JP5212887B2 - Current detector - Google Patents

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JP5212887B2
JP5212887B2 JP2007269624A JP2007269624A JP5212887B2 JP 5212887 B2 JP5212887 B2 JP 5212887B2 JP 2007269624 A JP2007269624 A JP 2007269624A JP 2007269624 A JP2007269624 A JP 2007269624A JP 5212887 B2 JP5212887 B2 JP 5212887B2
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current detection
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JP2009100551A (en
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公英 青山
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Yokogawa Electric Corp
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本発明は、電流の経路に挿入され、前記経路の電流を検出する電流検出装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a current detection device that is inserted in a current path and detects a current in the path.

プロセス制御関連のシステムでは、短絡や断線などの異常を検出する電流検出装置が電流の経路中に挿入されている。電流検出装置が過電流などの異常を検出した場合、スイッチにより回路を遮断し、あるいは上位システムへ通知するなどの制御を実行することで、回路や負荷を保護するとともに、必要な処理を実行している。
特開２００６−２１１７３７号公報 In a system related to process control, a current detection device that detects an abnormality such as a short circuit or disconnection is inserted in a current path. When the current detection device detects an abnormality such as an overcurrent, the circuit and load are protected by executing control such as shutting down the circuit with a switch or notifying the host system. ing.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-21737

しかし、電流検出装置自体において異常が発生した場合、回路の状態を検出不能となり、回路の異常等を認識できなくなる。例えば、以下のような状況を発生させる。
（１）実際は、電流値は正常であるにもかかわらず、過電流あるいは電流が流れていないと判断する状況。
（２）負荷側での短絡などによる過電流の異常が発生しているにもかかわらず、過電流を検出できず正常と判断する状況。
（３）負荷側での断線などによる軽負荷の異常が発生しているにもかかわらず、電流値を正常と判断する状況。 However, when an abnormality occurs in the current detection device itself, the state of the circuit cannot be detected, and the abnormality of the circuit cannot be recognized. For example, the following situation is generated.
(1) Actually, the current value is normal, but it is determined that no overcurrent or current is flowing.
(2) A situation in which an overcurrent cannot be detected and is judged normal even though an overcurrent abnormality has occurred due to a short circuit on the load side.
(3) A situation in which the current value is determined to be normal even though a light load abnormality has occurred due to disconnection or the like on the load side.

本発明の目的は、検出の信頼性を高めることができる電流検出装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a current detection device that can improve detection reliability.

本発明の電流検出装置は、電流の経路に挿入され、前記経路の電流を検出する電流検出装置において、電流の経路の同一検出位置において互いに並列に挿入され、当該経路の電流を互いに独立して検出する第１の検出手段および第２の検出手段と、前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段による両者の検出結果に基づいて、前記第１の検出手段または前記第２の検出手段の動作状態を判定する判定手段と、前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流をそれぞれ選択的に与えるスイッチ装置と、を備え、前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段は、それぞれ前記経路に挿入される抵抗を具備するとともに、前記抵抗に発生する電圧に基づいて電流を検出し、前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置の状態に応じた判定を行うことを特徴とする。
この電流検出装置によれば、第１の検出手段および第２の検出手段による両者の検出結果に基づいて当該回路の動作状態を判定するので、電流検出装置自体の異常と電流値の異常とを切り分けて検出できるため、検出の信頼性を高めることができる。
The current detection device of the present invention is inserted in a current path, and in the current detection device for detecting the current in the path , is inserted in parallel at the same detection position in the current path, and the currents in the path are independently from each other. The first detection means or the second detection means, and the first detection means or the second detection means based on both detection results by the first detection means and the second detection means. Determining means for determining the operating state of the first detecting means, and a switch device for selectively supplying current to the first detecting means and the second detecting means, respectively, the first detecting means and the second detecting means. Each of the detection means includes a resistor inserted in the path, detects a current based on a voltage generated in the resistance, and the determination means determines according to the state of the switch device. And performing.
According to this current detection device, since the operation state of the circuit is determined based on the detection results of both the first detection means and the second detection means, the abnormality of the current detection device itself and the abnormality of the current value are detected. Since the detection can be performed separately, the reliability of detection can be improved.

前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流に基づいて判定を行ってもよい。The determination means is detected by the first detection means and the second detection means when a current is applied to the first detection means and the second detection means by the switch device. The determination may be made based on the current.

