JP2018204397A - Wood-steel hybrid structure and method for constructing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a wood-steel hybrid structure and a method for constructing the same, which are free from brittle fracture without fear of splitting wood during joining work. A wood-steel hybrid structure 10 in which wood members 12A, 12B and a steel member 14 are joined, and a pair of wood members 12A, 12B to be pressed with the steel member 14 interposed therebetween. In addition, a roughening portion 16 is formed on the surface of the steel member 14 in contact with the wooden members 12A and 12B. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood-steel hybrid structure formed by joining a wood member and a steel member, and a construction method thereof.

  Conventionally, various types of hybrid structures (wood-steel hybrid structures) of a wooden structure and a steel structure have been proposed in order to cope with an increase in the size of a wooden building (mid-to-high-rise building). In such a hybrid structure, it is necessary to join a steel member and a wooden member at a member level (column, beam) or a frame level.

  FIG. 3 is an example of a conventional wood-steel hybrid beam, and FIG. 4 is an example of a joint structure of a conventional wooden earthquake-resistant wall and a steel structure frame. FIG. 4 corresponds to the one proposed by the present patent applicant in Patent Document 1. As shown in these figures, for joining the wooden member 1 and the steel plate 2, a method using a bearing bolt 3, a drift pin 4, a lag screw bolt 5, a glue-in rod (adhesive filled anchor), a nail or an adhesive There are methods such as attaching directly to the surface with an agent.

  In the case of joining methods using steel bars such as the above drift pins and lag screw bolts, it is necessary to pay attention to the work because the wood near the pilot hole may break during the work of installing the pins and bolts on the wood. Yes, there was a risk of hindering workability.

  FIG. 5 is an outline of the structural experiment of the wood-steel hybrid joint shown in Non-Patent Document 1. (A) is a joint outline, (b) is a force application method, (c) is a load deformation relationship, and (d) is a destructive property at the end. As shown to (a) of this figure, this test body consists of H-shaped steel, a steel plate, and a wooden beam, and the reaction force of the end of a wooden beam is H-shaped through a bearing plate, a bolt, a high nut, and a rib. It is configured to transmit to steel. Coach bolts are inserted and arranged at the ends of the wooden beams to reinforce the bearing section.

  This specimen is an example of a structure with insufficient proof strength around the pins and bolts. However, due to local indentation caused by the applied force, as shown in FIG. Appears and deformation increases. As shown in (d), in the final state, the wood is split at the stress concentration part near the steel rod, and there is a tendency to break brittlely. In order to improve the structural performance of the building, it is necessary to suppress the deformation of the building at the time of the earthquake and to avoid the brittle failure mode even at the end of the event.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-218824 (unpublished at present)

Kawauchi, et al .: Development of joints using the bearing pressure at the end of beams (Parts 1 to 3), Abstracts of Annual Conference of Architectural Institute of Japan, Structure III, pp. 149-154, 2014

  For this reason, there has been a demand for the development of a wood-steel hybrid structure that does not have to worry about the splitting of wood during joining work, is easy to work, and can avoid a brittle fracture mode even at the end. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is free from brittle fracture without worrying about splitting of wood during joining work and a method for constructing the same. To do.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention is a wood-steel hybrid structure formed by joining a wood member and a steel member, and the steel member is A pair of wood members that are sandwiched and sandwiched therebetween are provided, and a roughening portion that is bitten by the wood member is formed on the surface of the steel member that contacts the wood member.

  In the wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, the roughening portion is a needle-like protrusion in the above-described invention.

  Another wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described invention, the needle-like protrusions are needle-like protrusions having a weight shape, a tetrapot shape, or a burr shape.

  Moreover, the construction method of the wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention is a method of constructing the above-described wood-steel hybrid structure, the step of forming a roughening portion on the surface of the steel member, and the roughening portion. A step of sandwiching the formed steel member with a pair of wooden members, and a step of pressing the pair of wooden members and the steel member together so that the roughening portion of the steel member is engaged with the wooden member and integrated. It is characterized by providing.

  The wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention is a wood-steel hybrid structure formed by joining a wood member and a steel member, and includes a pair of wood members that are crimped with the steel member interposed therebetween. The surface of the steel member that is in contact with the wooden member is provided with a roughening portion that is bitten by the wooden member, so that the wooden member and the steel member can be integrated simply by pressure bonding. For this reason, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is easy to join, does not have to worry about splitting of wood during the work, and is less likely to cause brittle fracture.

