JP5228654B2 - Tapered roller bearing cage and tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to the field of general industrial machines such as railway vehicles, steel machines, machine tools, construction machines, and the like, and to tapered roller bearing retainers and tapered roller bearings used in automobiles such as automobile transmissions.

  In recent years, taking into account the depletion of natural resources, there is a social demand for efforts to improve the fuel use efficiency of industrial machines including automobiles. As a bearing used in industrial machinery, tapered roller bearings can support high radial loads and axial loads, and can be used at high speed rotations. Widely used (for example, Patent Document 1).

  For the tapered roller bearing, in order to improve the fuel use efficiency, it is necessary to reduce the rotational torque that becomes the stirring resistance of the bearing. As a result, the load on the power source is reduced, and as a result, the fuel use efficiency can be improved.

  The rotational torque of tapered roller bearings is caused by the frictional resistance between the tapered roller and the inner ring and the stirring resistance of the lubricating oil staying inside the bearing. One of the causes is an increase in stirring resistance due to the skew of the tapered roller. Is mentioned.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the tapered roller bearing 100 described in Patent Document 1 holds the tapered roller 105 in a rollable manner in a pocket 104 of a press-molded metal cage 103 between an inner ring 101 and an outer ring 102. To do.

JP 2005-69421 A

  However, in the tapered roller bearing 100 described in Patent Document 1, since the roller guide diameter of the cage 103 is larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered roller 105 as shown in FIG. Due to the force acting and the thermal expansion, the column portion 106 of the cage 103 expands radially outward, and the pocket gap between the end face of the pocket 104 and the tapered roller 105 widens. Therefore, when the tapered roller 105 is skewed, the skew of the tapered roller 105 in the circumferential direction cannot be controlled by the cage guide surface 107, and the tapered roller 105 has an inner ring and an inner ring as shown by an arrow T1 in FIG. Only the radial direction is supported by the outer ring.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a tapered roller bearing retainer and a tapered roller bearing capable of suppressing the tapered roller skew and reducing the rotational torque of the bearing. It is in.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) An annular portion and a plurality of column portions that protrude in the axial direction from the annular portion and are arranged at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and are capable of rolling a tapered roller between the column portions. A tapered roller bearing cage made of synthetic resin in which a holding pocket is formed,
The annular portion is arranged only on the small diameter side,
The column part is formed with a length shorter than the length of the tapered roller,
The circumferential clearance of the outer peripheral surface of the adjacent column part is smaller than the diameter of the tapered roller,
The cage guide surface of the column part is a partial spherical surface,
The column portion has a circumferential length of an inner circumferential surface longer than a circumferential length of the outer circumferential surface, and at least a part of the outer circumferential surface is positioned outside a pitch circle diameter of the tapered roller, Hold the tapered rollers from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers,
At least a portion of the contact position of the tapered rollers and the cage guide surface of the pillar portion is Ri der less pitch circle diameter of the tapered rollers,
The tapered roller bearing retainer characterized in that the inner peripheral surface of the column portion has a cross-sectional arc shape on the opposite side of the annular portion .
( 2 ) The tapered roller bearing retainer according to ( 1 ), wherein an outer peripheral surface of the column portion extends substantially parallel to a rotation axis direction.
( 3 ) A tapered roller bearing in which a plurality of tapered rollers are disposed between an outer ring and an inner ring so as to be rollable in a circumferential direction via an annular retainer,
As the cage, use the tapered roller bearing cage according to (1) or (2) ,
The tapered roller bearing characterized in that a small-diameter side end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the column portion is located on an inner diameter side with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the small collar portion of the inner ring .

  According to the tapered roller bearing retainer and tapered roller bearing of the present invention, the tapered roller is held so as to be held from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter, and at least one of the contact positions of the retainer guide surface of the column portion and the tapered roller is held. Because the part is less than the pitch circle diameter of the tapered roller, in addition to the support from the inner ring and the outer ring in the conventional tapered roller bearing, the support from the cage guide surfaces on both sides in the circumferential direction is added even during high-speed rotation. , The posture of the tapered roller is stabilized. Stability of the roller posture during rotation leads to skew suppression, and as a result, the rotational torque is reduced and the fuel use efficiency of the power source can be improved.

  Hereinafter, each embodiment of the tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
First, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, 1st Embodiment of the tapered roller bearing which concerns on this invention is described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing 1 of this embodiment includes an inner ring 2 having an inner ring raceway surface 2a formed on the outer peripheral surface, an outer ring 3 having an outer ring raceway surface 3a formed on the inner peripheral surface, and an inner ring raceway. A plurality of tapered rollers 4 capable of rolling in the circumferential direction between the surface 2a and the outer ring raceway surface 3a, and a cage 5 that holds the plurality of tapered rollers 4 so as to be capable of rolling at a predetermined interval are provided.

