JP6171506B2 - Tapered roller bearing cage and tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing retainer and a tapered roller bearing.

  Tapered roller bearings are compact, can support large radial loads and axial loads, and can be used at high speeds, so that they can be used in general industrial machines such as railway vehicles, steel machines, machine tools, construction machines, etc. It is widely used as a rotating support for automobile transmissions. In this type of tapered roller bearing, in the gap space defined by the inner ring and the outer ring, a space partitioned by the tapered roller and the cage is used as a lubricating oil flow path, and lubricating oil is supplied from the outside.

  By the way, the lubricating oil in the tapered roller bearing is stirred by the inner ring, the outer ring, the tapered roller, and the cage during the operation of the bearing, and when the amount of the lubricating oil to be stirred is large, the stirring resistance becomes high. There has been a problem that the rotational torque at the time of high rotation increases.

  Therefore, the retainer column portion is thickened in the radial direction over substantially the entire circumferential direction thereof, thereby narrowing the lubricating oil path between the inner diameter surface of the column portion and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring to perform lubrication. What reduces the amount of oil and reduces stirring resistance is known (for example, refer patent document 1). The column portion has a pair of circumferential side surfaces each having a roller guide surface, and an inner diameter side inner circumferential surface whose circumferential width is smaller in the large-diameter side annular portion than the small-diameter side annular portion of the cage. Further, there is known a technique in which the outer diameter side pocket width and the inner diameter side pocket side width on the opposite circumferential side surfaces of the adjacent column portions are made smaller than the roller diameter to reduce the stirring resistance (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2004-084799 A International Publication No. 2010/005007

  However, in the tapered roller bearings described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the pocket defined by the adjacent column portion is shaped to hold the tapered roller (conical shape slightly larger than the tapered roller), the tapered shape There was a possibility that the shearing resistance of the lubricating oil generated between the roller and the cage would increase and the rotational torque would increase. Moreover, in the tapered roller bearings described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the radial movement of the cage is restricted by the tapered roller, the gap between the tapered roller and the cage has to be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to reduce the rotational resistance of the bearing by reducing the shear resistance of lubricating oil generated between the tapered roller and the cage. Another object is to provide a tapered roller bearing cage and a tapered roller bearing.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) In order to connect the large-diameter side annular portion, the small-diameter-side annular portion concentrically arranged with the large-diameter-side annular portion, and the large-diameter-side annular portion and the small-diameter-side annular portion in the circumferential direction This is a resin tapered roller bearing cage having a plurality of pillar portions arranged at substantially equal intervals and a pocket formed between the pillar portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction so as to hold the tapered rollers in a rollable manner. The tapered rollers are held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, guided by the inner ring of the bearing , the column portion has a pair of circumferential side surfaces, and the circumferential side surfaces of the column portions are respectively formed on curved surfaces in the entire radial direction. In the state where the tapered roller is held in the pocket, the gap between the circumferential side surface of the column part and the tapered roller is larger than the first region near the pitch circle diameter position of the tapered roller over the entire longitudinal direction of the column part. A tapered roller bearing retainer characterized in that the second region other than the first region is set larger. Vessel.
(2) The inner ring has an inner ring raceway surface provided on the outer peripheral surface, and a small collar part and a large collar part respectively provided on both sides in the axial direction of the inner ring raceway surface. The tapered roller bearing retainer according to (1) , wherein the retainer is set smaller than an outer diameter.
(3) An outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface, and a plurality of tapered rollers arranged to be rollable between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface; , a tapered roller bearing comprising a cage holding at regular intervals tapered rollers in the circumferential direction, a retainer, (1) or (2) retainer der for the tapered roller bearing according to is, automobiles Tapered roller bearing, characterized in that it is used as a rotation support part of a transmission .

According to the present invention, the tapered rollers are held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, guided by the inner ring of the bearing , the column portion has a pair of circumferential side surfaces, and the circumferential side surface of the column portion is curved in the entire radial direction. In the state where the tapered rollers are respectively held in the pockets, the gap between the circumferential side surface of the column portion and the tapered roller is the first portion near the pitch circle diameter position of the tapered roller over the entire longitudinal direction of the column portion . Since the second region other than the first region is set to be larger than the first region, an appropriate gap is formed between the circumferential side surface of the column portion and the tapered roller, whereby the tapered roller and the cage are formed. The shear resistance of the lubricating oil generated between the bearings can be reduced, and the rotational torque of the bearing can be reduced.