  Further, according to another wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, the roughening portion is a needle-like protrusion, and therefore can be mechanically formed using a processing device such as an NC lathe or a press machine. The effect is that the steel hybrid structure can be constructed inexpensively and easily.

  In addition, according to another wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, the needle-like protrusions are needle-like protrusions having a weight shape, a tetrapot shape, or a burr shape, and therefore can be mechanically formed using a processing apparatus, The wood-steel hybrid structure can be constructed inexpensively and easily.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, it is a method of constructing the above-described wood-steel hybrid structure, the step of forming a roughening portion on the surface of the steel member, and the roughening A step of sandwiching a steel member forming a portion with a pair of wooden members, and a pair of wooden members and a steel member are bonded to each other so that the roughing portion of the steel member is engaged with the wooden member and integrated. Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is easy to join, does not have to worry about splitting of the wood during the work, and is difficult to cause brittle fracture.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wood-steel hybrid structure and a construction method thereof according to the present invention, (1) is an exploded perspective view, (2) is an enlarged perspective view of a central steel plate, and (3) is a perspective view. It is an expansion perspective view of the modification of a center steel plate. FIG. 2 is a view showing an embodiment of a wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, where (1) is a front sectional view and (2) is a side sectional view. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional wood-steel hybrid beam. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing an example of a joint structure of a conventional wooden earthquake-resistant wall and a steel structure frame. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structural experiment of a wood-steel hybrid joint described in Non-Patent Document 1.

  The present invention is directed to a wood-steel hybrid structure, and provides a joining structure of a wooden member and a steel member that does not depend on pins or bolts and a construction method thereof, as in the above-described conventional technology.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a wood-steel hybrid structure and a construction method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (1), a wood-steel hybrid structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of plate-like wood members 12A and 12B, and a central steel plate 14 that is sandwiched between and pressed by both. (Steel member). This structure 10 is used as a beam member, for example.

  A roughening portion 16 is formed on the surface of the central steel plate 14. The roughening portion 16 includes fine sharp needle-like protrusions that are bitten by the wood members 12A and 12B when the wood members 12A and 12B and the central steel plate 14 are integrated by pressing in the thickness direction. A plurality of needle-like protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals vertically and horizontally with respect to the entire surface of the central steel plate 14 in contact with the wooden member.

  As the needle-like projections, for example, a needle-like or tetrapod-like needle-like projection 16A as shown in FIG. 1 (2) or a burr-like needle-like projection 16B as shown in (3) can be used. it can.

  The needle-like protrusions 16A and 16B can be easily formed by performing a roughening treatment on the surface of the steel plate that is the material of the central steel plate 14. For this processing, a general-purpose processing device such as an NC lathe or a press machine can be used. For example, a burr-like needle-like protrusion 16B may remain on the periphery of a through hole formed by punching a steel plate with a press machine or the like, and this steel plate may be used as the central steel plate 14. Note that the central steel plate 14 may be formed by bonding a steel plate on which the needle-like protrusions 16A and 16B are formed in advance to the surface of the steel plate as a base material.

  If the wood members 12A, 12B and the central steel plate 14 are pressed and integrated so that the needle-like protrusions bite into the wood members 12A, 12B, the wood splitting, which is a concern during conventional pin and bolt installation work, It does not occur and can be easily integrated. An adhesive may be provided at the interface between the wooden members 12A and 12B and the central steel plate 14. If an adhesive is used in combination, the bonding strength can be further improved.

  According to the present embodiment, stress transmission between the wood members 12A, 12B and the central steel plate 14 is performed by a plurality of fine needle-like projections distributed at predetermined intervals. There is no penetration or splitting around the bolt. By relaxing the slip property in the load deformation relationship described above, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the frame during an earthquake. Moreover, the safety at the time of an end can be improved by avoiding the brittle fracture by the split of wood.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the wood members 12A and 12B and the central steel plate 14 can be integrated simply by pressing in the thickness direction. For this reason, it is possible to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is easy to join, does not have to worry about splitting of wood during work, and is less likely to cause brittle fracture.

  Moreover, according to this Embodiment, a wooden member and steel members can be integrally joined, without using a drift pin, a crimping bolt, etc. like said conventional joining structure. In addition, since the number of parts such as pins and bolts is small, construction management is easy. Further, the roughening treatment of the surface of the central steel plate 14 can be mechanized with an NC lathe, a press machine, etc., and can be mass-produced at low cost. The wooden members 12A and 12B and the central steel plate 14 can be crimped at the construction site, and the degree of freedom of construction is increased. The present invention can be applied to general joining of wood and steel plates, and various variations are conceivable, and the range of applications is wide.