  The inner ring 2 includes an inner ring raceway surface 2a, a small flange portion 2b formed to protrude radially outward at an end portion on the small diameter side, and a large rod formed to protrude radially outward at an end portion on the large diameter side. The inner ring raceway surface 2a is formed such that the outer diameter gradually increases as the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 moves from the small flange portion 2b to the large flange portion 2c.

  The outer ring 3 is formed such that the outer ring raceway surface 3a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3 so that the inner diameter gradually increases from the small diameter side toward the large diameter side.

  The cage 5 includes an annular portion 6 disposed on the side of the small collar portion 2 b of the inner ring 2, and a plurality of column portions 7 projecting from the annular portion 6 in the axial direction at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. This is a so-called comb-shaped cage in which a pocket 9 having an opening opposite to the annular portion 6 is formed by the column portions 7 and 7 adjacent to the portion 6.

  The column part 7 is formed to extend from the annular part 6 substantially parallel to the axial direction to form the outer peripheral surface 7a of the column part 7 and to protrude radially inward from the column part body 10. 7 and the columnar body 10 and the convex part 20 are integrally formed.

  The inner diameter end portion of the convex portion 20 is positioned on the inner diameter side from the outer peripheral surface of the small flange portion 2b of the inner ring 2, and from there, the inner diameter end portion is formed so that the outer diameter gradually increases in parallel with the inner ring raceway surface 2a. The inclination with respect to the rotation axis on the inner diameter side connecting the peripheral surface 20a and the end portion on the opposite side to the annular portion 6 of the pillar body 10 from the inner peripheral surface 20a having a linear cross section is formed larger than the inclination with respect to the rotation axis on the outer diameter side. The inner peripheral surface 7b of the column portion 7 is constituted by the arc-shaped inner peripheral surface 20b.

  The opposing surface 7c of the column part 7 which constitutes the pocket 9 in the circumferential direction, that is, the side wall of the column part body 10 and the convex part 20 follows the rolling surface of the tapered roller 4 as shown in FIGS. The roller guide system is a partially spherical surface having a slightly larger radius of curvature than the tapered roller 4, whereby the cage 5 is positioned in the circumferential direction by the tapered roller 4 and guided by the tapered roller 4 during rotation. It has become.

  Here, the circumferential length Li of the inner circumferential surface 7b of the column portion 7 is longer than the circumferential length Lo of the outer circumferential surface 7a of the column portion 7, and the tapered roller 4 is held from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD. So that it is held. Thereby, at least a part of the contact position between the cage guide surface of the opposing surface 7c of the column portion 7 and the tapered roller 4 is equal to or less than the pitch cone diameter PCD of the tapered roller 4. In addition, the circumferential clearance of the outer peripheral surface 7 a of the column portion 7 that faces the pocket is formed slightly smaller than the diameter of the tapered roller 4.

  The cage 5 is made of resin, and the resin materials include polyamide resins such as polyamide 46 and polyamide 66, polybutylene terephthalate, polyferlen salside (PPS), polyamide imide (PAI), thermoplastic polyimide, polyether ether ketone. (PEEK), polyether nitrile (PEN) and the like are exemplified. Moreover, the rigidity and dimensional accuracy of the cage 5 can be improved by appropriately adding about 10 to 50 wt% of a fibrous filler such as glass fiber or carbon fiber to the resin. The cage may be formed by cutting or casting metal, but by forming the cage with synthetic resin, the inertial mass of the cage itself can be made sufficiently small. The speed can be increased. In addition, the synthetic resin can perform complicated shape processing at a lower cost than the metal.

  In the tapered roller bearing 1 configured as described above, the cage 5 and the tapered roller 4 are assembled by inserting the tapered roller 4 into the pocket 9 of the cage 5 from the open portion opposite to the annular portion 6. . At this time, the tapered roller 4 is held by the opposing surface 7c of the adjacent column part 7 so as to be held from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD, and is outside by the end of the outer peripheral surface 7a of the column part 7 facing the pocket. The stopper to the diameter side is made.

