JP5208336B2 - Shipment method for liquid cargo - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of transporting fluid cargo such as granules, powders and liquids by ship.

Transportation of fluids that do not have a fixed shape, such as powder or liquid, will be transported on land by dedicated vehicles such as tank trucks, or bags for general trucks with flatbeds. A container bag is used.
Further, transportation by ship is limited to transportation in a state where it is divided into a special vessel such as a tanker and a fixed container such as a drum can because of the nature of the cargo.

Problems to be solved by the invention

In sea transportation, it is considered possible to apply transportation by bags, but much larger bags than those used for land transportation are required.
However, when the size of the bag is increased, the pressure due to the weight of the cargo enclosed inside increases, so that the tension generated in the membrane material forming the bag becomes extremely large, thereby preventing damage to the bag. In addition, the use or reinforcement of a high-strength membrane material is required.

Also, as the weight increases, the cargo enclosed in the bag body moves together as a result of the movement of the ship in transit, so there is a risk of cargo collapse due to its inertial force, which greatly affects the stability of the ship's navigation. Will be affected.
In addition, when a liquid is loaded directly into a tank by a tanker or the like, the liquid also causes an inherent fluctuation due to the movement of the ship, especially when there is a free water surface, the impact pressure of the liquid acts on the inner wall or ceiling of the tank. Safety measures are indispensable.

Means for solving the problem

[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention transports oil directly into the tank when transporting it, and when transporting fluids other than oil, the liquid such as water or oil that covers the inner wall surface and bottom surface of the tank is impermeable. The inside of the tank with the inner surface membrane attached and attached to the vessel with the removable inner membrane attached to the vessel, and the fluid cargo enclosed in the bag body made of a membrane impermeable to water or oil And a supply method of the fluid cargo in the ship, wherein the filling water is injected into the tank.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view in which a bag body in which fluid cargo is enclosed is arranged in a tank of an oil tanker, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view.
In the figure, 1 is a hull and 2 is a tank.

  A bag 3 encloses a fluid cargo 4 such as a granule, powder, or liquid, and is transported in a certain shape. The bag body 3 has an entrance / exit 5 for the fluid cargo 4 at a desired location, and the entrance / exit 5 may have a valve-like or hatch-like structure having water-stopping properties. Further, the entrance / exit 5 may be connected to an opening provided in the tank 2 and closed by a closing lid of the opening.

The shape of the bag 3 is substantially oval in the drawing, but may be any shape such as a sphere or an oval depending on the shape of the tank 2 to be stored and the type and characteristics of the cargo to be enclosed. It is set as the magnitude | size which closely_contact | adheres to the inner surface four sides of the tank 2 when enclosing.
The material constituting the bag body 3 is a film-like body such as water or oil-impermeable rubber, synthetic resin, etc., which may or may not be elastic, and its thickness is determined appropriately.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the membrane-like body has a composite structure in which one or more layers of a restraint body 6 made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, metal fibers, etc. are embedded in the membrane body. As a result, a high-strength film can be obtained.
Reference numeral 7 denotes supplementary water, which is injected together with the bag body 3 in which the fluid cargo 4 is enclosed in the tank 2. As shown in the figure, the bag body 3 should be buried, and ideally the tank 2 is full. However, depending on the size of the bag body 3 and how the fluid cargo 4 is enclosed, the entire bag body 3 may not necessarily be buried. The supplementary water may be any water, seawater, other liquid or powder.

When the supplementary water is put into the tank 2 and transported as described above, the size of the bag 3 does not necessarily have to be close enough to the inner peripheral surface of the tank 2.
Reference numeral 8 denotes an inner surface film. It is provided along the inner wall surface and bottom surface of the vessel as required, and is a film-like body made of a liquid impervious rubber or synthetic resin such as water or oil. The film-like body of the bag body 3 However, since the material is not subjected to stress or tension, the material, thickness, and the like may be different from the film-like body of the bag 3. The inner surface film 8 can be attached to and detached from the tank and is attached by a locking means such as a rope or a locking bracket. The inner surface film 8 is not necessarily in close contact with the inner wall surface and the bottom surface, and may be interposed between the bag 3 and the inner wall surface and the bottom surface.

