JP5233497B2 - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor including a stator and a rotor.

An electric motor provided with a stator and a rotor has been more widely used than before (see Patent Document 1). The stator winding is provided in a plurality of stator slots formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stator. On the other hand, the rotor is rotatably provided on the inner peripheral side of the stator, and a rotor winding is wound in a plurality of rotor slots formed on the outer peripheral surface. Further, a wedge (holding member) is attached to the rotor slot so as to be positioned on the outer peripheral side of the rotor winding wound around the rotor slot, and the rotor winding is held.
When the electric motor is operated and the rotor rotates, centrifugal force acts on the rotor winding wound around the rotor slot and tries to move in the outer circumferential direction of the rotor slot. The holding member attached to the rotor slot has a function of holding the rotor winding and preventing movement in the outer circumferential direction.
JP-A-9-84312

However, when the rotational speed of the rotor increases, the centrifugal force acting on the rotor winding also increases rapidly. This is particularly noticeable in an electric motor with a large diameter rotating part of the rotor.
In order to prevent the rotor winding from moving in the outer circumferential direction against the generated centrifugal force, it is necessary to increase the strength of the holding member and improve the holding force. Therefore, a holding member becomes large and the material is also limited. In addition, the rotor winding itself needs to use a square wire or the like that is difficult to move, resulting in high cost of the electric motor.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a low-cost electric motor.

The electric motor according to the present invention is attached to the teeth of the rotor so as to be positioned radially outward of the rotor winding and the rotor winding, which are wound in multiple layers in the radial direction. A plurality of winding holding members.
As a result, since the rotor windings are wound in a plurality of layers, the weight of the rotor windings of each layer can be reduced, and the holding member that holds the rotor windings of each layer can be reduced in size. The degree of freedom of selection increases. Furthermore, the rotor winding itself is not limited to a square wire or the like, and various types can be used, so that a low-cost electric motor can be obtained.

Further, on the facing surfaces of the pair of teeth suits Ri adjacent are respectively a plurality of slits formed, between which facing between of slits teeth, open at one end of at least the same side of the axial direction of the rotor The both ends of the winding holding member are inserted into the opposing slits from the axial end of the rotor, so that the winding holding member is installed between adjacent teeth.
Accordingly, the winding holding member can be easily attached to the teeth by inserting the winding holding member into the slit from the opening and moving the winding holding member in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor.

Moreover, winding holding member located on the inner peripheral side of the winding holding members and it is positioned on the outermost peripheral side of the rotor after it is inserted into the slits, by caulking each tooth is fixed to the tooth .
As a result, the winding holding member can be attached to the rotor only by caulking the teeth, and the winding holding member can be easily fixed.

Further, in the electric motor according to the present invention, the plurality of winding holding members attached at different positions in the radial direction of the teeth are connected in the radial direction between the adjacent rotor windings between the teeth by a connecting portion. .
Thereby, the plurality of winding holding members attached at different positions in the radial direction are connected to each other, thereby improving the rigidity of the winding holding member while securing the winding space of the rotor winding, The rotor winding can be held firmly.

Further, in the electric motor according to the present invention, a plurality of winding holding members attached at different positions in the radial direction are connected to each other, and the fixed portion has a radius from the winding holding member located on the innermost peripheral side of the rotor. It extends inward in the direction, and the distal end portion of the fixed portion is engaged with the core portion at the rotation center of the rotor.
As a result, a plurality of winding holding members attached at different positions in the radial direction are integrally fixed to the core portion, so that the winding holding can be performed while securing a winding space for the rotor winding. The rigidity of the member can be further improved, and the rotor winding can be held more firmly.

