JP5226578B2 - Handling equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a loading / unloading apparatus that handles heavy cargo, and more particularly to a loading / unloading apparatus that is driven by electric power from a generator that is rotationally driven by a diesel engine.

  Some cargo handling devices that handle heavy cargo use an electric motor as a power source so that the position can be accurately determined and the start and stop can be repeated frequently. Typical examples of such a cargo handling apparatus include a yard crane that performs container transshipment work in a container yard, and a cargo handling vehicle that transports heavy objects. An electric motor uses a power supply device mounted on a cargo handling device as a power source, and this power supply device is mainly composed of a generator and a diesel engine mechanically directly connected to the generator (patent) Reference 1). In order to operate the electric motor stably, the power supply device must supply power of a specified frequency and voltage (for example, 60 Hz, AC440V). For this purpose, the generator rotor is set to a predetermined rotational speed. It is necessary to rotate at (for example, 1800 rpm). Therefore, the diesel engine directly connected to the generator has the same rotational speed as the predetermined rotational speed of the rotor (for example, for example, even when large power is consumed or not much power is consumed) 1800 rpm).

  By the way, in general, a diesel engine has a characteristic that fuel efficiency is improved even in the same load state when the rotational speed is lowered in a low load region (see Patent Document 1). For example, a German BF series diesel engine used in the above-mentioned yard crane has a fuel efficiency of about 10 when the rotational speed is in the range of 1200 to 1500 rpm, even when the rotational speed is the same as that of 1800 rpm. % Or better. Therefore, in order to improve the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine of the power supply device, the rotational speed may be lowered (see FIG. 10).

  However, since the diesel engine and the generator are mechanically connected directly as described above, if the rotational speed of the diesel engine is lowered, the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator also decreases, so the frequency and voltage of the power supply change. As a result, there was a problem that the handling work of heavy cargo was hindered.

JP 2005-218225 A

  The object of the present invention is to drive the generator at a constant rotational speed in order to maintain the frequency and voltage of the power supplied by the generator, and to reduce the fuel efficiency by reducing the rotational speed of the diesel engine when large power is not consumed. An object of the present invention is to provide a cargo handling device with improved performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cargo handling apparatus driven by a driving electric motor that uses electric power generated by an AC generator driven by a diesel engine as a power source. The diesel engine and the AC generator Between the rotational output of the diesel engine and the rotational output of the electric motor directly driven by the electric power generated by the AC generator to add the rotational output of the generator The cargo handling device is characterized in that a transmission means for rotating the AC generator at a constant speed is provided.

  The above speed change means meshes with both the ring gear, a bearing standing on one side of the ring gear, a pair of pinion gears rotatably attached to the bearings, and the pinion gears. A differential gear transmission with a pair of side gears and an output gear meshing with the ring gear, one of the side gears connected to the diesel engine, the other connected to the electric motor, and the output gear connected to the AC generator It is desirable to do.

  Alternatively, the speed change means may be engaged with the sun gear, a ring gear surrounding the sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears rotatably attached to the planet carrier and meshing with the sun gear and the ring gear, and the ring gear. It is desirable to connect the planetary carrier to a diesel engine, connect the input gear to an electric motor, and connect the sun gear to an AC generator.

  Moreover, the cargo handling apparatus of this invention is used suitably for a yard crane or a cargo handling vehicle.

  According to the cargo handling device of the present invention, in a cargo handling device driven by an electric motor that uses power generated by an AC generator driven by a diesel engine as a power source, a variable speed shift is provided between the diesel engine and the rotor. This means that the generator can be driven at the rated rotational speed even at a low rotational speed where the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine is good, so the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine is maintained while maintaining the frequency and voltage of the power supplied to the generator. Can be improved.

It is a front view of a yard crane which is an example of a cargo handling device which consists of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the yard crane of FIG. It is a side view of the cargo handling vehicle which is another example of the cargo handling apparatus which consists of embodiment of this invention. It is an arrow view of the AA part of the cargo handling vehicle of FIG. It is a block diagram of an electric power supply apparatus. It is a 1st example of a structure of a transmission means. It is a 2nd example of a structure of a transmission means. It is a front view explaining the effect | action of the 2nd example of a structure of a transmission means. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the control system of a transmission means. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the engine output in a diesel engine, and fuel consumption.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the example of the cargo handling apparatus which consists of embodiment of this invention.
This cargo handling device is a yard crane that transships containers 1 in a container yard. This yard crane has a gate-like shape consisting of two legs 2 and a girder 3 passed over them, and a spreader 4 coupled to the container 1 is connected to a wire 6 via a head block 5. A trolley 8 provided with a rotating drum 7 that is wound or unwound by is mounted on the girder 3 so as to traverse. The rotary drum 7 and the trolley 8 are driven by an electric motor (not shown), and the power is supplied from a power supply device 9 installed on one leg 2.