  According to the tapered roller bearing 1 configured as described above, when the tapered roller bearing 1 rotates at high speed, centrifugal force acts on the cage 5 and thermal expansion occurs, the column portion 7 of the cage 5 moves radially outward. The column portion facing surface 7c of the column portion 7 holds the tapered roller 4 so as to hold the tapered roller 4 from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD. Therefore, at least a part of the contact position between the cage guide surface and the tapered roller 4 is The pitch cone diameter is less than PCD. Therefore, since the cage guide surface of the column facing surface 7c abuts on the tapered roller 4 even during high-speed rotation, it is held in addition to the radial support indicated by the arrow T1 in FIG. Support in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow T2 from the vessel guide surface is added, and as a result, the roller posture is stabilized. Stability of the roller posture during rotation leads to skew suppression, and as a result, the rotational torque is reduced and the fuel use efficiency of the power source can be improved.

  Further, since the cage 5 is a comb-type cage in which the end portion of the pocket 9 opposite to the annular portion 6 is opened, the lubricating oil discharge performance is improved, and thereby the lubricating oil stays inside the bearing. An increase in stirring torque can be suppressed.

Second Embodiment
Next, the tapered roller bearing of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.
The tapered roller bearing according to the second embodiment is the same as the tapered roller bearing according to the first embodiment of the present invention except that the shape of the cage is different. Are simplified or omitted.

  The retainer 15 of the tapered roller bearing 1A includes a small-diameter annular portion 16 disposed on the small flange portion 2b side of the inner ring 2, a large-diameter annular portion 18 positioned on the opposite side of the small-diameter annular portion 16, and a small-diameter annular portion. A small-diameter annular portion 16 and a plurality of column portions 17 that connect the large-diameter annular portion 18 and project in the axial direction at substantially equal intervals from the portion 16 in the circumferential direction; adjacent to the small-diameter annular portion 16 and the large-diameter annular portion 18 A pocket 9 is formed by the column parts 17 and 17 to be formed.

  The column portion 17 extends from the small-diameter annular portion 16 while gradually expanding in the axial direction, and forms a column portion main body 30 that forms the outer peripheral surface 17a of the column portion 17, and protrudes radially inward from the column portion main body 30. And the convex part 40 which comprises the internal peripheral surface 17b of the pillar part 17, and the pillar part main body 30 and the convex part 40 are integrally formed.

  The inner diameter end portion of the convex portion 40 is located on the inner diameter side from the outer peripheral surface of the small flange portion 2b of the inner ring 2, and from there, the inner diameter end portion is formed so that the outer diameter gradually increases in parallel with the inner ring raceway surface 2a. The inner peripheral surface 17b of the column portion 17 is constituted by the peripheral surface 40a and the two cross-sectional arc-shaped inner peripheral surfaces 40b and 40c that connect the linear inner peripheral surface 40a and the large-diameter annular portion 18. Each of the circular arc-shaped inner peripheral surfaces 40b and 40c has a larger inclination on the inner diameter side and a smaller inclination toward the outer diameter side, and a cross-sectional circle at the intersection with the circular arc-shaped inner peripheral surfaces 40b and 40c. The inclination of the arcuate inner peripheral surface 40c with respect to the rotation axis is formed larger than the inclination of the arcuate inner peripheral surface 40b with respect to the rotation axis.

  The opposing surface 17c of the column part 17 which adjoins the circumferential direction which comprises the pocket 9, ie, the side wall of the column part main body 30 and the convex part 40, is tapered like the rolling surface of the tapered roller 4, as shown in FIG. The roller 15 has a partially spherical surface having a slightly larger radius of curvature than the roller 4, whereby the retainer 15 is positioned in the circumferential direction by the tapered roller 4 and is guided by the tapered roller 4 during rotation. ing.

  Here, the circumferential length Li of the inner peripheral surface 17b of the column portion 17 is longer than the circumferential length Lo of the outer peripheral surface 17a of the column portion 17, and the tapered roller 4 is held from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD. So that it is held. As a result, at least a part of the contact position of the tapered roller 4 with the cage guide surface of the opposing surface 17c of the column portion 17 is equal to or less than the pitch cone diameter PCD of the tapered roller 4. Further, the circumferential clearance of the outer peripheral surface 17a of the pillar portion 17 that faces the pocket 17 is formed slightly smaller than the diameter of the tapered roller 4.

  In the tapered roller bearing 1 configured as described above, the cage 15 and the tapered roller 4 are assembled by inserting the tapered roller 4 into the pocket 9 of the cage 15 by pressing from the large diameter side. At this time, the tapered roller 4 is held by the opposed surface 17c of the adjacent column portion 17 so as to be held from the inner diameter side with respect to the pitch circle diameter PCD, and is outside by the end portion of the outer peripheral surface 17a of the column portion 17 opposed across the pocket. The stopper to the diameter side is made.