In the electric motor according to the present invention, the rotor windings of the plurality of layers are connected in parallel to each other, and both ends of each rotor winding are short-circuited to form a closed circuit, and a current flowing in the closed circuit A rectifying element that regulates the current in one direction is provided, and a multiphase AC current that forms a rotating magnetic field and an excitation current with a different waveform are applied to the stator winding, and the excitation current that flows through the stator winding The alternating current induced in the rotor winding by the current is rectified by the rectifying element, and a field pole is formed in the rotor.
As a result, the alternating current induced in the rotor winding is rectified by the rectifying element by the exciting current energized in the stator winding, and a field pole is formed in the rotor. Among the generated field magnetic fluxes, there is a leakage magnetic flux that does not pass through the core portion of the rotor. Usually, the leakage magnetic flux is not effective for forming the field magnetic pole.

  However, since the rotor winding is wound in multiple layers in the radial direction with respect to the teeth, the rotor winding located on the outer peripheral side uses the leakage flux that does not pass through the core as an effective magnetic flux. In addition, by increasing the field magnetic flux, the current after rectification induced in the rotor winding located on the outer peripheral side can be increased. Accordingly, the rotational torque of the rotor can be increased by increasing the current of the rotor winding.

In the electric motor according to the present invention, a rectifying element is provided between each rotor winding and a connection point between the rotor windings, and all the rectifying elements are arranged between the rotor windings. It is formed in such a direction as to allow only a current flowing from one connection point to the other connection point.
As a result, the rectifying elements connected to the respective rotor windings prevent the generation of a circulating current flowing between the rotor windings connected in parallel, and the rectified elements after the rectification induced in the rotor windings are prevented. A decrease in current can be prevented.

<Embodiment 1>
The electric motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The electric motor according to the present embodiment is a field winding type synchronous machine of an armature winding feeding system. FIG. 1 shows a sectional view in the direction of the rotation axis of the same machine (electric motor). This synchronous machine is applied to a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, an electric vehicle, etc. as a vehicle driving power generator, but is not limited to this.
In FIG. 1, a motor case 1 is combined with a case lid 2 to form a housing of the present invention. A stator 3 (corresponding to the stator of the present invention) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the motor case 1, and a plurality of slots 4 (shown in FIG. 2) formed in the stator 3 are armature windings 5 (the present invention). Is wound so as to face the rotor 6 described later in the radial direction.

  On the other hand, the rotor 6 is rotatably attached to the motor case 1 and the case lid 2. The rotor 6 is fitted to the rotor shaft 8 and the rotor shaft 8 that are rotatably attached to the motor case 1 and the case lid 2 via a pair of bearings 7 a and 7 b, and is formed at the rotation center of the rotor 6. And a core portion 9 (corresponding to the core portion of the present invention). A plurality of teeth 10 (corresponding to the teeth of the present invention) extend radially from the core portion 9.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of field windings 11 and 12 (corresponding to the rotor windings of the present invention) are wound around each tooth 10. The field windings 11 and 12 are wound around the respective teeth 10 separately in two layers in the radial direction of the rotor 6. In the present embodiment, the teeth 10 are formed so as to form a plurality of pairs of field poles (magnetic salient poles), and the field windings 11 and 12 rotate around the teeth portion 10 so as to form a field magnetic flux. It is wound in a square shape. Since the structure and operation of this type of field winding type synchronous machine are well known, further explanation is omitted.

  The slightly curved plate-shaped inner peripheral holding member 13 (corresponding to the winding holding member of the present invention together with the outer peripheral holding member 14) is made of aluminum or the like, and is formed with respect to the field winding 11 on the inner peripheral side. It is constructed between a pair of adjacent teeth 10 so as to be located radially outward. A plurality of slits 10 a and 10 b extending in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 6 (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2) are formed on the opposing surfaces of the adjacent teeth 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of slits 10 a and 10 b face each other between adjacent teeth 10.

  Between adjacent teeth 10, a pair of inner circumferential side slits 10 a facing each other is open at one end on at least the same side in the rotation axis direction. By inserting both ends of the inner peripheral holding member 13 into the slit 10a on the inner peripheral side from the opening at the end in the rotational axis direction of the rotor 6 and moving it in the rotational axis direction, the inner peripheral holding member 13 is moved. It can be erected between adjacent teeth 10. The inner circumferential holding member 13 extends in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 6, covers the entire outer circumferential surface of the field winding 11, and resists the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotor 6, against the field winding 11. Hold.