It is principal part sectional drawing explaining 1st Embodiment of the retainer for tapered roller bearings and tapered roller bearing which concern on this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing explaining 2nd Embodiment of the tapered roller bearing retainer which concerns on this invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a tapered roller bearing retainer and a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of a tapered roller bearing retainer and a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing 10 of this embodiment includes an outer ring 11 having an outer ring raceway surface 11a on an inner peripheral surface, an inner ring 12 having an inner ring raceway surface 12a on an outer peripheral surface, an outer ring raceway surface 11a and an inner ring. A plurality of tapered rollers 13 disposed so as to be able to roll between the raceway surface 12a and a tapered roller bearing retainer 14 that holds the tapered rollers 13 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The inner ring 12 is provided with a small flange portion 12b and a large flange portion 12c on both sides in the axial direction of the inner ring raceway surface 12a.

  The retainer 14 is formed by injection molding synthetic resin. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the retainer 14 has a large-diameter side annular portion 15 and a small-diameter arranged coaxially with the large-diameter side annular portion 15. In order to connect the side annular part 16, the large diameter side annular part 15 and the small diameter side annular part 16, a plurality of column parts 17 arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction A pocket 18 is formed between the column portions 17 and holds the tapered roller 13 so as to be able to roll. The column portion 17 has a pair of circumferential side surfaces 17 a that constitute a part of the pocket 18.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, when the tapered roller 13 is held in the pocket 18, the gap between the circumferential side surface 17 a of the column portion 17 and the tapered roller 13 is a pitch circle of the tapered roller 13. The second regions A21 and A22 other than the first region A1 are set larger than the first region A1 near the diameter PCD position. For this reason, the part of 1st area | region A1 of the circumferential direction side surface 17a of the pillar part 17 is narrowed in the distance with the tapered roller 13, and comprises the circumferential direction control part which controls the movement of the holder | retainer 14 in the circumferential direction. The second area A21 is located radially inward of the first area A1, and the second area A22 is located radially outside of the first area A1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the inner peripheral surface 17b of the column part 17 has a tapered guide surface 17c that extends substantially parallel to the inner ring raceway surface 12a and contacts the inner ring raceway surface 12a. For this reason, the retainer 14 is guided by the inner ring raceway surface 12a of the inner ring 12 that is a raceway ring. Moreover, since the guide surface 17c of the pillar part 17 is in contact with the inner ring raceway surface 12a, the radial movement of the cage 14 is restricted.

  Further, a straight surface 17 d that extends substantially parallel to the axial direction of the bearing 10 is formed at the end of the inner peripheral surface 17 b of the column portion 17 on the small diameter side annular portion 16 side. For this reason, the straight surface 17d does not contact the inner ring raceway surface 12a.

  An annular step portion 17e is formed at the boundary portion between the straight surface 17d of the column portion 17 and the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter side annular portion 16, and the inner diameter of the annular step portion 17e is smaller than that of the inner ring 12. It is set smaller than the outer diameter of the portion 12b. For this reason, even when the intermediate roller 12, the tapered roller 13, and the intermediate assembly in which the retainer 14 is assembled is transported, even if the tapered roller 13 and the retainer 14 are moved to the small flange portion 12 b side, Since the annular step portion 17e contacts the small collar portion 12b of the inner ring 12, the axial movement of the tapered roller 13 and the retainer 14 is restricted, and the intermediate assembly is prevented from being disassembled.

  By the way, in this embodiment, although the clearance gap between the circumferential direction side surface 17a of the pillar part 17 and the tapered roller 13 is enlarged, the tapered roller 13 will move large within the pocket 18 when this clearance gap is enlarged only. It is conceivable that the function as a cage is not satisfied. For this reason, in this embodiment, the movement of the tapered roller 13 in the circumferential direction is regulated by the portion (circumferential regulating portion) of the first region A1 of the circumferential side surface 17a of the column portion 17 (the tapered roller 13 is wound around). Hold in place in the direction). However, the radial movement of the tapered roller 13 is not restricted by the cage 14 (in other words, the radial movement of the cage 14 is not regulated by the tapered roller 13). The radial movement of the tapered roller 13 and the cage 14 causes a problem when the bearing assembly is completed (when the bearing is used) and when the bearing is assembled.