  According to the tapered roller bearing 1A configured as described above, when the tapered roller bearing 1A rotates at a high speed, centrifugal force acts on the cage 15 and thermal expansion occurs, the column portion 17 of the cage 15 moves radially outward. Although the column portion facing surface 17c of the column portion 17 holds the tapered roller 4 so as to hold the tapered roller 4 from the inner diameter side with respect to the pitch circle diameter PCD, at least a part of the contact position between the cage guide surface and the tapered roller 4 is expanded. The pitch cone diameter is less than PCD. Accordingly, since the cage guide surface of the column facing surface 17c abuts on the tapered roller 4 even during high-speed rotation, it is held in addition to the radial support shown by the arrow T1 in FIG. Support in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow T2 from the vessel guide surface is added, and as a result, the roller posture is stabilized. Stability of the roller posture during rotation leads to skew suppression, and as a result, the rotational torque is reduced and the fuel use efficiency of the power source can be improved.

  Further, in the cage 15, the portion located in the vicinity of the large collar portion 2c of the inner ring 2 secures a gap between the cage 15 and the large collar portion 2c, so that the cross-section arc-shaped inner circumferential surface 40c has a large inclination with respect to the rotation axis. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the drainability of the lubricating oil. As a result, an increase in agitation torque due to the lubricating oil staying inside the bearing can be suppressed.

  Note that the material of the cage 15 of the second embodiment is formed of resin or metal as in the first embodiment.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, A deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible suitably. For example, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surfaces 7a and 17a of the column portions 7 and 17 are larger in diameter than the pitch circle diameter PCD, but not limited to this, the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surfaces 7b and 17b of the column portions 7 and 17 If the length is longer than the circumferential length of the outer peripheral surfaces 7a and 17a and the tapered rollers are held from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD, the pitch circle diameter may be equal to or less than the pitch circle diameter PCD.

It is an axial sectional view of the tapered roller bearing which is the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a fragmentary perspective view of the retainer of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. It is an axial sectional view of the tapered roller bearing which is the second embodiment of the present invention. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. It is the whole perspective view of the retainer of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. 4, (a) is the perspective view seen from the large diameter annular part side, (b) is the perspective view seen from the small diameter annular part side. FIG. 7 is an overall perspective view in which tapered rollers are mounted on the cage shown in FIG. 6, (a) is a perspective view seen from the large-diameter annular portion side, and (b) is a perspective view seen from the small-diameter annular portion side. 2 is an axial sectional view of a tapered roller bearing described in Patent Document 1. FIG. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1A Tapered roller bearing 2 Inner ring 3 Outer ring 4 Tapered rollers 5, 15 Cage 6, 16 Small-diameter annular part (annular part)
7, 17 Column part 7a, 17a Column part outer peripheral surface 7b, 17b Column part inner peripheral surface 9 Pocket 10, 30 Column part body 18 Large diameter annular part 20, 40 Convex part PCD Pitch circle diameter

Claims (3)

A pocket that includes an annular portion and a plurality of column portions that protrude in the axial direction from the annular portion and are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and holds a tapered roller between the column portions in a rollable manner. Is a tapered roller bearing cage made of synthetic resin,
The annular portion is arranged only on the small diameter side,
The column part is formed with a length shorter than the length of the tapered roller,
The circumferential clearance of the outer peripheral surface of the adjacent column part is smaller than the diameter of the tapered roller,
The cage guide surface of the column part is a partial spherical surface,
The column portion has a circumferential length of an inner circumferential surface longer than a circumferential length of the outer circumferential surface, and at least a part of the outer circumferential surface is positioned outside a pitch circle diameter of the tapered roller, Hold the tapered rollers from the inner diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers,
At least a portion of the contact position of the tapered rollers and the cage guide surface of the pillar portion is Ri der less pitch circle diameter of the tapered rollers,
The tapered roller bearing retainer characterized in that the inner peripheral surface of the column portion has a cross-sectional arc shape on the opposite side of the annular portion . 2. The tapered roller bearing retainer according to claim 1 , wherein an outer peripheral surface of the column portion extends substantially parallel to a rotation axis direction. A tapered roller bearing in which a plurality of tapered rollers are disposed between an outer ring and an inner ring so as to be rollable in a circumferential direction via an annular cage,
As the retainer, use the tapered roller bearing retainer according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The tapered roller bearing characterized in that a small-diameter side end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the column portion is located on an inner diameter side with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the small collar portion of the inner ring .

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