Similarly, the slightly curved plate-shaped outer peripheral holding member 14 is formed of aluminum or the like, and is formed between the pair of adjacent teeth 10 so as to be located radially outward with respect to the outer field winding 12. It is built between.
Between adjacent teeth 10, a pair of outer peripheral slits 10 b facing each other is also open at one end on at least the same side in the rotation axis direction. By inserting both end portions of the outer peripheral side holding member 14 into the outer peripheral side slit 10b from the opening at the end portion in the rotational axis direction of the rotor 6 and moving the outer side holding member 14 in the rotational axis direction, the outer peripheral side holding member 14 is adjacent to each other. It can be installed between the teeth 10. The outer circumferential holding member 14 extends in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 6, covers the entire outer circumferential surface of the field winding 12, and resists the field winding 12 against the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotor 6. Hold.

After the outer peripheral holding member 14 is inserted into the slit 10b on the outer peripheral side, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral end of the tooth 10 is caulked inward in the radial direction to be firmly fixed to the tooth 10. The The inner peripheral holding member 13 is supported by the outer peripheral field winding 12 even if centrifugal force is applied, and therefore, the inner peripheral holding member 13 may not be caulked against the teeth 10. When it is caulked to 10, the field winding 11 on the inner peripheral side can be held more firmly.
As shown in FIG. 1, the rotation sensor 15 is a sensor that detects the rotational position of the rotor 6. The rotation sensor 15 is arranged facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic ring plate fixed to the rotor shaft 8 and formed with magnetic salient poles at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction, and detects the passage of the magnetic salient poles. The rotational position of the rotor 6 is detected and a detection signal is transmitted to the controller 31.

The inverter 30 controls the armature current of the armature winding 5 based on a signal from the controller 31, and the DC power source 32 is a power source that supplies necessary power to the inverter 30. The DC power source 32 is formed by a power source 33 and a booster circuit 34 that boosts the voltage of the power source 33 to a desired voltage.
The armature winding 5 has a three-phase winding, and the controller 31 supplies an inverter 30 to energize the armature winding 5 with an armature current corresponding to the rotational position of the rotor 6 obtained from the rotation sensor 15. Is intermittently controlled.

As shown in FIG. 4, the end portions of the inner peripheral field winding 11 and the outer peripheral field winding 12 are connected in parallel with each other. Moreover, both ends of the field windings 11 and 12 are short-circuited to form a closed circuit. Further, the closed circuit is provided with a diode 16 (corresponding to the rectifying element of the present invention) that regulates the current flowing in the closed circuit in one direction.
A circuit for driving the field winding type synchronous machine is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 35 is a smoothing capacitor. The three-phase inverter 30 described above has a total of three upper arm elements and a total of three lower arm elements, and each arm element is composed of an IGBT and a flywheel diode. Of course, each arm element may be replaced with a MOS transistor.

  The inverter 30 energizes the armature winding 5 with a special AC current (rotor excitation current) in order to induce an AC voltage in the field windings 11 and 12. Therefore, the armature current flowing through the armature winding 5 corresponds to the synchronous current (corresponding to the polyphase alternating current of the present invention) and the rotor exciting current (corresponding to the exciting current of the present invention), which are current components for torque generation. )). More specifically, the synchronous current flowing in the armature winding 5 is a three-phase alternating current that forms a rotating magnetic field, and the rotor excitation current is a predetermined time shorter than one cycle of the three-phase alternating current. The currents with different waveforms are superimposed on the three-phase alternating current only for the interval.

  An example of energization control of the three-phase armature current by the inverter 30 will be described with reference to FIG. 41 is a U-phase armature current, 42 is a V-phase armature current, 43 is a fundamental wave current (synchronous current) of the W-phase armature current, and 51 to 53 are electric motors of respective phases. This is a rotor excitation current for each phase superimposed on the child currents 41 to 43. In this embodiment, the rotor excitation current 51 is superimposed on the V-phase armature current, the rotor excitation current 52 is superimposed on the U-phase armature current, and the rotor excitation current 53 is superimposed on the W-phase armature current.