  First, when the bearing assembly is completed, the circumferential movement of the cage 14 is restricted by the tapered roller 13, but there is a problem that the radial movement of the cage 14 is not regulated (cones). The rollers 13 are restricted from moving in the radial direction by the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12, and are restricted from moving in the circumferential direction by the circumferential direction restricting portion of the retainer 14, and are held at a predetermined position). For this reason, in this embodiment, in order to restrict the movement of the cage 14 in the radial direction, the guide surface 17c of the column portion 17 of the cage 14 is brought into contact with the inner ring raceway surface 12a. It is guided by the raceway surface 12a. Further, as a merit of guiding the cage 14 by the inner ring raceway surface 12a, since the grinding process is performed and the surface roughness is good, the sliding resistance of the cage 14 is small, and the rotational torque of the bearing 10 is reduced. be able to. Further, the peripheral speed of the retainer 14 (relative speed between the retainer 14 and the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a) can be reduced. Further, since the diameter of the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a is smaller than that of the outer ring raceway surface 11a of the outer ring 11, the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be reduced.

  Next, at the time of assembling the bearing, the tapered roller bearing 10 is handled in an intermediate assembly state in which the inner ring 12, the tapered roller 13 and the cage 14 are assembled (the outer ring 11 is not present). Since the movement of the tapered roller 13 in the radial direction is not restricted inside, the tapered roller 13 moves to the outer diameter side from the small flange portion 12b, and the tapered roller 13 and the retainer 14 are moved to the small flange portion of the inner ring 12. There arises a problem that it is disengaged from the 12b side. For this reason, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the annular step portion 17e of the column portion 17 is set smaller than the outer diameter of the small flange portion 12b to restrict the axial movement of the tapered roller 13 and the retainer 14. . In the conventional tapered roller bearing, since the cage is configured to hold the tapered roller radially inside (the tapered roller does not move to the outer diameter side), the tapered roller has a small flange portion and a large flange portion. The cage and the tapered roller do not come off from the inner ring as a whole because they cannot move in the axial direction.

  As described above, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, guided by the inner ring 12, the column portion 17 has a pair of circumferential side surfaces 17a, and the tapered roller 13 is held in the pocket 18. The gap between the circumferential side surface 17a of the column portion 17 and the tapered roller 13 is greater in the second regions A21, A22 than the first region A1 than in the first region A1 near the pitch circle diameter PCD position of the tapered roller 13. Since it is set to be large, an appropriate gap is formed between the circumferential side surface 17a of the column portion 17 and the tapered roller 13, whereby shearing of the lubricating oil generated between the tapered roller 13 and the cage 14 occurs. The resistance can be reduced, and the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be reduced.

  Further, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the portion of the first region A1 of the circumferential side surface 17a of the column portion 17 constitutes a circumferential direction regulating portion that regulates the movement of the cage 14 in the circumferential direction. Even if an appropriate gap is formed between the circumferential side surface 17a of the pillar portion 17 and the tapered roller 13, the dynamic space in which the circumferential cage 14 moves does not decrease, and the stirring resistance reduction effect is impaired. There is no. Further, since the circumferential movement of the tapered roller 13 can be restricted, the tapered roller 13 can be held at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction.

  Further, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the annular stepped portion 17e of the column portion 17 is set smaller than the outer diameter of the small flange portion 12b of the inner ring 12, so the inner ring 12, the tapered roller 13, When the intermediate assembly assembled with the cage 14 is transported, the tapered roller 13 moves to the outer diameter side of the small flange portion 12b, and the tapered roller 13 and the cage 14 move to the small flange portion 12b side. Even so, the annular step portion 17e of the pillar portion 17 abuts against the small collar portion 12b of the inner ring 12. Thereby, the axial movement of the tapered roller 13 and the retainer 14 is restricted, and disassembly of the intermediate assembly can be prevented.

  Further, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the cage 14 is guided by the inner ring raceway surface 12a of the inner ring 12 to restrict the radial movement of the cage 14 and the surface roughness of the inner ring raceway surface 12a. Therefore, the sliding resistance of the cage 14 is small, and the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be reduced. Further, the peripheral speed of the retainer 14 (relative speed between the retainer 14 and the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a) can be reduced. Further, since the diameter of the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a is smaller than that of the outer ring raceway surface 11a of the outer ring 11, the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be reduced.