  In the above embodiment, the wood members 12A and 12B can be made of various kinds of wood materials such as CLT (orthogonal laminated board) and cedar. CLT is an abbreviation for Cross Laminated Timer. The CLT includes a board or a small square material (including those prepared by bonding and bonding them in the length direction so that their fiber directions are substantially parallel to each other, hereinafter referred to as lamina). This is a wooden board material that is laminated and bonded in the width direction in parallel or glued mainly with the fiber directions almost perpendicular to each other to give a structure of three or more layers, and has the feature of high earthquake and fire resistance. is there.

(Example)
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a wooden earthquake-resistant wall frame. As shown in this figure, a wooden earthquake-resistant wall frame 100 includes a wall body 18 (wooden earthquake-resistant wall) made of CLT, and an upper beam 20 whose upper and lower ends are H-shaped steel (steel beam). These are rectangular walls joined to the lower beam 22 via beam joints 24, respectively. The fiber direction of CLT is the direction in the vertical plane.

  The wall body 18 is vertically divided into an upper wall body 18A and a lower wall body 18B at a substantially center in the vertical direction. The upper wall 18A is arranged on the upper side, and the upper end is joined to the upper beam 20 at the beam joint 24, and the lower wall 18B is arranged on the lower side, and the lower end is joined to the lower beam 22 at the beam joint 24. The upper wall 18 </ b> A and the lower wall 18 </ b> B are joined by a wall joint 26 provided substantially at the center in the left-right direction of the wall 18. The wall joint portion 26 is designed so as to break before the beam joint portion 24 when a predetermined load is applied.

  The upper beam joint portion 24 is composed of a gusset plate 28 (steel plate) that is joined to the upper beam 20 and inserted from the upper end of the upper wall 18A. The roughening portions 16 are formed on both surfaces of the gusset plate 28.

  Therefore, the beam joint 24 corresponds to the wood-steel hybrid structure 10 of the above embodiment. The upper wall body 18A (lower wall body 18B) corresponds to the pair of plate-like wood members 12A and 12B, and the gusset plate 28 corresponds to the central steel plate 14 (steel member). In addition, such a structure is constructed by crimping and joining at the site if the wall 18 (wood) and the gusset plate 28 (steel plate) are divided into small parts and the crimping tool is downsized. Is possible.

  In addition, about the gusset plate 28 of the right-and-left both sides part, the insertion length to 18 A of upper wall bodies is made longer than another part. The lower beam joint 24 has the same configuration as the upper beam joint 24. The gusset plate 28 is joined to the upper beam 20 and the lower beam 22 via a plate 32 and a bolt 34.

  The wall joint portion 26 includes a gusset plate 30 (steel plate) inserted and disposed in the upper wall body 18A and the lower wall body 18B. The above-described roughening portions 16 are also formed on both surfaces of the gusset plate 30.

  Therefore, the wall joint portion 26 corresponds to the wood-steel hybrid structure 10 of the above embodiment. The upper wall body 18A (lower wall body 18B) corresponds to the pair of plate-like wood members 12A and 12B, and the gusset plate 30 corresponds to the central steel plate 14 (steel member).

  The wall joint portion 26 is designed so as to be broken prior to the upper and lower beam joint portions 24 when a predetermined excessive load is applied to the wooden earthquake resistant wall. For this reason, the CLT wall 18 does not cause brittle fracture such as splitting, and it is possible to secure a restoring force rich in toughness. For this reason, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a wooden earthquake-resistant wall frame having a very clear and simple structure capable of preventing the brittle fracture of the wall body 18.

  In particular, in this embodiment, by using a CLT having laminas orthogonal to the wall 18, this wooden earthquake resistant wall can ensure a tough restoring force that does not cause brittle fracture such as splitting. It is. For this reason, this wooden earthquake-resistant wall is effective, for example, as an earthquake-resistant element of the wooden structure of the upper floor and the third floor of a wooden middle-high-rise building. Moreover, since the wall 18 is divided | segmented up and down, a construction error can be absorbed in the position of the center wall junction part 26. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the wall 18 has a height of about 2.5 m, a width of 2 m, and a thickness of about 0.2 m. In addition, it is assumed that the height of the center position in the left-right direction of the gusset plate 28 of the beam joint 24 is about 0.3 m. Further, it is assumed that the gusset plate 30 of the wall joint 26 has a height of about 0.6 m and a width of about 1.8 m. The dimensions of the gusset plates 28 and 30 of the beam joint portion 24 and the wall joint portion 26, the specifications of the roughening portion 16, and the like can be selected as appropriate according to the required strength performance.