  These rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 have a higher frequency than the frequency of the armature currents 41 to 43 which are synchronous currents (fundamental currents), and in this embodiment, have a pulse-like waveform. The AC magnetic field formed by energizing the armature winding 5 with the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 is linked to the field windings 11 and 12 to generate an AC voltage in the field windings 11 and 12. .

Since the field windings 11 and 12 are short-circuited via the diode 16, the AC voltage induced in the field windings 11 and 12 is half-wave rectified by the diode 16, and current flows only in one direction. The rotor 6 is excited in a predetermined direction to form a pair of field poles on the rotor 6. Thereby, one of the pair of teeth 10 of the rotor 6 is excited to the N pole and the other is excited to the S pole.
That is, in this embodiment, the field magnetic flux is formed by energizing the rotor exciting currents 51 to 53 to the armature winding 5 and rectifying the induction AC voltage of the field windings 11 and 12. It is desirable that the pulse-shaped energization is instantaneously performed at a phase that does not generate torque in the rotor 6. FIG. 7 shows a combined phase current waveform obtained by combining the fundamental wave currents (synchronous currents) 41 to 43 and the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 shown in FIG.

  The amplitude of the composite phase current waveform of each phase is preferably set to a level that does not exceed the amplitude of the fundamental currents 41 to 43. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. Except for a period in which the amplitude is in the vicinity of the peak value, the pulsed rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 may be applied. The operation method of the electric motor according to this embodiment described above is described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-185082 which is a Japanese published patent publication.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the electric motor according to the present embodiment, the alternating magnetic field formed by energizing the armature winding 5 with the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 is linked to the field windings 11 and 12. In this case, of the magnetic flux passing through the teeth 10 of the rotor 6, the magnetic flux φ 1 passing through the core portion 9 becomes an effective field magnetic flux for the inner peripheral field winding 11 and the outer peripheral field winding 12. Needless to say.
Furthermore, in the electric motor according to the present embodiment, when the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 are energized to the armature winding 5, the leakage flux φ 2 that does not pass through the core portion 9 out of the magnetic flux passing through the teeth 10 of the rotor 6 is also By interlinking with the field winding 12 on the side, an effective field magnetic flux is obtained for the field winding 12 on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, the rotational torque of the rotor 6 can be increased by increasing the field flux by utilizing the leakage flux φ2 and increasing the current after rectification flowing in the field winding 12 on the outer peripheral side. it can.

According to the present embodiment, the field windings 11 and 12 wound in two layers in the radial direction on the teeth 10 of the rotor 6 and the radially outer sides of the field windings 11 and 12 respectively. A plurality of holding members 13, 14 provided between the teeth 10 are provided.
As a result, the field windings 11 and 12 are wound in two layers, so that the weight of the field windings 11 and 12 in each layer can be reduced, and the field windings 11 and 12 in each layer are retained. The holding members 13 and 14 to be reduced can be reduced in size, and a soft material such as aluminum can be selected. Further, the field windings 11 and 12 themselves are not limited to square wires or the like, and various types such as aluminum wires can be used, so that a low-cost electric motor can be obtained.

In addition, a plurality of slits 10 a and 10 b are formed on the opposing surfaces of the adjacent teeth 10, and the slits 10 a and 10 b are opposed to each other between the teeth 10 at one end on at least the same side in the axial direction of the rotor 6. The holding members 13 and 14 are held between the opposing teeth 10 by inserting both end portions thereof into the slits 10a and 10b.
As a result, the holding members 13 and 14 are inserted into the slits 10a and 10b from the openings at the ends of the rotor 6 in the rotation axis direction, and moved in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 6 to thereby move the holding members 13 and 14 to the teeth. 10 can be easily mounted.