  Also, in general tapered roller bearings, when the bearing rotates, a force called the pump effect that draws lubricating oil from the small diameter side to the large diameter side is generated, and this force is larger than the clearance between the outer ring and the cage on the small diameter side. The clearance between the cages is larger. Therefore, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the cage 14 is guided by the inner ring 12 that is a race, so that the gap between the inner ring 12 and the cage 14 (the small flange portion 12b and the cage 14 on the small diameter side). In order to moderately suppress the inflow of the lubricating oil from the gap), the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be further reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the tapered roller bearing retainer and the tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that portions that are the same as or equivalent to those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same or equivalent reference numerals in the drawings, and description thereof is omitted or simplified.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a tapered surface 17 f is formed on the inner diameter surface 17 b of the pillar portion 17 on the larger diameter side annular portion 15 side so that the diameter increases toward the larger diameter side annular portion 15. ing. For this reason, the taper surface 17f does not contact the inner ring raceway surface 12a.

  Further, the tapered surface 17 f is formed over half or more of the axial length of the column part 17. For this reason, the guide surface 17 c that comes into contact with the inner ring raceway surface 12 a is disposed closer to the small-diameter-side annular portion 16 than the axial center of the column portion 17.

  As described above, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the tapered surface 17 f is formed on the large-diameter annular portion 15 side of the inner peripheral surface 17 b of the column portion 17. The contact area between the surface 17c and the inner ring raceway surface 12a is reduced. Thereby, since frictional resistance can be reduced, the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be further reduced.

  Further, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the tapered surface 17f is formed so as to increase in diameter toward the large-diameter side annular portion 15, and therefore the lubricating oil that has flowed into the bearing due to the pump effect described above. Can be efficiently discharged, and the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be further reduced.

Further, according to the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment, the guide surface 17c of the column portion 17 that comes into contact with the inner ring raceway surface 12a is disposed on the small-diameter-side annular portion 16 side with respect to the axial center of the column portion 17, Since the lubricating oil flows in from the small diameter side due to the pump effect, lubrication is excellent, the sliding resistance of the cage 14 is reduced, and the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be further reduced. Further, the peripheral speed of the cage 14 (relative speed between the cage 14 and the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a) can be further reduced. Moreover, since the diameter dimension of the sliding surface of the inner ring raceway surface 12a is small as compared with the first embodiment, the rotational torque of the bearing 10 can be further reduced.
About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the said 1st Embodiment.

In addition, this invention is not limited to what was illustrated to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the guide surfaces 17c that come into contact with the inner ring raceway surface 12a are provided on all the column portions 17, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the guide surfaces 17c are provided on some of the column portions 17. Also good. In this case, from the viewpoint of restricting the radial movement of the cage 14, it is preferable to provide three or more guide surfaces 17c.

  In the case of the inner ring guide cage in the ball bearing, the cage is guided by the cylindrical portion of the groove shoulder, but the outer peripheral surfaces of the small collar part and the large collar part in the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing are not processed after heat treatment ( In order to use this portion as a guide surface, processing must be performed, and the manufacturing cost increases.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tapered roller bearing 11 Outer ring 11a Outer ring raceway surface 12 Inner ring 12a Inner ring raceway surface 12b Small collar part 12c Large collar part 13 Tapered roller 14 Tapered roller bearing cage 15 Large diameter side annular part 16 Small diameter side annular part 17 Column part 17a Circumferential side surface 18 Pocket A1 First area A21, A22 Second area PCD Pitch circle diameter

Claims (3)

In order to connect the large-diameter side annular portion, the small-diameter-side annular portion concentrically arranged with the large-diameter-side annular portion, and the large-diameter-side annular portion and the small-diameter-side annular portion in the circumferential direction. A resin tapered roller bearing retainer having a plurality of column portions arranged at substantially equal intervals and a pocket formed between the column portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction so as to hold the tapered rollers in a rollable manner. There,
Holding the tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction;
Guided by the inner ring of the bearing ,
The column portion has a pair of circumferential side surfaces,
The circumferential side surface of the column portion is formed into a curved surface in the entire radial direction,
In the state where the tapered roller is held in the pocket, the gap between the circumferential side surface of the column portion and the tapered roller is near the pitch circle diameter position of the tapered roller over the entire longitudinal direction of the column portion. The tapered roller bearing retainer is characterized in that the second region other than the first region is set larger than the first region. The inner ring has an inner ring raceway surface provided on an outer peripheral surface, and a small collar part and a large collar part respectively provided on both axial sides of the inner ring raceway surface,
Inner diameter of the pillar portion, the cage for the tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that it is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the small rib portion. An outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface, and a plurality of tapered rollers arranged to be rollable between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface; A tapered roller bearing comprising: a retainer that holds the tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction;
Said retainer, Ri retainer der for the tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2,
A tapered roller bearing used as a rotation support portion of an automobile transmission .

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