JP5211765B2 - Heating device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating device that heats a fluid to be heated.

In restaurants, accommodation facilities, etc., there are cases where a small heating device for obtaining cooking steam or hot water for a bathroom is installed.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a heating device that heats water flowing in a pipe using high-temperature combustion gas generated by burning fuel together with combustion air, thereby obtaining steam.
Further, the heating device is used not only for generating steam and hot water but also for heating various fluids (heated fluid).
JP 2007-139358 A

By the way, in the conventional heating device, since the temperature of the combustion air and fuel used for combustion is low, if the flame directly touches the pipe through which the cold fluid to be heated flows, the flame itself becomes unstable and a large amount of unburned matter is generated. To do. For this reason, in the conventional heating apparatus, after burning in a large combustion chamber, the fluid to be heated is heated by the combustion gas as described above. Therefore, the amount of heat dissipated from the large combustion chamber to the surroundings increases, and the energy efficiency decreases.
Moreover, in the conventional heating apparatus, a large combustion chamber is required for complete combustion. For this reason, a heating apparatus cannot fully be reduced in size.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve the energy efficiency of a heating device that heats a fluid to be heated, and at the same time, further reduce the size of the heating device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a heating device for heating a fluid to be heated, and includes a first flow path through which unburned gas containing combustible fuel flows, and a nozzle hole set to be smaller than the extinguishing distance. The unburned gas ejected from the first flow path is burned at a flow rate through which the flame can be maintained, and the combustion gas due to the combustion flows and is formed around the first flow path. It is characterized by comprising two flow paths and a third flow path formed around the second flow path through which the fluid to be heated flows.

According to the present invention having such a feature, the second flow path is formed around the first flow path through which the unburned gas flows, and the combustion gas flows through the second flow path. For this reason, the unburned gas flowing through the first flow path is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas flowing through the second flow path. Further, a stable flame is formed by ejecting unburned gas from the first flow path through a nozzle hole set to be smaller than the flame extinguishing distance and at a flow rate at which the flame can be maintained.
According to the present invention, the third flow path is formed around the second flow path where the unburned gas is combusted by the stable flame and the combustion gas flows, and the fluid to be heated flows through the third flow path. It is.

  Further, in the present invention, a configuration is adopted in which an introduction part for introducing the combustion gas from the second flow path is provided in an area outside the third flow path and on the opposite side of the second flow path. To do.

  In the present invention, the first flow path is constituted by the internal space of the first pipe, and the second flow path is sandwiched between the first pipe and the second pipe that concentrically surrounds the first pipe. The third channel is composed of a space sandwiched between the second pipe and a third pipe concentrically surrounding the second pipe.

  Further, in the present invention, the first flow path is configured from an internal space of the first pipe, and the third flow path is arranged apart from the first pipe around the first pipe. It is composed of an internal space of four pipes, and the second flow path is composed of a space surrounded by the first pipe, the fourth pipe, and a partition wall that closes between the fourth pipes. To do.

According to the present invention, the second flow path is formed around the first flow path through which the unburned gas flows, and the combustion gas flows through the second flow path. For this reason, the unburned gas flowing through the first flow path is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas flowing through the second flow path. Further, a stable flame is formed by ejecting unburned gas from the first flow path through a nozzle hole set to be smaller than the flame extinguishing distance and at a flow rate at which the flame can be maintained. Such a stable flame can be stably burned even if it directly touches the wall surface in contact with the cold fluid to be heated, and heat can be efficiently transferred to the wall surface.
According to the present invention, the third flow path is formed around the second flow path where the unburned gas is combusted by the stable flame and the combustion gas flows, and the fluid to be heated flows through the third flow path. It is.
As a result, the fluid to be heated flowing in the third flow path is heated by directly heating the third flow path with a stable flame. Therefore, compared with the case where the flow path of the fluid to be heated is heated only by the combustion gas, the amount of heat can be efficiently transferred to the fluid to be heated. Therefore, energy efficiency in the heating device that heats the fluid to be heated can be improved.

According to the invention, the unburned gas flowing through the first flow path is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas flowing through the second flow path, and the heated unburned gas is set to be smaller than the extinguishing distance. And is burned by being ejected from the first flow path at a flow rate capable of maintaining the flame. When such a configuration is adopted, the unburned gas is sufficiently heated by the high-temperature combustion gas, so a large combustion chamber is not required for stable combustion, and combustion continues in the microchannel combustion chamber. It becomes possible to do.
Therefore, according to the present invention, the combustion chamber can be made smaller and the heating device can be made smaller.

  Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the energy efficiency of the heating device that heats the fluid to be heated, and at the same time, further reduce the size of the heating device.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heating device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a small boiler will be described as an example of the heating device according to the present invention. Further, in the following drawings, the scale of each member is appropriately changed in order to make each member a recognizable size.

(First embodiment)
1 to 3 are schematic configuration diagrams schematically showing the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view. is there.
As shown in these drawings, the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment includes a first pipe 1 (first pipe), a second pipe 2 (second pipe), and a third pipe 3 (third pipe). It has a triple tube structure arranged concentrically in plan view.

The first pipe 1 is a pipe that extends in the vertical direction and has a lower end 11 that is a closed end, and has a nozzle hole whose diameter is set smaller than the extinguishing distance of unburned gas in the side wall near the lower end 11. A plurality of 12 are formed. And the 1st piping 1 is formed with the material (for example, brass (brass) etc.) with high heat conductivity.
The internal space of the first pipe 1 is an unburned gas flow path R1 (first flow path) through which unburned gas G1 containing combustible fuel flows. That is, in the small boiler B <b> 1 of the present embodiment, the unburned gas flow path R <b> 1 is configured from the internal space of the first pipe 1.
The first pipe 1 has an upper end connected to an unburned gas supply device (not shown) for supplying unburned gas G1 to the unburned gas flow path R1.

Further, as the unburned gas G1, a mixture of fuel and oxidant can be used.
As the fuel, petroleum fuel, natural gas, or the like can be used.

The second pipe 2 is a pipe extending in the vertical direction and concentrically surrounding the first pipe 1. The lower end 21 is a closed end, and is formed of a material having high heat transfer like the first pipe 1. ing.
In the space between the second pipe 2 and the first pipe 1, the unburned gas G1 is burned, and the combustion gas flow path R2 (in which the combustion gas G2 generated by burning the unburned gas G1 flows) A second flow path). That is, in the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment, the combustion gas flow path R2 is composed of a space sandwiched between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 that concentrically surrounds the first pipe 1.
The vicinity of the lower end of the combustion gas channel R2 (near the nozzle hole 12) is a combustion chamber K in which the unburned gas G1 ejected from the nozzle hole 12 burns. The combustion chamber K is provided with an ignition device (not shown).

The third pipe 3 is a pipe that extends in the vertical direction and surrounds the second pipe 2 concentrically, and the lower end 31 is a closed end. In addition, it is preferable that this 3rd piping 3 is formed with a material with low heat conductivity.
A space between the third pipe 3 and the second pipe 2 is a water flow path R3 (third flow path) through which water (heated fluid) W flows. That is, in the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment, the water flow path R3 is configured by a space sandwiched between the second pipe 2 and the third pipe 3 that concentrically surrounds the second pipe 2.
A water supply unit (not shown) for supplying water W to the water channel R3 is connected near the lower end of the water channel R3, and the water W whose flow rate is adjusted to the water channel R3 by the water supply unit. Is supplied. Further, a discharge part (not shown) for discharging steam generated by evaporation of the water W in the water flow path R3 is connected to the vicinity of the upper end of the water flow path R3, and the water flow path R3 is connected by the discharge part. The steam whose flow rate is adjusted is discharged to the outside.

  In the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, first, the unburned gas G1 is supplied from the unburned gas supply device connected to the first pipe 1 to the unburned gas flow path R1. A flame is formed in the combustion chamber K by igniting and burning the unburned gas G1 ejected from the nozzle hole 12 formed in the above. Then, the combustion gas G2 generated by burning the unburned gas G1 flows through the combustion gas flow path R2 and is discharged.

  When a flame is formed in the combustion chamber K in this way, the high-temperature combustion gas G2 flows through the combustion gas flow path R2 formed around the unburned gas flow path R1, so that the unburned gas flow path R1 is not flowing. The fuel gas G1 is heated. That is, the amount of heat of the combustion gas G2 is transferred to the unburned gas G1 through the first pipe 1 functioning as a heat exchange wall, and as a result, the unburned gas G1 is heated.

  The unburned gas G1 heated by exchanging heat with the combustion gas G2 is ejected to the outside of the first pipe 1 through the nozzle hole 12 while being heated to the vicinity of the ignition possible temperature. The unburned gas G1 ejected from the nozzle hole 12 is ignited and burned by the flame formed in the combustion chamber K.