Further, the holding member 14 positioned on the outermost peripheral side of the rotor 6 is fixed to the tooth 10 by inserting the outer peripheral end of the tooth 10 radially inward after being inserted into the slit 10b.
Thereby, the holding member 14 located on the outermost peripheral side can be attached to the rotor 6 only by caulking the outer peripheral end of the tooth 10, and the holding member 14 can be easily fixed.

The two layers of field windings 11 and 12 are connected in parallel to each other and short-circuited via a diode 16, and the armature winding 5 has a multiphase AC current 41 to 41 that forms a rotating magnetic field. 43 is applied, and rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 having different waveforms are superimposed for a predetermined time shorter than one cycle of the multiphase AC currents 41 to 43, and the rotor excitation current flowing in the armature winding 5 is superimposed. The alternating current induced in the field windings 11 and 12 by the currents 51 to 53 is rectified by the diode 16 to form a field pole in the rotor 6.
As a result, of the field windings 11 and 12 formed in the two layers, the leakage flux φ2 that the field winding 12 positioned on the outer peripheral side does not pass through the core portion 9 can be used as an effective magnetic flux. The rectified current induced in the line 12 can be increased. Therefore, since the rotational torque of the rotor 6 can be increased without increasing the synchronous current energized to the armature winding 5, it is not necessary to make the inverter 30 have a high current specification or the like.

<First Modification of Embodiment 1>
FIG. 9 shows a first modification of the above-described embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, a diode 16 is provided between the connection point of the field winding 11 on the inner circumference side and the field winding 12 on the outer circumference side, and the field windings 11 and 12, respectively. It has been. Each diode 16 allows only a current (current to the left in FIG. 9) flowing from one connection point to the other connection point among the connection points of the field windings 11 and 12. In this way, they are formed so as to face the same direction.

  Thereby, the diode 16 connected to each of the field windings 11 and 12 circulates between the inner peripheral field winding 11 and the outer peripheral field winding 12 (circulating current: FIG. 9) (denoted by C <b> 1 and C <b> 2), and a decrease in current after rectification induced in the field windings 11 and 12 can be prevented.

<Second Modification of Embodiment 1>
FIG. 10 shows a second modification of the above-described embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the field winding 11 on the inner peripheral side, the field winding 12 on the outer peripheral side, and the diode 16 may be connected in series. According to this modification, although there is no effect of increasing the field magnetic flux by using the leakage magnetic flux φ2, the field windings 11 and 12 are held by the field windings 11 and 12 having two layers. The effects of the holding members 13 and 14 are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

<Embodiment 2>
Based on FIG. 11, the electric motor by Embodiment 2 of this invention is demonstrated. In the description, only differences from the first embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the central portions in the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential holding member 13 and the outer circumferential holding member 14 are integrally formed by being connected in the radial direction by a beam portion 17 (corresponding to the connecting portion of the present invention). Yes. As shown in FIG. 11, the beam portion 17 passes between the adjacent field windings 11 and 12 between the teeth 10, and connects the inner peripheral holding member 13 and the outer peripheral holding member 14. The beam portion 17 extends in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 6 (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 11), and firmly connects the inner peripheral side holding member 13 and the outer peripheral side holding member 14.
Also in the present embodiment, the integrated inner peripheral holding member 13 and outer peripheral holding member 14 are inserted into the slits 10a and 10b from the opening of the end of the rotor 6 and moved in the direction of the rotation axis. Can be attached to teeth 10.

  According to the present embodiment, the inner circumferential side holding member 13 and the outer circumferential side holding member 14 are connected to each other by the beam portion 17, thereby securing the winding space for the field windings 11 and 12 while securing the winding space. The rigidity of the members 13 and 14 can be improved, and the field windings 11 and 12 can be firmly held against the centrifugal force.

<Embodiment 3>
Based on FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the electric motor by Embodiment 3 of this invention is demonstrated. In the description, only differences from the first embodiment will be described. Each of the teeth 10A of the rotor 6A according to the present embodiment is formed slightly longer in the radial direction than the teeth 10 according to the first embodiment, and the field windings separated into three layers in the radial direction between the teeth 10A. Wires 21, 22, and 23 are wound.