前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段により検出される電流と、前記スイッチ装置により前記第２の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流と、を比較することで判定を行ってもよい。The determination means includes a current detected by the first detection means when a current is applied only to the first detection means by the switch device, and the second detection means by the switch device. The determination may be made by comparing the current detected by the second detection means when the current is given only to the current.

前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流の和と、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段により検出される電流、および前記スイッチ装置により前記第２の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流の和と、を比較することで判定を行ってもよい。The determination means is detected by the first detection means and the second detection means when a current is applied to the first detection means and the second detection means by the switch device. A sum of currents, a current detected by the first detection means when a current is applied only to the first detection means by the switch device, and the second detection means by the switch device The determination may be made by comparing the sum of the currents detected by the second detection means when the current is given only to the current.

前記判定手段により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段の異常が判定されない通常時には、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられる状態としてもよい。A state in which a current is applied to the first detection unit and the second detection unit by the switch device at a normal time when the abnormality of the first detection unit and the second detection unit is not determined by the determination unit It is good.

本発明の電流検出装置によれば、第１の検出手段および第２の検出手段による両者の検出結果に基づいて当該回路の動作状態を判定するので、電流検出装置自体の異常と電流値の異常とを切り分けて検出できるため、検出の信頼性を高めることができる。   According to the current detection device of the present invention, since the operation state of the circuit is determined based on the detection results of both the first detection device and the second detection device, the current detection device itself and the current value are abnormal. Therefore, the detection reliability can be improved.

以下、図１〜図３を参照して、本発明による電流検出装置の実施形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a current detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

図１（ａ）は、本発明による電流検出装置の一実施形態の構成を示すブロック図、図１（ｂ）は電流検出回路の構成を示すブロック図である。   FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a current detection device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing a configuration of a current detection circuit.

図１（ａ）に示すように、本実施形態の電流検出装置３は、電源１と負荷２を結ぶ電流経路に挿入される。   As shown in FIG. 1A, the current detection device 3 of this embodiment is inserted into a current path connecting the power source 1 and the load 2.

電流検出装置３は、互いに直列に接続される検出手段としての電流検出回路４Ａおよび電流検出回路４Ｂと、電流検出回路４Ａおよび電流検出回路４Ｂからの信号を受ける判定手段３１と、電流経路に挿入される遮断スイッチ３２と、を備える。   The current detection device 3 includes a current detection circuit 4A and a current detection circuit 4B as detection means connected in series with each other, a determination means 31 for receiving signals from the current detection circuit 4A and the current detection circuit 4B, and a current path inserted into the current path. A cut-off switch 32.

図１（ｂ）に示すように、電流検出回路４Ａは、電源１と負荷２を結ぶ電流経路に挿入される検出抵抗４１と、検出抵抗４１の両端の電圧値をデジタル値に変換するＡＤ変換器４２とを備える。ＡＤ変換器４２からの信号（デジタル値）は、判定手段３１に与えられる。電流検出回路４Ｂも電流検出回路４Ａと同一構成とされている。   As shown in FIG. 1B, the current detection circuit 4A includes a detection resistor 41 inserted in a current path connecting the power source 1 and the load 2, and AD conversion for converting a voltage value at both ends of the detection resistor 41 into a digital value. Instrument 42. A signal (digital value) from the AD converter 42 is given to the determination unit 31. The current detection circuit 4B has the same configuration as the current detection circuit 4A.

電流検出装置３の判定手段３１では、電流検出回路４Ａおよび電流検出回路４Ｂからの信号に基づいて、異常を検出し、例えば、過電流と判定される場合には、遮断スイッチ３２をオフすることで、電源１から負荷２への電流を遮断することができる。また、上位システムに対して異常を通知することができる。   The determination means 31 of the current detection device 3 detects an abnormality based on the signals from the current detection circuit 4A and the current detection circuit 4B. For example, when it is determined that an overcurrent is detected, the cutoff switch 32 is turned off. Thus, the current from the power source 1 to the load 2 can be interrupted. In addition, an abnormality can be notified to the host system.

本実施形態の電流検出装置３では、判定手段３１において２つの電流検出回路４Ａおよび電流検出回路４Ｂにより得られた検出結果を比較することで、電源１と負荷２を結ぶ電流経路の電流値が異常なのか、あるいは、電流検出回路４Ａまたは電流検出回路４Ｂに異常が発生したのかを判定することが可能となる。   In the current detection device 3 of the present embodiment, the determination unit 31 compares the detection results obtained by the two current detection circuits 4A and 4B, so that the current value of the current path connecting the power source 1 and the load 2 is determined. It is possible to determine whether there is an abnormality or whether an abnormality has occurred in the current detection circuit 4A or the current detection circuit 4B.