  For example, when a liquid other than crude oil is transported by an oil tanker, the inner tank 8 is not required for the water stop because the tank has a structure that is inherently water-proof. This is to prevent the bag body from being soiled by the oil adhering to the inner wall surface and bottom surface of the tank and to eliminate the need for oil treatment when discharging the supplementary water 7.

According to the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, the bag body 3 enclosing the fluid cargo 4 in the tank 2 is subjected to the buoyancy F by the supplementary water 7, and the specific gravity of the fluid cargo 4 in the bag body 3. The fluid cargo 4 sinks or floats on the bottom of the vessel 2 due to the difference in specific gravity between the supplementary water 7 in the vessel 2 and the weight W of the fluid cargo 4 is reduced anyway.
Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the bag body 3 can be decreased and the tension | tensile_strength T which acts on the film | membrane material which forms the bag body 3 reduces.

Moreover, when the pressure P1 by the fluid cargo 4 is smaller than the liquid pressure P0 of the external supplementary water 7, the fluid cargo 4 is pressurized by the pressure difference, so that the transportation cargo can be stabilized.
Furthermore, when the tank 2 is filled with the supplementary water 7, the bag body enclosing the fluid cargo is prevented from being deformed and moved by the shaking of the ship during transportation, so that the so-called cargo collapse does not occur and the ship is stable. Will be able to navigate.

  In the above description, the supplementary water 7 is injected into the tank 2. For example, the fluid cargo 4 has a relatively low specific gravity such as powder, or the fluid cargo 4 is a bag regardless of the specific gravity. When the body is sufficiently filled or sealed in a press-fitted state, it is not always necessary to inject the supplementary water 7 into the tank 2. In this case, the bag body 3 in which the fluid cargo 4 is enclosed. May be placed in the tank 2, and if the bag is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tank 2, it does not move greatly due to the gravity of the fluid cargo.

Effect of the invention

  According to the present invention described in detail above, a bag body is formed by an impervious film-like body of water or oil fluid, and fluid cargo is enclosed in the bag body and placed on the vessel's tank. By transporting, the fluid cargo can be transported without causing collapse of the cargo due to the shaking of the ship being transported.

Furthermore, by injecting supplementary water together with the bag body enclosing the fluid cargo into the tank, buoyancy is generated in the bag body due to the difference in specific gravity between the two, further suppressing deformation movement of the fluid cargo due to the shaking of the ship. And has the effect of being able to perform stable navigation.
In addition, the pressure of the supplementary water can prevent the bag body from spreading due to the weight of the fluid cargo, thereby reducing the deformation of the bag body and reducing the tension applied to the membrane material constituting the bag body. It is possible to prevent damage caused by cracks or breakage.

Furthermore, when a film-like body is provided between the bag body in the tank and the inner wall surface and the bottom surface, the remaining water in the tank is prevented from adhering to the bag body and the supplementary water to be injected into the tank It has an effect as a water stop material for preventing leakage.
Further, when the supplementary water is not put into the tank, the fluid is sealed in the bag, so that the free water surface is regulated and the impact force due to the fluid is not generated on the wall surface or the ceiling surface.

  Cross-sectional explanatory drawing with bags placed in the tank   Explanatory drawing of the same vertical section   Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the film-like body which comprises a bag   Explanatory drawing of the action of supplementary water

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hull 2 Ship tank 3 Bag body 4 Fluid cargo 5 Entrance / exit 6 Restraint body 7 Supplementary water 8 Inner membrane

Claims (1)

When transporting oil, put it directly into the tank and transport it.When transporting fluids other than oil, transport an inner membrane that is impervious to liquids such as water or oil that covers the inner and bottom walls of the tank. It is detachable and mounted in the tank, and the fluid cargo is enclosed in a bag body made of a film that is impermeable to water and oil, etc., and is stored in the tank with the inner membrane attached. A method for transporting a cargo of fluid cargo, characterized by injecting supplementary water into a tank.

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