at a total of 18 locations including 16 locations on the left and right sides sandwiching the opening 8 of the main body 6 and 2 locations below the opening 8. . Specifically, on the right side of the opening 8 of the main body 6, there are a total of eight engaging portions 7... With two in the width direction and four in the height direction. On the left side across the opening 8 of the main body 6, there are provided a total of eight engaging portions 7... With two in the width direction and four in the height direction. On the lower side of the opening 8 of the main body 6, two pieces are provided at intervals in the width direction so as to avoid a position directly below the center of the opening 8.

  Of the eight engaging portions 7 on the right side across the opening 8 of the main body 6, the upper two engaging portions 7, 7 have their claws 11, 11 in the vertical direction. The remaining six engaging portions 7... Are opposed to each other in the direction of 45 degrees to the right with respect to the vertical direction. Of the eight engaging portions 7 on the left side across the opening 8 of the main body 6, the uppermost two engaging portions 7, 7 have their claws 11, 11 in the vertical direction. The claws 11 and 11 are arranged opposite to each other in the direction of 45 degrees to the left with respect to the vertical direction. Of the two engaging portions 7 and 7 below the opening 8 of the main body 6, the right engaging portion 7 has its claws 11 and 11 facing diagonally to the right at 75 degrees with respect to the vertical direction. The left engaging portion 7 is disposed so that its claws 11 and 11 are opposed to each other in a direction obliquely 75 degrees to the left with respect to the vertical direction.

  Further, in the reinforcing plate 5, screw insertion holes 12... Are formed at a total of eight places, four on the right side across the opening 8 of the main body 6 and four on the left side across the opening 8 of the main body 6. Is formed. These screw insertion holes 12... Are formed between the engaging portions 7 provided at intervals in the width direction.

  When the reinforcing plate 5 having the above structure is attached to the horizontal member 1, the reinforcing plate 5 is aligned with the through hole 3 of the horizontal member 1 so that the reinforcing plate 5 is aligned with the side surface 2 of the horizontal member 1. 8 screws 15... Inserted into the screw insertion holes 12... Of the reinforcing plate 5 are screwed into the side surface 2 of the horizontal member 1 so that a total of 36 short claws 11. -Is made to bite into the side surface 2 of the horizontal member 1. Therefore, even if the number of screws 15... Screwed into the horizontal member 1 is reduced to about eight in the conventional case of about 30 to 60, bending stress and shear stress acting on the horizontal member 1 are reduced. It can be efficiently transmitted to the reinforcing plate 5 through the plurality of claws 11. Accordingly, the reinforcing plate 5 reliably bears bending stress and shear stress acting on the horizontal member 1 while reducing damage to the fibers of the horizontal member 1 and suppressing a decrease in strength of the horizontal member 1 itself. Can do. When the reinforcing plate 5 is attached to the horizontal member 1, instead of using the screws 15..., Bolts and nuts may be used, or the side plate 2 of the horizontal member 1 may be bonded with an adhesive. .

  FIG. 7 shows crack generation sites 20... Around the through-hole 3 when bending stress or shear stress is applied to the horizontal member 1. These crack generation sites 20... Are formed so as to extend radially from the through hole 3 around the through hole 3 (so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the tangential direction of the through hole 3). In the state where the reinforcing plate 5 is bonded to the horizontal member 1 as described above, the claws 11 of the engaging portions 7... It is arranged so as to be opposed substantially in the tangential direction so as to sandwich the crack occurrence site 20... Of the horizontal member 1, whereby the occurrence and expansion of cracks in the horizontal member 1 can be suppressed.

  The range indicated by the fine dots in FIG. 9 indicates the portion where the tensile force is likely to be generated around the through-hole 3 of the horizontal member 1 when bending stress is applied, and the range indicated by the fine dots in FIG. The part which the tensile force in the through-hole 3 periphery of the horizontal member 1 when a stress acts is easy to generate | occur | produce is shown. That is, locations where tensile force is easily generated when bending stress or shear stress is applied are mainly located on both sides and the lower side of the through hole 3. In the state in which the reinforcing plate 5 is bonded to the horizontal member 1 as described above, as shown in FIG. 11, each engaging portion 7 .. corresponds to a place where the tensile force of the horizontal member 1 is easily generated. The nail | claw 11 ... which is located and bites into the place where this tensile force is easy to generate | occur | produce can come to transmit efficiently the bending stress and shear stress which act on the horizontal member 1 to the reinforcement plate 5. FIG. Yes.

  FIG. 12 shows a reinforcing plate 30 according to another embodiment. In the reinforcing plate 30, each engaging portion 7 has three claws 11. The three claws 11... In each of the engaging portions 7... Are arranged at equal intervals around the substantially circular hole 10.

  In a state in which the reinforcing plate 30 is bonded to the horizontal member 1, as shown in FIG. 13, at least two of the three claws 11 ··· of the respective engaging portions 7 ··· that bite into the horizontal member 1 are provided. The nail | claws 11 and 11 are arrange | positioned so that the crack generation | occurrence | production site | part 20 ... of the horizontal member 1 may be pinched | interposed, and the generation | occurrence | production and expansion of the crack in the horizontal member 1 are suppressed by this. In addition, the other structure and effect are the same as that of the case of the reinforcement plate 5 shown in FIG. 3, and the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the member which has the function similar to the reinforcement plate 5 in FIG.12 and FIG.13.

  14 and 15 show reinforcing plates 40 and 50 according to still another embodiment. In the reinforcing plates 5 and 30 described above, the height is reduced to about 175 mm in order to avoid joists spanned over the horizontal member 1. However, in these reinforcing plates 40 and 50, the height is 220 mm. The substantially circular openings 42 and 52 corresponding to the through holes 3 are formed in the approximate center of the main body portions 41 and 51.