例えば、電流検出回路４Ａおよび電流検出回路４Ｂにおける検出結果が矛盾する場合には、電流検出回路４Ａまたは電流検出回路４Ｂに異常が発生したものと判定できる。また、矛盾がなければ、電流が正しく検出されていると判定できる。例えば、両者で同時に負荷２の過電流が検出されれば、電流検出装置３の異常ではなく、実際に過電流が流れていると判定される。   For example, when the detection results in the current detection circuit 4A and the current detection circuit 4B are inconsistent, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the current detection circuit 4A or the current detection circuit 4B. If there is no contradiction, it can be determined that the current is correctly detected. For example, if an overcurrent of the load 2 is detected at the same time in both cases, it is determined that the overcurrent actually flows rather than an abnormality of the current detection device 3.

この場合、異常の状態に応じた動作を予め定めておくことで、状況に応じた適切な動作を確保することができる。   In this case, it is possible to ensure an appropriate operation according to the situation by predetermining an operation according to the abnormal state.

図２は、電流検出装置を二重化した構成例を示すブロック図である。判定手段３１間で二重化制御信号をやりとりすることで、スイッチ３２を操作して稼動側、制御側の切り替えを行うことができる。   FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example in which the current detection device is duplicated. By exchanging a duplex control signal between the determination means 31, the switch 32 can be operated to switch between the operation side and the control side.

図２の例では、２つの電流検出装置３を並列接続し、一方を稼動側装置、他方を待機側装置として使用する。この場合、稼動側装置に異常が発生したと判定される場合には、速やかに待機側に制御権を切り替えることで継続した制御を実行できる。また、稼動側で過電流などの異常が検出されれば、二重化の制御権を切り替えることなく、判定手段３１により上位システムに通知を上げ、あるいは稼動側装置のスイッチ３２をオフするなどの動作を実行する。   In the example of FIG. 2, two current detection devices 3 are connected in parallel, and one is used as an active device and the other is used as a standby device. In this case, if it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the operating side device, it is possible to execute continuous control by quickly switching the control right to the standby side. If an abnormality such as an overcurrent is detected on the operating side, the determination unit 31 notifies the host system or switches the operating side device switch 32 without switching the duplication control right. Run.

このように、電流検出装置を二重化することにより、異常部位を明確に判断でき、高信頼、高安定でより稼働率の高い安全なシステムを構築できる。また、保守性を向上させることができる。   Thus, by duplicating the current detection device, the abnormal part can be clearly determined, and a safe system with high reliability, high stability and higher operating rate can be constructed. In addition, maintainability can be improved.

図３（ａ）は、電流検出回路を並列に接続した構成例を示すブロック図である。電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄは、電流検出回路４Ａ（図１（ａ））と同様に構成されている。   FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example in which current detection circuits are connected in parallel. The current detection circuit 4C and the current detection circuit 4D are configured in the same manner as the current detection circuit 4A (FIG. 1A).

図３（ａ）に示すように、電流検出回路４Ｃにはスイッチ３５が、電流検出回路４Ｄにはスイッチ３６が、それぞれ直列に接続されている。スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６は判定手段３１により制御され、スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６の状態により電流経路を選択することができる。また、電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄを経由する共通の電流経路には、判定手段３１により制御されるスイッチ３４が挿入されている。なお、スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６によりスイッチ３４の代替とすることができるため、スイッチ３４を省略してもよい。   As shown in FIG. 3A, a switch 35 is connected in series to the current detection circuit 4C, and a switch 36 is connected in series to the current detection circuit 4D. The switch 35 and the switch 36 are controlled by the determination unit 31, and a current path can be selected according to the state of the switch 35 and the switch 36. A switch 34 controlled by the determination means 31 is inserted in a common current path that passes through the current detection circuit 4C and the current detection circuit 4D. Since the switch 35 and the switch 36 can be used as a substitute for the switch 34, the switch 34 may be omitted.