And since the nozzle hole 12 formed in the 1st piping 1 is set smaller than the extinction distance in the combustion environment in the combustion chamber K of the unburned gas G1, a flame does not spread to unburned gas flow path R1. .
For this reason, the flame is stabilized in the combustion chamber K, and combustion is continued.

  Further, as described above, the unburned gas G1 supplied to the combustion chamber K via the unburned gas flow path R1 flows through the combustion gas flow path R2 in a state where the combustion in the combustion chamber K is continued. Heated by the combustion gas G2. For this reason, even if the combustion chamber K is made extremely small as compared with the combustion chamber in the conventional heating device, a stable flame can be formed.

Thus, in a state where a flame is stably formed in the combustion chamber K and combustion is continued, the water W in the water channel R3 is the flame in the combustion chamber K and the combustion gas G2 in the combustion gas channel R2. Is evaporated by heating. That is, the heat quantity of the flame and the heat quantity of the combustion gas G2 are transferred to the water W through the second pipe 2 functioning as a heat exchange wall, and as a result, the water W is heated and evaporated.
And the vapor | steam produced | generated by water W evaporating is discharged | emitted outside the small boiler B1 via the discharge part not shown.

According to the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment as described above, the combustion gas passage R2 through which the combustion gas G2 flows is formed around the unburned gas passage R1 through which the unburned gas G1 flows. For this reason, the unburned gas G1 flowing through the unburned gas flow path R1 is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas G2 flowing through the combustion gas flow path R2. Further, a stable flame is formed when the unburned gas G1 is ejected from the unburned gas flow path R1 through the nozzle hole 12 set to be smaller than the extinguishing distance and at a flow rate capable of maintaining the flame. . Such a stable flame can be directly brought into contact with the wall surface (second pipe 2) in contact with the cold water W.
And according to small boiler B1 of this embodiment, water flow path R3 is formed around combustion gas flow path R2 in which a stable flame is formed, and water W is caused to flow through the water flow path R3.
As a result, the water W flowing through the water channel R3 is heated by directly heating the water channel R3 with a stable flame. Therefore, compared with the case where the water flow path R3 is heated only by the combustion gas G2, the amount of heat can be efficiently transferred to the water W. Therefore, according to small boiler B1 of this embodiment, energy efficiency can be improved.

Further, according to the small boiler B1 of the present embodiment, the unburned gas G1 flowing through the unburned gas flow path R1 is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas G2 flowing through the combustion gas flow path R2, and the heated unburned gas G1 is heated. Is burned by being ejected from the unburned gas flow path R1 through the nozzle hole 12 set to be smaller than the flame extinguishing distance and at a flow rate capable of maintaining the flame. When such a configuration is employed, the unburned gas G1 is sufficiently heated by the high-temperature combustion gas G2, so that stable combustion can be continued in the small combustion chamber K.
Therefore, according to small boiler B1 of this embodiment, it becomes possible to make a combustion chamber small and to miniaturize an apparatus.

  Thus, according to the small boiler B1 of this embodiment, it is possible to improve the energy efficiency and at the same time further reduce the size of the apparatus.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the second embodiment, the description of the same parts as those of the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified.

4 and 5 are schematic configuration diagrams schematically showing the small boiler B2 of the present embodiment, FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view.
As shown in these figures, in the small boiler B2 of the present embodiment, the unburned gas flow path R1 is configured from the internal space of the first pipe 1 in the same manner as the small boiler B1 of the first embodiment, and the water flow path R3. Is composed of the internal space of a plurality of fourth pipes 4 arranged at a distance from the first pipe 1 with the first pipe 1 as the center, and the combustion gas flow path R2 is the first pipe 4, the fourth pipe 4, and the fourth. It is comprised from the space enclosed by the partition 5 which closes between 4 piping.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the height of the partition wall 5 is set lower than the heights of the first pipe 1 and the fourth pipe 4. As a result, a gap is formed between the fourth pipes 4 in the upper part of the small boiler B2. The gap functions as an introduction portion 6 that introduces the combustion gas G2 into the outer region of the water channel R3 and the region opposite to the combustion gas channel R2.