FIG.3 and FIG.4 shows another example of the cargo handling apparatus which consists of embodiment of this invention.
This cargo handling device is a cargo handling vehicle that transports heavy objects in a container yard or a manufacturing factory. The cargo handling vehicle is configured such that a heavy object 12 is loaded on a plate-shaped gantry 11 and freely travels by a plurality of tires 13. A part of the tire 13 is driven by an electric motor 14, and the electric power is supplied from an electric power supply device 15 suspended in the center of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply devices 9 and 15 of these cargo handling devices are basically composed of a diesel engine 21, an AC generator 22, and transmission means 23 interposed therebetween. The speed change means 23 increases the rotational speed (for example, 700 to 1800 rpm) transmitted from the diesel engine 21 to the input shaft, and the AC generator 22 obtains predetermined power (for example, frequency 60 Hz, AC 440 V). The rotation speed is converted to a necessary rotation speed (for example, 1800 rpm).

  As described above, by providing the variable speed transmission means between the diesel engine and the AC generator in the power supply device of the cargo handling device, the rotational speed of the diesel engine is as low as possible within a range where necessary power can be obtained. Even when the rotational speed is reduced, the generator can be operated at a specified rotational speed, so that the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine can be improved while maintaining the frequency and voltage of the power supplied to the generator.

FIG. 6 shows a first example of the transmission means.
The speed change means includes a ring gear 30, two bearing plates 31 disposed on one side thereof, and a pair of pinion gears 33 rotatably attached to the bearing plates 31 via a pinion shaft 32. The operating gear reducer is mainly composed of a pair of side gears 34 that mesh with both of the pinion gears 33 and an output gear 35 that meshes with the ring gear 30.

  The side gear 34A disposed on the ring gear 30 side is connected to the input shaft 36, and the output gear 35 is connected to the output shaft 37. The other side gear 34B is connected to an electric motor 38 and is driven to rotate.

  The operation of this transmission means will be described below. Here, an example is given of a condition in which the predetermined rotational speed for driving the AC generator 22 is 1800 rpm and the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 is variable between 700 and 1800 rpm depending on the load.

  When the rotational speed of 700 to 1800 rpm is transmitted from the diesel engine 21 to the input shaft 36, the side gear 34A rotates. At this time, since the other side gear 34B is connected to the electric motor 38, the ring gear 30 adds the rotation speed of the input shaft 36 and the rotation speed of the electric motor 38 via the two pinion gears 33 and the bearing plate 31. Rotate at a different speed. This rotation is transmitted to the output shaft 37 through the meshing output gear 35, and the rotational speed of the electric motor 38 is set to, for example, 0 to 800 rpm (1800 rpm—the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21). The rotational speed of the shaft 37 can be set to a constant rotational speed of 1800 rpm. Therefore, since the AC generator 22 is driven at a specified rotational speed, even if the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 changes, the power of the frequency 60 Hz and AC 440 V necessary for driving the cargo handling device can be stably supplied. Can do.

  Moreover, since the electric motor 38 can compensate the fluctuation | variation of the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 by comprising in this way, the rotational speed of the output shaft 37 can be hold | maintained more stably.

7 and 8 show a second example of the speed change means.
The speed change means includes a sun gear 40, a plurality of planetary gears 41 that revolve around the sun gear 40, and a planetary gear mainly composed of the ring gear 42 that meshes with the planetary gears 41. It is a gear reducer. Each planetary gear 41 is rotatably attached to the planet carrier 43, and the planet carrier 43 is connected to the input shaft 44. The sun gear 40 is connected to the output shaft 45, and the ring gear 42 is rotatable about the sun gear 40, and is meshed with the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 42 and rotated by the electric motor 46. 47 is installed.

  The operation of this transmission means will be described below. The same conditions as in the case of the speed change means of the first example are used.