  Further, a slightly curved plate-shaped inner peripheral side holding member 24 (positioned on the innermost peripheral side of the present invention so as to be positioned radially outward with respect to the field winding 22 at the intermediate position in the radial direction). (Corresponding to a winding holding member) is installed between a pair of adjacent teeth 10A. Further, a plate-like outer peripheral holding member 25 that is slightly curved so as to be located radially outward with respect to the outer field winding 23 is provided between the teeth 10A. As in the case of the second embodiment, the inner peripheral side holding member 24 and the outer peripheral side holding member 25 are arranged such that both end portions of the rotor 6A have a rotating shaft with respect to the slits 10a and 10b formed on the opposing surfaces between the teeth 10A. Inserted and held in the direction.

Moreover, the circumferential direction center part of the inner peripheral side holding member 24 and the outer peripheral side holding member 25 is connected to the radial direction by the beam part 26 (it corresponds to the connection part of this invention). Furthermore, an engaging portion 27 (corresponding to the fixing portion of the present invention) extends radially inward from the central portion of the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral holding member 24. The distal end portion of the engaging portion 27 is inserted into a holding groove 9a formed in the core portion 9A of the rotor 6A so as to extend in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 6A.
Also in this embodiment, the integrated inner peripheral holding member 24 and outer peripheral holding member 25 are inserted into the slits 10a and 10b from the opening of the end of the rotor 6A, and the distal end portion of the engaging portion 27 is inserted. Is inserted into the holding groove 9a and moved in the direction of the rotation axis so that it can be attached to the tooth 10A.

As shown in FIG. 13, the field windings 21 to 23 are connected in parallel, and these are short-circuited via the diode 16. In this circuit configuration, the alternating current generated in the field windings 21 to 23 is rectified by the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 energized in the armature winding 5, and a field pole is formed in the rotor 6A.
In the case of this embodiment, when the rotor excitation currents 51 to 53 are supplied to the armature winding 5, the leakage magnetic flux that does not pass through the core portion 9A of the rotor 6A is also in the field winding 23 on the outer peripheral side and the intermediate position. This is an effective field magnetic flux for the field winding 22. Therefore, it is possible to increase the rotational torque of the rotor 6A by using the leakage magnetic flux to increase the rectified current flowing in the field winding 23 on the outer peripheral side and the field winding 22 at the intermediate position.

In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral holding member 24 and the outer peripheral holding member 25 are connected to each other by the beam portion 26, and the engaging portion 27 extends radially inward from the inner peripheral holding member 24. The distal end portion of the engaging portion 27 is engaged with the core portion 9A.
Thereby, since the inner peripheral side holding member 24 and the outer peripheral side holding member 25 are integrally fixed to the core portion 9A, while securing the winding space of the field windings 21, 22, 23, The rigidity of the inner peripheral holding member 24 and the outer peripheral holding member 25 can be further improved, and the field windings 21, 22, 23 can be held more firmly.

  In this embodiment, even if a holding member that directly holds the inner peripheral field winding 21 is not provided, when the rotor 6A rotates, the outer periphery of the inner peripheral field winding 21 is It can be supported by the field winding 22 at the intermediate position held by the inner peripheral holding member 24. However, the holding member that directly holds the inner peripheral field winding 21 is integrally formed so as to be positioned between the inner peripheral field winding 21 and the intermediate field winding 22. By doing so, the field winding 21 on the inner peripheral side can be held more firmly.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified or expanded as follows.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a rotating field type synchronous machine has been described. However, the electric motor according to the present invention can also be applied to a rotary armature type synchronous machine. Moreover, it is applicable not only to a synchronous machine but also to an induction machine, a DC machine, and the like.