  When the above-mentioned wooden earthquake-resistant wall is formed, two CLTs having the same thickness are used as the upper wall body 18A and the lower wall body 18B, and the CLT is bonded from both the front and back surfaces of the gusset plate 30 of the wall joint portion 26. Can be formed. In this case, for example, two CLTs having a wall thickness of 90 mm (for example, three-layer three-ply: MX60) may be used. Since this CLT has a weight of about 85 kg per sheet, it can be attached by a craftsman by hand. Moreover, since the replacement is easy, it can be applied to the case where an existing wall body is seismically reinforced.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, a vibration control device such as a viscoelastic damper may be incorporated in a central divided portion between the upper wall body 18A and the lower wall body 18B. In this way, it becomes possible to secure a larger amount of energy absorbed by the restoring force.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where no lag screw bolt is used is described as an example unlike the conventional FIG. 4, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the beam joint portion 24, lag screw bolts 5 as shown in FIG. 4 may be provided on the left and right upper sides of the upper wall body 18A and on the left and right lower sides of the lower wall body 18B.

  In the above embodiment, the case of the beam member of the wood-steel hybrid structure in FIG. 1 and the wooden earthquake-resistant wall frame in FIG. 2 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and wood and steel materials are used. It can be applied to general joining. For example, variations such as a beam-beam joint, a column-column joint, and a column-beam joint are conceivable, and the range of applications is wide.

  As described above, according to the wood-steel hybrid structure of the present invention, it is a wood-steel hybrid structure formed by joining a wood member and a steel member, and is crimped with the steel member interposed therebetween. The surface of the steel member that comes into contact with the wooden member is formed with a roughening portion that is bitten by the wooden member, so that it can be integrated simply by crimping the wooden member and the steel member. It is. For this reason, it is possible to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is easy to join, does not have to worry about splitting of wood during work, and is less likely to cause brittle fracture.

  Further, according to another wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, the roughening portion is a needle-like protrusion, and therefore can be mechanically formed using a processing device such as an NC lathe or a press machine. Steel hybrid structure can be constructed inexpensively and easily.

  In addition, according to another wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, the needle-like protrusions are needle-like protrusions having a weight shape, a tetrapot shape, or a burr shape, and therefore can be mechanically formed using a processing apparatus, A wood-steel hybrid structure can be constructed inexpensively and easily.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the wood-steel hybrid structure according to the present invention, it is a method of constructing the above-described wood-steel hybrid structure, the step of forming a roughening portion on the surface of the steel member, and the roughening The step of sandwiching the steel member forming the portion with a pair of wooden members and the pair of the wooden members and the steel member are bonded to each other so that the roughening portion of the steel member is engaged with the wooden member and integrated. Therefore, it is possible to provide a wood-steel hybrid structure that is easy to join, does not have to worry about splitting of the wood during the work, and hardly causes brittle fracture.

  As described above, the wood-steel hybrid structure and the construction method thereof according to the present invention are useful for the joining structure of a wooden structure and a steel structure used for a wooden building or the like, and in particular, there is a concern about splitting of wood during joining work. It is suitable for avoiding brittle fracture.

10 Wood-steel hybrid structure 12A, 12B Wood member 14 Central steel plate (steel member)
16 roughening portion 16A, 16B acicular projection 18 wall 18A upper wall 18B lower wall 20 upper beam 22 lower beam 24 beam joint 26 wall joint 28, 30 gusset plate (steel member)
32 Plate 34 Bolt 100 Wooden earthquake-resistant wall frame

Claims (4)

A wood-steel hybrid structure formed by joining a wooden member and a steel member,
A wood comprising a pair of wood members that are pressed against each other with a steel member interposed therebetween, and a roughening portion that is bitten by the wood member is formed on a surface of the steel member that contacts the wood member -Steel hybrid structure.   The wood-steel hybrid structure according to claim 1, wherein the roughening portion is a needle-like protrusion.   3. The wood-steel hybrid structure according to claim 2, wherein the needle-like protrusions are spindle-like, tetrapod-like, or burr-like needle-like protrusions. A method for constructing a wood-steel hybrid structure according to claims 1-3,
A step of forming a roughening portion on the surface of the steel member, a step of sandwiching the steel member having the roughening portion between a pair of wooden members, and a pressure-bonding of the pair of wooden members and the steel member. And a step of integrating the roughening portion of the made member into the wooden member, and a method for constructing the wood-steel hybrid structure.