  When the rotational speed of 700 to 1800 rpm is transmitted from the diesel engine 21 to the input shaft 44, the planet carrier 43 rotates and the planetary gear 41 revolves between the sun gear 40 and the ring gear 42. At this time, the ring gear 42 meshes with the outer peripheral surface and is rotated by the input gear 47 rotated by the electric motor 46, so that the rotation speed of the electric motor 46 is added to the rotation speed of the input shaft 44 by the rotation of the planetary gear 41. The sun gear 40 rotates at the rotating speed and is transmitted to the output shaft 45 connected to the AC generator 22.

  Therefore, since the AC generator 22 is driven at a specified rotational speed, even if the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 changes, the power of the frequency 60 Hz and AC 440 V necessary for driving the cargo handling device can be stably supplied. Can do.

  Moreover, since the electric motor 46 can compensate the fluctuation | variation of the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 by comprising in this way, the rotational speed of the output shaft 45 can be hold | maintained more stably.

An example of a control system for using the above-described transmission means is shown in FIG.
This control system is used in a yard crane, and a speed reducer (operating gear speed reducer or planetary gear speed reducer) 48 is interposed between the diesel engine 21 and the AC generator 22. The electric power generated by the AC generator 22 is sent to a plurality of inverters 49, and the rotary drum 7 and the electric motor 50 of the trolley 8 are activated. In such a control system, the controller 51 calculates the rotation speed (rotation speed command value) required for container handling and transmits it to the diesel engine 21 and also transmits predetermined power (for example, frequency 60 Hz, AC 440 V). A rotational speed command is given to the dedicated inverter 52 so that the electric motors 38 and 46 generate a rotational speed corresponding to a difference from a constant rotational speed (for example, 1800 rpm) of the AC generator 22 necessary to obtain. As a result, a constant rotational speed (for example, 1800 rpm) obtained by combining the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 and the rotational speeds of the electric motors 38 and 46 is transmitted to the AC generator 22. The controller 51 may be a yard crane main body controller.

  In addition, when this control system is used, regenerative power returns from the hoisting motor 50 or the like to the AC generator 22 during regeneration such as when decelerating or when a load is lowered, and works on the side that increases the number of revolutions. The speed of the electric motor 38 is reduced or reduced to increase the rotational speed of the diesel engine 21 above the rotational speed command value while maintaining the rotational speed of the AC generator 22 constant. By operating in the operating region, it is possible to effectively suppress an increase in the rotational speed of the AC generator 22. This eliminates the need for a resistor for regenerative power consumption that has been necessary until now.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Leg part 3 Girder 4 Spreader 5 Head block 6 Wire 7 Rotating drum 8 Trolley 9 Power supply device 11 (for a yard crane) 11 Base 12 Heavy object 13 Tire 14 Electric motor 15 Power supply device 21 (for a cargo handling vehicle) Diesel Engine 22 AC generator 23 Transmission means 30 Ring gear 31 Bearing plate 32 Pinion shaft 33 Pinion gear 34 Side gear 35 Output gear 36 Input shaft 37 Output shaft 38 Electric motor 40 Sun gear 41 Planetary gear 42 Ring gear 43 Planetary carrier 44 Input shaft 45 Output shaft 46 Electric motor 47 Input gear 48 Reducer 49 Inverter 50 Electric motor 51 (for rotating drum and trolley) Controller 52 Dedicated inverter

Claims (4)

In a cargo handling device driven by an electric motor for driving that uses electric power generated by an AC generator driven by a diesel engine as a power source, between the diesel engine and the AC generator, a rotational output of the diesel engine and The rotation output of the electric motor directly driven by the electric power generated by the AC generator is added and transmitted to the input side of the generator to rotate the AC generator at a constant speed. handling apparatus which is interposed a gear means causes.   The transmission means includes a ring gear, a bearing erected on one side of the ring gear, a pair of pinion gears rotatably attached to the bearings, and a pair engaged with both of the pinion gears. A side gear and an output gear meshing with the ring gear, wherein one of the side gears is connected to the diesel engine, the other is connected to an electric motor, and the output gear is The cargo handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cargo handling apparatus is connected to the AC generator.   The transmission means meshes with the ring gear, a sun gear, a ring gear that surrounds the sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears rotatably attached to a planet carrier and meshing with the sun gear and the ring gear, A planetary gear reducer comprising an input gear, wherein the planet carrier is connected to the diesel engine, the input gear is connected to an electric motor, and the sun gear is connected to the AC generator. The cargo handling device described in 1.   The cargo handling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cargo handling device is a yard crane or a cargo handling vehicle.

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