図３（ｂ）は図３（ａ）の電流検出装置の正常時における動作状態を示す図である。ここに示す各状態ではスイッチ３４はオンしており、電源１から負荷２への電流経路に流れる電流値（電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄに流れる電流値の和）を「Ｉ」としている。   FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an operation state of the current detection device of FIG. In each state shown here, the switch 34 is on, and the current value flowing through the current path from the power source 1 to the load 2 (the sum of the current values flowing through the current detection circuit 4C and the current detection circuit 4D) is “I”. .

図３（ｂ）の「状態１」では、スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６はともにオンしており、電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄには、それぞれ電流値０．５Ｉずつの電流が流れる。   In “state 1” in FIG. 3B, both the switch 35 and the switch 36 are on, and a current of 0.5I flows through the current detection circuit 4C and the current detection circuit 4D.

「状態２」では、スイッチ３５のみがオンしており、電流検出回路４Ｃには、電流値Ｉの電流が流れ、電流検出回路４Ｄには、電流が流れない。   In “state 2”, only the switch 35 is on, a current having a current value I flows through the current detection circuit 4C, and no current flows through the current detection circuit 4D.

「状態３」では、スイッチ３６のみがオンしており、電流検出回路４Ｄには、電流値Ｉの電流が流れ、電流検出回路４Ｃには、電流が流れない。   In “state 3”, only the switch 36 is on, a current having a current value I flows through the current detection circuit 4D, and no current flows through the current detection circuit 4C.

「状態４」では、スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６がオフしており、電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄのいずれにも電流が流れない。   In “state 4”, the switch 35 and the switch 36 are off, and no current flows through either the current detection circuit 4C or the current detection circuit 4D.

通常の稼動状態では、状態１〜３のいずれかの状態をとる。また、異常発生時や待機中に電流を遮断する場合には、状態４とすることができる。   In the normal operation state, any one of states 1 to 3 is taken. Further, when the current is interrupted when an abnormality occurs or during standby, the state 4 can be set.

図３（ａ）の構成では、状態１〜３を適宜切り替えることで、例えば、以下のような診断が可能となる。
（１）状態２と状態３で検出される電流値が一致しているか。
（２）状態１において電流検出回路４Ｃおよび電流検出回路４Ｄで検出される電流が一致しているか。
（３）状態２または状態３で検出した電流値が、状態１で検出した電流値（電流値の和）と一致しているか。 In the configuration of FIG. 3A, for example, the following diagnosis is possible by appropriately switching between the states 1 to 3.
(1) Whether the current values detected in state 2 and state 3 match.
(2) Whether the currents detected by the current detection circuit 4C and the current detection circuit 4D match in the state 1.
(3) Whether the current value detected in state 2 or 3 matches the current value detected in state 1 (sum of current values).

これらの診断により、電流検出回路４Ｃまたは電流検出回路４Ｄの異常を発見することができる。また、上記（１）〜（３）の診断により、スイッチ３５およびスイッチ３６が正しく切り替えられているかどうかの診断も可能となる。   By these diagnoses, an abnormality of the current detection circuit 4C or the current detection circuit 4D can be found. Further, it is possible to diagnose whether the switch 35 and the switch 36 are correctly switched by the diagnosis (1) to (3).

また、電流検出回路を直列接続する場合（図１、図２）の場合には、片方の電流検出回路が断線に相当する故障を起こした場合に、両者で電流経路の断線として誤検出されてしまう。しかし、図３（ａ）のように、電流検出回路を並列接続する場合には、個々の電流検出回路の断線故障を確実に検出できる。   In the case where the current detection circuits are connected in series (FIGS. 1 and 2), if one of the current detection circuits has a failure corresponding to the disconnection, both are erroneously detected as a disconnection of the current path. End up. However, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the current detection circuits are connected in parallel, the disconnection failure of each current detection circuit can be reliably detected.

さらに、並列接続の場合には、直列接続に比べ検出抵抗での電圧降下を小さくすることが可能となり、電源に対する出力電圧のロスを低減でき、内部発熱も抑制できる。   Furthermore, in the case of the parallel connection, it is possible to reduce the voltage drop at the detection resistor compared to the series connection, the loss of the output voltage with respect to the power supply can be reduced, and the internal heat generation can be suppressed.