In the small boiler B2 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the unburned gas G1 heated by heat exchange with the combustion gas G2 is ejected into the combustion gas flow path R2, as in the first embodiment. When the combustion gas G2 is newly generated after being burned, a part of the combustion gas G2 goes around to the back side of the fourth pipe 4 (the side opposite to the combustion gas flow path R2) through the introduction part 6. For this reason, the whole periphery of the 4th piping 4 is heated by the combustion gas G2, and the water W can be heated more efficiently.
Therefore, according to small boiler B2 of this embodiment, it becomes possible to improve energy efficiency more.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the third embodiment, the description of the same parts as those of the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the small boiler B3 of the present embodiment, and is a horizontal sectional view.
As shown in this figure, the small boiler B3 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of fins 10 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the second pipe 2 toward the water flow path R3. The fins 10 are integrally formed with the second pipe 2 and are formed of a material having high heat transfer properties as with the second pipe 2.

According to the small boiler B3 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the fin 10 increases the heat exchange area between the combustion gas G2 flowing through the combustion gas flow path R2 and the water W flowing through the water flow path R3, and is more efficient. Thus, it becomes possible to heat the water W.
Therefore, according to the small boiler B3 of this embodiment, it becomes possible to further improve energy efficiency.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the fourth embodiment, the description of the same parts as those of the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a small boiler B4 of the present embodiment, and is a horizontal sectional view.
As shown in this figure, in the small boiler B4 of the present embodiment, the second pipe 2 is bent at a predetermined interval into the combustion gas flow path R2 side and the water flow path R3 side to have a star shape.

According to the small boiler B4 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the second pipe 2 is bent at a predetermined interval to form a star shape, so that the combustion gas G2 and the water flow path flowing through the combustion gas flow path R2 The heat exchange area with the water W flowing through R3 increases, and the water W can be heated more efficiently.
Therefore, according to the small boiler B4 of this embodiment, it becomes possible to further improve energy efficiency.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of the heating apparatus which concerns on this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, in the said embodiment, the small boiler was mentioned and demonstrated as an example of a heating apparatus.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a water heater that heats water to form hot water, an apparatus that heats oil or gas, and the like. It can also be applied to industrial products such as large boilers and fluidized bed boilers that use heated powder fluid.
In addition, when the heating device of the present invention is applied to a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the powdered fluid can be transported using combustion gas.

In the second embodiment, the configuration in which the fourth pipe 4 is a straight pipe extending in the vertical direction has been described.
However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the fourth pipe 4 may have a spiral shape with the vertical direction as an axis.
That is, the external shape and cross-sectional shape of the fourth pipe 4 can be set arbitrarily.
Moreover, the external shape and cross-sectional shape of the 1st piping 1, the 2nd piping 2, and the 3rd piping 3 in the said 1st-4th embodiment are examples, and can be set arbitrarily.

It is a perspective view showing a typical schematic structure of a small boiler in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view showing a typical schematic structure of a small boiler in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a schematic schematic configuration of a small boiler according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view showing a schematic schematic structure of a small boiler in a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the typical schematic structure of the small boiler in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a horizontal sectional view showing a typical schematic structure of a small boiler in a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view showing a typical schematic structure of a small boiler in a 4th embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

  B1, B2, B3, B4 ... Small boiler (heating device), 1 ... 1st piping, 12 ... Nozzle hole, 2 ... 2nd piping, 3 ... 3rd piping, 4 ... 4th piping, 5 ... partition wall, 6 ... introduction part, R1 ... unburned gas channel (first channel), R2 ... combustion gas channel (second channel), R3 ... water channel (third channel) ), G1 ... unburned gas, G2 ... combustion gas, W ... water (heated fluid), K ... combustion chamber

Claims (3)

A heating device for heating a fluid to be heated,
A first flow path through which unburned gas containing combustible fuel flows;
The unburned gas ejected from the first flow path through the nozzle hole set smaller than the extinguishing distance and at a flow rate capable of maintaining the flame is burned and the combustion gas from the combustion flows, A second flow path formed around the first flow path;
A third flow path formed around the second flow path through which the fluid to be heated flows ;
A heating apparatus comprising: an introduction portion that introduces the combustion gas from the second flow channel in a region outside the third flow channel and in a region opposite to the second flow channel . The first flow path is constituted by an internal space of a first pipe;
The second flow path is composed of a space sandwiched between the first pipe and a second pipe concentrically surrounding the first pipe;
Heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said third flow passage, characterized in that consists of the second pipe and the space of the second pipe sandwiched between the third pipe surrounding concentrically. The first flow path is constituted by an internal space of a first pipe;
The third flow path is constituted by an internal space of a plurality of fourth pipes arranged around the first pipe and spaced apart from the first pipe;
Heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said second flow path, characterized in that composed of the space surrounded by the partition wall in which the first pipe and the fourth pipe closes between between the fourth pipe.

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