Sectional drawing at the time of cutting to the rotating shaft direction of the electric motor by Embodiment 1 of this invention Partial sectional view when cut in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the electric motor shown in FIG. Partial sectional view of FIG. Circuit diagram of field winding of motor shown in FIG. Overall circuit diagram of the motor shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a current waveform diagram separately representing a synchronous current and a rotor excitation current flowing in the armature winding of the motor shown in FIG. Current waveform diagram combining the synchronous current and rotor excitation current shown in FIG. Diagram showing magnetic flux interlinking with field winding in rotor The circuit diagram of the field winding by the 1st modification of Embodiment 1 The circuit diagram of the field winding by the 2nd modification of Embodiment 1 The fragmentary sectional view at the time of cutting in the direction perpendicular | vertical to the rotating shaft of the electric motor by Embodiment 2 The fragmentary sectional view at the time of cutting in the direction perpendicular | vertical to the rotating shaft of the rotor by Embodiment 3 Circuit diagram of field winding according to embodiment 3

Explanation of symbols

  In the drawings, 1 is a motor case (housing), 2 is a case lid (housing), 3 is a stator, 5 is an armature winding (stator winding), 6 and 6A are rotors, and 9 and 9A are core portions. , 10A are teeth, 10a and 10b are slits, 11 and 21 are inner field windings (rotor windings), 12 and 23 are outer field windings (rotor windings), and 22 is Field windings (rotor windings) at intermediate positions, 13, 24 are inner holding members (winding holding members), 14, 25 are outer holding members (winding holding members), and 16 are diodes ( Rectifying elements), 17 and 26 are beam portions (connecting portions), 27 are engaging portions (fixed portions), 41 to 43 are synchronous currents (polyphase alternating current), and 51 to 53 are rotor excitation currents (excitation currents). ).

Claims (5)

A stator provided in the housing;
A core portion rotatably attached to the housing and formed at the center of rotation; and a rotor having a plurality of teeth extending radially from the core portion;
A stator winding attached to the stator so as to face the rotor in a radial direction;
A rotor winding wound around the teeth of the rotor in multiple layers in a radial direction;
A plurality of winding holding members attached to the teeth so as to be located radially outward of each of the rotor windings;
An electric motor Ru with a,
A plurality of slits are formed on the opposing surfaces of a pair of adjacent teeth, so that the slits facing each other between the teeth are on at least the same side in the axial direction of the rotor. Open at one end,
Both ends of the winding holding member are inserted into the slits facing each other between the teeth from the axial end of the rotor, so that the winding holding member is installed between the adjacent teeth. ,
The winding holding member positioned on the outermost peripheral side of the rotor and the winding holding member positioned on the inner peripheral side thereof are inserted into the slits, and then the teeth are caulked, respectively. An electric motor characterized by being fixed to the motor. A plurality of the winding holding members attached at different positions in the radial direction of the teeth are connected in a radial direction by connecting portions between the rotor windings adjacent to each other between the teeth. The electric motor according to claim 1 . A fixed portion extends radially inward from the winding holding member located on the innermost peripheral side of the rotor, and a distal end portion of the fixed portion is engaged with the core portion. The electric motor according to claim 2 . The rotor windings of a plurality of layers are connected in parallel to each other, and both ends of each rotor winding are short-circuited to form a closed circuit, and a current flowing in the closed circuit is restricted in one direction. A rectifying element is provided,
A multi-phase alternating current that forms a rotating magnetic field is applied to the stator winding, and the multi-phase alternating current has a different waveform only for a predetermined time shorter than one cycle of the multi-phase alternating current. Excitation current is superimposed,
Claims 1 to 3 wherein the alternating current induced in the rotor winding by the exciting current flowing through the stator windings, characterized in that field pole on the rotor is rectified by the rectifying element is formed The electric motor according to any one of the above. The rectifying element is provided between each of the rotor windings and a connection point between the rotor windings, and all the rectifying elements are provided on one side of the rotor windings. 5. The electric motor according to claim 4 , wherein the electric motor is formed in a direction allowing only a current flowing from the connection point toward the other connection point.

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