以上説明したように、本発明の電流検出装置によれば、第１の検出手段および第２の検出手段による両者の検出結果に基づいて当該回路の動作状態を判定するので、電流検出装置自体の異常と電流値の異常とを切り分けて検出できるため、検出の信頼性を高めることができる。   As described above, according to the current detection device of the present invention, the operation state of the circuit is determined based on the detection results of both the first detection unit and the second detection unit. Since abnormality and current value abnormality can be detected separately, the reliability of detection can be improved.

本発明の適用範囲は上記実施形態に限定されることはない。本発明は、電流の経路に挿入され、前記経路の電流を検出する電流検出装置に対し、広く適用することができる。   The scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The present invention can be widely applied to a current detection device that is inserted in a current path and detects the current in the path.

本発明による電流検出装置の一実施形態の構成を示す図であり、（ａ）は、電流検出装置の一実施形態の構成を示すブロック図、図１（ｂ）は電流検出回路の構成を示すブロック図。It is a figure which shows the structure of one Embodiment of the current detection apparatus by this invention, (a) is a block diagram which shows the structure of one Embodiment of a current detection apparatus, FIG.1 (b) shows the structure of a current detection circuit. Block Diagram. 電流検出装置を二重化した構成例を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structural example which duplicated the electric current detection apparatus. 電流検出回路を並列に接続した構成例を示す図であり、（ａ）は、電流検出回路を並列に接続した構成例を示すブロック図、（ｂ）は、正常時における動作状態を示す図。It is a figure which shows the structural example which connected the current detection circuit in parallel, (a) is a block diagram which shows the structural example which connected the current detection circuit in parallel, (b) is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of normal.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３ 電流検出装置
３１ 判定手段
４Ａ〜４Ｄ 電流検出回路（検出手段） 3 Current detection device 31 Determination means 4A to 4D Current detection circuit (detection means)

Claims (5)

電流の経路に挿入され、前記経路の電流を検出する電流検出装置において、
電流の経路の同一検出位置において互いに並列に挿入され、当該経路の電流を互いに独立して検出する第１の検出手段および第２の検出手段と、
前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段による両者の検出結果に基づいて、前記第１の検出手段または前記第２の検出手段の動作状態を判定する判定手段と、
前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流をそれぞれ選択的に与えるスイッチ装置と、
を備え、
前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段は、それぞれ前記経路に挿入される抵抗を具備するとともに、前記抵抗に発生する電圧に基づいて電流を検出し、
前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置の状態に応じた判定を行うことを特徴とする電流検出装置。 In a current detection device that is inserted into a current path and detects a current in the path,
A first detection means and a second detection means, which are inserted in parallel with each other at the same detection position of the current path and detect the current of the path independently of each other;
Determination means for determining an operating state of the first detection means or the second detection means based on both detection results by the first detection means and the second detection means;
A switch device that selectively applies currents to the first detection means and the second detection means,
With
The first detection unit and the second detection unit each include a resistor inserted in the path, and detect a current based on a voltage generated in the resistor,
The current detection device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit performs a determination according to a state of the switch device. 前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流に基づいて判定を行うことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電流検出装置。 The determination means is detected by the first detection means and the second detection means when a current is applied to the first detection means and the second detection means by the switch device. The current detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination is performed based on a current. 前記判定手段は、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段により検出される電流と、前記スイッチ装置により前記第２の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流と、を比較することで判定を行うことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の電流検出装置。 The determination means includes a current detected by the first detection means when a current is applied only to the first detection means by the switch device, and the second detection means by the switch device. 3. The current detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the determination is performed by comparing the current detected by the second detection unit when a current is applied only to the current . 前記判定手段は、
前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流の和と、
前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第１の検出手段により検出される電流、および前記スイッチ装置により前記第２の検出手段のみに対して電流が与えられている場合に前記第２の検出手段により検出される電流の和と、
を比較することで判定を行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の電流検出装置。 The determination means includes
A sum of currents detected by the first detection means and the second detection means when current is applied to the first detection means and the second detection means by the switch device;
A current detected by the first detection means when a current is given only to the first detection means by the switch device, and a current only to the second detection means by the switch device The sum of the currents detected by the second detection means when
The current detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the determination is performed by comparing the two . 前記判定手段により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段の異常が判定されない通常時には、前記スイッチ装置により前記第１の検出手段および前記第２の検出手段に対して電流が与えられる状態とすることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の電流検出装置。 A state in which a current is applied to the first detection unit and the second detection unit by the switch device at a normal time when the abnormality of the first detection unit and the second detection unit is not determined by the determination unit current detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a.
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