  And the engaging part 7 ... is provided in a total of 22 places, 20 places on both the left and right sides sandwiching the openings 42, 52 of the main bodies 41, 51 and two places below the openings 42, 52. Specifically, on the right side across the openings 42 and 52 of the main body portions 41 and 51, two engaging portions in the width direction and five engaging portions in the height direction, a total of ten engaging portions. 7 on the left side across the openings 42 and 52 of the main body portions 41 and 51, two in the width direction and five in the height direction and a total of ten units. Two joint portions 7 are provided below the openings 42 and 52 of the main body portions 41 and 51 so as to avoid a position directly below the centers of the openings 42 and 52 and are spaced apart in the width direction. .

  Further, in the reinforcing plates 40 and 50, four positions on the right side across the openings 42 and 52 of the main body portions 41 and 51, four positions on the left side across the openings 42 and 52 of the main body portions 41 and 51, and the openings 42 and 52. Screw insertion holes 12... Are formed in a total of nine locations, one on the lower side. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the reinforcing plates 5 and 30 shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, and members having the same functions as those of the reinforcing plates 5 and 30 in FIGS. It is attached.

  FIG. 16 shows experimental results when bending experiments were performed on various test specimens. As a test body, it is a defect-free horizontal member that does not have a through-hole and has no reinforcement "No1", a defect-free horizontal member 1 that has a through-hole 3 and has no reinforcement, "No2", “No3”, a through-hole, which is a horizontal member 1 having a through-hole 3 and reinforced by the reinforcing plates 5 and 40 (having two claws 11 and 11 at each engaging portion 7...) 3 is a horizontal member 1 having a defect and is reinforced by the reinforcing plates 30 and 50 (having three claws 11... In each engaging portion 7. “No5” is prepared which is a horizontal member 1 having defects and reinforced by a reinforcing plate that is fastened only by conventional screws (about 33 to 62).

  As a result of the experiment, the test No. 1 has a maximum load of 120 kN to 130 kN when a crack occurs, and the test No. 2 has a maximum load of 85 kN to 100 kN and a test of “No 3”. The maximum load when a crack occurs in a body is 110 kN to 130 kN, the maximum load when a crack occurs in a "No4" test body is 115 kN to 140 kN, and the maximum load when a crack occurs in a "No5" test body Was 95 kN to 105 kN. As is clear from the experimental results, even the horizontal member 1 having a very large through hole 3 with a cross-sectional defect rate of 40%, the above reinforcing plates 5, 30, 40, 50 are bonded together to be reinforced. Therefore, it is possible to maintain a bending strength equivalent to that of a non-destructive horizontal member having no through-hole, and thus it is possible to handle the perforated horizontal member 1 in the same manner as the non-porous horizontal member. Become.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it is needless to say that many modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiment within the scope of the present invention.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the reinforcement structure of the horizontal member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view similarly. It is a perspective view of a reinforcement plate. It is a front view of a reinforcement plate. It is a figure which shows the punching state of the main-body part of a reinforcement plate. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view around the engaging part of a reinforcement plate. It is a front view which shows the crack generation | occurrence | production site | part of a horizontal member. It is a front view which shows the positional relationship of the crack generation | occurrence | production site | part of a horizontal member, and the nail | claw of a reinforcement plate. It is a front view which shows the location where the tensile force in the periphery of the through-hole of a horizontal member when a bending stress acts is easy to generate | occur | produce. It is a front view which shows the location where the tensile force in the periphery of the through-hole of a horizontal member when a shear stress acts is easy to generate | occur | produce. It is a front view which shows the positional relationship of the location where the tensile force of a horizontal member tends to generate | occur | produce, and the engaging part of a reinforcement plate. It is a front view of the reinforcement plate which concerns on another embodiment. It is a front view which shows the positional relationship of the crack generation | occurrence | production site | part of a horizontal member, and the nail | claw of a reinforcement plate. It is a front view of the reinforcement plate (two claws) which concerns on another embodiment. It is a front view of the reinforcement plate (three claws) which concerns on another embodiment. It is a figure which shows the experimental result when performing a bending experiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1 .. Wooden horizontal member 2 .. Side surface 3 .. Through hole 5, 30, 40, 50 .. Reinforcement plate, 6, 41, 51 .. Main body part 7 .. Engagement part 8, 42, 52 ... Opening, 11 ... Nail, 20 ... Crack generation site, P ... Overhang amount

Claims (2)

For the wooden horizontal member (1) in which the through hole (3) is formed between the opposite side surfaces (2) and (2), on both side surfaces (2) and (2) of the wooden horizontal member (1) Reinforcing structure in which reinforcing plates (5) and (5) are bonded to each other around the through hole (3), and each of the reinforcing plates (5) and (5) has an opening (8) corresponding to the through hole (3). And a plurality of engaging portions (7...) Provided at several places on the main body portion (6), each of the engaging portions (7. The through-hole (3) which becomes a place where a tensile force is easily generated when bending stress and / or shear stress is applied to the wooden horizontal member (1) so as to avoid the upper side of the hole (3) the provided corresponding to the lower right and left sides and the through hole (3) sandwiched, each of the engaging portions (7 ...) are extended radially from the through hole (3) The wooden horizontal member so as to sandwich the cracking sites (1) (20 ...) has a pawl (11) (11) a plurality of biting into the side (2) of the wooden horizontal member (1) that Reinforced structure of wooden horizontal material characterized by The respective engaging portions (7...) Are formed by punching and bending the main body portion (6), and the plate surfaces of the claws (11) (11) in the respective engaging portions (7. The reinforcing structure for a wooden horizontal member according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of protrusion (P) from the base is about 5 mm .